英语演讲的艺术weekthree
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• Topic: the subject of a speech. • First step in speechmaking. • The topic is determined by: occasion, audience, speaker’s qualifications.
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Two Broad Categories of Topics
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Clustering 聚类法
• Take a sheet of paper and divide it into nine columns as follows: People, Places, Things, Events, Processes, Concepts, Natural Phenomenon, Problems, Plans and Policies. • List in each column the first four or five items that come to mind. Result:
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• People: my family; Mao Zedong; Yang Liwei; Guo Jingjing. • Places: my hometown; my province; Three Gorges; Dujiangyan. • Things: cell phones; MP3; movies; cartoons. • Events: graduation; marriage; Olympic Games; World Cup.
• Subjects you know a lot about. • Subjects you want to know more about.
5
Topics You Know a Lot About
• Most people speak best about subjects with which they are most familiar. • Think a topic, draw on your own knowledge and experience. • Here are a few examples of topics based on your personal knowledge:
6
1. How to Have a Successful Job Interview 2. Changchun: The Movie City of China 3. A Tour of Nanhu Lake 4. Migraine Headache: You Can Live With It
7
Topics You Want to Know More About
8
Nationቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱl or international concerns such as global warming, media violence, or stock-market regulations. • Avoid political topics.
9
Brainstorming for Topics
• Make your speech a learning experience. • A subject about which you already have some knowledge or expertise but not enough to prepare a speech without doing additional research. • Want to explore for the first time. • Subjects about which you hold strong opinions and beliefs, such as:
Selecting a Topic and a Purpose
1
A sample of the topics:
• • • • • • • • • • • • • Acupuncture 针灸 Breast cancer Computer Du Fu Environment Free trade Genetic engineering Hainan island Internet fraud Jade Kites Leonardo da Vinci Mount Tai • • • • • • • • • • • • • Neo-Confucianism Olympic Math Peking Opera Qiu Jin Robots Study abroad Temple of Heaven United Nations Volunteering Women’s gymnastics Xuankong Si Yoga Zoos
10
Personal Inventory 盘点法
• Make a quick inventory of your experiences, interests, hobbies, skills, beliefs, and so forth. • Jot down anything that comes to mind. • From this list may come a general subject area out of which you can fashion a specific topic.
• Brainstorming: a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas. • Procedures: 1. Personal inventory 2. Clustering 3. Internet search
2
• This array of topics is from A to Z. • It just happened naturally. • There’re literally endless possibilities for speech topics-from A to Z.
3
Choosing a Topic
4
Two Broad Categories of Topics
11
Clustering 聚类法
• Take a sheet of paper and divide it into nine columns as follows: People, Places, Things, Events, Processes, Concepts, Natural Phenomenon, Problems, Plans and Policies. • List in each column the first four or five items that come to mind. Result:
12
• People: my family; Mao Zedong; Yang Liwei; Guo Jingjing. • Places: my hometown; my province; Three Gorges; Dujiangyan. • Things: cell phones; MP3; movies; cartoons. • Events: graduation; marriage; Olympic Games; World Cup.
• Subjects you know a lot about. • Subjects you want to know more about.
5
Topics You Know a Lot About
• Most people speak best about subjects with which they are most familiar. • Think a topic, draw on your own knowledge and experience. • Here are a few examples of topics based on your personal knowledge:
6
1. How to Have a Successful Job Interview 2. Changchun: The Movie City of China 3. A Tour of Nanhu Lake 4. Migraine Headache: You Can Live With It
7
Topics You Want to Know More About
8
Nationቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱl or international concerns such as global warming, media violence, or stock-market regulations. • Avoid political topics.
9
Brainstorming for Topics
• Make your speech a learning experience. • A subject about which you already have some knowledge or expertise but not enough to prepare a speech without doing additional research. • Want to explore for the first time. • Subjects about which you hold strong opinions and beliefs, such as:
Selecting a Topic and a Purpose
1
A sample of the topics:
• • • • • • • • • • • • • Acupuncture 针灸 Breast cancer Computer Du Fu Environment Free trade Genetic engineering Hainan island Internet fraud Jade Kites Leonardo da Vinci Mount Tai • • • • • • • • • • • • • Neo-Confucianism Olympic Math Peking Opera Qiu Jin Robots Study abroad Temple of Heaven United Nations Volunteering Women’s gymnastics Xuankong Si Yoga Zoos
10
Personal Inventory 盘点法
• Make a quick inventory of your experiences, interests, hobbies, skills, beliefs, and so forth. • Jot down anything that comes to mind. • From this list may come a general subject area out of which you can fashion a specific topic.
• Brainstorming: a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas. • Procedures: 1. Personal inventory 2. Clustering 3. Internet search
2
• This array of topics is from A to Z. • It just happened naturally. • There’re literally endless possibilities for speech topics-from A to Z.
3
Choosing a Topic