Manhattan 语法笔记

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manhattan OG横向总结

1 Meaning1单词相似，意思不同 e.g. economic VS economical、aggravate（恶化）VS aggravating(激怒)2 句子关系不能随便改变。

原本是but改为，and就是很大的变动，影响句子意思。

3 注意that或者其他修饰词前后，subject与verb是否make sense.Eg evidence that suggests XXX evidence 与suggests可以搭配Plans that cut into XXX plans 与cut不能，plan 不能cut，要变：plans that are to cut4 原本是低层级句（比主句级别低）改为用and、but连接改变句意。

5 and，but等转折、并列词不可轻易去掉。

6 同位语修饰紧邻名词的时候，也要注意是否make sense，同37 限定修饰词一般放在verb之后，eg surpassed only by sth8 注意Ving前面（或者说句子中）时间限定词影响，保证一致Eg now drawing XXXXX9 called XXX 修饰某人某物，紧跟noun修饰最好，不要用非限制。

10 不能随便增加语气词，例如should2 Concision1 it is…. that 与there be…..that 一样，一般是wordy的象征2 注意隐藏的redundant。

Eg rice production与harvest是同义表述。

3 one’s doing 即所有格+gerund 都是awkward典型，但是当出现在插入语中，需要简洁表述时，有可能是对的4 注意that从句中的it，还有直接SVO中it的指代，可能和that、S造成redundant5 recommend与should不能同时出现(命令虚拟)6 for doing;of doing大多数都是wordy的7 自己的看法：sth that are(is) XX 劣于adj sth 劣于用to连接（）access to waterEg water that is accessed ＜accessed water ＜access to water8 V AN模式 1 verb ＞adjective（or adverb）＞Noun2 that 通常比with好9 OG 57：that 放句首没有用形式主语it代替好；to be形式尽量用直接的is am are 代替；the fact 不能随意添加，有特例（by the fact that平行结构）注意：GMAT中的错误省略1 除了of 连接介词可以改：a wall of stone 变成a stone wall其他介词不可以省略：the women of china 不可以the china women2 time/quantit/measurement都要of3 reporting verb之后的that不能省，除了say(said)3 S-V agreement单数主语+verbs 复数主语+verb1 and与additive phrase 例如：as well as, along with.And使主语成为混合主语+ 复数；而as well as 不改变主语Eg Joe,as well as Tim, is still bla bla bla.2 either or；neither nor都存在时，单复数由距离verb最近的词决定只有either或neither出现，一定用singular.3 集合名词基本全用singular4 SANAM some any none all more/most 由后面单词决定Eg some of the money was……..Some of the documents were………..5 each、every在subject之前用单数，subject之后看情况eg They each are bla bla bla …..6 数量词：the number of/a number ofOf引导介短由名词决定eg half of the pie is ; half of the slices are…Majority/minority Eg the majority of XX are …The majority has ……4 parallelism1 一些词例如：was ving/can lose/ to increase 要求在平行结构中自动省略这些词2 大多数句子平行要求相同引导词，也有特例，待补充。

GMAT学习方法总结

GMAT学习方法总结一. gmat前期预备：考生在这时期时刻要去进修以下几个gmat常识点，为中期的gmat专项冲破做预备。

1)og + manhattan(逻辑和语法)一至两周看完上面的书单，og做完语文+数学;manhattan只看逻辑和语法，同时不要做题。

①og语法：起重要细心领会og中语法一致，逻辑清晰，说话简洁和有效表达的方法。

语法方面，依照谜底中的缺点类型(即谜底中的黑体字如:agreement, parallelism)进行分类并深刻明白得每一个缺点类型的概念。

记住一点，前面的所有试题只是谜底中缺点类型概念的说明，让考生能够或许更清晰那个概念的例子。

是以，建议大年夜家不要在乎试题对错成果若何，过分纠结无异于白费时刻;而是欲望大年夜家能够或许把每个缺点类型的概念应用到每一个例题中去并深刻明白得。

②og逻辑：思路指导：经由过程对每到标题标深刻明白得。

把握住逻辑标题里面的逻辑链条，明白假设题和减弱题，加强题，结论题到底指的是什么。

og给gmat的逻辑题进行分类和对题型进行讲解。

③og扫瞄：思路指导：1. 经由过程对og文章的梳理，把握出gmat文章的逻辑框架和主题思路。

2. 明白得gmat的标题若何解答，把握住每种提示的解题方法。

④曼哈顿语法：国外机构一套专门不错的教材。

赞助大年夜家从西方人的思维角度精确熟悉gmat测验。

所设计的常识点专门的体系化。

语法从gmac的角度(语法，语义，精确度，简洁等角度展开，从每一个语法的常识点拓展)⑤曼哈顿逻辑：逻辑从对全然概念和语义确信入手。

是一本相当不错的逻辑书，赞助大年夜家明白得基来源差不多理和概念常识点。

是一本相当不错合营og看的逻辑参考书。

2)gmat数学og建议大年夜家把gmat数学卖力做一遍。

做完一道标题要达到两层后果：①这套标题我用什么样的数学公式解决②这套标题我是用什么数学思惟来说明的3)经济学人天天保持读1小时的文章。

多看严谨的文章赞助明白得和更好的进修gmat语法和gmat扫瞄。

GMAT Manhat n语法笔记 Qiu总结

qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcv bnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqw ertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuio pasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb nmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwe rtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiop asdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghj klzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg Manhattan 语法总结 GMAT SC 小总结2015/8/20 Qiu~~~目录Chapter 2 GRAMMAR & MEANNING (4)2.1 Grammar:保证句子是符合规则的 (4)2.2 Meaning :是否真的说出了作者的意图。

(4)Chapter 3 SCENTENCE STRUCTURE (5)3.1 主语和动词必须要一起存在 (5)3.2 主谓一致 (5)3.3 去除中间部分，只留主干。

