初中定语从句(公开课-幽默版)
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观察后不难发现：定语从句的 构成为：that + 其他
请翻译：
这是一条喜欢和人说 话的狗 This is a dog that likes talking with people.
一.结构
定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词引导的从句
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 例如：He is a man that likes smoking.
二.关系词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
That,which,who,
Whom,whose
Where,when,why
1.关系词的作用
替代先行 词
引导定语 从句
在从句中 充当成分
关系 词
He is a boy whom beautiful girls like He is a boy/beuatiful girls like a boy
个人介绍
有学习上的问题和心灵上的困惑可以 找我聊聊，失恋了别找我说，因为 我也单身。
定语从句
考一考
翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。 他是一个喜欢抽烟的男人
He is a sad man
He is a man that likes smoking.
观察与类比
He is a man that likes smoking.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，which用在从句中作主语和宾语，whose常 常后面加名词
源自文库
关系代词用法总结
关系代词 先行词 关系代词在从句中作什 么
that who
whom whose which
物/人 人
人 人/ 物 物
主语/宾语 主语
宾语 定语（谁的，什么的） 主语/宾语
请务必将此表记下来！！！
2.关系代词及其用法
2.1. 先行词为“人”
(1) that: He is the student that likes reading books. He is the student that others hate. (2) who: I like the girl who has long hair. (3) whom: I know the boy whom Mr. Wang is talking with now. (4) whose: He is a soldier whose eyes are blue.
此外：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that
又来？
This is the only book ( ) I can find. This is the best book ( ) I have ever read. Is there anything ( ) you don’t understand? The boy and his dog ( ) are walking along the street have lost their way.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，who用在从句中作主语，whom用在从句中 作宾语，whose常常后面加名词
2.2.先行词为“物”
(1) that: The dog that always barks to me is very ugly The dog that these children is beating is mine. (2) which: The fish which is swimming in the pool will be our dinner. The cat which she is playing with is mine. (3) whose: The book whose cover is red is yours.
2.3. 只用“that”的情况
三大原则
1.说法绝对：先行词出现绝对性的描述， 如唯一的(the only), 每个人(everyone), 每 件事(everything),所有的(all),没有一个 (none), 任何事(anything), 任何人(anyone) 2.数字常考: 当先行词前有序数词时，如 the first, the second, 其中the last，最后的 也属于这种情况 3.最高级：先行词前有形容词最高级修 饰时，也只能用“that”
先行词为“man”，定语从句 为“that likes smoking”，而 “that”为引导定语从句的关 系词
先行词是什么呢？
请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句
• • • •
1.He is a boy who likes beautiful girls. 2.This is a dog which likes eating meat. 3.I know the boy whom teachers all like. 4. Xi’an is a good place where there are many delicous foods. • 5.Can you tell me the reason why he quite school? • 6.I remember these days when we were friends.
练习
(1) I don’t like the boy ( ) name is Tom. (2) The girl ( ) is reading a book is my sister. (3) The old man ( ) they are talking about is a teacher. (4) The cat ( ) the dog is hunting for is Tom’s. (5) I like playing with the boy ( ) eyes are brown. (6) The fish ( ) body is red is from Africa.
3.关系副词及其用法
(1) where: I remember the school where we had spent 3years. (2) when: Do you still remember these days when we were students. (3) why: Can you tell me the reason why he leave me.
请翻译：
这是一条喜欢和人说 话的狗 This is a dog that likes talking with people.
一.结构
定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词引导的从句
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 例如：He is a man that likes smoking.
二.关系词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
That,which,who,
Whom,whose
Where,when,why
1.关系词的作用
替代先行 词
引导定语 从句
在从句中 充当成分
关系 词
He is a boy whom beautiful girls like He is a boy/beuatiful girls like a boy
个人介绍
有学习上的问题和心灵上的困惑可以 找我聊聊，失恋了别找我说，因为 我也单身。
定语从句
考一考
翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。 他是一个喜欢抽烟的男人
He is a sad man
He is a man that likes smoking.
观察与类比
He is a man that likes smoking.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，which用在从句中作主语和宾语，whose常 常后面加名词
源自文库
关系代词用法总结
关系代词 先行词 关系代词在从句中作什 么
that who
whom whose which
物/人 人
人 人/ 物 物
主语/宾语 主语
宾语 定语（谁的，什么的） 主语/宾语
请务必将此表记下来！！！
2.关系代词及其用法
2.1. 先行词为“人”
(1) that: He is the student that likes reading books. He is the student that others hate. (2) who: I like the girl who has long hair. (3) whom: I know the boy whom Mr. Wang is talking with now. (4) whose: He is a soldier whose eyes are blue.
此外：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that
又来？
This is the only book ( ) I can find. This is the best book ( ) I have ever read. Is there anything ( ) you don’t understand? The boy and his dog ( ) are walking along the street have lost their way.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，who用在从句中作主语，whom用在从句中 作宾语，whose常常后面加名词
2.2.先行词为“物”
(1) that: The dog that always barks to me is very ugly The dog that these children is beating is mine. (2) which: The fish which is swimming in the pool will be our dinner. The cat which she is playing with is mine. (3) whose: The book whose cover is red is yours.
2.3. 只用“that”的情况
三大原则
1.说法绝对：先行词出现绝对性的描述， 如唯一的(the only), 每个人(everyone), 每 件事(everything),所有的(all),没有一个 (none), 任何事(anything), 任何人(anyone) 2.数字常考: 当先行词前有序数词时，如 the first, the second, 其中the last，最后的 也属于这种情况 3.最高级：先行词前有形容词最高级修 饰时，也只能用“that”
先行词为“man”，定语从句 为“that likes smoking”，而 “that”为引导定语从句的关 系词
先行词是什么呢？
请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句
• • • •
1.He is a boy who likes beautiful girls. 2.This is a dog which likes eating meat. 3.I know the boy whom teachers all like. 4. Xi’an is a good place where there are many delicous foods. • 5.Can you tell me the reason why he quite school? • 6.I remember these days when we were friends.
练习
(1) I don’t like the boy ( ) name is Tom. (2) The girl ( ) is reading a book is my sister. (3) The old man ( ) they are talking about is a teacher. (4) The cat ( ) the dog is hunting for is Tom’s. (5) I like playing with the boy ( ) eyes are brown. (6) The fish ( ) body is red is from Africa.
3.关系副词及其用法
(1) where: I remember the school where we had spent 3years. (2) when: Do you still remember these days when we were students. (3) why: Can you tell me the reason why he leave me.