简明英国文学史问题及答案

Quiz (1)

1.The first settlers of the British Isles were Celt, and Britain got its name from a branch of this

people called Briton. But later they were driven to live in Scotland, Wales and Ireland.

不列颠群岛的第一批定居者是凯尔特人，Britain的叫法则就是来源于他们的一个叫做Briton（不列颠人）的分支。但后来他们被驱赶到苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰居住。

2.The Angles, Saxons and Jutes were Germanic tribes originally living on the Continent. They

moved to the British Isles and became the ancestors of the English people.

盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人是最初居住在大陆的日耳曼部落。他们搬到不列颠群岛，成为英国人的祖先。

3.The most important event of the Old English Period was Norman Conquest, which took

place in the year 1066.

古英语时期最重要的事件是1006年发生的诺尔曼征服。

4.The Roman Catholic Church sent St. Augustine to England in 597 to convert the English

people to Catholicism.

罗马天主教会于597年将圣奥古斯丁派遣到英格兰，使英国人皈依天主教。。

two poems of this period apart from Beowulf: Widsith, and The Seafarer.

请列出这段时期的除了《贝奥武夫》两首诗：Widsith(威德西斯)和The Seafarer(水手) 6.Beowulf is an epic of Alliterative lines, and it tells the events that took place on the

Continent before they moved to the British Isles.

贝奥武甫（Beowulf）是一首头韵体裁的史诗，它讲述了在大陆迁移到不列颠群岛之前发生的事件。

7.After the Anglo-Saxon English took in loan words from French and Latin and lost most of its

feclions and many of its grammar rules, it was called Middle English.

盎格鲁-撒克逊英语在使用法语和拉丁语的借词之后，失去了大部分的功能和许多语法规则，这就是所谓的中古英语。

8.Romance can be divided into three kinds according to subject matter. They are Matter of

France, Matter of Rome, Matter of Britain.

罗曼史可以根据题材分为三种。他们是法国题材，罗马题材和英国题材。

9.Romances of the English subject are tales about King Arthur and his Round-Table Knights.

英国题材的传奇故事是关于亚瑟国王及其圆桌骑士的故事。

10.John Wyclif was a translator of The Bible, William Langland wrote Piers Plowman and the

most famous English ballads are those about Robin Hood.

约翰·威克利夫是《圣经》的翻译者。，威廉·兰格伦写的《皮尔斯·普洛曼》，最著名的是那些关于罗宾汉的英语歌谣。

Quiz (2)

1.Henry VIII broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and established the Church of

England (the Anglican Church).

亨利八世脱离罗马天主教会，建立了英格兰教会（圣公会教堂）。

2.It was Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard who introduced Italian sonnets into England.

托马斯怀亚特和亨利·霍华德把意大利十四行诗引入英国。

3.Thomas More’s famous line in Utopia that exposes the calamities of the Enclosure

Movement is sheep devouring men.

托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More）在乌托邦（Utopia）里著名的一句揭露圈地运动灾难性

的话是：羊吃人（sheep devouring men）。

4.Faerie Queene was planned for 12 books, each standing for one moral principle, but only six

books were finished centering on the following six virtues: Chastity, Temperance, Truth, Justice, Friendship and Courtesy.

《仙后》(The Faerie Queene, 1589-1596) 原计划12本书里每一本代表一个道德原则，但只有六本书完成并且围绕着以下六个优点：贞节，节制，真理，正义，友谊和礼节。

5.Philip Sidney’s essay on poetry is called The Defence of Poesy, John Lyly’s prose romance has

a main character Euphues, whose name is afterward responsible for an expression in the

dictionary to represent a style of speech; Thomas Lodge is mainly remembered today for his prose romance Rosalynde, Thomas Nashe is believed to have joined Marlowe in writing Dido, Queene of Carthage, and Robert Greene is connected with Shakespeare for attacking the later in one of his pamphlets as a(n) upstart.

菲利普·西德尼（Philip Sidney）关于散文诗称为“诗歌守护者。约翰·李利的散文爱情故事”（The Defence of Poesy）具有尤弗伊斯体的特征，这个名字后来在字典中用来表示一种讲话风格。直至今日托马斯·洛奇凭借他的散文爱情故事而被记住，托马斯·纳什被认为与马洛一起编写《迦太基女王戴朵》，罗伯特·格林与莎士比亚有关联，因为他在一本小册子中作为一个暴发户攻击了后来者。

6.Christopher Marlowe used blank verse to write his plays and two of his important plays are

Tamberlaine, and the Great.

克里斯托弗·马洛用无韵诗写他的戏剧，他的两个重要的戏剧Tamberlaine和the great。

7.Francis Bacon’s works are expressions of his thought on practical science, and his prose style

is best represented in an essay called “On Study”.

弗朗西斯·培根的作品体现了他的实学思想，他的散文风格在《论读书》一书中得到了最好的体现。

8.Ben Jonson’s masterpiece is a comedy of humours called Volpone, and he was made poet

laureate in 1616.

本琼森的杰作是一部名为狐坡尼（Volpone）的喜剧小说，并于1616年成为诗人桂冠。

9.List any three of Shakespeare’s comedies: A Mid-Summer Night’s Dream,As You Like It and

The Twelfth Night.

列出任意三个莎士比亚的喜剧:《仲夏夜之梦》,《皆大欢喜》,《第十二夜》。

10.The four great tragedies by Shakespeare are Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, and Othello.

莎士比亚的四大悲剧是《哈姆雷特》，《李尔王》，《麦克白》和《奥赛罗》。

11.Shakespeare has produced two tetralogies of English history plays, and the most discussed

two are Henry IV Part I, and Henry IV Part II.

莎士比亚创作了两部英国历史剧的四部曲，其中讨论最多的是亨利四世第一部和亨利四世第二部。

12.Falstaff was no good companion for Prince Hall, who later became Henry V, a powerful king

of England.

福斯塔夫对于后来成为英格兰强大国王亨利五世的霍尔王子来说并不是良友。

13.Shylock was a Jew and a usurer in The Merchant of Venice, and he tried to take revenge on

the Christians who despised ad ill-treated him.

夏洛克是《威尼斯商人》中的犹太人和高利贷者，他试图报复那些鄙视他的虐待他的基督徒。

14.Iago is the villain in Othello, who set a trap to lead Othello to believe that his wife