中高职衔接课程体系构建研究与实践

中高职衔接课程体系构建研究与实践

目的以该校“3+3” 护理专业为例，中高职护理专业课程体系为研究对象，研究两者如何有效衔接的问题。方法采取调查问卷的方式，对该校2014 和2015级对口高职护理和助产专业学生围绕11个问题展开调查，收回有效问卷240份。结果24%的学生认为中职的专业课学得很不好，在高职阶段很愿意再学习一遍，51.6%的学生认为中、高职教材内容重复，希望根据具体情况酌情讲解，在课程结构上希望侧重于临床课的学习，对于实习内容重复积极性不高。基于我校中高职衔接的现状，构建中高职一体化课程体系，强化课程内涵建设，实现有效衔接。结论合理设置课程标准迎合市场多层次人才需求，优化课程结构设置避免教学资源重复浪费。

标签：中高职;衔接;课程体系;护理专业

Research and Practice of Construction of Connection of Curriculum System between Higher and Middle V ocational Education——Taking the Anhui V ocational Institute of Popul ation “3+3” Nursing Major as an Example

BAO You-zhi

Anhui V ocational Institute of Population，Chizhou，Anhui Province，247000 China

[Abstract] Objective To research how to effectively connect the higher and middle vocational education taking the Anhui Vocational Institute of Population “3+3” nursing major as an example. Methods 11 issues of students in the counterpart higher vocational nursing and midwifery major in our school in 2014 and in 2015 were surveyed by questionnaires，and 240 pieces of effective questionnaires were recycled. Results 24 percent of students supposed that they failed to learn the professional courses in the secondary vocational schools well，and they were glad to learn them again in the higher vocational stage，51.6 percent of students supposed that the contents of the secondary vocational courses and higher vocational courses were reduplicate，and they hoped that the courses could be explained according to specific conditions，and they hoped to pay attention to the study of clinical courses in the course structure and the enthusiasm of them to practice content was not high，and we should construct the integrated course system of secondary vocational school and higher vocational school，intensify the construction of course connation and realize the effective link based on the status of link of intermediate vocational education and higher vocational education in our school. Conclusion We should rationally set the course standards to meet the multi-level talent demands in the market and optimize the course structure setting to avoid the repeatability and waste of the teaching resources.

[Key words] Intermediate vocational education and higher vocational education; Link; Course system; Nursing major

现代社会的发展迫切需要高素质、技能型人才，中职毕业生已经不能满足市场需求，必须积极稳妥推进中高职人才培养衔接。安徽人口职业学院从2013年开始进行护理专业对口招生。因为没有成熟的人才培养方案，教学计划都是临时决定的，入学一年就结束了所有高职在校课程，剩下的时间没有教学任务，教务处临时决定将临床护理和基础护理重学一遍，造成了很被动的局面。我们课题组针对中高职护理在课程体系衔接过程中出现的问题，结合当前我国中高职的发展现状，以我校护理专业“3+3”为例，以中、高等职业学校护理专业课程体系为研究对象，研究两者如何有效衔接的问题。为此我们在前期理论研究和个别访谈的基础上，制定了中高职护理课程体系衔接研究调查问卷。了解对口高职学生中职课程掌握情况、对高职的课程设置、教学计划、教学方法等期望和要求，从实践的角度积极探索护理专业中高职有效衔接，调整课程结构，改进教学方法，构建中高职一体化课程体系。1 调查方法

该次调查对象为该校2014 级对口招生护理专业193 名高职学生和2015级自主招生护理和助产专业47 名高职学生，2014 级学生已经完成了高职基础课和专业课的学习，即将进入实习岗位或顶岗实习，2015级学生刚刚完成高职专业基础课的学习。我们采取调查问卷的形式，针对中高职课程衔接存在的关键问题设计问卷内容，以单选题的形式设置问题。该次问卷分6个部分，共设置11个问题。调查前集中培训调查对象，确保调查结果的准确性和真实性。该次调查共收回有效问卷240份。

2 结果

2.1 调查对象的基本情况

调查对象中男生1 名，女生239 名;中职所学专业：同一专业90%，不同专业10%;高职所在专业：护理85.5%，助产14.5%;年级：一年级20%，二年级80%。

2.2 该校中高职衔接的现状

该校从2014年开始实行护理和助产专业自主招生，准入门槛低，本校中职毕业生几乎都升入对口高职班学习。她们在中职入学成绩差，底子薄。通过访谈和该次调查发现24%的学生认为中职的专业课学得很不好，尤其是基础课和临床课，在高职阶段很愿意再学习一遍;在教学方法上51.6%的学生希望根据具体情况酌情讲解;在课程结构上希望增加临床护理课时（如内科护理、外科护理等）。可是目前高职教材和中职教材差别不大，内容重复，大部分教师采取蜻蜓点水或一带而过的教学方法，严重脱离学生的实际，很多学生不满意。尤其是中、高职阶段临床实习内容重复，多数人认为无需再实习或缩短实习时间或选择重点科室强化技能训练。根据我校的实际情况和国内外中高职衔接的发展现状，构建一套切实可行、科学合理的中高职一体化课程体系是中高职一体化发展的必然要求[1]。