动词-ed形式作定语

一、动词-ed形式作定语

过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词, 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如：spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);

但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。

1. The tall man is a returned student．

高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。

2. My parents are both retired teachers．

我的父母都是退休教师。

(1)前置定语

单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。

The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。

Lost time can never be found again．虚度的时光, 无法挽回。

(2)后置定语

①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。

1. Everything used should be marked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。

2. The books left are for my students．剩下的书是给我的学生的。

②动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。

1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?

(=That has been planned for tonight)

2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success．这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。

(=which was attended by a lot of people)

1) Most of the artists __________ to the party were from South Africa.

A. invited

B. to invite

C. being invited

D. had been invited

2) The first text books ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A. having written

B. to be written

C. being written

D. written

3) The Olympic games,_______ in 776 BC, didn't include women players until 1912.

A. first playing

B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be first playing

4) Prices of daily foods _______through a computer can be lower than prices in stores.

A. are bought

B. bought

C. been bought

D. buying

5) Mr. Smith,____ of the speech, started to read a ____ novel.

A. tired, boring

B. tiring, bored

C. tired, bored

D. tiring, boring

二、动词-ed形式作表语

过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：

He looked worried after reading the letter．看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。

When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。

He seemed quite delighted at the idea．听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。

所修饰。

I was very pleased at the news．

听了这消息我很高兴。

He grew much tired of the work．

他十分厌倦这工作。

He seemed quite delighted at the idea.

听了这想法他似乎很高兴。

1)Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour.

A. pay

B. paying

C. paid

D. to pay

2) As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends.

A. separated

B. spared

C. lost

D. missed

3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing.

A. seat

B. seating

C. seated