系统解剖学PPT课件---肌学
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Inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带 lacunar ligament 腔隙韧带 pectineal ligament 耻骨梳韧带 superficial inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环
inguinal ligament superficial inguinal ring
pectineal ligament
The anterior group
1. the suprahyoid muscles
digastric
二腹肌
mylohyoid
下颌舌骨肌
stylohyoid
茎突舌骨肌
Geniohyoid
颏舌骨肌
2. the infrahyoid muscles
sternohyoid
胸骨舌骨肌
omohyoid
I. Morphology and structure of skeletal muscle
structure
Muscle belly肌腹 Tendon肌腱 aponeurosis 腱膜
Morphology
Short muscle
Long muscle
Flat muscle
Orbicular muscle
The Muscles of Trunk
The Muscles of Back The Muscles of Thorax The Diaphragm The Muscles of Abdomen
1. The Muscles of Back
These muscles can be divided into two layers: the superficial and the deep layer. The trapezius（斜方肌） The latissimus dorsi (背阔 肌)
1. The platysma颈阔肌
2. Sternocleidomastoid
Origin
胸锁乳突肌 manubrium sternum and clavicle mastoid process
Insertion
Action
The head is inclined laterally and the face is rotated to the opposite side ; protracts head when acting together.
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis 腹直肌
Posterior Psoas major 腰大肌 group Quadratus lumborum腰方肌
• Anterolateral group 1. External abdominal oblique
腹外斜肌 Aponeurotic structure
Sesamoid bone 籽骨
Section 2 The Muscles of the Head
The muscles of the head can be divided into two groups: the muscles of the facial expression and the muscles of mastication.
Anterior layer
aponeurosis of the external and internal abdominal oblique aponeurosis of the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis
Posterior layer
By their situations the muscles of neck are divided into three groups: superficial and lateral（颈浅肌） anterior （颈前肌） deep （颈深肌）
• The superficial and lateral group
lacunar ligament
2.Internal abdominal oblique
腹内斜肌
3. Transversus abdominis
腹横肌
conjoint tendon
腹股沟镰，联合腱
4. Rectus abdominis
腹直肌
5.Sheath of rectus abdominis腹直肌鞘
肋间内肌
Origin
Vertebral Costal Sternal
Insertion
Central tendon
Action
Aortic aperture
主动脉裂孔 -12th thoracic vertebra
Esophageal aperture
食管裂孔
-10th thoracic vertebra
6. Linea alba 白线
• Posterior group
Psoas major 腰大肌
Quadratus lumborum
腰方肌
Inguinal canal 腹股沟管
Two openings
Superficial inguinal ring
腹股沟浅环
Deep inguinal ring
肩胛舌骨肌
sternothyroid
胸骨甲状肌
thyrohyoid
甲状舌骨肌
The deep group
scalenus anterior
前斜角肌
scalenus medius
中斜角肌
scalenus posterior
后斜角肌
Scalene fissure(斜角肌间隙)
Section 4
III.
The Supplementary Structures of Muscle
Fascia 筋膜
i.
Superficial fascia Deep fascia
ii.
Synovial bursa 滑膜囊
iii.
Tendinous sheath 腱鞘
Fibrous layer Synovial layer: mesotendon腱系膜
Vena caval foramen
腔静脉裂孔
-8th thoracic vertebra
4.The Mabdominal oblique
腹外斜肌
Anterolateral group
Internal abdominal oblique
腹内斜肌 腹横肌
2. The Muscles of Thorax
Pectoralis major(胸大肌) Pectoralis minor(胸小肌) Serratus anterior(前锯肌)
前
锯 肌
External intercostals
肋间外肌
Internal intercostals
Myology
王汉琴
肌学
Ph.D, Professor
Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine
医学生学习网
Bones:lever
Skeletal muscle:
motive force system
Joints:axis/hinge
There are more than 600 skeletal muscles in the human body, which together account for about 40 percent of a person’s weight. The skeletal muscles produce the skeletal movement, maintain posture and position, support soft tissue, and keep body temperature.
II.
