语法填空专题讲解
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2. The headmaster went into the lab, followed ________ (follow) by the foreign guests.
考点归纳：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条 件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定 形式。与句中主语是主动关系使用现在分词；与
句中主语是被动关系使用过去分词。
考点归纳：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓 语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动 词就要确定用 现在分词doing，过去分词done， 还是不定式 to do 。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它 与其逻辑主语之间 的关系。
非谓语动词(2)
1. He saw the stone, saying ______(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”
考点归纳: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配 介词 的使用要注意搭配和上下文语境提示。
连词或从句引导词 • 无提示词 连词(并列连词和转折连词）
讨论归纳
1. He was very tired after doing this for a whole but he felt very happy. day, ______ 2… all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted(使融化/软化) me _______ gave me and a completely new sense of what life is all about. 考点归纳: 同一个主语发出两个或几个动作，且时 态一致，中间没有连词，一定是填连词(并列连词 和转折连词）。
考点归纳：状语从句包括时间状语从句，条件状语从句， 结果状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状 语从句，目的状语从句和方式状语从句。
二、给出了提示词型的解题技巧
1）动词——谓语动词
1. But things________ changed (change) when he came to the new school. was rescued (rescue) by the soldiers 2.Right after he _______________ from the ruins,he saluted and smiled to them. 3. Since the beginning of history, people _______________ have used (use) rivers for transportation.
when, where, why, how
when, while, as, since, until, where, because, although, though, if, so that, such that, before, after...
动词
谓语动词：时态，语态, 主谓一致
非谓语动词：-ing，-ed，to do及变形
考点归纳：定语从句 中缺地点状语用________, where when 缺时间状语用_________________ ， 缺原因状语用____________ 。 why
名词性从句
1.I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached __________ what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
考点归纳:(1-3 )名词前面 若没有限定词（定冠词，不定 冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词),很可能考查限定词。
(4)主句缺主语或宾语，很可能考查代词。
讨论归纳
• 无提示词 介词 • 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等 • 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1. The science institute spends about 3.5 million dollars every year ______ on robot research. 2. ...,Love decided to ask for help. Richness was passing by _______ Love in a grand boat.
What’s the usual way you fulfill the task rational cloze ?
三步完成:
概读理解 – 分析填空 – 连贯检查 语 法
词法 句法 章法 惯用法
思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们 到底该怎样入手呢?
冠词 介词
a, an, the in, at, on, with, without, for, by, from, before, after, through, over, under... 并列关系：and, or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but (also), both...and 转折关系：but, yet 因果关系：for, so
从句引导词
定语从句---关系代词
1. Whenever he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child ______________ who/that had put it there. 2. It sang the sweetest melody(曲调) ________ that she had ever heard. 3. The house ________ whose window are broken is empty.
实 词
名词 单复数 形容词/副词 比较级、最高级；反义词 词性转换
Task 1: 题型解读 思考：高中英语试卷语法填空以什么方式出题？
1. 挖空 10 处要求填入适当的单词。 2. 设题方式分为 纯空格型和 有提示词型 _
语法填空题—空格设计
纯空格 有 提 示 词
代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词 (prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词 (conj.)或从句引导词 给出了动词的试题 词类词义转换题
谓语动词，非谓语动词, 名词，形容词，副词， 形容词或副词的比较级 或最高级
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
一、纯空格试题的解题技巧
冠词或(物主)代词
• 无提示词
讨论归纳
1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer the killed [40]__________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2.When I see the child in the shop, I think of Lucy. She a was [35]________ shy and beautiful girl. 3.The little boy pulled [33]________ right hand out of the his pocket … 4.I can send a message to Ken whenever I want to, and it gets there almost in a second. ______
虚 词
并列连词 (连接并列句)
which, that, who(m), 关系代词 as, whose 定语从句 关系副词 when, where, why
从 连接词 句 名词性从句 连接代词 引 连接副词 导 词 状语从句 从属连词
that, whether, if
what(ever), who(ever)
考点归纳：名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句， 表语从句和同位语从句。要注意what引导名词 性从句的用法。
状语从句 1._______ When they arrived at dry land, the elder
went her own way. If it rains tomorrow, I won't go. 2._____ 3.He was so tired _____ that he couldn't go. Although he is poor, he's still happy. 4.________ wherechildren can't 5.Please put the medicine______ reach it. because he is ill. 6. He can't come ________
非谓语动词(3)
To complete 1. ____________(complet) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 2. The young student did all that he could ______ to pass (pass)the examinations.
考点归纳：定语从句中缺主语,宾语或定语，一定 是填适当的关系代词，如：who, that, which, whom，whose。
定语从句---关系副词 why we do it. 1. These are the reasons ______ 2.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to where he grew up as a child. the small town _______ 3. I can still remember the moment _______ when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule.
宾从 2.We heard the news _________ that our team had won.同位语从句 3. _________ What interested her most was the longitude line. 主从 whether 4.The question is _______________ we should go on with the work. 表从
考点归纳：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动 词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间 有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词,就 要考虑时态和语态，时态考虑要瞻前顾后。
2)动词——非谓语动词(1)
1. ______ Used (use) for a long time, the book looks old. Using 2._______(use) the book, I find it useful. Seen (see) from the hill, the city looks like a big 3.________ garden. 4.I looked at the pair of small objects _______ called (call) “thoughtpads” on a table.
