电路专业术语

Glossary of “Principles of Electric Circuits”

Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of Electrical Circuits

电路electrical circuit

电流current

电荷electric charge

电压voltage

电位potential

电位差potential difference

电动势electromotive force

功率power

能量 energy

电阻resistor / resistance

电导conductor / conductance

电感inductor / inductance

电容capacitor / capacitance

欧姆定律Ohm’s Law

广义欧姆定律generalized Ohm’s Law

参考方向reference direction

电压极性voltage polarity

正极positive polarity

负极 negative polarity

理想独立电压源 ideal independent voltage source

理想独立电流源

ideal independent current source

理想受控源

ideal dependent / controlled source

压控电压源

voltage controlled voltage source(VCVS) 压控电流源

voltage controlled current source(VCCS) 流控电压源

current controlled voltage source(CCVS) 流控电流源

current controlled current source(CCCS) 节点node

支路branch

回路loop

基尔霍夫电流定律

Kirchhoff’s Current Law(KCL)

基尔霍夫电压定律

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law(KVL)

闭合面closed boundary

集总参数lumped parameter

集总参数电路 lumped circuit

集总参数元件 lumped element

分布参数distributed parameter

分布参数电路distributed circuit

直流direct current(DC)

交流alternating current(AC)

有源器件active element

无源器件passive element

无损电路lossless circuit

Chapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistor circuits 串联series connection

分压voltage division

并联parallel connection

分流current division

等效电阻equivalent resistance

Y-Δ变换Wye-Delta transformation

入端电阻input resistance

Chapter 3 Methods of Analysis

支路电流法method of branch current

节点法Nodal Analysis

回路电流法loop current method

网孔电流法mesh current method

外网孔outer mesh

自导纳self-admittance

互导纳mutual-admittance

矩阵matrix

行row

列column

参考节点reference node

平面电路planar circuit

方程equation

消去法elimination technique

克莱姆法则Cramer’s rule

代入法substitution method

运算放大器operational amplifier(op amp) 同向输入端 noninverting input

反向输入端inverting input

输出端output

等效电路模型equivalent circuit model

开环放大倍数open-loop gain

闭环放大倍数closed-loop gain

入端电阻input resistance

输出电阻output resistance

线性工作区linear region

正向饱和区positive saturation

反向饱和区 negative saturation

同向放大noninverting amplifier

反向放大inverting amplifier

加法器summing amplifier

积分器integrator

微分器differentiator

自激振荡self-sustained oscillation Chapter 4 Circuit Theorems

叠加原理superposition principle 输入/激励 input / excitation

输出/响应output / response

线性电路linear circuit

代数和algebraic sum

替代定理substitution principle

戴维南定理Thevenin’s Theorem

诺顿定理Norton’s Theorem

二端网络two-terminal circuit

开路电压open-circuit voltage

短路电流short-circuit current

特勒根定理 Tellegen Theorem

功率平衡定理Power-balancing Theorem 互易定理reciprocal theorem

对偶原理principle of duality

对偶元件dual element