航空电子设备：EGPWS(English)增强型近地警告系统
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Civil Aviation Flight University of China 2
事故一
NBAA 2003
1995年12月20日，美利坚航空公司的一
架B757飞机（965航班）坠毁于南美哥伦比 亚的卡利（Cali）。飞机撞山前11秒GPWS发
出了地形警告，然后坠毁于机场北38海里的 12000英尺高的山上，离山顶200英尺处。
Look-ahead Terrain Alerting
NBAA 2003
The EGPWS provides caution-and–warning-level alerts to the flight crew about potential terrain conflicts earlier than is possible with the basic GPWS.
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 5
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
Air Radio data altitude
Air Radio Baro Airplane data altitude altitude position
NBAA 2003
In addition to retaining current GPWS alerting functions, the EGPWS offers two new major features :
• Look-ahead terrain alerting.
• Terrain display.
A new generation of GPWS — the Enhanced GPWS (EGPWS) — is designed to complement the current functions of the GPWS and provide terrain warnings in situations where the current system does not.
The alerts are based primarily on the airplane position and barometric altitude information passed to the EGPWS. Either a flight management system (FMS) or global positioning system (GPS) can provide airplane position (latitude and longitude) to the EGPWS.
064 6
TERRAIN Terrain display
Look-ahead terrain alerting
Figure 9.1
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 6
NBAA 2003
7
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
3
事故二
NBAA 2003
1996年4月，美国空军的一架CT-43A运 输机坠毁于克罗地亚（Croatia）。事故处于 襟翼和起落架都放下的正常进近中，GPWS 已解出了工作。
4
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
Enhanced GPWS Features
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
NBAA 2003
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System
增强型近地警告系统
Civil Aviation Flight Univeபைடு நூலகம்sity of China 1
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
The result can be very short warning times for flight into quickly rising terrain.
Additionally, when on approach at a normal descent rate with gear and flaps in the landing configuration, no terrain warnings are provided, because the GPWS assumes the airplane will land at an airplane.
Caution envelope
Look-ahead distance
Altitude offset
Warning envelope
Look-ahead distance
Altitude offset
Figure 9.2
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 8
NBAA 2003
The GPWS used today has limitations that may contribute to the “Late warning or improper pilot response” and “No warning” categories.
Current GPWS alerting functions reply on radio altimeters that cannot sense terrain ahead of the airplane.
NBAA 2003
Current GPWS
EGPWS
Airport Terrain database database
Radio altitude-based alerting
Radio altitude-based alerting
• Look-ahead terrain alerting. • Terrain display.
事故一
NBAA 2003
1995年12月20日，美利坚航空公司的一
架B757飞机（965航班）坠毁于南美哥伦比 亚的卡利（Cali）。飞机撞山前11秒GPWS发
出了地形警告，然后坠毁于机场北38海里的 12000英尺高的山上，离山顶200英尺处。
Look-ahead Terrain Alerting
NBAA 2003
The EGPWS provides caution-and–warning-level alerts to the flight crew about potential terrain conflicts earlier than is possible with the basic GPWS.
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 5
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
Air Radio data altitude
Air Radio Baro Airplane data altitude altitude position
NBAA 2003
In addition to retaining current GPWS alerting functions, the EGPWS offers two new major features :
• Look-ahead terrain alerting.
• Terrain display.
A new generation of GPWS — the Enhanced GPWS (EGPWS) — is designed to complement the current functions of the GPWS and provide terrain warnings in situations where the current system does not.
The alerts are based primarily on the airplane position and barometric altitude information passed to the EGPWS. Either a flight management system (FMS) or global positioning system (GPS) can provide airplane position (latitude and longitude) to the EGPWS.
064 6
TERRAIN Terrain display
Look-ahead terrain alerting
Figure 9.1
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 6
NBAA 2003
7
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
3
事故二
NBAA 2003
1996年4月，美国空军的一架CT-43A运 输机坠毁于克罗地亚（Croatia）。事故处于 襟翼和起落架都放下的正常进近中，GPWS 已解出了工作。
4
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
Enhanced GPWS Features
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
NBAA 2003
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System
增强型近地警告系统
Civil Aviation Flight Univeபைடு நூலகம்sity of China 1
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System(EGPWS)
The result can be very short warning times for flight into quickly rising terrain.
Additionally, when on approach at a normal descent rate with gear and flaps in the landing configuration, no terrain warnings are provided, because the GPWS assumes the airplane will land at an airplane.
Caution envelope
Look-ahead distance
Altitude offset
Warning envelope
Look-ahead distance
Altitude offset
Figure 9.2
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 8
NBAA 2003
The GPWS used today has limitations that may contribute to the “Late warning or improper pilot response” and “No warning” categories.
Current GPWS alerting functions reply on radio altimeters that cannot sense terrain ahead of the airplane.
NBAA 2003
Current GPWS
EGPWS
Airport Terrain database database
Radio altitude-based alerting
Radio altitude-based alerting
• Look-ahead terrain alerting. • Terrain display.