文体学考试复习提纲

文体学考试：

1．文体学几种理论立场主要观点在小说文体学第一章monism dualism pluralism 8 2．布拉格学派代表人物主要思想对文体学的影响胡壮麟的书

3．现实主义现代主义后现代主义小说的特点文体学入门第6章里有114

4.给一段小说，文体实例分析小说文体论第三四章的分析方法

5.给一篇文章分析文体

主要参考书是《小说文体论》和文体学入门》；《小说文体学》一三四章，《文体学入门》第六章。全称是《语言模式：文体学入门》小说文体学就是共享里的style in fiction a linguistic introduction 63（75）-67（80）

82（99）-91（110）104（126）-109（133）

1.理论文体学几种理论立场、主要观点。

1/Dualism: between form and meaning “style as choices of Manner rather than Matter, of Expression rather than Content”; as a “way of writing” or a “mode of expression” originates from Aristotle’s literary theory.

a. Style as the “dress of thought”, claimed by Renaissance and rationalism, makes it some kind of “adornment” of thought or meaning. The Aesthetics of form (parallelism, alliteration…) tends to attract the reader’s attention more than the meaning does, as seen in poetic lines.

b. Style as “manner of expression”, as Richard Ohman put it, “A style is a way of writing” in which “the words on the page might have been different, or differently arranged, without a corresponding difference in substance.

Monism:“It is like body and soul: form and content to me are one”(Flaubert Dec. 12, 1857) originates from Plato’s literary theory. As argued by David Lodge, in Language of Fiction (1966), it is impossible a. to paraphrase literary writing;

b. to translate a literary work;

c. to divorce the general appreciation of a literary work from the appreciation of

its style,

for the inevitable loss of the hidden, metaphorical meaning.

Pluralism: An alternative to both monism and dualism which is in some ways more enlightening than either is the approach which may fittingly be called stylistic Pluralism. It is analyzing style in terms of functions, characterized by Halliday’s three major functions of “ideational”, “interpersonal” and “textual”. According to the pluralist, language performs a number of different functions, and any piece of language is like to be the result of choices made on different functional levels.

2.现代文体学流派：布拉格语言学学派的主要观点、代表人物、著作以及对文体学的影响。

2. Prague School: The Prague School, namely, the Circle of Linguistic of Prague, can be traced back to its first meeting under the leadership of V. Mathesius in 1926. Among its many ideas, there are three points which are special important. First, it was stressed that the synchronic study of language is fully justified as it can draw on complete and controllable material for investigation but no rigid theoretical barrier is erected to separate diachronic study. Second, there was an emphasis on the systemic character of language. Third, language was looked on as functional in another sense, that is, as a tool performing a number of essential functions or tasks for the community using it. The main representative figures of Prague School are Mathesius, Trubetzkoy