(5)3.4 用结构去决定 (5)3.5 建立复杂句子 (5)3.6 两个独立分分句 (5)3.7 Adding modifiers（增加修饰词） (5)Chapter 4 MODIFIERS (6)4.1形容词和副词 (6)4.2 名词修饰词（也就是修饰名词或者代词） (6)4.3副词式形容词（就是作用跟副词有点像） (7)4.4 Which VS 现在分词-ing (8)4.5 修饰词vs 核心 (8)4.6 Quantity (9)Chapter 5 PARALLELISM (9)5.1平行信号词 (10)5.2平行元素 (10)5.3 Superficial 平行＆Actual 平行 (11)5.4 AND的重要性 (11)5.5 3- or 4-Item Lists (12)5.6 Idioms with Built-in Parallel Structure (13)5.7 Parallel Meaning (13)CHAPTER 6 COMPARISION (13)6.1比较信号词 (14)6.2省略词 (14)6.3LIKE VS AS (15)6.4比较级和最高级 (15)Chapter 7 PRONOUNS (16)7.1代词 (16)7.2先行词要存在且有意义 (16)7.3单复数一致 (16)7.4最常用的：IT ITS THEY THEM THEIR (17)7.5This that these those (17)7.6某些ambiguity 是被允许的 (17)CHAPTER 8 VERB (17)8.1一般时态 (18)8.2要让时态反应句意 (18)8.3完成时态 (18)8.3.1过去完成时：更早的动作 (18)8.3.2现在完成时：现在与过去的桥梁 (19)8.4-ing修饰词：跟着main verb (20)8.5 Present to Future or Past to Conditional (20)8.6主动和被动 (20)CHAPTER 10 EXTRA 1:MEANING STRUCTURE MODIFIERS (21)10.1别太短 (21)10.2复合主语 (21)10.3标点 (21)10.4集合名词：找线索 (22)10.5不定代词 (22)10.6Each 和Every (23)10.7数量词和短语 (23)10.8主语短语和主语从句通常是单数。

manhattan语法笔记

Manhattan语法笔记By SheilaChapter 1 Sentence correction Basics Understand the Sentence, Then Split the Answer 理解句意后，给选项分类1.读原句，完全理解句子(discrepancy; leap out)2.垂直浏览选项以分类(split; local; totally)3.选择一个容易的类别开始(ideally; herring)4.在第一类别中作出决定(resolve)5.写下ABCDE，删掉你排除的选项(bullet)6.重新分类剩下的选项，直到只剩下一个answer为止7.把选项放入原句中看是否正确(aversion)Put Your Answer Back In 把答案放入检查GMAT总是把重要的单词放在离划线部分很远的地方。

Chapter 2 Grammar & MeaningGrammar: 句子坚持的标准书面英语规则Meaning: 正确的答案能够解决原句中模棱两可的意思，但不应该改变作想要表达的意思Meaning: Choose Your Words 选择合适的单词1.Cousin words and expressions:economic (monetary) economical (thrifty; efficient)aggravate (worsen) aggravating (irritating)known as (named) known to be (acknowledge as)loss of (no longer in possession of) loss in (decline in value)mandate (command) have a mandate (have authority form voters) native of (person from) native to (species that originated in)range of (variety of) ranging (varying)rate of (speed or frequency of) rates for (prices for)rise (general increase) raise (a bet or a salary increase in American English) try to do (seek to accomplish) try doing(experiment with)2. Helping Verbs:注意情态动词！只交换情态动词就会改变句子意思。

GMAT SC Manhatten曼哈顿语法总结(770NN)

