汉英翻译视角转换

补充材料：英汉、汉英翻译技巧：视角转换(Shift of Perspective)

E-C.

1. The University of San Francisco is located near the Golden Gate Park.

（语态的转换）

2. Her parents are both in their seventies.

（表达方式的转换）

3. If children are so well able to learn their mother tongue, it is precisely because they plunge themselves into the sea of language instead of reading a few textbooks only. （条件状语转换成结果状语）

4. You can mass-produce … incredible quantities of facts and figures. You cannot mass-produce knowledge, which is created by individual minds, drawing on individual experience, separating the significant from the irrelevant.

（定语从句转换成原因状语从句）

5. "Coming!" Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the verandah, and into the porch.

（介词转换成动词）

6. Highway and air traffic came to a standstill in most of Eastern Washington.

（名词转换成动词）

7. I believe equally that it is in the interests of the world as a whole that Europe should increasingly unite and speak with a common voice.

（词序调整）

8. Little did I then know the meaning of war and what it was in reality.

（词序调整）

9. It is a good workman that never blunders.

（反说正译）

10. Keep off the lawn!

11.That fellow is far from being honest.

12.Obviously enough, she thinks otherwise.

（正说反译）

13 I was like that ship before education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbor was.

汉译：我在开始受教育之前，就像这样一条船，只是没有罗盘，没有测深绳，也无法知道离海港有多远。

C-E:

视角转换，在汉英翻译中主要表现有两种类型：

1．从与汉语不同的角度传达同样的信息

（1）生活中常用的“看”、“听”、“说”的翻译。

看钟/表

我能看出他的心事。

这东西还看得过去的话，你就买吧。

从他的话音里，我能听出点东西来。

他姓什么，我一时说不上来。

说来话长。

这可真说不过去。

还是把事情说开了好。

（2）在成语的翻译中，不同视角的转换体现在形象的替代上。

牛饮

瓮中之鳖

胆小如鼠

自言自语

开夜车

东张西望

天长地久

鱼米之乡

意在言外

（3）有些情况下进行虚实互换。

他们闹着要吃小马的喜酒

精神食粮

假眼（转虚为实）

Fake adj(only before noun): made to look like a real material or object in order to deceive people

Fake fur

A fake ID card

A fake 20-dollar bill

A fake name

Speak with a fake German accent

A fake smile of friendliness

她往日得了病，茶水也不咽一口。（转实为虚）

（4）习惯说法不一样

你怎么戴这么深度的眼镜？

“要搞特殊化？没门！”

2．与汉语相反的角度传达同样的信息

“安全门”

唯你是问

自学

肤浅

九五折

油漆未干

听电话

红眼

座钟

墙上一个洞

我心里一个沉重的担子放下来了。

哪儿脚痛穿鞋人最清楚。

No one knows where the shoe pinches like the wearer.

留级

倒立

蛙泳

双杠

活字典

内部刊物

应用题

走读生

非处方药

门诊病人

餐具

保暖杯

汗衫

秒表

家谱

隐形眼镜

候机室

美人计

手扶拖拉机

画蛇添足

姐妹篇

成绩报告单