肩袖损伤分类方法

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广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
临床表现
肩袖损伤会引起肩部疼痛,多为持续性钝痛,可向上 臂或颈部放射,肩外展或伴有内旋和外旋时疼痛加重,
压痛肩峰下的深部,以肱骨大结节处压痛最为明显。 夜间疼痛尤为明显,常常痛醒,患者很难向病侧侧卧。 过顶时疼痛。
广州市正骨医院
*Ellman H. Diagnosis and treatment of incomplete rotator cuff tears.[J]. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, 1990, 254(254):64-74.
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Hong Kong, London, Munich, Sydney, Tokyo, Lea and Febiger, 1993
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
正常肩袖的MRI表现
正常的肩袖韧
带在MRI上为均匀 的低信号,是肌腱 的延续:
冈上肌肌腱
冈下肌肌腱
小圆肌肌腱 肩胛下肌肌腱
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
• Grade 2: cuff tears of 1 to 3 cm in diameter after debridement of the avascular edges(残端清理后撕裂直径在1-3cm之间)
• Grade 3: cuff tears of 5 cm or less(撕裂直径在3-5cm之间) • Grade 4: global cuff tears with little or no cuff left(广泛的肩袖撕
*Ellman H部分肩袖损伤分类(滑囊侧)
• 根据关节镜下肩袖滑囊侧撕裂的深度分级(冠状面) • Grade 1 tear is<3 mm deep(<1/4). • Grade 2 tear 3–6 mm in depth but <1/2 of the tendonthickness . • Grade 3 tear >6 mm deep(>1/2).
*Habermeyer P, Magosch P, Lichtenberg S. Classifications and Scores of the Shoulder[M]// Springer, Berlin, 2006.
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Patte根据矢状位肩袖撕裂涉及的肌肉分级
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
肩袖损伤的流行病学
Uhthoff .[1]等在尸体标本中统计肩袖损伤的发病率为20% , 平均年龄为59.4岁。Lehman .[2]等在尸体标本中统计的发 病率为17%,且30%的病人年龄大于60岁。 Bigliani .[3]等 认为肩袖全层撕裂的发病率在5%-40%之间,且随着老年 化社会的进展,肩袖损伤的发病率将经一步上升。
nchen, Jena, Urban und Fischer, 2002
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Bateman关于肩袖全层撕裂的分级
• Grade 1: cuff tears of 1 cm or less measured in the longest diameter after debriding of the avascular edges(残端清理后撕裂直径小于 1cm)
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Habermeyer根据肩袖在矢状位损伤的部分分级
根据在矢状位以冈上肌两侧为界,将肩袖分为ABC三个 部位,根据撕裂波及的部位分级
Sector A: 撕裂位于前区,包括肩胛下肌、肩袖间 隙及肱二头肌长头腱。
Sector B: 撕裂位于中区,包括冈上肌及两侧。
• Type B : isolated tear within crescent zone. • Type C : tear extending from lateral border of pulley system over medial border of
supraspinatus tendon (冈上肌) up to area of crescent.
Sector C: 撕裂位于后区,包括冈下肌及小圆肌。
喙肩韧带
*Habermeyer, P., Lehmann, L:Rotatorenmanschette, Rotatorenintervall und lange Bizepssehne. Edited by Habermeyer P., pp. 333±374. M
裂,剩下很少或者几乎没有肌腱残留)
*Bayne, O., Bateman J. E.: Long term results of surgical repair of full thickness rotator cuff tears. In: Surgery of the shoulder, pp. 167±171. Edited by ateman, J. E.,Welsch, RP. Philadelphia, Saint Louis, Toronto, London, B. C. Decker Inc., The C. V. Mosby Company, 1984
*Ellman H. Diagnosis and treatment of incomplete rotator cuff tears.[J]. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, 1990, 254(254):64-74.
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Uhthoff et al.[1] found a 20% prevalence in a series of cadaver dissections in which the mean age of the donors was 59.4 years. Lehman et al.[2] found a prevalence of 17% in a large series of cadaver dissections, with a prevalence of 30% in donors older than sixty years of age. The incidence of fullthickness tears of the rotator cuff ranges from 5% to 40%. Furthermore, epidemiological studies show an increasing frequency of rotator cuff failure with advancing age[3].
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
*Habermeyer P肩袖关节侧部分损伤分类
• 根据关节镜下肩袖撕裂的部位分级(矢状位)
• Type A : tear of coracohumeral ligament(喙肱韧带) continuing into medial border of supraspinatus tendon(冈上肌).
肩袖损伤分类
Classifications of Rotator Cuff tears
广州市正骨医院 运动创伤科 张智勉 向孝兵
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
肩袖(Rotator Cuff)组成
肩袖是由附着在肱骨大结节的 冈上肌、冈下肌、小圆肌和附 着在肱骨小结节的肩胛下肌腱 性组织所构成,包裹于肱骨头 附近。因形状酷似袖口,故得 名。肩袖在肩关节运动中起着 支撑、稳定、维持肱骨头与关 节盂正常支点的作用。
• Group II: full-substance tears of entire supraspinatus(冈上肌) • Group III: full-substance tears involving more than one tendon(累
及多条肌腱) • Group IV: massive tears with secondary OA(关节炎)
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Patte根据肩袖损伤程度分级
• Group I: partial tears or full-substance tears measuring less than 1 cm in sagittal(矢状位) diameter at bony detachment(止点) a. Deep, partial tears b. Superficial(表面) tears c. Small, full-substance(全层) tears
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
Ellman 根据肩袖全层撕裂的形态分级
肩袖全层撕裂(形状)分类
*Ellman, H., Gartsman, G. M.: Open repair of full-thickness rotator cuff tears. Edited by Ellman, H., Gartsman, G. M.p181±202.Philadelphia,Baltimore,
根据在矢状位撕裂肩袖涉及的肌肉分级 1.肩胛下肌 2.喙肱韧带 3.冈上肌 4.冈上肌+冈下肌(部分) 5.冈上肌+冈下肌(全部) 6.肩胛下肌+喙肱韧带+冈上肌+冈下肌
*Patte, D.: Classification of rotator cuff lesions. Clin Orthop Relat Res, (254): 81±86, 1990
广州市正骨医院
Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital
*Ellman H部分肩袖损伤分类
• 根据关节镜下肩袖关节侧撕裂的深度分级(冠状面) • Grade 1 tear is<3 mm deep(<1/4). • Grade 2 tear 3–6 mm in depth but <1/2 of the tendon thickness . • Grade 3 tear >6 mm deep.
[1] Uhthoff HK, Loehr J, Sarkar K. The pathogenesis of rotator cuff tears. In: Takagishi N, editor. The shoulder. Tokyo: Professional PostGraduate Services;1987: 211-2. [2] Lehman C, Cuomo F, Kummer FJ, Zuckerman JD. The incidence of full thickness rotator cuff tears in a large cadaveric population. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1995;54(1):30-1. [3] Bigliani LU, Morrison DS. Relationship between acromial morphology and rotator cuff tears. Orthop Trans. 1986;10:216.
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