GMAT SC Manhatten曼哈顿语法总结(770NN)目录Subject-verb agreement (7)Fragment: Subject and verb must both exist (7)Sense: Subject and verb must make sense together (8)Number agreement: Subject and verb must agree in number (9)Additive phrases (9)Or, either…or, neither…nor: nearest . 9Collective nouns: almost alwayssingular (9)Indefinite pronouns: usually singular.9SANAMM words: some; any; none; all;more; most; (9)Each and every (9)Quantity words and phrases (9)Subject phrases and clauses: alwayssingular (10)Parallelism (10)Parallel markers (10)Parallel elements (11)You can split apart the expressions:.. 12Parallel clauses should start with thesame word (12)Lists with AND (13)Idioms with parallel structure (13)Superficial parallelism vs. actual parallelism (13)Watch out for linking verbs (14)Treat any linking verb as a parallelmarket. (14)And they have to make sense (15)Pronoun (15)Antecedent must exist: as a noun (15)Antecedent and pronoun must make sense together (15)The antecedent must be unambiguous (16)The antecedent and pronoun must agree in number (16)Pronoun case (16)Watch out for parallelism (16)’s is often poor antecedent (17)The deadly five: it, its, they, them, their (17)This, that, these, and those (18)Adjectives: (18)New copy (18)Agree in number with previous version (18)This, these, that, and those cannot beused as nouns. (18)Modifiers (19)Adjectives and adverbs (19)Adjective + adjective + noun (19)Adverb + adjective + noun (19)Noun modifiers (20)Misplaced modifier (21)Dangling modifier (21)Modifiers have to make sense (22)Noun modifiers with relative clause.. 22Essential vs. non-essential nounmodifiers (23)Verb modifiers (23)Verb tense, mood and voice (25)Tense (25)Simple tense (25)Progressive tense (25)Keep verb tense consistent (25)Present perfect: still in effect (26)Past perfect: the earlier action (26)Tense sequence (27)The subjunctive mood (28)Hypothetical subjunctive (28)If...then constructions (28)The command subjunctive (29)Active voice vs. passive voice (31)Comparisons (32)Keeping comparisons parallel (32)Comparisons must be logically parallel (32)Comparisons must be structurallyparallel (33)Omitted words (33)Comparative and superlative forms (34)Idioms (35)Odds and ends (55)Connecting words (55)Connecting punctuation (57)Comma (57)Semicolon (58)Colon (59)Dash (59)Quantity (60)Advanced strategy: GMC/S-V/PARALLELISM (61)Concision: specific patterns of wordiness (61)Pattern 1: prefer a verb to an actionnoun (61)Pattern 2: prefer a That-clause (withverbs) to a series of phrases (withnouns) (63)Pattern 3: prefer a verb to an adjective. (63)Pattern 4: prefer an adjective to anoun (64)Pattern 5: prefer an adverb to aprepositional phrase (65)Pattern 6: prefer an adjective to anadjective clause with be (65)Pattern 7: r emove IT IS...THAT (66)Concision: don’t make it too short (66)Pattern1: keep the prepositionalphrase if you need to (66)Pattern2: keep THAT OFor THESEOF if you need to (68)Pattern 3: keep THAT after areporting verb (68)Parallelism: concrete nouns and action nouns (69)Infinitives (71)Adjectives and participles: (71)Advanced strategy: pronouns and modifiers (72)Other pronouns (72)There (72)Itself, themselves: (73)DO SO versus DO IT (73)Placeholder IT (73)1. Postpone infinitive subjects (73)2. Postpone That-clause subjects (74)3. Postpone infinitive or That-clauseobjects (74)Nuances of pronoun reference: (74)Modifiers: Exceptions to the Touch Role (75)1. Mission Critical modifier (75)2. A very short predicate falls between,shifting a very long modifier back (75)3. A short non-essential phraseintervenes and is set off by comas. (76)4. The modifier is part of a seriesparallel modifiers, one of whichtouches the noun. (76)Possessive Nuances (76)Subgroup modifiers (77)More on relative clauses vs. participles (77)Absolute phrases (78)Advanced strategy: Verbs & comparisons (80)Helping verbs: BE, DO and HA VE (80)Infinitives (82)Gerunds (83)Participles (84)When to use which word (85)More on LIKE and AS (86)Numbers in comparisons (88)Other comparison constructions (89)Subject-verb agreementFragment: Subject and verb must both exist.Missing of working verb: The electron named in 1894.Connecting word and no main clause: Because the dog was never mine/ Which will be approvedtomorrow.Sense: Subject and verb must make sense together.Wrong: The proliferation of computer games designed to involve many players at once were first developed before the widespread availability of high-speed internet connections. Right: Computer games designed to involve many players at once have proliferated; such games were first developed before the wide spread availability of high-speed internet connections.Number agreement: Subject and verb must agree in numberAdditive phrasesOr, either…or, neither…nor: nearestCollective nouns: almost always singularIndefinite pronouns: usually singularSANAMM words: some; any; none; all; more; most;Some of the money was stolen from my wallet; Some of the papers were stolen from the bank. 另外如同majority minority plurality 等词也是要看情况的Each and everyEvery dog and cat has paws.Each of these shirts is pretty.They each are great tennis players.Quantity words and phrasesA number ofThe number ofSubject phrases and clauses: always singularHaving good friends is a wonderful thing. Whatever they want to do is fine with me.ParallelismParall el markersMarkers StructuresAnd X and YX, Y and ZBoth/and Both X and YOr X or YEither/or Either X or YNot/but Not X but YNot only/but also Not only X but also YRather than X rather thanYFrom/to From X to YParall el el ementsElements ExamplesNouns Her expressionreflected both angerand relief.Adjectives The park was neitheraccessible noraffordable.We collected bothsecond and third-gradebooks.Verbs The custodian cleanedthe basement andwashed the windows. Infinitives We would like not onlyto hear your side of thestory but also toprovide a response. Participles The actor left quickly,shunning fans andPrepositional It was important toleave the money in thedrawer rather than onthe table. Subordinate clauses They contended thatthe committee wasbiased and that itshould be disbanded. You can split apart the expressions:The division was opening offices, hiring staff and investing in equipment.The railroad can either lose more money or solve its problems.They wanted to increase awareness, spark interest, and motivate purchases.Parallel clauses should start with the same wordWrong: I want to retire to a place where I can relax and that has low taxes.Right: I want to retire to a place where I can relax and where the taxes are low.Wrong: Ralph likes both those who are popular and who are not.Right: Ralph likes both those who are popular and those who are not.Lists with ANDBe careful as you tally items:Wrong: She argues that the agency acts with disregard for human life and property and reckless abandon and it should therefore be shut down.Right : She argues that the agency acts with reckless abandon and with disregard for human life and property and that is should therefore be shut down.Idioms with parall el structureSuperficial parallelism vs. actual parall elismWrong: Sal applied himself in his new job,arrived early every day, skipped lunch regularly, and left late every night.Right: Sal applied himself in his new job, arriving early every day, skipping lunch regularly, and leaving late every night.Watch out for linking verbsTo BE Other linking verbsAre Become SmellWas Feel SoundWere Grow StayAm Look TasteBeen Remain TurnBe RepresentBeing ResembleTreat any linking verb as a parallel market.Wrong: The bouquet of flowers was a giving of love.Right: The bouquet of flowers was a gift of love.And they have to make sense.Wrong: Upon being nominated, this politician represents a step forward in urban-rural relations in this country.Right: The nomination of this politician represents a step forward in urban-rural relations in this country.PronounsAnteced ent must exist: as a nounWrong: The park rangers discussed measures to prevent sever wildfires, which would be devastating to it.Right: The park rangers discussed measures to prevent sever wildfires, which would be devastating to the park.Anteced ent and pronoun must make sense together Wrong: Although the term “supercomputer”may sound fanciful or exaggerated, it is simply an extremely fast mainframe that can execute trillions of calculations every second.Right: Although the term “supercomputer” may sound fanciful