英国文学选读上名词解释(中英文版)

Byronic hero

A proud, mysterious, rebellious, gloomy figure of noble origin, with fiery passions and unbending will, expresses Byron’s own ideal of freedom. He rises against tyranny and

m.

injustice, but he’s merely a lone fighter striving for personal freedo

Sonnet

A sonnet is a 14-line lyric poem with a single theme. Sonnets vary but are usually

written in iambic pentameter, following one of two traditional patterns: the Petrarchan or Italian sonnet and the Shakespearean o r English sonnet. A sonnet generally expresses a single theme or idea.

Sonnet是一种欧洲传统的非常有影响力的诗歌形式。从形式上来说它有14行诗构成，通常是五步抑扬格，

有着严格的特定的押韵方式。莎士比亚的十四行诗非常出名。

Lake Poets

The Lake Poets all lived in the Lake District of England at the turn of the nineteenth

century. As a group, they followed no single "school" of thought or literary practice

then known, although their works were uniformly disparaged by the Edinburgh Review. They are considered part of the Romantic Movement

早期浪漫主义诗人Wordsworth，Coleridge和Southey，也被称为湖畔派诗人。他们都住在英国西北部的湖

区，并且在文学和社会见解上有着一致性。湖畔派诗人主要回忆快乐的旧英格兰时代，把自然看作是精神

上的避难所，因为他们惧怕即将到来的工业化和城市化。

Metaphysical poetry（玄学派诗歌）

Metaphysical poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne.

2>with a rebellious spirit， the Metaphysical poets tried to break away from

the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry.

3>the diction is simple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the

Neoclassical periods， and echoes the words and cadences of common > the imagery is drawn from actual life.

Metaphysical poets is a term coined by the poet and critic Samuel Johnson to describe a loose group of British lyric poets of the 17th century, whose work was characterized by the inventive use of conceits, and by speculation about topics such as love or religion. John Donne is the most important representative.

玄学派诗歌一般用来称呼那些在John Donne影响下写作的作家的作品。

玄学派诗人一种背叛精神去试着打破传统的伊丽莎白爱情诗的束缚。

玄学诗歌多使用巧智（wit and conceit），结构精巧（ingenious structure），韵律多变（irregular meter），语

言口语化（colloquial language），意象奇特（elaborate imagery），并把不同的事物并置（ a drawing together

of dissimilar idea）。它们的意象多来源于现实生活。

Neoclassicism（新古典主义）

In the field of literature, the enlightenment movement brought about a revival of int erest in the old classical works.

2>this tendency is known as neoclassicism. The Neoclassicists held that forms of lite rature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers such as Homer and Virgil and those of the contemporary French ones.

3> they believed that the artistic ideals should be order， logic， restrained emotio n and accuracy， and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to huma nity

Romanticism（浪漫主义）

1>In the mid-18th century， a new literary movement called romanticism came to Europe and then to England.

2>It was characterized by a strong protest against the bondage of neoclassicism， which emphasized reason， order and elegant wit. Instead， roman