动词基本分类和系动词的用法

• 注意区别以下一些动词的用法，它们既可以 作为行为动词，又可以作为系动词。 1、look看；看起来
1） He is looking at the picture. 他正在看这图片。 2）It looks beautiful. 它看上去很美丽。
2、fell摸；感觉 1）I felt someone touch my arm. 我感到有人碰我的手臂。 ２) Are you felling better today than before? 你今天比以前感到好些了吗？ 3、smell嗅；闻起来 1) I like to smell the apple before eating it. 我喜欢在吃苹果前闻一闻。 2) Great! The flowers smell nice. 这些花闻起来多香啊！
4、taste辨味；尝起来 Please taste the soup.（请尝一口汤。） The soup tastes terrible.（这汤尝起来味 道太差了。）
TRANSITIVE VERBS (v.t.)
• A transitive verb always has a noun that receives the action of the verb. This noun is called the direct object. 及物动词经常后接名词作为宾语（动作的接收 者）。此名词被成为直接宾语。 • Examples: Lucy raised her hand. I can’t speak French. The cat can’t catch the mouse.
学法启示：
• 学习动词，不仅要知道含义并且要关注及 物/不及物的特性。 • 及物动词要关注一词多意，留意其不同宾 语。 • 对于不及物动词，要积累动介或动副搭配。
Types of linking verbs
1）状态系动词：用来表示主语状态，只有 be一词。 例如：He is a student. 他是一名学生。 We are lucky. 我们很幸运。
5）变化系动词：这些系动词表示主语变成什 么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
2) Why are you so happy? ---- Because our team has _______ the game. A. won B. failed C. beat D. lost
• 4. see, watch, look 1) see (v.t.) 表示有意识或无意识地看, 强调 看的结果； 2) watch (v.t.)表示“观看”，侧重看的过程， 如观看电视、比赛、演出等； 3) look (v.i.)表示有意识地看，常与at连用， 强调看的动作。
动词基本分类及系动词用法
北京四中 赵悦
Several Analogy
• Cats to mice is like police to thieves. • Efforts to success is like planting to harvest. • Soul to human being is like ______ to English language.
1) Tony was _____ TV at 10:00 yesterday evening A． looking B. seeing C. reading D. watching 2) Do you ______ my pen? I put it here just now. A. see B. look C. watch D. look at
不及物动词的用法注意：
• 接宾语一定要加介词
• He like listening to the music. √ • He likes listening the music. ×wk.baidu.com
几组重点动词区别
1. reach, arrive, get 表示“到达”时，reach是及物动词，可直 接接宾语； • arrive, get是不及物动词，后面若要带宾语： arrive和介词in / at连用（通常in后接大地 方，at后跟小地方）；get 与to连用。
及物动词的用法注意：
• 不能够单独出现，不加宾语。
• All the students cheered when they knew they won the match. √ • All the students celebrated when they knew they won the match. ×
3. win , beat 1) win 表示“赢得、获胜”，其后须接表示某 种比赛等的名词； 2) 如表示打败了对手，即“赢了某人／队”， 用beat。
1) I’m sure our football team will ______ the team from No. 3 Middle School. A. win B. fail C. lose D. beat
5. raise, rise
1) raise (v.t.) 表示举起； 如raise your hand, raise the flag. 其他意义： 筹集 raise the money 养育 raise the pet 2) rise (v.i.) 表示升起。 The sun is rising from the east.
2) Why are you so happy? ---- Because our team has _______ the game. A. won B. failed C. beat D. lost
1) I’m sure our football team will ______ the team from No. 3 Middle School. A. win B. fail C. lose D. beat
Several Analogy
• Cats to mice is like police to thieves. • Efforts to success is like planting to harvest. verbs to • Soul to human being is like ______ English language.
1) They will _______ Guangzhou tonight. A. arrive B. get C. reach D. go 2) I ________ the station at noon yesterday, but the train has already gone. A. reached at B got C. arrived D. arrived at
• Action verbs are words that express action (ex: give, eat, walk, etc.) or possession (have, own, etc.). 动作性强 •Action verbs can be either transitive (v.t.) or intransitive (v.i.). 及物或不及物
Give me examples of verbs
Examples of verbs
study, like, stand, eat, play, look, see, drink, sleep, run, work
I. Action Verbs (行为动词)
study, like, stand, eat, play, look, see, drink, sleep, run, work
1) Could you tell me how to ______ it in English? A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell 2) He left without ________ goodbye. A. telling B. saying C. speaking D. talking 3) From the way he speaks I can _____ that he is from another city. A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell
4）感官系动词：感官系动词主要有 feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。 This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 注意：此处feel 不是“感觉”， 而是“摸起 来手感…”
2. say, speak, talk, tell
1）say着重说出某句话或某件事情，强调说的内容； He left without saying goodbye. 2）speak强调说某种“语言”、发表演说等； 表示一种说话的能力时，不加宾语。 He is only 11 months, and he can’t speak. 3) talk表示交谈，v.i. 词组：talk to / with sb.； 4) tell表示 “告诉”, vt. 常见搭配： tell the story, tell the truth, tell the secret tell the difference （分辨）
3）表象系动词：用来表示"看起来像"这一概念， 主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad.他看起来很伤心。
其中appear 强调“显得”，有些名不副实之意。 如：He appears young.
1) Could you tell me how to ______ it in English? A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell 2) He left without ________ goodbye. A. telling B. saying C. speaking D. talking 3) From the way he speaks I can _____ that he is from another city. A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell
1) Tony was _____ TV at 10:00 yesterday evening A．looking B. seeing C. reading D. watching 2) Do you ______ my pen? I put it here just now. A. see B. look C. watch D. look at
1) They will _______ Guangzhou tonight. A. arrive B. get C. reach D. go 2) I ________ the station at noon yesterday, but the train has already gone. A. reached at B got C. arrived D. arrived at
2）持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一 种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay。 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 It remains a secret. 此事仍是一个谜。 Everyone wants to stay young. 每个人都想青春永驻。