or exaggerated, it simply refers to an extremely fast mainframe that can execute trillions of calculations every second.The anteced ent must be unambiguousWrong: Researchers claim to have developed new “nano-papers”incorporating tiny cellulose fibers, which they allege give them the strength of cast iron.Right: researchers claim to have developed new “nano-papers”incorporating tiny cellulose fibers, which allegedly give these materials the strength of cast iron.The anteced ent and pronoun must agree in number Pronoun caseWatch out for parallelismSupernovas destroy their immediateenvironments in vast explosions, but by synthesizing heavy chemical elements, they provide the universe with the possibility of biochemistry-based life as we know it.’s is often poor antecedentWrong: The board is investigating several executives’compensation packages in order to determine how much may have been improperly awarded to them.Here THEM refers to “packages”, so it is wrong. Right: The board is investigating the compensation packages of several executives in order to determine how much these executives may have been awarded.The d eadly five: it, its, they, them, theirWrong: Whenever a student comes, take down their information.Right: Whenever a student comes, take down his or her information.Right: Whenever students come, take downtheir information.This, that, these, and thoseAdjectives:New “nano-papers” incorporate fibers that give these materials strength.New copyThe money spent by her parents is less than that spent by her children.The money spent by her parents is more than it was expected to by.Agree in number with previous versionWrong: Her company is outperforming those of her competitors.Right: Her company is outperforming the companies of her competitors.This, these, that, and those cannot be used as nouns.Wrong: Her products are unusual; manyconsider these unique.Right: Her products are unusual; many consider them unique.ModifiersAdjectives and adverbsAdjective + adjective + nounBoth adjectives modify the noun.Wrong: James Joyce is Max’s supposedly Irish ancestor.Right: James Joyce is Max’s supposed Irish ancestor.Adverb + adjective + nounThe adverb modifies the adjective.Wrong: Max’s grandmother is his supposed Irish ancestor.Right: Max’s grandmother is his supposedly Irish ancestor.Noun modifiersType Position ExampleAdjective BeforenounAfternoun The lazy cat took a nap. The cat, lazy from overeating, took a napPropositi on BeforenounAfternounOn the couch, the cattook a nap.The cat on the couchtook a nap.Past participle BeforenounAfternounThe tired cat took anap.Tires from chasingmice, the cat took a nap.Present participle without commas BeforenounAfternounThe sleeping cat took anap.The cat sleeping on thecouch is named “Sue”.Relative pronoun AfternounThe grey cat, whichloves tuna, took a nap.The cat that lives nextAnother noun BeforenounAfternounA lover of mice, my cathunts night and day.The cat, a tabby raisedon a farm, took a nap.Misplaced modifierWrong: Jim biked along an old dirt road to get to his house, which cut through the woods. Right: To get to his house, Jim biked along an old dirt road, which cut through the woods.Dangling modifierWrong: Resigned to the bad news, there was no commotion in the office.Wrong: There was no commotion in the office, resigned to the bad news.Right: Resigned to the bad news, the officeworkers make no commotion.Also true for verb modifiers:Wrong: Using the latest technology, the problem was indentified.Right: Using the latest technology, the engineer indentified the problem.Modifiers have to make sense.Wrong: Only in the past century has origami’s development, a ceremonial activity invented millennia ago, into a true art form taken place. Right: Origami-a ceremonial activity invented millennia ago- has developed into a true art form only in the past century.Noun modifiers with relative clauseThat or whom can be dropped when acting as the objectiveThe security guard we met was nice.The movie we watched last Friday was scary.“Where” cannot be used to modify a metaphorical placeSuch as condition, situation, case, circumstance, or arrangementWrong: We had an arrangement where he cooked and I cleaned.Right: We had an arrangement in which he cooked and I cleaned.Essential vs. non-essential noun modifiersVerb modifiersType PositionExampleAdverb BeforeverbAfterverb Frequently, I walk to the store.I frequently walk to the store.I walk frequently to the store.Preposition Beforeverb On Mondays, I walk to the storeAfter verbI walk to the store on Mondays.SubordinatorBefore verb After verbWhenmycarisbroken, I walk to the store.I walk to the store when mycarisbroken.Some modifiers can modify both the subject and the verb. Type Positio nExample Present participle with comasBefore verbAfter verbWhistling “Beat it ”, Ilifted the weight. I lifted the weight, whistling“Beat it ”. Preposition + simple gerund Before verbAfter verbBy concentration, Ilifted the weight. I lifted the weight by concentration.Verb tense, mood and voiceTenseSimple tenseSimple present tense is often used to express “eternal” states or frequent events.Use simple present to define general definitions.Use simple present with state verbs such as KNOW and SIGNIFYProgressive tenseKeep verb tense consistentIf you want to switch tense, make it clear: Right: He is thinner now because he spent thelast six months on a strict diet.Present perfect: still in effectPresent perfect indicated either continued action or continued effect of a completed action. Right: The child drew a square in the sand, but the ocean erased it.Right: The child drew a square in the sand, but the ocean has erased it.Awkward: The child has drawn a square in the sand, but the ocean has erased it.If you want to talk about a specific, completed time period, use the simple past:Wrong: Veronica has traveled all over the world in 2007.Right: Veronica travelled all over the world in 2007.Past perfect: the earlier actionYou should use past perfect only to clarify or emphasize a sequence of past events.If the sequence is already obvious, we do not need to use past perfect.Right: Antonio drove to the store and bought some ice cream.When you see BEFORE Or AFTER, don’t use the past perfect.Right: Laura locked the deadbolt before she left for work.Tense sequenceScientist: The supercollider is ready, it did not cost too much, and it will provide new insights into the working of the universe.Report: The scientist announced that the supercollider was ready, that it had not cost too much, and that it would provide new insights into the workings of the universe.Avoid mixing present tense with conditionaltense:Right: The scientist believes that the machine will be wonderful.Right: The scientist believed that the machine would be wonderful.Wrong: The scientist believes that the machine would be wonderful.Wrong: The scientist believed that the machine will be wonderful.The subjunctive moodHypothetical subjunctiveIf…then constructionsType Form ExampleGeneral rule with no uncertainty If present,then presentIf Sophie eatspizza, then shebecomes ill.General rule with some uncertainty If present,then CAN orMAYIf Sophie eatspizza, then shemay become ill.Particular case (in the future) with no uncertainty If present,then futureIf Sophie eatspizza tomorrow,then she willbecome ill.Unlikely case (in the future) Ifhypotheticalsubjunctive,thenconditionalIf Sophie atepizza tomorrow,then she wouldbecome ill.Case that never happened (in the past) If pastperfect, thenconditionalperfectIf Sophie hadeaten pizzayesterday, thenshe would havebecome ill.The command subjunctiveBossy verb + that + subject + command subjunctiveWrong: We propose the school board disband. Wrong: We propose that the school boardshould disband. Type WordExample Verbs that take only the command subjunctiveDemand,dictate, insist, propose, recommend, request, stipulate, suggestWe demand thathebehere.Verbs that take only infinitiveAdvise, allow, forbid, persuade, wantWe allow him to be here.Verbs that take either formAsk,beg, intend, order, prefer, urge, require Werequire thathebehere.We require him to be here.Nouns that take the command subjunctiveDemand, requestHisdemandthat he be paid full severance was not met.take the command subjunctive crucial,desirable,fitting,imperative,important,mandatory,preferable,urgent, vitalthat Gary beready beforesoon.Avoid the use of the command subjunctive after