高中英语语法填空 Rational Cloze
解题技巧
Learning goals:
1. To learn some rules and skills about the rational cloze.
2. To improve the students' ability of the rational cloze by mastering some skills and doing exercises.
考点归纳：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条 件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定 形式。与句中主语是主动关系使用现在分词；与
句中主语是被动关系使用过去分词。
考点归纳：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓 语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动 词就要确定用 现在分词doing，过去分词done， 还是不定式 to do 。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它 与其逻辑主语之间 的关系。
非谓语动词(2)
1. He saw the stone, saying ______(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”
考点归纳: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配 介词 的使用要注意搭配和上下文语境提示。
连词或从句引导词 • 无提示词 连词(并列连词和转折连词）
讨论归纳
1. He was very tired after doing this for a whole but he felt very happy. day, ______ 2… all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted(使融化/软化) me _______ gave me and a completely new sense of what life is all about. 考点归纳: 同一个主语发出两个或几个动作，且时 态一致，中间没有连词，一定是填连词(并列连词 和转折连词）。
考点归纳：状语从句包括时间状语从句，条件状语从句， 结果状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状 语从句，目的状语从句和方式状语从句。
二、给出了提示词型的解题技巧
1）动词——谓语动词
1. But things________ changed (change) when he came to the new school. was rescued (rescue) by the soldiers 2.Right after he _______________ from the ruins,he saluted and smiled to them. 3. Since the beginning of history, people _______________ have used (use) rivers for transportation.
when, where, why, how
when, while, as, since, until, where, because, although, though, if, so that, such that, before, after...
动词
谓语动词：时态，语态, 主谓一致
非谓语动词：-ing，-ed，to do及变形
考点归纳：定语从句 中缺地点状语用________, where when 缺时间状语用_________________ ， 缺原因状语用____________ 。 why
名词性从句
1.I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached __________ what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
考点归纳:(1-3 )名词前面 若没有限定词（定冠词，不定 冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词),很可能考查限定词。
(4)主句缺主语或宾语，很可能考查代词。
讨论归纳
• 无提示词 介词 • 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等 • 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1. The science institute spends about 3.5 million dollars every year ______ on robot research. 2. ...,Love decided to ask for help. Richness was passing by _______ Love in a grand boat.
What’s the usual way you fulfill the task rational cloze ?
三步完成:
概读理解 – 分析填空 – 连贯检查 语 法
词法 句法 章法 惯用法
思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们 到底该怎样入手呢?
冠词 介词
a, an, the in, at, on, with, without, for, by, from, before, after, through, over, under... 并列关系：and, or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but (also), both...and 转折关系：but, yet 因果关系：for, so
从句引导词
定语从句---关系代词
1. Whenever he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child ______________ who/that had put it there. 2. It sang the sweetest melody(曲调) ________ that she had ever heard. 3. The house ________ whose window are broken is empty.
实 词
名词 单复数 形容词/副词 比较级、最高级；反义词 词性转换
Task 1: 题型解读 思考：高中英语试卷语法填空以什么方式出题？
1. 挖空 10 处要求填入适当的单词。 2. 设题方式分为 纯空格型和 有提示词型 _
语法填空题—空格设计
纯空格 有 提 示 词
代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词 (prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词 (conj.)或从句引导词 给出了动词的试题 词类词义转换题
谓语动词，非谓语动词, 名词，形容词，副词， 形容词或副词的比较级 或最高级
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
一、纯空格试题的解题技巧
冠词或(物主)代词
• 无提示词
讨论归纳
1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer the killed [40]__________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2.When I see the child in the shop, I think of Lucy. She a was [35]________ shy and beautiful girl. 3.The little boy pulled [33]________ right hand out of the his pocket … 4.I can send a message to Ken whenever I want to, and it gets there almost in a second. ______
虚 词
并列连词 (连接并列句)
which, that, who(m), 关系代词 as, whose 定语从句 关系副词 when, where, why
从 连接词 句 名词性从句 连接代词 引 连接副词 导 词 状语从句 从属连词
that, whether, if
what(ever), who(ever)
考点归纳：名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句， 表语从句和同位语从句。要注意what引导名词 性从句的用法。
状语从句 1._______ When they arrived at dry land, the elder
went her own way. If it rains tomorrow, I won't go. 2._____ 3.He was so tired _____ that he couldn't go. Although he is poor, he's still happy. 4.________ wherechildren can't 5.Please put the medicine______ reach it. because he is ill. 6. He can't come ________
非谓语动词(3)
To complete 1. ____________(complet) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 2. The young student did all that he could ______ to pass (pass)the examinations.
考点归纳：定语从句中缺主语,宾语或定语，一定 是填适当的关系代词，如：who, that, which, whom，whose。
定语从句---关系副词 why we do it. 1. These are the reasons ______ 2.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to where he grew up as a child. the small town _______ 3. I can still remember the moment _______ when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule.
宾从 2.We heard the news _________ that our team had won.同位语从句 3. _________ What interested her most was the longitude line. 主从 whether 4.The question is _______________ we should go on with the work. 表从
考点归纳：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动 词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间 有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词,就 要考虑时态和语态，时态考虑要瞻前顾后。
2)动词——非谓语动词(1)
1. ______ Used (use) for a long time, the book looks old. Using 2._______(use) the book, I find it useful. Seen (see) from the hill, the city looks like a big 3.________ garden. 4.I looked at the pair of small objects _______ called (call) “thoughtpads” on a table.
高中英语语法填空 Rational Cloze
解题技巧
Learning goals:
1. To learn some rules and skills about the rational cloze.
2. To improve the students' ability of the rational cloze by mastering some skills and doing exercises.