语法_过去分词作状语

Consolidate:
Much delighted (如此高兴), we decided 1)________________ to stay two more days. Function: _______ Cause
th century Burnt in the 16 2) ___________________________ (十六世纪 烧毁后), the castle was never rebuilt. Time Function: ________
2. 原因状语（cause） Because the boy was greatly touched by his teacher’s words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates. Greatly touched by the teacher’s words… Because he was surprised at what happened, Tom didn’t know what to do. Surprised at what happened…
Please find out the past participles.
1.The stolen _______ bike belongs to Jack. 1.作定语 过 2.The glass is broken. 2.作表语 _______ 去 3.Mary heard her name called a 作宾补 stranger. ______ by 3. 分 4.Influenced ___________ by the events of the late 19th 词 young Coubertin century and his education, 4.作状语 developed a firm belief that sports possessed the power to benefit human beings and courage peace among the nations of the world.
The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.
summary
过去分词作状语
1.过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状 语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。 被动 或______ 完成 的动作,相当 2.过去分词作状语表示_____/ 一个状语从句。 3.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句的主语要保 持一致。
3.If I am given a time machine , I will pay a visit to the future.
Given a time machine, I will pay a visit to the future.
a time machine
3. 条件状语（condition）
2. 不能正确区分doing(现在分词)和 done(过去分词)的用法 (1)______ the progamme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed (2)_______ many times, he still came to school late. A. Having told B. Having been told C. Told D. Being told (3) ____ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. Being lost
如果句子的主语和分词是主动关系, 现在分词 ， 用_______ 句子的主语和分词是被动关系， 过去分词 用_________ 。
1. 从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。 ____ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen 2. 从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。 ____ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen
如：frightened, satisfied, tired, disappointed等。
Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound. Surprised at what had happened, Tom didn’t know what to do.
4. 让步状语（concession） Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. Though warned of the storm… Even if I’m invited, I won’t take part in the party. Even if invited…
1. 时间状语（time） 可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等来强调时间概念。 When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Seen from the hill，the park… Don’t speak until you are spoken to. Don’t speak until spoken to.
重难点辨析（二）：不表被动Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu特殊情况
1，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语 时不表被动而表主语的状态。
lost (迷路); seated (坐); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); dressed in (穿着); hidden (躲); born (出身于);
2，由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具 有此用法。
Grammar
过去分词作状语
The Past Participle as the Adverbial
Combine the two sentences
our future school
1.When our future school is seen from the space, our future school looks like a plate. Seen from the space, our future school looks like a plate.
① 给分词添加自己的主语,构成独立主格结构或改变语态。 ②改为相应的状语从句来表达。 ③用with复合结构等。
如:完成作业后,孩子们出去踢足球了。 Finished their homework, the children went out to play football. ( X )
Their homework finished, the children went out to play football. (独立主格结构)
After finishing their homework, the children went out to play football. (介词+动名词)
★有些含有分词的固定插入语, 其逻辑主语 不要求与主语一致。如: judging from(从…….来判断); generally(frankly/exactly/…./ )speaking 一般地(坦率地/确切地)说; considering(考虑到)……; talking of(说到)….; supposing that(假使)….; seeing that(鉴于)…..等。 如: Considering his health, he was made to stay at home。
Our future schoolbag
2. Because She is surprised at the schoolbag, she turns her head back to find out what happens.
Surprised at the schoolbag ,she turns her head back to find out what happens.
If we were given more time, we could do it much better. Given more time… If it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapor. Heated to a high temperature…
重难点辨析（一）：主语一致 Seeing from the hill, you will find _______ the city looks like a big garden. Seen _______from the hill, the city looks like a big garden.
Moved by his words(被他的话所感动), I 3) ________________ accepted his present. cause Function: _______
Seen from the hill (从山上看), the lake looks 4) _________________ beautiful. Condition/time Function: _______
Taken in time (如果吃地及时) the medicine 5) ______________ will be quite effective. Condition Function: _______
5. 方式、伴随状语 Accompanying action/manner
The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students. The teacher entered the classroom ,followed by a group of students. The teacher stood there and was surrounded by the students.
分词作状语答题记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。 逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。 主语找出后，再来判关系。 主动-ing,被动用-ed。 Having been done 表先后， 千万要牢记。
使用过去分词作状语时容易错的两种情况
1. 忽视了分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是句中主语(或主动或 被动)。如: If heated, _______. A. people can turn water into gas B. one can change ice into water C. ice turns into water D. people get water from ice ★ 若分词主语与句中主语不一致,则可以用其他方法来修正:
Having finished their homework, the children went
out to play football.
(现在分词完成形式)
With their homework finshed, the children went out to play football. (with的复合结构)