WHETHER.Wrong: I like ice cream, whether it be chocolate, vanilla, or any other flavor.Right: I like ice cream, whether it is chocolate, vanilla, or any other flavor.Active voice vs. passive voiceDo not use verbs besides BE to form the passive voice.Wrong: the pizza must got eaten today.ComparisonsComparison signalsLike AsUnlike As (adj.) asMore than As much asLess than As little asFaster than As fast asDifferent from The same asIn contrast to/withKeeping comparisons parall elComparisons must be logically parallelWrong: Frank’s build, like his brother, is broad and muscular.Right: Frank’s build, like his brother’s, is broad and muscular.Right: Frank’s build, like that of his brother, is broad and muscular.Right: Frank, like his brother, has a broad and muscular build.Comparisons must be structurally parallelWrong: I like to run through forests more than I enjoy walking through crowds.Right: I like running through forests more than walking through crowds.Omitted wordsPut in the omitted words or appropriate helping verbs only if you need to remove ambiguity. Right: Vishal eats more carrots than donuts. Wordy: Vishal eats more carrots than he dose donuts.Ambiguous: I like cheese more than Yvette. Right: I like cheese more than I do Yvette. Right: I like cheese more than Yvette does.Ambiguous: Tomas is more interested in video games than his girlfriend.Right: Tomas is more interested in video games than his girlfriend is.Right: Tomas is more interested in video games than in his girlfriend.GMAT occasionally allows unnecessary Helping verbs.Right: Apples are more healthy to eat than caramels.Right: Apples are more healthy to eat than caramels are.Comparative and superlative formsDo not compare an adverb that ends in –ly by changing the ending to –er.Wrong: Adrian runs quickly. He runs quicker than Jacob.Right: Adrian runs quickly. He runs more quickly than Jacob.However, some adverbs that do not end in –ly are made into comparatives by adding –er. Right: Adrian runs fast. He runs faster thanJacob.Do not use a comparative adjective unless you have a THAN in the sentence.Wrong: With winter coming, I will have higher energy bills.Wrong: I will have higher bills over last year. Right: I will have higher bills than last year.IdiomsImportant idiom listActThe bay acted as a funnel for the ride. (function as)My friend acted like a fool. (behave)AgreeThey agree that electrons exist.Electrons are particles that physicists agree exist.AidShe aids her neighbor.She provides aid to victims.Aid for victims is available.Her aid in walking the dog is appreciated.AimWe adopted new procedures aimed at reducing theft.We adopted new procedures with the aim of reducing theft.Aim to do 错误！AnxietyHis anxiety about his company’s future is ill-founded.His anxiety that his company may be sold is ill-founded.AppearImperfections appear as tiny cracks (show up as)He appears confused (seems)The dinosaurs appear to have been relatively smart.It appears that the dinosaurs were smart.AsAs I walked, I became more nervous.(during) As I had already paid, I was unconcerned. (because, since)As we did last year, we will win this year. ( in the same way)As the president of the company, she worked hard.(in the role of )As a child, I delivered newspapers. (in the stage of)My first job was an apprenticeship as a sketch artist.As part of the arrangement, he received severance.As…as…Cheese is not as great as people say.We have three times as many pears as you.His knowledge springs not so much from experience as from schooling.AskI asked for her aid.He asked her to go to the store.He asked that she go to the store.AwareAware of the danger, he fled.Aware that danger was near, he fled.With an aware that/of….错误！BanThey passed a ban prohibiting us from carrying bottles.They passed a ban that…错误！BeginThe movement began as a protest. (was born as) The movement began with a protest. (protest was the first part)The protest began a movement. (caused)BelieveShe believes that Gary is right.She believes Gary to be right.It is believed that Gary is right.Gary is believed to be right.BordersWithin the borders of a countryIn/inside the borders….错误！ButI study hard but take breaks.I study hard, but I take breaks.ChanceI have one chance in a thousand of winningtonight.ClaimThey claim that they can read minds.They claim to be able to read minds.Compared/comparisonIn comparison to/with horses, zebras are vicious.A zebra can be compared to a horse in many ways.Compared with a horse, a zebra is very hard to tame.ConfidenceWe have confidence that the market will recover.ConceiveHe conceives of architecture as a dialog. Conceive of sth. to be…. 错误！ConsiderI consider her a friend.I consider her intelligent.I consider illegal the law passed last week by the new regime.The law is considered illegal.ContendThey contend that they can decipher the code.ContinueThe danger will continue to grow.The danger will continue its growth.错误！CostPollution cost us billions in increased medical bills.CreateYou will create a team to lead the discussion.CreditHugo credits sally with good taste.Sally is credited with good taste.DangerWe are in danger of forgetting the past.DateThey dated the artifact at three centuries old. Dated to be 错误！DeclareI declared the election a fraud/ invalid.I declared invalid the referendum that the new regime imposed.DependThe outcome depends on whether he can make friends.DesignThe window is designed to open.DevelopThe executive developed her idea into a project. The idea developed into a project.DifferenceThere is a difference in ability between us. There is a difference between what you can do and what I can do.There are differences in what you and I can do.DisinclinedShe is disinclined to write to her parents.Distinguish/distinctionThe investor distinguished between trends and fads.There is a distinction between trends and fads.DoubtWe do not doubt that the apples are ripe.We have no doubt that the apples are ripe.She doubts whether Jan will arrive on time.ElectShe elected to withdraw her money early.EnoughThe book was short enough (for me) to read in a night.EnsureHe ensures that deadlines are metEquippedThey are equipped to fight on any terrain.EvenI am even richer than a king.I earn as much money as even the wealthiest king.ExpectWe expect the price to fall.The price is expected to fall.We expect that the price will fall.It is expected that the price will fall.There is an expectation that the price will fall.ExpendWe expend energy on neighborhood development.ExtentWe enjoyed the film to some extent. “Thumbs part up”is the extent to which we enjoyed the film.FaultThe criminals are at the fault for breaking the law.ForbidThe law forbids any citizen to vote twice.GoalThe goal is to expand the company.He helps (to) rake the leaves.He helps me (to) rake the leaves.His help in raking the leaves has been welcome.HoldThe law holds that jaywalking is illegal.InsteadWe avoided the arcade and instead went to a movie.IntentI went with the intent to leave soon.I went with the intent/intention of leaving soon.KnowWe know her to be brilliant.She is known to be brilliant.We know him as Reggie.He is known as Reggie.Old gadgets are lacking in features.Old gadgets lack features.The lack of features is upsetting.LessLess than 10%Lower than 10% 错误！LikelyMy friend is likely to eat worm.It is likely that my friend will eat worm.My friend is more likely than my enemy to eat worms.My friend is twice as likely as my enemy to eat worms.More than likely, my friend will eat worms.LossI have suffered a loss of strength. (decline in quality)They have suffered a loss in the euro. (decline ininvestment)MandateThe general mandated that a trench be dug.MassThe truck has ten times the mass of a small car. The truck is ten times the mass of a small car. 错误！MeansMusic education is a means to improved cognition.A means of/for. 错误！NativeThe kangaroo is native to Australia.My friend is a native of Australia.Not…butShe did not eat mangoes but ate other kinds of fruit.A tomato is not a vegetable but a fruit.NumberThe number of dogs has fallen.Dogs have fallen in number.错误！OweHe owes money to government for back taxes.PrivilegeThe academy gave senior cadets dancing privileges.Worse: the academy gave senior cadets the privilege of dancing.PronounceShe pronounced the book a triumph.ProposeThey attorneys proposed that a settlement be reached.The attorneys proposed to meet for lunch.。

