对外汉语拼音教学课件
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
在每个本音(清音、浊音)后面配上不同的元音, 这样发出的响亮声音就叫做声母的读音。 b玻(bo) p坡(po) m摸(mo) f佛(fo) d的(de) t特(特) n讷(ne) l勒(le) g哥(ge) k科(ke) h喝(he) j基(ji) q欺(qi) x希(xi) zh知(zhi) ch吃(chi) sh诗(shi) r日(ri) z资(zi) c雌(ci) s思(si) 这就是汉语的声母发音和拉丁字母(英语字母)辅 音发音的重要区别。
ia
ia ( like ya in "yard") jiā 家
声母 shēng mǔ
Consonants, 21
• When used as initials, the following consonants are pronounced quite differently from what they are in English. • q x z c zh ch sh r
韵母 yùn mǔ
• Single finals •a ā á ǎ à •o ō ó ǒ ò •e ē é ě è •i ī í ǐ ì •u ū ú ǔ ù •ü ǖ ǘ ǚ ǜ
复韵母是指由两个或三个元音组成韵母。复韵母 共13个: ɑi ei ɑo ou 哀欸熬欧 ia ie iɑo iou(iu) 呀耶腰忧 uɑ uo uɑi uei(ui) 蛙窝 歪 威 üe 约
fù yùn mǔ 复 韵 母(componund finals)
ai ia
ei ie
ao ua
ou uo üe
fù yùn mǔ 复 韵 母(componund finals)
ai ia
ei ie
ao ua
ou uo üe
ai
ai (as in "high") wǒ ài nǐ kě ài 我爱你 可爱 zài bái 在 白 zài jiàn 再 见
拼音 Pinyin
汉语拼音 Chinese Pīnyīn
• Function:Just like the phonetic alphabets in • Formation:
Initials 声母 shēng mǔ Finals 韵母 yùn mǔ Tones 声调 shēng diào e.g. 你 (you) n-i-ˇ nǐ 好 (good,fine) h-ao-ˇ hǎo
声母
shēng mǔ
•j
• jī 鸡 (chicken) jiā 家( home) (j in Jeep )
声母
shēng mǔ
•q
• qī 七 (seven) qián 钱(money) • qī zi (wife) ( ch in cheese )
声母
shēng mǔ
•x
• xī 西(the west) xǐ huān 喜欢(like) • xué xí • 学 习 (study) • (sh in sheep )
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
声母
shēng mǔ
•h
• hē shuǐ (drink water) • hé 河 (river) hǎ i hěn 海 (sea) 很 (too much) (h sounds like “h” in the English word“her” heart , but it must be added more friction of the breath than it is in English.)
声母 shēng mǔ
Consonants, 21
• When used as initials, the following consonants are pronounced roughly the same as they are in English. •b p m f d t n l g k h j s
声调
shēng diào
• 轻声(the Neutral Tone) • Every Chinese character in Chinese Putonghua has its specific tone.But sometimes,in a word or a sentence some syllables lose their original tones and become weak and short, therefore it is called the neutral tone.The neutral tone syllables are shown by the absence of the tonemark, for example: • Bàba 爸爸(father,dad) māma 妈妈(mother, mum)
•d
• dà 大 (big, huge) dì di 弟弟 (younger brother) (similar with d in dog dust but no puff of breath )
声母
shēng mǔ
•t
• tài yáng 太阳(sun) tè bié 特别( very much) (similar to t in term tide top But should be more articulated with more aspiration)
声母
shēng mǔ
•r
• rén 人 (human,people) rè 热 (hot) (similar to r in run)
声母
Test: listen and choose the Initials you hear.
