弹性及其应用经济学原理曼昆中英文双语
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Elasticity and Its Application 弹性及其应用
Chapter 5
Elasticity . . . 弹性…
u … is a measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions. …是衡量买者和卖者对市场条件变动的 反应大小的指标。 u … allows us to analyze supply and demand with greater precision. …使我们可以更精确地分析供给与需求
Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand
Demand tends to be more elastic :
u if the good is a luxury. u the longer the time period. u the larger the number of close
Percentage Change Price Elasticity of Demand = in Quantity Demanded
Percentage Change in Price
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Price Elasticity of Demand
u Price elasticity of demand is the percentage change in quantity demanded given a percent change in the price.
计算需求价格弹性
用需求量变动的百分比除以价格变动的百 分比来计算需求价格弹性。
需求价格弹性=
需求量变动的百分比 价格变动的百分比
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Computing the Price Elasticity of Demand
Price elasticity of demand Percentage change in quatity demanded Percentage change in price
Example: If the price of an ice cream cone increases from $2.00 to $2.20 and the amount you buy falls from 10 to 8 cones then your elasticity of demand would be calculated as:
(10 8) 100 10
( 2.20 2.00) 100
20 10
percent percent
2
2.00
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
计算需求价格弹性
需求价格弹性
需求量变动的百分比 价格变动的百分比
例子: 如果冰激凌蛋卷的价格从2美元上升到 2.2美元，你的购买量从10个下降到8个，你的 需求价格弹性计算如下：
(10 8) 100 10
substitutes. u the more narrowly defined the market.
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
价格需求弹性的决定因素
需求倾向于富有弹性：
u 如果物品是奢侈品 u 时期更长 u 相近替代品的数量更多 u 市场定义Байду номын сангаас范围更窄
需求的价格弹性
u 需求的价格弹性——价格变化1%引 起的需求量的变化百分比值。
u 它是一种物品的需求量对其价格变动 的反应程度的衡量。
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Computing the Price Elasticity of Demand
The price elasticity of demand is computed as the percentage change in the quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price.
需求价格弹性的决定因素
u Necessities versus Luxuries 必需品与奢侈品
u Availability of Close Substitutes 相近替代品的可获得性
u Definition of the Market 市场的定义 u Time Horizon 时间的长短
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
u It is a measure of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in the price of that good.
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Chapter 5
Elasticity . . . 弹性…
u … is a measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions. …是衡量买者和卖者对市场条件变动的 反应大小的指标。 u … allows us to analyze supply and demand with greater precision. …使我们可以更精确地分析供给与需求
Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand
Demand tends to be more elastic :
u if the good is a luxury. u the longer the time period. u the larger the number of close
Percentage Change Price Elasticity of Demand = in Quantity Demanded
Percentage Change in Price
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Price Elasticity of Demand
u Price elasticity of demand is the percentage change in quantity demanded given a percent change in the price.
计算需求价格弹性
用需求量变动的百分比除以价格变动的百 分比来计算需求价格弹性。
需求价格弹性=
需求量变动的百分比 价格变动的百分比
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Computing the Price Elasticity of Demand
Price elasticity of demand Percentage change in quatity demanded Percentage change in price
Example: If the price of an ice cream cone increases from $2.00 to $2.20 and the amount you buy falls from 10 to 8 cones then your elasticity of demand would be calculated as:
(10 8) 100 10
( 2.20 2.00) 100
20 10
percent percent
2
2.00
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
计算需求价格弹性
需求价格弹性
需求量变动的百分比 价格变动的百分比
例子: 如果冰激凌蛋卷的价格从2美元上升到 2.2美元，你的购买量从10个下降到8个，你的 需求价格弹性计算如下：
(10 8) 100 10
substitutes. u the more narrowly defined the market.
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
价格需求弹性的决定因素
需求倾向于富有弹性：
u 如果物品是奢侈品 u 时期更长 u 相近替代品的数量更多 u 市场定义Байду номын сангаас范围更窄
需求的价格弹性
u 需求的价格弹性——价格变化1%引 起的需求量的变化百分比值。
u 它是一种物品的需求量对其价格变动 的反应程度的衡量。
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Computing the Price Elasticity of Demand
The price elasticity of demand is computed as the percentage change in the quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price.
需求价格弹性的决定因素
u Necessities versus Luxuries 必需品与奢侈品
u Availability of Close Substitutes 相近替代品的可获得性
u Definition of the Market 市场的定义 u Time Horizon 时间的长短
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
u It is a measure of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in the price of that good.
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.