Manhattan阅读理解笔记

Manhattan 阅读理解笔记Chapter 1 做题原则阅读理解题目的逻辑：在GMAT考试当中，考生将会遇到4篇文章，每篇文章3—4道题，总共12-16道题。

题目或长或短，长的文章基本上在300个单词，包括3-5段；短的文章大概200-250单词，包含2-3段。

文章有些时候也会出现一个段落式的结构，文章长短的出现顺序不定。

问题每次出现一道题。

每篇文章的问题数量不确定，但是长文章很可能会比短文章出现的题目更多。

阅读理解的难度：内容广泛，GMAT考试不要求考生对相关专业知识了解，但是所给的阅读材料是给读过大学这样一个群体的人看的。

阅读理解材料来源于期刊、报纸，并且十分复杂。

考生必须通过电脑屏幕阅读跟平时的阅读习惯不同不能提前预知所有问题，因此也不能根据问题猜测文章的内容；考生必须在读懂文章的情况下做题阅读时间有限制，考生必须以每题1.75分钟的速度做题，这个时间包括阅读文章在内一篇文章会重复考多道题，必须坚持做完，不能放弃。

阅读理解题目所占的比重比较大，必须认真对待阅读理解题目的两个极端和一个均衡方法信息导向，忽略不重要信息直接寻找跟题目相关的信息的做题方法，这种方法节省时间，但是犯错的概率也大。

细节导向，仔细阅读文章的每一个细节，不遗漏任何信息的方法，这种方法虽然能够理解文章透彻，但是浪费了大量时间。

平衡这两个极端的方法是，大局观阅读者（big picture reader）。

在做题之前，先阅读文章熟悉文章结构，段落的开始很慢，牢牢抓住主要信息。

但是在段落结束时，速度变快，忽略一些次要信息。

主动阅读和有效阅读。

这样一种阅读方法能够避免在看完文章之后觉得是浪费时间，掌握这样一种方法的7个原则：✧融入到文章中去，带有个人感情投入到阅读当中。

假装自己对这则材料很感兴趣，积极面对材料，能够增加知识。

识别出材料中的正面的内容还是负面的内容，使自己能够全身心的投入到相关问题中去。

不要觉得文章很让你害怕。

✧找出文章主旨，一般都在段落前面。

GMAT语法全总结

GMAT 个人语法笔记说明本笔记全面覆盖PREP2008 所有知识点，Manhattan 所有语法点，新东方丽丽所讲的我个人觉得靠谱的语法点，管卫东语法点以及平时真题时遇到的语法点，有很强的覆盖性！编撰此笔记旨在方便各位CDer在需要时查询各个知识点并快速定位到相应解释！时间紧迫的复习者也可直接看此笔记作为复习！需要提醒各位，GMAC最近加大了逻辑和语义的考察力度，在做题中一定要加强逻辑和语义的判断！语法只能作为提速和初步判断的工具！切记！感谢Chasedream和各位大牛的鼎力支持！制作时间：2011年9月18日Like 用法总结一． Like 用法三原则原则一：like比较的是名词和名词。

要找准比较对象。

原则二：Just like 是wordy, like就可以了。

Like**, **also 也是redundant。

原则三：要把like的句子改写成as（连词）引导的从句的话，要补上从句的谓语动词（或助动词），并且该动词和主句的动词应该没有逻辑上的矛盾。

二. Like九条及例题woodorstone总结得挺好。

我自己也总结了9条，改了改发出来，一家之言，仅供参考。

例子太长，没贴，可根据文中题号，到大全987和og里找到。

1. as作连词，like作介词时，才可表示”象...一样”2. like 和 as 的优缺点like优点是，直接接名词，简洁，比as灵活，象得没as那么象。

但有时太灵活以至导致歧义(e.g.,og060.A)。

相比之下as的优点是准确，缺点是过于死板，以致于有时导致逻辑上不通。

（e.g.,og119.C)3. like 常用于比较名词，作独立成分，大部分时候出现在句首。

(e.g.,og091)但like+n.也可作表语 (looks like, reads like (e.g.,大全568))，或普通状语（说普通是区分独立成分）(v.+like+n.,e.g., og119)。

mahattan笔记六七八

Chapter61、形容词与副词是常见的修饰语：形容词只能修饰名词或代词；而副词可以修饰除了名词或代词的一切词，如动词、形容词、副词、短语、介词甚至整个句子。

副词通常以-ly结尾。

要注意像feel这样的动词后面接形容词而不是副词，因为该形容词修饰的是名词主语而不是feel。

如：Amy is feel GOOD. (good修饰主语Amy.)2、在语法考题里经常会出现两个语法修饰结构：形容词+形容词+名词：在此结构中，两个形容词都修饰名词; 副词+形容词+名词：在此结构中，副词修饰形容词，形容词修饰名词。

这两个结构的意思是不一样的，要通过作者的意思来选择。

如：Wrong：James Joyce is Max’sSUPPOSEDLY Irish ancestor.Right：James Joyce is Max’s SUPPOSEDIrish ancestor.在这个句子里James Joyce不一定是Max的ancestor，但James Joyce一定是爱尔兰人。

所以选择用supposed去修饰名词ancestor。

Wrong：Max’s grandmothe r is his SUPPOSED Irishancestor.Right : Max’s grandmotheris his SUPPOSEDLY Irish ancestor.在这句里，问题变成了Max’s grandmother是不是爱尔兰人，而不是grandmother是不是Max的ancestor。

所以这里应该选择supposedly修饰Irish。

3、名词修饰语目的在于告诉你更多关于被修饰名词的信息，或者说明句子具体讨论的是哪一个名词。

作用就像是一个长的形容词，前一两个单词决定它的词性。

修饰语与被修饰名词：Type/first word位置Example形容词名词前名词后The LAZY cat took a nap.The cat, LAZY form overeating, took a nap.介词名词前名词后On the couch, the cattook a nap. The cat ON the couch took a nap.过去分词名词前名词后The TIRED cat took a nap.The cat, TIRED from chasing mice, took a nap.现在分词名词前名词后The sleeping cat took a nap.The cat sleeping on the rugis named “sue”.关系代词名词后The grey cat, WHICH loves tuna, took a nap. The cat THA T lives next door is noisy.A person WHO lives next door is noisy. The city WHERE I live is noisy.其它名词名词前名词后A LOVER of mice, my cat hunts night and day, The cat, a TABBY raised on a farm, took a nap.4、一个修饰其它名词的名词，叫做同位语。

曼哈顿语法笔记

Chapter 3:主谓一致注意主语和谓语之间构成的逻辑意义相符合Wrong: The development of a hydrogen car based on expected performance parameters will be able to travel hundreds of miles without refueling.Right: Once developed, a hydrogen car based on expected performance parameters will be able to travel hundreds of miles without refueling.主语谓语之间必须做到单复数相符合Eliminate the middlemen and Skip and warmup (准确做到正常的跳读)没有必要的句子成分尽量少读介词短语，从句，其他修饰成分善于利用句子的机构去判断单复数The tidal forces to which an object falling into a black hole is subjected are sufficient to tear the object apart.And 和 additive phases（注意 mathematics，aerobics，diabetes,citus 都是单数的形式）Media 是 medium 的复数形式。

Either or（就近原则确定谓语单复数）集体名词People: agency, army, audience, class, committee, crowd, orchestra, teamItems: baggage, citrus, equipment, fleet, fruit, furniture.用单数Our army of a hundred thousand soldiers is attacking the enemy.不定代词SANAM：some, any, none, all, more/most这几个词语要依据不同情形确定单复数Any of these women is a suitable candidate for marriage to my son.Not one of my friends is here this weekend.Every and eachEvery dog has paws.Every dog and cat has paws.Each of these shirts is pretty.The number of和a number of 的用法要注意注意 there be 句型的单复数There are a young man and an older woman at the bus stop.注意：Pong is a classic game from which have descended many current computer pastimes.（这里用了倒装）相当于那个预言的题目，多多注意Chapter 4：平行准则Wrong: I want to retire to a place where I can relax and I pay low taxes.Right: I want to retire to a place where I can relax and where I pay low taxes.使用 where 能够减少歧义。

