英汉互译增译法及省译法解析
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他吃了 点东西，喝了点酒，因为他疲惫不堪了。
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4). That black jacket is indeed cheap and fine.
那件黑夹克真是价廉物美。 5). He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair. 他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。 6). A new kind of car—small, cheap—is attracting increasing attention. 一种新型轿车正越来越引起人们的注意——这种轿车 体积小，价钱便宜。
3
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2. 增加形容词或副词
1). With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism!
中国人民正以多么高的热情建设社会主义啊！ 2). The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。
3). As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。
7
Fra Baidu bibliotek
[<]
8). His arrogance made everyone dislike him. 他的傲慢态度使谁也不喜欢他。 9). After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco. 一切准备工作就绪以后， 飞机就飞越美国去了旧金山。 由例8 、9可以看出， 某些动词或形容词派生来的 抽象名词，翻译时可以根据上下文在其后面增添适当 的名词，使译文更符合规范。 又如：
8
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to persuade 说服 persuasion说服工作 to prepare 准备 preparation准备工作 backward 落后 backwardness落后状态 tense 紧张 tension紧张局势 arrogant 自满 arrogance自满情绪 mad 疯狂 madness 疯狂行为 antagonistic敌对 antagonism 敌对态度
meaning to the original.
1
There are two kinds: 1)Words for syntactic
construction—to secure correctness, 2)Words supplied for semantic completion—to secure
5
[<]
3. 增加名词
1). First you borrow, then you beg.
头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。 2). Mary washed for a living after her husband died of cancer. 玛丽的丈夫癌症去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。
3). He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.
[<]
3.3 Amplification (增译法)
By amplification we mean supplying necessary
words in our translation work so as to make the version
correct and clear, to make it more like the language translated into. Of course words thus supplied must be indispensable either syntactically or semantically. In other words, a translator is not supposed to add any
4
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4). She lingered long over his letter.
她反反复复地回味着他的来信。 5). In the films of those days, all too often it was the same one: boy tractor driver meets girl tractor driver; they fall in love and drive tractor together. 在那时候的电影里，总是老一套：男拖拉机手和女拖 拉机手始而相遇，继而相爱，终而并肩开拖拉机了。
clearness. Both aim at making the version
expressive and readily understood by the reader.
2
[<]
1、增加动词
1). Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记（写作）使人准确。 2) . We don’t regret, we never have and never will. 我们不会后悔，我们从来没有后悔过，我们将来也不会 后悔。 3). After the basketball, he still has an important conference. 看完篮球比赛之后，他还有一个重要会议要参加。
9
[<]
4. 增加代词
1). 小不忍则乱大谋。 If one is not patient in small thing, one will never be able to control great ventures. 2). 交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的 地方，这样你才能把工作做好。（钟述孔《英汉翻译 手册》） Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only thus can you do your work well. (Zhong Shukong, A Handbook of 10 Translation)
6
[<]
4). That black jacket is indeed cheap and fine.
那件黑夹克真是价廉物美。 5). He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair. 他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。 6). A new kind of car—small, cheap—is attracting increasing attention. 一种新型轿车正越来越引起人们的注意——这种轿车 体积小，价钱便宜。
3
[<]
2. 增加形容词或副词
1). With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism!
中国人民正以多么高的热情建设社会主义啊！ 2). The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。
3). As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。
7
Fra Baidu bibliotek
[<]
8). His arrogance made everyone dislike him. 他的傲慢态度使谁也不喜欢他。 9). After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco. 一切准备工作就绪以后， 飞机就飞越美国去了旧金山。 由例8 、9可以看出， 某些动词或形容词派生来的 抽象名词，翻译时可以根据上下文在其后面增添适当 的名词，使译文更符合规范。 又如：
8
[<]
to persuade 说服 persuasion说服工作 to prepare 准备 preparation准备工作 backward 落后 backwardness落后状态 tense 紧张 tension紧张局势 arrogant 自满 arrogance自满情绪 mad 疯狂 madness 疯狂行为 antagonistic敌对 antagonism 敌对态度
meaning to the original.
1
There are two kinds: 1)Words for syntactic
construction—to secure correctness, 2)Words supplied for semantic completion—to secure
5
[<]
3. 增加名词
1). First you borrow, then you beg.
头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。 2). Mary washed for a living after her husband died of cancer. 玛丽的丈夫癌症去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。
3). He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.
[<]
3.3 Amplification (增译法)
By amplification we mean supplying necessary
words in our translation work so as to make the version
correct and clear, to make it more like the language translated into. Of course words thus supplied must be indispensable either syntactically or semantically. In other words, a translator is not supposed to add any
4
[<]
4). She lingered long over his letter.
她反反复复地回味着他的来信。 5). In the films of those days, all too often it was the same one: boy tractor driver meets girl tractor driver; they fall in love and drive tractor together. 在那时候的电影里，总是老一套：男拖拉机手和女拖 拉机手始而相遇，继而相爱，终而并肩开拖拉机了。
clearness. Both aim at making the version
expressive and readily understood by the reader.
2
[<]
1、增加动词
1). Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记（写作）使人准确。 2) . We don’t regret, we never have and never will. 我们不会后悔，我们从来没有后悔过，我们将来也不会 后悔。 3). After the basketball, he still has an important conference. 看完篮球比赛之后，他还有一个重要会议要参加。
9
[<]
4. 增加代词
1). 小不忍则乱大谋。 If one is not patient in small thing, one will never be able to control great ventures. 2). 交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的 地方，这样你才能把工作做好。（钟述孔《英汉翻译 手册》） Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only thus can you do your work well. (Zhong Shukong, A Handbook of 10 Translation)