学术英语abstract写作.ppt
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共同点:从原文中抽出主题内容,以简练的文字写写 成,只是准确、扼要地表述原文内容,不加以解释或 评论。
以下统称为摘要
Abstract and Summary
Abstract(摘要): 现在的趋势是一篇论文或专 著的摘要,无论是自写还是他写,统称为 abstract,尤其是放在索引资料中一律要用 abstract这个术语,在论文的题目下也一律用 这个词。 Abstract对一篇论文的主要内容以精 炼的文字进行高度概括,使读者不必阅读论文 全文即可迅速了解论文内容。文中只对论文信 息进行浓缩,而不加主观评论或解释,可以脱 离原文而独立成篇。
������ 结构要素残缺:目 的,方法,结果,结论
������ 丧失摘要特点������
独立性、自含性;
– ������ – ������ – ������
准确性、完整性; 学术性、通用性; 简练性、概括性
������ 开头冠以“本人”、 “本试验”、“本研 究”、“笔者”、“作 者”
文摘的文体结构
摘要_应具备的要素 简明扼要(conciseness):去除文献中的次要
材料或辅助细节。 客观公正(objectivity):摘要中不应有原文中
没有的信息资料。 全面完整(completeness):要包括主题思想,
主要资料,结论或建议。
摘要中常见错误
������ 字少、错选:提示 性、报道性、资料性
Writing an Abstract
What is an abstract?
An abstract is a summary of a scientific article or a research paper. It covers the
main points of a piece of writing.
References to the literature must not be cited in the Abstract (except in rare instances, such as modification of a previously published method).
Abstract 中文有二种说法: 文摘—独立存在,单独出版,如SCI、EI、CA等 摘要—与原文在一起
摘要的内容
内容通常包括:
1. 背景知识或文献回顾(Background Information/LΒιβλιοθήκη Baiduterature Review)
2. 研究的主要目的和范围(Principal Purpose) What is the problem to be solved? What has been done? What are the results?
Notes
The Abstract should never give any information or conclusion that is not stated in the paper.
·
The language should be familiar to the potential reader.
1. 研究方法(Methodology) 2. 研究的主要结果(Results) 3. 结论和建议(Conclusions, Recommendation, Implication)
要写好英文摘要,作者必须回答好以下几个问题: 1) 本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?) 2) 解决问题的方法及过程(How I did it?) 3) 主要结果及结论(What results did I get and what conclusions can I draw) 4) 本文的创新、独到之处(What is new and original in this paper?)
of oral presentation skills. This study describes the implementation and
evaluation of an innovative instruction that uses a Student Response what System for peer assessment of oral presentations. A large number of oral
未采用第三人称:
“我们得出”
与标题、引言雷同
分段叙述
摘要的长短
摘要一般不宜过长,多在100~150词左右,更 确切地说,约为原文长度的1%~5%。美国有 些高校规定,硕士论文提要以250词为宜,博 士论文以350词为宜。
一般SCI论文摘要以200~300字为宜。
如何写摘要
·Omit obscure abbreviations.
·Write the paper before you write the abstract.
Sample:
background
Feedback and assessment play an important role in teaching and learning
Note:
Most or all of the Abstract should be written in the past tense, because it refers to work done.
The Abstract should never give any information or conclusion that is not stated in the paper.
presentations were assessed and students’ perceptions and learning
progress concerning the particular instructional approach were
method
investigated. Results showed that the Student Response System was an
以下统称为摘要
Abstract and Summary
Abstract(摘要): 现在的趋势是一篇论文或专 著的摘要,无论是自写还是他写,统称为 abstract,尤其是放在索引资料中一律要用 abstract这个术语,在论文的题目下也一律用 这个词。 Abstract对一篇论文的主要内容以精 炼的文字进行高度概括,使读者不必阅读论文 全文即可迅速了解论文内容。文中只对论文信 息进行浓缩,而不加主观评论或解释,可以脱 离原文而独立成篇。
������ 结构要素残缺:目 的,方法,结果,结论
������ 丧失摘要特点������
独立性、自含性;
– ������ – ������ – ������
准确性、完整性; 学术性、通用性; 简练性、概括性
������ 开头冠以“本人”、 “本试验”、“本研 究”、“笔者”、“作 者”
文摘的文体结构
摘要_应具备的要素 简明扼要(conciseness):去除文献中的次要
材料或辅助细节。 客观公正(objectivity):摘要中不应有原文中
没有的信息资料。 全面完整(completeness):要包括主题思想,
主要资料,结论或建议。
摘要中常见错误
������ 字少、错选:提示 性、报道性、资料性
Writing an Abstract
What is an abstract?
An abstract is a summary of a scientific article or a research paper. It covers the
main points of a piece of writing.
References to the literature must not be cited in the Abstract (except in rare instances, such as modification of a previously published method).
Abstract 中文有二种说法: 文摘—独立存在,单独出版,如SCI、EI、CA等 摘要—与原文在一起
摘要的内容
内容通常包括:
1. 背景知识或文献回顾(Background Information/LΒιβλιοθήκη Baiduterature Review)
2. 研究的主要目的和范围(Principal Purpose) What is the problem to be solved? What has been done? What are the results?
Notes
The Abstract should never give any information or conclusion that is not stated in the paper.
·
The language should be familiar to the potential reader.
1. 研究方法(Methodology) 2. 研究的主要结果(Results) 3. 结论和建议(Conclusions, Recommendation, Implication)
要写好英文摘要,作者必须回答好以下几个问题: 1) 本文的目的或要解决的问题(What I want to do?) 2) 解决问题的方法及过程(How I did it?) 3) 主要结果及结论(What results did I get and what conclusions can I draw) 4) 本文的创新、独到之处(What is new and original in this paper?)
of oral presentation skills. This study describes the implementation and
evaluation of an innovative instruction that uses a Student Response what System for peer assessment of oral presentations. A large number of oral
未采用第三人称:
“我们得出”
与标题、引言雷同
分段叙述
摘要的长短
摘要一般不宜过长,多在100~150词左右,更 确切地说,约为原文长度的1%~5%。美国有 些高校规定,硕士论文提要以250词为宜,博 士论文以350词为宜。
一般SCI论文摘要以200~300字为宜。
如何写摘要
·Omit obscure abbreviations.
·Write the paper before you write the abstract.
Sample:
background
Feedback and assessment play an important role in teaching and learning
Note:
Most or all of the Abstract should be written in the past tense, because it refers to work done.
The Abstract should never give any information or conclusion that is not stated in the paper.
presentations were assessed and students’ perceptions and learning
progress concerning the particular instructional approach were
method
investigated. Results showed that the Student Response System was an