年产370万吨连铸坯的转炉炼钢车间工艺的设计

本科毕业设计（论文）任务书

题目：年产370万吨连铸坯的转炉炼钢车间工

艺设计

院（系）：冶金工程学院

专业：冶金工程

学生：XXX

学号：

指导教师（签名）：

主管院长（主任）

（签名）：

时间：2012 年 2月 26 日

设计总说明

当前的炼钢工艺中，较为普遍的是以高炉铁水为原料的转炉炼钢工艺和以预还原球团矿或高质量的工业废钢为原料的电弧（炉）工艺。本设计为具有代表性的氧气顶底复吹工艺，预计年生产能力为370万吨良坯钢。车间设有公称容量为150吨的转炉两座，LF精炼炉2座、板坯连铸机2台和方坯连铸机1台。转炉的冶炼周期38分钟，吹氧时间16分钟。

根据国外转炉炼钢技术的发展趋势，结合设计任务书中碳素钢和压力容器用钢的品种需要，选择了LF炉外精炼设备，进行全连铸生产。最终确定如下的的工艺流程：铁水预处理→转炉炼钢→LF精炼→连铸。

本次设计在对转炉物料平衡和热平衡计算的基础上，对炼钢车间的主要设备参数进行了设计、选型，完成了主体设备选择、炼钢工艺设计、主厂房工艺布置和设备布置。编制说明书一份，绘制转炉炉型图、车间平面图、剖面图各一，并完成题目为钢中非金属夹杂及其危害的专题。

关键词：炼钢，顶底复吹，工艺流程，精炼，连铸，设计

Design Description

At present, there are two main steel-making processes: converter steelmaking process with blast furnace hot metal and steel scrap as the raw materials and the arc (furnace) process with pre-reduction pellets or high-quality industrial steel scrap as raw materials. In this paper, the representative process combined-blowing oxygen converter process with a scale of 3.7×106 continuous casting billet annual is designed.. In the workshop, main equipments including 2×150t converters and its auxiliary equipments with 2 LF refining furnaces, 2 sets of slab continuous casting machines and a set of billet continuous casting machine are designed. The Smelting period is set for 38 minutesin which the actual oxygen blowing time is only 16 minutes.

Depending on the development trend of steel-making process and the quality requirement of carbon steel and pressure vessel steel, LF refining is selected to fufill continuous casting. Finally,the following process flow is choosed: Pretreatment→Converter→LF→CC.

On the base of the material and heat equilibrim caculation,the size of steel-making plant workshop span and device assign, personnel

placement is made .A project instruction is redacted ,funace size graphic, a ground plane and a sectional view of the workshop are also submitted. And finally, the monograph which is about non-metallic inclusions in steel and its damagement is also finished.

Key words:steel making, combined-blown, process, refining, continuous casting ，design

目录

1 转炉炼钢车间设计方案--------------------------------------------- 1 1.1工艺流程---------------------------------------------------- 1 1.2主要冶炼钢种及产品方案---------------------------------------

2 1.3转炉车间组成-------------------------------------------------

3 1.4转炉车间生产能力计算----------------------------------------- 3

1.4.1 转炉容量及座数的确定------------------------------------- 3

1.4.2 计算年出钢炉数------------------------------------------- 3

1.4.3 根据生产规模和产品方案计算出年需钢水量------------------- 4

1.4.4 按标准系列确定炉子的容量--------------------------------- 4

1.4.5 核算车间年产量------------------------------------------- 4

2 转炉炼钢物料平衡和热平衡计算------------------------------------- 5 2.1物料平衡计算------------------------------------------------- 5

2.1.1计算所需原始数据。---------------------------------------- 5

2.1.2 物料平衡基本项目----------------------------------------- 6

2.1.3 计算步骤------------------------------------------------- 8 2.2热平衡计算-------------------------------------------------- 17

2.2.1计算所需原始数据----------------------------------------- 17

2.2.2 计算步骤------------------------------------------------ 19

3 氧气转炉及相关设备设计------------------------------------------ 23 3.1炉型设计---------------------------------------------------- 23

3.1.1炉型选择------------------------------------------------- 23

3.1.2 主要参数的确定------------------------------------------ 24 3.2炉衬设计--------------------------------------------------- 26

3.2.1炉衬材质的选择------------------------------------------- 27