汽车四缸汽油机的曲柄连杆机构设计

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I

摘 要

本文以捷达EA113汽油机的相关参数作为参考，对四缸汽油机的曲柄连杆机构的

主要零部件进行了结构设计计算，并对曲柄连杆机构进行了有关运动学和动力学的理论分析与计算机仿真分析。

首先，以运动学和动力学的理论知识为依据，对曲柄连杆机构的运动规律以及在

运动中的受力等问题进行详尽的分析，并得到了精确的分析结果。其次分别对活塞组、连杆组以及曲轴进行详细的结构设计，并进行了结构强度和刚度的校核。再次，应用三维CAD 软件：Pro/Engineer 建立了曲柄连杆机构各零部件的几何模型，在此工作的基础上，利用Pro/E 软件的装配功能，将曲柄连杆机构的各组成零件装配成活塞组件、连杆组件和曲轴组件，然后利用Pro/E 软件的机构分析模块(Pro/Mechanism)，建立曲柄连杆机构的多刚体动力学模型，进行运动学分析和动力学分析模拟，研究了在不考虑外力作用并使曲轴保持匀速转动的情况下，活塞和连杆的运动规律以及曲柄连杆机构的运动包络。仿真结果的分析表明，仿真结果与发动机的实际工作状况基本一致，文章介绍的仿真方法为曲柄连杆机构的选型、优化设计提供了一种新思路。

关键词：发动机；曲柄连杆机构；受力分析；仿真建模；运动分析；

Pro/E

本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩

ABSTRACT

This article refers to by the Jeeta EA113 gasoline engine’s related parameter achievement, it has carried on the structural design compution for main parts of the crank link mechanism in the gasoline engine with four cylinders, and has carried on theoretical analysis and simulation analysis in computer in kinematics and dynamics for the crank link mechanism.

First, motion laws and stress in movement about the crank link mechanism are analyzed in detail and the precise analysis results are obtained. Next separately to the piston group, the linkage as well as the crank carries on the detailed structural design, and has carried on the structural strength and the rigidity examination. Once more, applys three-dimensional CAD software Pro/Engineer establishing the geometry models of all kinds of parts in the crank link mechanism, then useing the Pro/E software assembling function assembles the components of crank link into the piston module, the connecting rod module and the crank module, then using Pro/E software mechanism analysis module (Pro/Mechanism), establishes the multi-rigid dynamics model of the crank link, and carries on the kinematics analysis and the dynamics analysis simulation, and it studies the piston and the connecting rod movement rule as well as crank link motion gear movement envelopment. The analysis of simulation results shows that those simulation results are meet to true working state of engine. It also shows that the simulation method introduced here can offer a new efficient and convenient way for the mechanism choosing and optimized design of crank-connecting rod mechanism in engine.

Key words: Engine；Crankshaft-Connecting Rod Mechanism；Analysis of Force；Modeling of Simulation；Movement Analysis；Pro/E

II

本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩

目录

摘要.........................................................................................................................................I Abstract ................................................................................................................................ II 第1章绪论 .. (1)

1.1 选题的目的和意义 (1)

1.2 国内外的研究现状 (1)

1.3 设计研究的主要内容 (3)

第2章曲柄连杆机构受力分析 (4)

2.1 曲柄连杆机构的类型及方案选择 (4)

2.2 曲柄连杆机构运动学 (4)

2.1.1 活塞位移 (5)

2.1.2 活塞的速度 (6)

2.1.3 活塞的加速度 (6)

2.2 曲柄连杆机构中的作用力 (7)

2.2.1 气缸内工质的作用力 (7)

2.2.2 机构的惯性力 (7)

2.3 本章小结 (14)

第3章活塞组的设计 (15)

3.1 活塞的设计 (15)

3.1.1 活塞的工作条件和设计要求 (15)

3.1.2 活塞的材料 (16)

3.1.3 活塞头部的设计 (16)

3.1.4 活塞裙部的设计 (21)

3.2 活塞销的设计 (23)

3.2.1 活塞销的结构、材料 (23)

3.2.2 活塞销强度和刚度计算 (23)

3.3 活塞销座 (24)

3.3.1 活塞销座结构设计 (24)