英语无灵主语句

英语无灵主语句与英汉思维特征对比

2.

English sentences with inanimate subjects are a typical sentence pattern in formal written English.

英语无灵主语句是英语正式书面语中的一种典型句型。

3.

On Chinese-translation Characteristics from the Structure of English Sentences with Inanimate Subjects;

从英语无灵主语句的结构看其汉译特征

4.

The Mechanisms and Forms of English Sentenses with Inanimate Subjects Revisited;

英语无灵主语句的生成机制与表现形式再探

5.

Strategies and methods of translating English sentences with inanimate subjects into Chinese;

英语无灵主语句的汉译策略与方法探索

6.

English sentences with inanimate subjects( ESWIS) are a kind of common and typical sentence pattern and a unique language phenomenon in English written texts.

英语无灵主语句是英语书面语中常见的一种典型句型和独特语言现象。

7.

Previous studies in translating English sentences with inanimate subjects into Chinese are mostly guided by the domestication strategy and chiefly explore effective liberal translating methods.

英语无灵主语句这种独特句型的汉译,已有的研究大都在归化策略指导下探寻可行的意译方法。

8.

Syntactic comparison and translation of English inanimate sentences and Chinese animate sentences;

英语无灵句与汉语有灵句的句法对比及翻译

9.

A Probe into the features of Animate and Inanimate Sentence Structures in Chinese and English; 汉英有灵句与无灵句言语方法对比研究

10.

The Rules of Chinese Sentences with Animate Subjects Transforming to English Sentences with Inanimate Subjects and Explanation of its Contributing Factors;

汉语有灵句向英语无灵句的转换规律及成因阐释

11.

A Study of Animacy and Translation in MESIS;

英语隐喻性无灵句:生命特征与汉译策略

12.

Comparison of English Notional Passive Sentence and Chinese Patient-as-the-subject Sentence;

英语意义被动句与汉语受事主语句的比较

13.

It" is an empty subject with no meaning. Its existence is only because an English sentence must contain a subject and a predicate.

是虚主语。无意义，它的存在只是因为英语句子必须含有一个主语和一个谓语动词。

14.

On English Verbless Clause and Double Predicate;

论英语无动词分句与双重谓语之异同

15.

On English Verbless Clause and Its Chinese Translation;

论英语语篇中的无动词小句及其汉译

16.

Contrastive Analysis on Active-Passive Transformation of Double Objects Sentences from English, Chinese and Korean;

英语、汉语、朝鲜语双宾语句主动——被动转换对比

17.

Discussion on the Similarity between Chinese and English in the Components of Sentences Subjects;

试论中英句子主语对语类选择的共性

18.

A discussion of Subject Deletion in Tag-question;

小议英语反意疑问句中主语省略问题

英语和汉语里都有无灵主语，但英语用的多，汉语用的少。这一用法差异应该和中西文化的差异有关。中国文化强调主客同构，西方文化强调主客对立。汉语即便说到事物，也总要和人拉上关系，从人的立场上来说它。英语即便说到人，甚至是说到自己，也往往会把他推到客体的位置，自己好像置身事外似的冷眼旁观。所以，英语能用无灵主语就不用有灵主语，汉语正相反，能用有灵主语就不用无灵主语。

英语的无灵主语句可分为两类。一类是纯粹描写事物，一点“人气”也没有。另一类描写的是人，但偏不用人作主语，甚至把人“排挤”到很不重要的位置。这里不说第一类，只说说第二类。这一类的句子一般有两种翻译方法。较常用的是将其转换为汉语的有灵主语句，另一种是仍然保留无灵主语。用哪一种方法，只能视情况而定。如果两种方法都能用，那就尽量转换成有灵主语句。

英语的无灵主语句看似简单，实际上想译得地道却不太容易。另外顺便一提，我发现英语无灵主语句的掌握是中国学生的一个薄弱环节，多数人都用不好，主要是缺乏意识。有的学生写记叙文只会用“I”、“He”、“They”等人称代词作主语，无灵主语句基本不会用，这样写出来的只能是披着英语外衣的汉语，离地道的英语差得远。可以这么说，能否熟练使用英语的无灵主语句，是英语是否成熟的一个重要标志。要译好无灵主语句，自己要首先掌握好无灵主语句。自己都掌握不好，想译好是很困难的。

今天先出几个简单的句子。

例一：The boxer’s experience told in his f avor.

例二：The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.

例三：Jane’s kindly and gentle nature could not but revolt at her sister’s callous behavior.

例四：His reading inspired him.

例五：Fortune smiled on him.

例六：Aimlessness and failure marked Hitler’s early l ife.

例七：Childhood dear ly loves a tale; for its simple heart finds the way out of a reality it does not understand by contriving a world of make-believe.