The origin, insertion, and architecture of the skeletal muscle
The origin and insertion of the skeletal muscle
Architecture of muscles 肌的配布:
原动肌、拮抗肌、协同肌、固定肌
腹股沟深环
Boundaries
Anterior wall Posterior wall Roof Floor
Structures passing through the inguinal canal
Inguinal Triangle (of Hesselbach)
腹股沟三角
Thank you！
1. The facial muscles面肌
2. The masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌 the masseter 咬肌 the temporalis颞肌 the medial pterygoid
翼内肌
the lateral pterygoid
翼外肌
Section 3 The Muscles of the Neck
inguinal ligament superficial inguinal ring
pectineal ligament
The anterior group
1. the suprahyoid muscles
digastric
二腹肌
mylohyoid
下颌舌骨肌
stylohyoid
茎突舌骨肌
Geniohyoid
颏舌骨肌
2. the infrahyoid muscles
sternohyoid
胸骨舌骨肌
omohyoid
I. Morphology and structure of skeletal muscle
structure
Muscle belly肌腹 Tendon肌腱 aponeurosis 腱膜
Morphology
Short muscle
Long muscle
Flat muscle
Orbicular muscle
The Muscles of Trunk
The Muscles of Back The Muscles of Thorax The Diaphragm The Muscles of Abdomen
1. The Muscles of Back
These muscles can be divided into two layers: the superficial and the deep layer. The trapezius（斜方肌） The latissimus dorsi (背阔 肌)
1. The platysma颈阔肌
2. Sternocleidomastoid
Origin
胸锁乳突肌 manubrium sternum and clavicle mastoid process
Insertion
Action
The head is inclined laterally and the face is rotated to the opposite side ; protracts head when acting together.
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis 腹直肌
Posterior Psoas major 腰大肌 group Quadratus lumborum腰方肌
• Anterolateral group 1. External abdominal oblique
腹外斜肌 Aponeurotic structure
Sesamoid bone 籽骨
Section 2 The Muscles of the Head
The muscles of the head can be divided into two groups: the muscles of the facial expression and the muscles of mastication.
Anterior layer
aponeurosis of the external and internal abdominal oblique aponeurosis of the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis
Posterior layer
By their situations the muscles of neck are divided into three groups: superficial and lateral（颈浅肌） anterior （颈前肌） deep （颈深肌）
• The superficial and lateral group
lacunar ligament
2.Internal abdominal oblique
腹内斜肌
3. Transversus abdominis
腹横肌
conjoint tendon
腹股沟镰，联合腱
4. Rectus abdominis
腹直肌
5.Sheath of rectus abdominis腹直肌鞘
肋间内肌
Origin
Vertebral Costal Sternal
Insertion
Central tendon
Action
Aortic aperture
主动脉裂孔 -12th thoracic vertebra
Esophageal aperture
食管裂孔
-10th thoracic vertebra
6. Linea alba 白线
• Posterior group
Psoas major 腰大肌
Quadratus lumborum
腰方肌
Inguinal canal 腹股沟管
Two openings
Superficial inguinal ring
腹股沟浅环
Deep inguinal ring
肩胛舌骨肌
sternothyroid
胸骨甲状肌
thyrohyoid
甲状舌骨肌
The deep group
scalenus anterior
前斜角肌
scalenus medius
中斜角肌
scalenus posterior
后斜角肌
Scalene fissure(斜角肌间隙)
Section 4
III.
The Supplementary Structures of Muscle
Fascia 筋膜
i.
Superficial fascia Deep fascia
ii.
Synovial bursa 滑膜囊
iii.
Tendinous sheath 腱鞘
Fibrous layer Synovial layer: mesotendon腱系膜
Vena caval foramen
腔静脉裂孔
-8th thoracic vertebra
4.The Mabdominal oblique
腹外斜肌
Anterolateral group
Internal abdominal oblique
腹内斜肌 腹横肌
2. The Muscles of Thorax
Pectoralis major(胸大肌) Pectoralis minor(胸小肌) Serratus anterior(前锯肌)
前
锯 肌
External intercostals
肋间外肌
Internal intercostals
Myology
王汉琴
肌学
Ph.D, Professor
Department of Anatomy, Hubei University of Medicine
医学生学习网
Bones:lever
Skeletal muscle:
motive force system
Joints:axis/hinge
There are more than 600 skeletal muscles in the human body, which together account for about 40 percent of a person’s weight. The skeletal muscles produce the skeletal movement, maintain posture and position, support soft tissue, and keep body temperature.
II.
The origin, insertion, and architecture of the skeletal muscle
The origin and insertion of the skeletal muscle
Architecture of muscles 肌的配布:
原动肌、拮抗肌、协同肌、固定肌
腹股沟深环
Boundaries
Anterior wall Posterior wall Roof Floor
Structures passing through the inguinal canal
Inguinal Triangle (of Hesselbach)
腹股沟三角
Thank you！
1. The facial muscles面肌
2. The masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌 the masseter 咬肌 the temporalis颞肌 the medial pterygoid
翼内肌
the lateral pterygoid
翼外肌
Section 3 The Muscles of the Neck