管理信息系统第一章
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12
Information Resource
Information is often aggregated data that has meaning such as average age, youngest and oldest customer, and a histogram of customer ages
Chapter Organization
1.
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Management Information Systems
Learning Outcome #1
2.
Porter’s Five Forces Model
Learning Outcome #2
3.
Porter’s Three Generic Strategies
2
Introduction
You live in a digital age Technology touches your personal life every day
Average American relies on more than 250 computers per day
Digital technologies have dramatically altered the competitive landscape of business
45 of the 2008 Fortune 500 companies were IT companies Dell Computer is one of them – it was started in 1984 and now has 65,000 employees worldwide.
Chapter 1 The Information Age in Which You Live: Changing the Face of Business
1
Student Learning Outcomes
1. Describe MIS and the 3 important organizational resources within it – people, information, and IT. 2. Describe how to use Porter’s Five Forces Model to evaluate the relative attractiveness of an industry. 3. Compare and contrast Porter’s 3 generic strategies, top line versus bottom line, and the run-grow-transform framework for developing business strategy. 4. Describe the role of value-chain analysis for identifying value-added and -reducing processes.
20
19
Information Resource – Flows of Information Within an Organization
Upward – describes state of the organization based on daily transactions Downward – strategies, goals, and directives that originate at a higher level and are passed to lower levels Horizontal – between functional business units and work teams Outward/inward – from and to customers, suppliers, distributors, and other partners
Learning Outcome #3
4.
Value-Chain Analysis
Learning Outcome #4
8
Management Information Systems
Management Information Systems, MIS
Planning for, development, management, and use of IT tools to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and management
Location
17
Information Resource – Quality Attributes
Form
In a form that is most useful to you - audio, text, animation, etc. Free of errors Does it come from a credible form?
Information 2. People 3. Information technology
1.
People use information technology to work with information
10
Information Resource
Intellectual asset hierarchy
4
Introduction
This course (called management information
systems or MIS) focusing specially on
How organizations can use technology to increase profit, expand market share, serve the needs of society, eliminate time and location boundaries, etc.
Your age – a piece of data
13
Information Resource
Business intelligence (BI) – collective information about…
Customers Competitors Business partners Competitive environment
3
Introduction
When thinking of acquisition and use of technology, business ask such question as
Can this technology help lower the cost? Can this technology enable us to reach larger markets? Can this technology enable us to innovate our business operations and move into completely new markets?
Validity
Lack of any of the above can create GIGO (garbage-in, garbage-out) in a decisionmaking process
18
Information Resource – Organizational Perspective
Management information systems is a business function vitally important to the success of your organization.
9
Management Information Systems
Three key resources in MIS
1. Assess state of competition and industry pressures affecting your organization 2. Determine business strategies to address competitive and industry pressures 3. Identify business processes to support your chosen business strategies 4. Align technology tools with those business processes NEVER DO THIS IN REVERSE!! 7
1.
16
Information Resource – Quality Attributes
Timeliness
Accessible when you need it Describing the right time period you’re considering Accessible no matter where you are
Through the textbook chapters
How you - as an individual – can use technology to increase your productivity
Through extended learning modules
5
Business Must Drive Technology
6
Business Must Drive Technology
Starting with the bigger view of the industry and refine your analysis until you arrive at the technologies, following the steps as:
Data Information business intelligence knowledge
11
Information Resource
Data – raw facts that describe a particular phenomenon
the current temperature the price of movie rental or your age
Information – data that have a particular meaning within a specific context
The current temperature becomes information if you’re deciding what to wear
15
Information Resource
Knowledge – broad term that can describe many things…
Contextual explanation for business intelligence 2. Actions to take to affect business intelligence 3. Intellectual assets such as patents and trademarks 4. Organizational know-how for things such as best practices
BI is information on steroids BI can help you make important, strategic decisions
14
Information Resource
BI often combines multiple sets of information – customers, salespeople, and purchases in this case.
