翻译省略法

3).
Your son or your father or your wife or your cousin or your best friend or your boss or your secretary might be informer for Heydrich’s organization. 你的儿子、父亲、妻子、表亲、 好友、上司、秘书，都有可能是 海德里希的组织的告密者。
2).
பைடு நூலகம்
It was with some difficulty that he found the way to his own house.
他费了不少劲才找到回家的路。
（三）省略连词 汉语词与之间连接词用得不多， 其上下逻辑关系常常是暗含的， 有词语的词序来表示。英语则不 然，连接词用得比较多。因此， 英译汉时，很多情况下不必把连 词译出来。
2). But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却 未能改变过来。
like
his friend he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice.

2. 从属连词 英语因果句中，一般用连词表示原因。 而汉语则往往通过词序的先后来表示 因果关系，因在前，果在后。因此， 英译汉时往往可以把原文中这种连接 词省掉不译。
We
knew spring was coming as (because) we had seen a robin.
我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道

2). He considered National Security Council too large and bulky and thus too leaky, too many people who talked too much. 他认为国家安全委员会机构太庞大，人多嘴 杂，容易泄密。
春天快要到了。
３、表示条件的连词

1). If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ 2). If I had known it, I would not have joined in it. 早知如此，我就不参加了。

3).
If you give him an inch, he will take a mile.
他这个人得寸进尺。
4. 表示时间的连词
表示时间关系的连词如：when,
as while 等，汉译时一般用“当……时” 或仅用“时”。但如汉语时间先后 次序明显，为了简洁起见，这些词 可以省略。

1).
The
Practice
1.
we have 7 days in a week.
一个星期有7天
If
you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.

2). He
（四）省略冠词
英语有冠词，汉语没有冠词；因
此英译汉时往往可将冠词省略。 如：
1）A
teacher should have patience in his work. 当教员的应当有耐心。
2)
The horse is a useful animal. 马是有益的动物。
3）Any
象他的朋友一样，虽然它由头脑
里有很多美妙的想法，却只有少 数付诸实践。
2. 泛指人称代词

1). We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
2). You can never tell. 很难说

作宾语的代词 英语中有些作宾语的代词，不管前 面是否提到过，翻译时往往可以省 略。 1). The more he tried to hide his lies, the more he revealed them. 他越是要掩盖他撒下的弥天大谎， 就越是会露馅。
她顺着黑暗的街道走去，显出利落匀称 的身材，迈着端庄的女人步子。
3).
I hope you will enjoy your stay here. 希望您在这儿过得愉快。 4). He shrugged his shoulder, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. 他耸耸肩，摇摇头，两眼看天， 一句话也不说。
报考大学的人，有工作经验的 优先录取。



Instead of one old woman knocking me about and starving me, everybody of all ages knocked me about and starved me. 那时打我并且使我挨饿的不只 是一个老太婆，而是老老少少 各式各样的人。
1. 并列连词。
1). Despite the privation, and the mounting toll of dead and wounded, however, morale remained intact, and people still smile in the street. 尽管供应不足，伤亡增加，然而士气并未受 到影响。街上，人们照常脸有笑容。


3).
It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden gate.
她关上园门时，已是暮色
苍茫了。
2. 强调句中的it。 1). It was only then that I began to have doubts whether my story would ever be told. 只是在这个时候，我才开始怀疑，我 的经历究竟能不能公诸于众呢！
第三章
第五节、省略法
省略是指原文中有些词在译文中
不译出来，因为译文中虽无其词 而已有其意，或者在译文中是不 言而喻的。换言之，省略就是删 去一些可有可无的，或者有了反 而嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的 词。但省略不是把原文的某些内 容删去。一般是为了语法或修辞 的需要。
一、 从语法角度来看
（一） 省略代词
2）Egbert
said he was getting a dollar a mile. 埃格伯特说，他（开车）每开一 英里就赚一块钱。
（五）、省略介词
一般来说，表示时间和地点的英
语介词，译成汉语出现在句首， 大都可以省略，出现在句尾的都 有省略。

In July ,1956, Egypt had seized the Suez Canal.
When at last he stood upon the bluff, he turned to his little sister and looked upon her sorrowfully.
最后他站到了悬崖上，转过身来，
忧郁地看着她的妹妹。
stood there, handsome, reserved—somehow those four stars seemed visible even when he was in civvies. 他站在那里，英俊而矜持，虽然身 着便服，但那上将的四颗星仍似乎 隐约可见。（但人们仍然可感觉得 出他那上将的威严）。
substance is made of a atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas. 任何物质，不论是固体、液体或 气体，都由原子组成
英译汉时省略原文中的冠词是
一般情况。但在某些场合，冠 词却不能省略，例如：
1）He
left without saying a word. 他一句话说就走了。
3.
花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是 吃不了的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗 绸缎，花不完的金银财宝。 garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than could be consumed and more money than could be spent.
一九五六年七月，埃及占领了 苏伊士运河。

Smoking
is prohibited in public places.
公共场所不准吸烟。
二、从修辞角度来看
英语句子中有些短语重复出现，
英译汉时可按情况作适当省略。
1.
University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not .
A proton has a positive charge and an electron a negative charge, bat a neutron has neither.
匪军所至，杀戮人民，奸淫妇女，
焚毁村庄，掠夺财物，无所不用其 极。
Wherever
they (the bandit troops) went, they massacred and raped, burned and looted, and stopped at nothing.
（二）省略非人称代词it 或 强调句中的it 1. 非人称代词it


1). Outside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 2). He glance at his watch; it was 7:15. 他一看表，是七点一刻了。
打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王
The
true joy of joys is the joy that joys in the joy of others.
与人同乐才是真乐
Never
trouble yourself with trouble till trouble troubles you.
不要自寻麻烦
1．作主语的人称代词
汉语习惯：前一句话出现一个主语，后一句 话如仍为同一主语，就不必重复出现。 英语习惯：通常每一句话都有主语，人称代 词作主语往往多次出现。

1). He
was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
3.
4. 物主代词 英语中的物主代词，汉译时往往可 以省略 1). I wash my face in the morning. 我早上洗脸。 我早上洗我的脸。
2).
She went, with her neat figure, and her sober womanly step, down the dark street.
2).
Peter has always enjoyed claiming that it was he and not George, who was the first to reach the summit of the mountain. 彼得一直津津乐道的是，第一个到 达山顶的实际上并不是乔治，而是 他自己。
根据汉语习惯，译文中可以 省略一些可有可无的词。
There
was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.
天未下雪，但叶落草枯。
汉译英时的省略
1.
质子带正电，电子带负电，而中 子既不带正电，也不带负电。