分词短语作状语详细

首先要知道什么是分词.分词就是动词 ing或 ed的形成,称为现在分词和过去分词.既然分词是由动词变化而来,那么它就继承了动词原有的属性,即：可以带宾语或状语.这就构成了分词短语.分词也称为非谓语动词,不可以作谓语,但可以作定语、状语、补语、表语.下面举例说明：

一、分词短语作定语,短语我用括号表示：

①The man (standing in front of our classroom）is our headmaster.站在我们教室前面的那个人是我们的校长.

②The police found the car (stolen from a rich businessman).警察找到了从富商那被盗走的汽车.

二、分词短语作状语：

①（Walking in the field）,he noticed an unusual flower.正在田野走着,他发现了一种不同寻常的花.

②（Tired of cooking）,the Smiths went to a restaurant to have dinner.讨厌做饭,史密斯一家去了饭店吃饭.

三、作补语：

① I heard someone (singing loudly outside).我听到外面有人高声唱歌.

② I found my room （broken into ）.我发现有人进入过我的房间.

四、作表语：

① Your story is (quite interesting).你的故事很有趣.

② The bridge was (badly damaged in the earthquake).桥梁在地震中严重受损. 最后提醒：分词短语作表语与被动语态很相似,容易弄混.被动语态强调动作,表语强调状态.状态是持续的,动作是短暂的.

CH-分词短语作状语以及不定式作状语

Period 1:分词短语作状语

1．什么是状语：

修饰动词、形容词、副词等及其短语或整个句子，说明动作或特征的句子成分，叫做状语。

2.状语的表现形式：

(1)副词及其词组

Light travels most quickly.光传播得最快。

Factories and buildings are seen here and there.到处能见到工厂和建筑物。（2）介词短语

He has lived in the city for ten years.他在那座城市住了10年。

If spite of the difficulties, we went on with our work.尽管有困难，我们还是继续工作。

（3）不定式（短语）

He is proud to have passed the National College Entrance Examination. 他因能通过高考而感到自豪。

The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太重，我抬不起来。

（4）分词（短语）主语一直可以省略

He is in the room making a model plane.他正在房间里做一架飞机模型。

Not knowing what to do, he decided to ask the teacher for advice. 他不知道怎么办才好，决定去向老师寻求意见。

Encouraged by the teacher, I made up my mind to learn English well.在老师的鼓励下，我决心把英语学好。

（5）名词（短语）

Wait a minute.等一下

Would you please come this way.请这边走，好吗？

The road is fifty kilometers long and ten meters wide.这条路有50公里长，10米宽。

（6）从句

Once you begin, you must continue.一旦开始，你就得继续下去。

It is very difficult to live where there is little water.在没有水的地方，活是十分艰难的。

I must work harder in order that I may catch up with others.为了赶上其他人，我必须更加努力学习。

3.状语的分类

（1）时间状语

How about meeting again at six?

6:00再见面怎样？

When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.

下雨天我通常乘公共汽车去学校。

（2）原因状语

Last night she didn’t go to the dance because of the rain.

由于下雨，她昨晚没有去参加舞会。

Since you are very busy, I won’t trouble you.既然你很忙，我就不打扰你了。（3）条件状语

I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.

如果不下雨，我将到那里去。

As(so) long as you work hard, you can make rapid progress in English.只要你努力，你就可以在英语方面取得快速的进步。

（4）方式状语

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.她十分小心地把鸡蛋放进篮子里。

He has greatly improved his spoken English by this means.他用这种方法极大的提高了他的英语水平。

（5）伴随状语

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.他走了进来，手里拿着一本字典。The teacher came in, followed by a group of students.

老师走了进来，后面跟着一群学生。