Information Resource
Information is often aggregated data that has meaning such as average age, youngest and oldest customer, and a histogram of customer ages
Chapter Organization
1.
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Management Information Systems
Learning Outcome #1
2.
Porter’s Five Forces Model
Learning Outcome #2
3.
Porter’s Three Generic Strategies
2
Introduction
You live in a digital age Technology touches your personal life every day
Average American relies on more than 250 computers per day
Digital technologies have dramatically altered the competitive landscape of business
45 of the 2008 Fortune 500 companies were IT companies Dell Computer is one of them – it was started in 1984 and now has 65,000 employees worldwide.
Chapter 1 The Information Age in Which You Live: Changing the Face of Business
1
Student Learning Outcomes
1. Describe MIS and the 3 important organizational resources within it – people, information, and IT. 2. Describe how to use Porter’s Five Forces Model to evaluate the relative attractiveness of an industry. 3. Compare and contrast Porter’s 3 generic strategies, top line versus bottom line, and the run-grow-transform framework for developing business strategy. 4. Describe the role of value-chain analysis for identifying value-added and -reducing processes.
20
19
Information Resource – Flows of Information Within an Organization
Upward – describes state of the organization based on daily transactions Downward – strategies, goals, and directives that originate at a higher level and are passed to lower levels Horizontal – between functional business units and work teams Outward/inward – from and to customers, suppliers, distributors, and other partners
Learning Outcome #3
4.
Value-Chain Analysis
Learning Outcome #4
8
Management Information Systems
Management Information Systems, MIS
Planning for, development, management, and use of IT tools to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and management
Location
17
Information Resource – Quality Attributes
Form
In a form that is most useful to you - audio, text, animation, etc. Free of errors Does it come from a credible form?
Information 2. People 3. Information technology
1.
People use information technology to work with information
10
Information Resource
Intellectual asset hierarchy
4
Introduction
This course (called management information
systems or MIS) focusing specially on
How organizations can use technology to increase profit, expand market share, serve the needs of society, eliminate time and location boundaries, etc.
Your age – a piece of data
13
Information Resource
Business intelligence (BI) – collective information about…
Customers Competitors Business partners Competitive environment
3
Introduction
When thinking of acquisition and use of technology, business ask such question as
Can this technology help lower the cost? Can this technology enable us to reach larger markets? Can this technology enable us to innovate our business operations and move into completely new markets?
Validity
Lack of any of the above can create GIGO (garbage-in, garbage-out) in a decisionmaking process
18
Information Resource – Organizational Perspective
Management information systems is a business function vitally important to the success of your organization.
9
Management Information Systems
Three key resources in MIS
1. Assess state of competition and industry pressures affecting your organization 2. Determine business strategies to address competitive and industry pressures 3. Identify business processes to support your chosen business strategies 4. Align technology tools with those business processes NEVER DO THIS IN REVERSE!! 7
1.
16
Information Resource – Quality Attributes
Timeliness
Accessible when you need it Describing the right time period you’re considering Accessible no matter where you are
Through the textbook chapters
How you - as an individual – can use technology to increase your productivity
Through extended learning modules
5
Business Must Drive Technology
6
Business Must Drive Technology
Starting with the bigger view of the industry and refine your analysis until you arrive at the technologies, following the steps as:
Data Information business intelligence knowledge
11
Information Resource
Data – raw facts that describe a particular phenomenon
the current temperature the price of movie rental or your age
Information – data that have a particular meaning within a specific context
The current temperature becomes information if you’re deciding what to wear
15
Information Resource
Knowledge – broad term that can describe many things…
Contextual explanation for business intelligence 2. Actions to take to affect business intelligence 3. Intellectual assets such as patents and trademarks 4. Organizational know-how for things such as best practices
BI is information on steroids BI can help you make important, strategic decisions
14
Information Resource
BI often combines multiple sets of information – customers, salespeople, and purchases in this case.