ManhattanGMATRC笔记全

ManhattanGMATRC笔记全Manhattan RC 笔记第一章：几个原则1.engage with the passage筛选有用信息，存在working memory中….2.找到文章想讲述的那个simple story。

（就是文章的核心，主旨）训练方法：A.用简洁语言复述文章内容B.用简洁语言概括每段含义C.找到事件的起因，经过，结果。

找到每个人的对于文章内容的态度！（尤其注意转折和对比的地方）3.把你读到的东西和你已经知道的东西联系起来(难道是背景知识？)（此处介绍了美国人弱智的联想法…省略…有兴趣的童鞋可以上CD找Active reading的方法）4.一定要读懂文章的前几句话！把握住文章的重心！！方法：A.抓住具体名词，B.找到其发出的动作，C.省略细节（方法这里书中提到了把长难句分解成几个简单句，理解后再组装到一起）5.把你现在读到的东西和之前读到的东西联系起来！！（对文章整体要把握）6.关注信号词！！（转折，递进，比较，态度等）7.注意节奏（不要抓细枝末节，但是要知道每个detail的大概位置，方便细节题回文定位）Again！！注意理解文章开头的几句话，关注转折，关注结果！！第二章：文章的组成（要点，背景，支持性的论述或例子，文章的暗示含义或者说是预测）1.要点（包括解决方案，对问题的回答，新的观点，理由或原因）主语要点和文章主题的关系！2.背景（为了了解文章所需知道的信息）3.support（支持文章所用的例子或者观点）4.implication（要点导致的结果）5.书中在这里提到一个预示文中提到problem-------------预示着要点是resolution文中提到question-------------预示着要点是answer文中提到老观点-------------- 预示着要点是新观点文中提到observation------- 预示着要点是reason或new idea 注意：预示不是一定出现的，不要过于依赖。

GMAT语法笔记

GMAT语法笔记个人GMAT语法笔记,综合ManhattanSC及prep语法笔记主谓一致一.原则1.主谓必须同时存在连词开头的句子一定要有主句，否则是错误的becae,if,when,although从句开头的句子，若从句后面没有逗号，一定错。

2.主语和谓语从逻辑上一定要合理，且主语和谓语在单复数上要一致。

当不清楚主语是否应该是单数/复数的时候，看宾语，想造成这个宾语的主语是什么样的★若不知道主语是否单复，就想是什么造成公司的上涨。

肯定是一件事。

所以是单数3.找到真正的主语---去掉介宾短语，从句及动词短语修饰词介宾短语（of,／forby,／in,／with／,at,／to,／on,／from后面的词不是主语可以忽略，所以要学会看到介词跳读。

）从句始终只是句子中辅助的成分，类似大形容词，大名词或大副词4.不能确定的话，一般用单数谓语动词规律1.and连接几个不同的（单数）名词的时候构成复数结构，谓语动词要用复数2.就前原则的短语morethan;nolethan;beide;e某cept;3.就近原则：or,nor,either…or;neither…nor；not...but..(notthat…butratherthat…);notonly…butalo;（注意，只有either，neither做主语时，谓语动词用单数）5.模糊代词，谓语动词用单数：(-one,-thing)Anyone,anybody,anything,Noone,nobody,nothing,notoneEach,every(apronoun)Someone,omebody,omethingEveryone,everybody,everything,whatever,whoeverEither,neither(mayrequireapluralverbifpairedwithor/nor)6.以下代词的单复数由后面的名词决定：Someof,Anyof,None,Allof,More/Motof,nohalfof,majority,minority,pluralityof,theretof,分数/百分数Ifyouwanttoindicatethetotalityitelf,thenueaingularverbform.e.g.ThemajorityofthetudentinthiclaAREhardworker.个人GMAT语法笔记,综合ManhattanSC及prep语法笔记7.each/every做主语，单数：由each/every开头+任何名词（不论单复数）单数谓语EverydogandcatHASpaw.复数名词（代词）+each+复数谓语TheyeachAREgreattenniplayer9.agroupof/abodyof/anarrayof/aerieof/aetof/aportionof+复数名词，谓语动词用单数！10.atotalof,anaverageof+复数名词，复数vtheaverageof+复数名词，单数v10.一些表示学科的词（phyic,mathematic）、一些活动－有氧运动（aerobic）和一些疾病－糖尿病（diabete）虽然以S结尾，仍属于单数名词，谓语动词用单数当tatitic做“统计数据”，economic做“经济政策”时，复数v；new谓语动词用单数pecie物种（单数）4.集合名词看做整体，谓语动词用单数：如果说一种动物比如cat（无冠词）。

GMATSCManhatten曼哈顿语法总结(770NN)

目录Subject-verb agreement ............................ 错误!未定义书签。

Fragment: Subject and verb must both exist........................... 错误!未定义书签。

Sense: Subject and verb must make sense together. ............... 错误!未定义书签。

Number agreement: Subject and verb must agree in number . 错误!未定义书签。

Additive phrases................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

Or, either…or, neither…nor: ne arest................................................. 错误!未定义书签。

Collective nouns: almost always singular ......................................... 错误!未定义书签。

Indefinite pronouns: usually singular................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

SANAMM words: some; any; none; all; more; most; ...................... 错误!未定义书签。

Each and every.................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。

曼哈顿语法中文

Manhattan语法（第五版）中文笔记－by equalgirl目录一总原则二意思与简洁三主语与谓语(主谓一致)四平行五代词六修饰语七动词（时态，语气，主被动）八比较九习语十简洁＋平行（高阶）十一代词＋修饰语（高阶）十二动词＋比较（高阶）附：固定搭配词组一、SC 的做题方法与原则1．不是找对的，而是选最好的。

