语法专项突破 第八讲

第八讲并列句和状语从句

并列句

1．表并列、递进或顺承关系：and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，as well as

The earth is one of the planets of the solar system，and the moon is its satellite.

地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月球是地球的卫星。

2．表转折关系：but，yet，whereas，nevertheless

It is often said that the joy of traveling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.

人们常说旅行的乐趣不在于你最终到达目的地，而在于旅行本身。

3．表选择关系：either... or，not... but...，or，otherwise，or else，rather than

Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.

现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。

4．表因果关系：for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，so，therefore

He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail.

由于他的视力开始下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。

5．when“就在这时，突然”，常用于以下句式：

(1)sb. be about to do/on the point of doing sth. when...某人正要做某事，突然……

(2)sb. be doing sth. when...某人正在做某事，突然……

(3)sb. had done sth. when...某人刚做完某事，突然……

One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. 一个周五，当我们在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。

She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.

昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习钢琴。

名师指津

and与or用于并列句

祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承关系

祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折关系

Find ways to praise your children often, and you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.

设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉

对点集训

单句语法填空

1．(2016·贵州贵阳高三统考)Keep it in mind，____________ gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.

2．(2016·广西桂林模拟)They can either choose to accept the challenge ____________ donate 100 dollars，or do the both.

3．(2015·高考北京卷·单项填空)He is a shy man, ____________he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

4．(2016·黑龙江齐齐哈尔模拟)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting

____________ my car broke down near a remote village.

答案：1，and 2，or 3，but 4，when

状语从句

考点一时间状语从句

考点二地点状语从句、原因状语从句

1．地点状语从句

地点状语从句表示地点、方位，通常由where，wherever引导，可置于句首、句中或句尾。

I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.

因为我坐的地方噪音太大，所以听不清教授在说什么。

「易错警示」

where引导的状语从句与定语从句的区别：

地点状语从句与定语从句的区别在于从句在句中所作的成分，如果作状语，则是状语从句；如果作定语，则是定语从句。

A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert. (状语从句)

A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert. (定语从句)

2.原因状语从句

原因状语从句可由because，as，since，now that等词引导。

(1)because译作“因为”，表直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。

The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.

那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着妻子坐。

(2)as (由于)，since (既然)，now that/in that (既然)，表双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as，since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。

Now that you have done that，stop blaming yourself.

既然你已经做了，就不要自责了。