shēng mǔ
bpmfdtnl g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c s
u
oo in Loop book bù xínɡ bù zhī dào 不行 不知 道
ü
(First, try to pronounce "i", and t hen your tongue stays here, grad ually purse your lips. Try it yours elf) yú xià yǔ lǜ sè 鱼 下 雨 绿色
声母
shēng mǔ
•z
• zì 字(characters) zuò 坐(sit) (similar with ds in friends z in zero )
声母
shēng mǔ
•c
• cài 菜 (vegetable, dishes)
cāi 猜(guess) (similar with the ts in bits students )
声母
shēng mǔ
•n
• nán rén 男人 (male,man) ná 拿 (take,pick,hold) (similar as n in no nation)
声母
shēng mǔ
•l
• lóng 龙 (dragon) kuài lè 快乐(happy) (same as l in letter learn )
ei
(like a long "a" or the "ei" in "eight") lèi hēi 累 黑
ao
-ao (as in "how" or "out") hǎo māo shǎo lǎo ɡāo zǎo shɑnɡ hǎo 好 猫 少 老 高 早 上 好
ou
(like the "ow" in "low" or "boat") dōu ɡǒu kǒu shǒu zǒu 都 狗 口 手 走
声母
shēng mǔ
•m
• mā mā 妈妈 (mum) mǎi 买 (buy) (same as m in man mug)
声母
shēng mǔ
•f
• chī fàn 吃饭 (eating) fēng 风 (wind) (same with f in from far )
声母
shēng mǔ
这(this)
声母
shēng mǔ
•ch
• chī 吃(eat) cháng 长(long) (similar to ch in church,but must have srong puff of breath)
声母
shēng mǔ
•sh
• lǎo shī 老师(teacher) shí 十 (ten) (similar to sh in shirt)
dān yùn mǔ 单 韵 母
simple finals
:
ɑ o e i u ü 啊喔呃衣屋迂
a in Father ā yí 阿姨 bà bɑ 爸爸 mā mɑ 妈妈
o
Aw Wǒ 我 fó 佛
e
Uh è kuài lè le kě 饿 快 乐 了 可
i
E see bee nǐ mǐ fàn 4 你 米饭
English, Pīnyīn helps us to read Chinese words.
声调
shēng diào
The Chinese putonghua has four basic tones. They are shown by the tone-marks:ˉ(the 1st tone),ˊ(the 2nd tone),ˇ(the 3rd tone),ˋ(the 4th tone). Different tones may express different meanings.
声母
shēng mǔ
•s
• sì 四 (four) sī niàn 思念 (miss someone) (similar to s in student)
声母
shēng mǔ
•zh
• zhè
zhàn 站 (stand) zhī dào (know) ( similar with dge in judge )
声母
shēng mǔ
•b
• bō luó 菠萝 (pineapple) bà ba 爸爸 (dad) bù 不 (no) (similar with b in Brother but no buff of breath)
声母
shēng mǔ
•P
p ǎ o bù 跑步 (running,run) (similar to p in port pie But should be more articulated with more aspiration)
dān yùn mǔ 单 韵 母
simple finals
:
a
o
e
i
u
ü
声调
shēng diào
• 1. The tone-mark should be placed over the vowels,eg: nǐ, gē,bà • 2. When a tone-mark is placed above the vowel i, the dot over it must be left out,eg: bǐ,wén jiàn jiá • 3. A compound final carries two or more vowels, the tone-mark is placed over the vowel which pronounced with the mouth opening wider and louder,usually a,o,e,eg: lái, piào, dōu
声母 shēng mǔ
Consonants, 21
• 声母有21个: •b p m f d •玻 坡 摸 佛 的 •g k h j q •哥 科 喝 基 欺 • zh ch sh r z •知 吃 诗 日 资
t 特 x 希 c 雌
n l 讷 勒
s 思
声母 shēng mǔ
Consonants, 21
声母
shēng mǔ
•g
• gē ge 哥哥 (older brother) gāo 高 (tall, high) (Similar with g in grill good but no puff of breath)
声母
shēng mǔ
•k
• Kě kě yǐ • 渴 (thirsty) 可 以 (can) • shàng kè • 上 课 ( have class) kǎo shì 考试(exam) (similar to k in key But should be more articulated with more aspiration)