2．方法：排除法，首先在稿纸上写下所有选项，然后根据一些相似性将答案大致分组，根据各组的不同特点划去错误的，比较剩余选项，针对区别进行判断，剩下最好的。

要点：读句子，懂意思，找出划线与未划线的关系。

看选项，先找出不同，肯定多于2处。

从最好入手的比较开始排除，优先主谓一致，单复数，平行，代词，时态。

最后代入句子检查尤其注意划线与未划线是否一致。

要最快速的排除并选出答案，而不要纠结于每个错误。

3．做改错题时，首先应通读句子，找出句子中能帮助做题的关键词。

在很多情况下，句子中帮助做题的关键词离划线部分会很远。

4．GMC 原则(grammar, meaning and concision):主谓一致，平行，代词，修饰，动词时态、语态和主被动，比较和习惯用法二、意思与句子简洁(GMC原则语法，语义，简洁)GMAT改错题关键的三个要点，顺序依次为：STEP 1、首先看有无语法错误（习惯说法不一定正确）STEP 2、看意思表达是否准确（不会读2遍以上才明白也不会产生歧义）STEP 3、是否简洁（能用6个词不要用10个词）（一）意思1．正确用词①Economic-经济的；economical-节约的；合算的；有效的②Aggravate-加重，恶化；aggravating-令人愤怒的③Known as –被认为是，很著名；known to be-被承认…；known for④Loss of –失去；loss in-贬值⑤Mandate-命令；have a mandate-拥有选举权⑥Native of- （人）来自；native to –物种起源于⑦Range of –多种的；ranging-变化⑧Rate of –速度或频率；rates for –价格…⑨Rise –上升,形容无方向，单纯上升；raise-（打赌或工资）上涨，有方向⑩Such as –比如；like-好像（举例只能用such as, 不能用like）⑾Try to do –努力去完成；try doing –尝试去做⑿impale-刺穿；impel-逼迫2．情态动词（1）当原句意思上没有问题时，忠实原句，不做任何修改，即使修改过来也成立。

GMAT曼哈顿语法中文版.doc

My Manhattan(5th) Notes——DaisyotwCH1 SC Basics1.控制在60s~75s2.做题步骤：理解原句，垂直阅读选项，split 排除错误，放回原文检查CH2 Grammar&Meaning一.语法：主谓一致，平行，代词，修饰语，动词时态、语和主被动，比较和习语二.语义：1.词的选择：(1) 注意一词多义Economic-经济的；economical-节约的；合算的；有效的Aggravate- 加重，恶化；aggravating- 令人愤怒的Known as –被认为是，很著名；known to be- 被承认⋯；known forLoss of –失去；loss in-贬值Mandate- 命令；have a mandate-拥有选举权Native of- （人）来自；native to –物种起源于Range of –多种的；ranging-变化Rate of –速度或频率；rates for –价格⋯Rise-上升,无方向，单纯上升；raise- （打赌或工资）上涨，有方向Such as –比如；like- 好像（举例只能用such as, 不能用like ）Try to do –努力去完成；try doing –尝试去做Impale- 刺穿；impel- 逼迫(2) 情态动词(may,will,must,should) 不要随意添加或改变(*should 表“应该”，不表示likelihood; 法律法规只能用must 不能用should)(3)选项和原文态度一致2.词的位置：关注重点词(all,only) 和句子整体顺序3.词的搭配：主谓一致，逻辑一致，make sense三.避免冗余：1. 在一个句子中，不要用两个意思一样的词Rise-increase;sum-total;regain-again;enable-be able to;attempt-try;other than-opposite;drop-decrease;sufficient-enough;including-among;have to –require及近义词then-later; so-in order to2.注意being 、having ，虽然二者大多数情况是错的，但GMAT 也通常会制造一些其他的语法错误，使得此类选项稍好一点。

GMAT Manhattan 常考短语总结

order：order to do，order that+虚拟语注意only修是谁就放在谁的前面。
once：用once，不用 at one time。
object：反对，object to，不用名词形式。
number：the number of ,a number of ,it's numbers.注意单复数。没有 in number的说法。
rise：rise一般不用被动语态，什么rise就是什么rise。a rise in oil，不能使a raise in oil，the rising of 不能是 a rising of price
reveal：只能用reveal that从句，不能省略that，也不能reveal to。
result：result from,result in is a result of, as a result of, the result of xxx is that,没有，with the result of， with a resulting， resulting from
recognize：recognize that；recognize to be；recognize as+名词
rebel：背叛谁 rebel against sb
reason，have a reason to do , have a reason for +名词, a reason that ,没有 a reason why,也没有，reason...because..
refer：refer to，直接就是XXX refer to，不用 xxx is used to refer to。只能用referring to，不能用 in reference to。

解读GMAT语法备考资料之曼哈顿语法【武汉GMAT语法备考】

解读GMAT语法备考资料之曼哈顿语法>>>武汉申友GMAT编辑<<< MANHATTAN 最著名的是它的语法部分MANHATTAN Sentence Correction，这本书目前更新到了第六版，对于GMAT小白来说，可以说是入门必备，正如这本书的Strategy Guide中所介绍的:“This essential guide takes the guesswork out of grammar by presenting all of the major grammatical principles and minor grammatical points known to be tested on the GMAT. Do not be caught relying only on your ear; master the rules for correcting every GMAT sentence.”简言之就是，这本书通过给入门者建立一个完整严谨的语法知识体系，让大家知道GMAT OG里那么多题怎么分类、有哪些考点，在做题时，要遵循什么样的做题步骤，有哪些做题原则，拿到一道题目的时候，应该怎样去切入，是句法结构，还是主谓一致，还是平行结构，是比较考点还是逻辑语义等等，今天申友GMAT 语法名师Regina老师就给大家介绍一下如何正确的使用曼哈顿语法这本书。

一、MANHATTAN Sentence Correction的主要内容是什么MANHATTAN Sentence Correction的目录刚好就是OG 140多道SC题目的考点之所在，且本书每一个章节的内容就是围绕着这九大考点（Grammar 、Meaning、Sentence Structure、Modifiers、Parallelism、Comparisons、Pronouns、Verbs、Idioms）依次展开讲解的，并配以正确句子和错误句子的展示，同学们可以通过此书来完善自己语法知识体系，建议和OG配套使用，它会为大家在学习SC的路上扫除很多疑虑。

Manhattan语法重点摘录+附录分析+难点

Manhattan 语法重点摘录+附录分析+难点语法题重点摘录第一章、概要...................................................................... ............................................. 2 第二章、语法和含义 ..................................................................... ................................... 3 第三章、主谓搭配 ..................................................................... . (5)第四章、平行 ..................................................................... ............................................ 8 第五章、代词 ..................................................................... ........................................... 11 第六章、修饰 ..................................................................... ...........................................13 第七章、动词的时态、语气和表达 ..................................................................... ...........20 第八章、比较...................................................................... ............................................26 第十章、零碎知识 ..................................................................... (27)1)ConnectingWords .................................................................. (27)2)connectingpunctuation ............................................................ . (28)3)Quantity ......................................................... .....................................................29 第十一章、简洁，主谓，平行(高阶) .................................................................... .. (30)第十二章、介词和修饰(高阶)..................................................................... .................35 第十三章、动词与比较(高阶) .................................................................... . (40)感谢CD为我提供了这么多的资源，也希望这篇精简能帮到更多的为梦想奋斗的CDer。