阅读理解猜测词意 (自动保存的)

Guessing Meanings of Words

猜测词义

Step 1 Lead in Question 1: If you come across new words when reading, what will you do?

1.Ignore them and continue reading

2. Look them up in the dictionary

3.Guess the meaning

Step 2 How to guess the meanings of words

词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：

1. The word “…” refers to / probably means / coul d best be replaced by _______.

2.The word “…” is most likely to mean ______.

3. What d o you think the expression “…” stands for?

4. The underlined word “…” means ______. ......

Step 3 猜测词意的8大技巧

1. Definition 定义法

2.Contrast 对比法

3.Similarity 相似法

4.Cause and effect 因果法

5.Exampl e 列举法

6.Word Formation 构词法

7.Context 上下文

mon Sense 普通常识

1. Definition 定义法：一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。

It will be very hard but very brittle— that is , it will break easily.

The herdsman , who l ooks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.

2. Contrast 对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。

表示对比的词有but、while、however、otherwise 、unlike; instead, on the other hand...

Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.

She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middl e of her first class.

A. on time

B. late

C. sl owly

D. quickly

3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。

Cl eaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.

4. Cause & Effect 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。

One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.

That museum is so immense that it will be impossibl e to see all the exhibits in one day.

因果关系With the help of conjunctions like: because, as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，therefore，so that，etc.

5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等。

Today young coupl es often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.

6. Word Formation 构词法：

英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。

With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional l ove, d ogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(2003NMET) 中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：

super- (超) mini- (极小的, 微小的)

micro-（极微小的）re- （再，反复）

mis-（误，恶）im-（不）

un-（不，非）in-（不，非）

non-（不，非）-abl e（能…的）

-less（不，无）-wards (向)

Can you guess the right meanings?

superman microwave

nonnatural mispronouce

homeless nonsmoker

rebuil d eastwards

Eg. I’m going to buy a microbus.

micro+bus 微型公共汽车

7. Context 上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。

1) He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so

before I understand anything. Even then all I coul d make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident.

A. see clearly

B. und erstand

C. expect

2）Tom saw an owl last night．

A．a bird B．an animal C. a star

Tom saw an owl in a tree last night．

A．a bird B．an animal C. a star

Tom saw an owl in a tree last night but it flew away when he got near．

A．a bird B．an animal C. a star

3）The children are looking at an ape.

A．a kind of monkey B．a kind of tree C．a kind of bird

The children are looking at an ape at the zoo．

A．a kind of monkey B．a kind of tree C．a kind of bird

The children are looking at a large, hairy ape at the zoo．

A．a kind of monkey B．a kind of tree C．a kind of bird