陆空通话教程第七章着陆及着陆后

第章

7

Landing and After

Landing

Lesson 14: Traffic Circuit

•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的起落航线程序

•重点难点: 起落航线

holding pattern (stack), concentric circle, blip; range mark, compass rose, dotted (solid) line; radio-navigation reference point, resolution; alphanumeric display, wind-down, SSR, PSR, ASR; check in, sign in, stand-in, payload,;

ride a jet stream, great circle, sonic boom;

the rate of fuel consumption;

alternate airport, VIP, CIP, APU, ATIS;

flight dispatch office,;

emergency equipment and procedure;

课文相关知识：

1）

Heavy（重型机）: more than or equal 136 tons Medium（中型机）: between 7001 and 139555 kgs Light （轻型机）: less than or equal 7 tons

2）影响飞机着陆的因素：

Wind, RWY conditions, weight, (temperature,QNH)---less important

3) 起落航线

Upwind：一边, 离场边, 起飞；

Crosswind：二边, 侧风边, 此时飞行航迹线与跑道垂直并大体与风向交叉, 90度转弯, 出航；

Downwind：三边, 下风边, 与跑道平行, 并沿着与着陆航向相反的方向飞行, 顺风飞行, 巡航；

Base：四边, 基线边, 降落的过渡部分, 开始下降高度, 进场；Final：五边

起落航线飞行

1) 在起落航线上

a. （在起落航线上的位置，如三边（或五边））

Jinan tower, CSN3392, downwind.

b. 跟在（机型和位置）后面，第……个落地〔如有要求附加

指令〕

CSN 3392, Luoyang Tower, number 2, follow B757 on final.

2) 加入起落航线

a.准备落地

Luoyang Tower, CSN3392, 747, final 450 meters for landing.

b.加入

CSN 3308, Wuhan Tower, join left downwind, runway 22, wind 210,

12 meters per second, temperature 32, QNH1010.

c.直线进近

CSN 3308, Wuhan Tower, make straight-in approach, runway 22, wind 210, 12 meters per second, temperature 32, QNH1010. d.准备落地

Wuhan Tower, CSN 3308, B777, estimate VYK 02, 5400 meters maintaining, information C, for landing.

ILS:

CAT I: V.V---200ft; RVR---800m

(manual approach)

CAT II: V.V---100ft; RVR---400m

(automatic approach, manual landing) CAT III: V.V---0ft; RVR---200m (A)

---50m (B)

---0m (C)

(automatic landing)

* 课文讲解

1) make one orbit right 右转一圈

2) make short approach 做小航线

3) circle to land 盘旋着陆

4) circuit height 起落航线高度

5) maneuvering right and left for spacing 左右做机动腾

间隔

* 练习

Exercise III: Dictation

1. Make a right hand orbit and report downwind.

2. Traffic on straight in approach on 8 miles final.

3. Make short approach QNH 1015.

4. Join downwind No. 2 follow the DC-10 on base.

5. Extend downwind until 15.

•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的复飞和本场训练程序

•重点难点: 复飞, 本场训练

Possible reasons for missed approach:

1.Poor visibility

2.Blocked runway

3.Bad approach (altitude too high or low, wheels not

down.. )

4.Too close to preceding aircraft

5.Strong cross wind

6.Bad weather (heavy rain, snow, hail storm…)

7.Runway lighting failure

…