同位语从句讲解-PPT

二、同位语Байду номын сангаас句
是用来解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句，同位语从句在主句 中的作用相当于被修饰的名词的作用。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。
√ √
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. which
3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A. what
4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C./ D. it
“什么方式“ “为什么” 等含义，应用when, where, how, why等词 引导同位语从句。
• 例：I have no idea when he will be back.
• They raised another question where we should get the money. • He had no idea how Joe managed to get out of the well. • The question why so many animals died suddenly in that area remains unsettled.
2. 在句中所起的语法作用不同
同： that是连词，不充当任何成分，但不能省略 定： that是关系代词，充当主语、宾语等，作宾语时可省略
1.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
判断以下是什么从句
1. I have a hope that all of you will go to college. 同位语从句 2. I hate the fact that he told me. 定语从句 3. I hate the fact that he always tells lies 同位语从句
• The photo reminds me of the time when I worked for the Southern Weekly.
• We have no idea when he came in.
同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在表示命令、请求、建议的名词后面所跟的同位语从句必须用虚拟语气， 动词形式为（should）+动词原形
2.The suggestion（that) they are considering is that
students should learn something practical.
• 二、when where why 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别
• when where why 引导的定语从句，分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、 地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。
同位语从句的先行词
被同位语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词，常见到的先行词有：
• • • • • • • • • • • • advice，announcement, answer, belief ， chance, conclusion demand, doubt, decision, evidence ， explanation fact ， feeling hope, idea, information, impression message , news order, opinion, problem , promise , proposal , possibility question , request , report , rumor, reason suggestion , thought wish , word , warning
they received orders that the work (should ) be done at once. 他们接到了立即干这个工作的命令。
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。 （should）send My suggestion that we __________________(send) more workers to help them is well received. 我提出的我们应派更多的工人去帮助他们的建议很受欢迎。
这些词有什么共同点？
同位语从句的引导词
• 同位语从句的引导词有： • that, whether，what, which, who • when, where, how, why
1. 如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。
（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）
• 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
一、That 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1. 所表达的内容不同
同：先行词的具体内容 定：先行词的性质、特征等
1.The news that the plane would take off on time made
everybody happy.
2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.
√ √
B. that
C. why
D. when
5. I have no idea ____ he will start.
√
A. when
B. that
C. what
D./
需注意的情况：
有时候主句的谓语比较短，同位语从句比较长，这个从句就不一定紧
◆
接在它所说明的名词后面。
• 如：Word came that our Chinese women team had beaten Japanese. • The story goes that the lost child has gone abroad. • The thought came to him that the criminal might have fled.
It is Henry Adams, an American business man, who is lost in London
and does not know what he should do.
3.句子作同位语
The news that the oil price will go down is untrue. (同位语从句）
river at once.
2. 如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引
导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）
• 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be
held on time.
3. 如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、
名词性从句之三
--同位语从句
Noun clauses as the appositive
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一、 概念
同位语
同位语：
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词进行说明或解释， 这个名词(或其它形式)就是另一个名词的同位语。同位语在 主句中的作用相当于被修饰的名词的作用。 如： Laura Myers, a BBC reporter, asked for an interview. Long Yingtai, a famous writer, divorced her husband. We have two children, a boy and a girl.
VS
同位语从句
Mr. Lin cares for us students very much.
More examples?
同位语的三种形式
1.名词作同位语
Donna, the cheerleader, received a big hug from the famous footballer.
2.短语作同位语
The thought that they could across the whole continent was exciting. They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. I have no idea where he lives.
4. Titanic is the ship that sank into the ocean. 定语从句 5. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way. 同位语从句
谢谢大家！
Thanks for your cooperation!
Exercises:
• • • • • • • • • •
• .
1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.
2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why