动词-ed形式作定语
动词ing和动词ed作定语的用法
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非谓语动词做后置定语的三种形式
非谓语动词做后置定语的三种形式非谓语动词做后置定语是英语语法中的一种常见现象。
在句中，非谓语动词通常作为名词或代词的修饰语，起到补充说明的作用。
非谓语动词常见的三种形式包括动词-ing形式，动词-ed形式以及不定式形式。
下面我们就分别介绍一下这三种形式的用法及注意事项。
动词-ing形式动词-ing形式在句中通常表示一个正在进行的动作，作为名词或代词的后置定语修饰主语或宾语。
例如：1. I saw a woman reading a book in the park.（我在公园里看见一个正在读书的女人。
）2. The boy singing on the stage is my cousin.（在舞台上唱歌的男孩是我的表兄。
）需要注意的是，当动作与主句中的动作同时发生时，动词-ing形式可以与主句的情态动词或其他动词的进行时形式连用。
例如：1. She is always studying hard, trying to get high grades.（她总是努力学习，希望获得高分。
）2. I’m sorry, I can’t talk right now. I’m cooking dinner.（对不起，我现在不能和你聊天。
我正在做饭。
）动词-ed形式动词-ed形式通常表示完成的动作或对主语或宾语造成的影响或结果。
例如：1. The movie bored me. （这部电影让我感到无聊。
）2. The book written by the famous author was really good.（那个著名作家写的书非常好。
）需要注意的是，动词-ed形式还可以用来修饰某些情态动词或助动词，形成被动语态，例如：1. The letter has been written by my secretary.（这封信已经被我的秘书写好了。
）2. The house was built by my grandfather many years ago.（这个房子是我祖父很多年前建造的。
动词ed作后置定语
如何使用动词-ed形式作后置定语一、动词-ed形式的构成动词-ed形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，也称为过去分词。
它的构成方法有以下几种：一般情况下，直接在动词原形后加-ed，如：work-worked, play-played, study-studied等。
以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接加-d，如：live-lived, hope-hoped, love-loved等。
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied, carry-carried, worry-worried等。
重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped, plan-planned, rob-robbed等。
不规则动词的过去分词形式，要根据词典或记忆，如：see-seen, go-gone, write-written等。
二、动词-ed形式的含义和功能动词-ed形式作后置定语时，表示其所修饰的名词或代词与动作之间的被动关系，即名词或代词是动作的承受者或结果。
如：a broken window 一个被打破的窗户a stolen car 一辆被偷走的汽车a surprised look 一种惊讶的表情动词-ed形式作后置定语时，还可以表示其所修饰的名词或代词的状态，特征，性质等，相当于形容词。
如：a retired worker 一个退休的工人a crowded bus 一辆拥挤的公共汽车a satisfied customer 一个满意的顾客三、动词-ed形式的位置和顺序动词-ed形式作后置定语时，一般放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面，与名词或代词构成名词短语。
如：the book written by him 他写的书the girl dressed in red 穿红衣服的女孩the problem solved yesterday 昨天解决的问题如果动词-ed形式带有修饰语或其他成分，如介词短语，从句等，则一般用做后置定语，相当于定语从句。
英语语法解析 动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式的区别
英语语法解析动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式的区别动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式都属于非谓语动词，在语法功能上非常相似，但意义相差较大。
-ing形式一般表示主动含义，表示正在进行的或一般性的动作；而-ed形式一般表示被动含义，表示已经完成或被动的动作。
1.动词-ing形式具有名词的性质，所以它在句中可以作主语和宾语，而动词-ed形式不具有名词的性质，所以在句中不能作主语和宾语。
Taking exercise is beneficial to our health. 锻炼对我们的健康有益。
（主语）She suggested going shopping this Sunday. 她建议这个星期天去购物。
（宾语）2.动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作定语的区别动词-ing形式作定语一般表示主动含义，而动词-ed形式作定语一般表示被动含义（不及物动词的过去分词一般表完成，不表被动）；动词-ing 形式作定语一般表示动作正在进行，而动词-ed形式作定语一般表示动作已经完成。
I’m glad to hear the exciting news. 我很高兴听到这个令人兴奋的消息。
（表主动）The cat drawn by the boy was very lovely. 男孩画的猫非常可爱。
（表被动）The ground was covered fallen leaves. 地上覆盖着落叶。
（不及物动词表完成）The rising sun is a symbol of hope. 冉冉升起的太阳象征着希望。
（表动作正在进行）They looked up at the risen sun. 他们仰望着已升起的太阳。
（表动作完成）3.动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语的区别动词-ing形式作表语一般表示主语的性质和特征，含义为“令人……”；动词-ed形式作表语一般表示人的感受，含义为“（某人）感觉……”。
单元语法专题复习(动词-ed作定语、状语和宾语补足语)(解析版)
专题16语法专题复习（动词-ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语）【语法讲解】一、动词-ed形式作定语1.前置定语与后置定语(1)单个的动词的-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，作前置定语。
修饰复合不定代词的动词-ed形式作后置定语。
A watched pot never boils.All the broken doors and windows have been repaired.Is there anything unfinished?（后置）(2)作后置定语的-ed形式一般都带有修饰语或其他成分，在语法上相当于一个定语从句。
We have read many novels written by this author. （= that are written by this author）A woman, dressed like a lawyer, came in and took her seat as judge. (= who was dressed like alawyer)2.动词的-ed作定语的意义(1)及物动词的-ed形式作定语：被修饰词与动词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系且表示动作已经完成；或只表示被动意义。
some boiled water（表示被动和完成）He is a film star loved by many young fans.（表示被动）(2)不及物动词的-ed形式作定语：只表示已经完成的动作。
The street is covered with fallen leaves.（表示完成）二、动词的-ed形式作状语1.动词的-ed形式作状语和-ing形式作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
Shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. （表时间，= After we had been shown the lab...）Moved by the heroic deeds, the children couldn't help crying. （表原因，= Since they were moved by the heroic deeds ...）Given more time, he would be able to do better. （表条件，= If water is heated...）Laughed at by many people, he continued his research. （表让步，= Even if he was laughed by many people ...）The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.（表伴随，= and he was surrounded by the students）2.动词-ed形式作状语，可以和连词一起使用。
英语语法详解 动词ed形式的构成和用法
英语语法详解动词ed形式的构成和用法动词-ed形式的构成：由动词原形+ed构成（也有一些动词为不规则动词），也称为动词的过去分词。
动词-ed形式仍保留着动词的特征，可以跟宾语和状语。
I'd like the problem solved quickly. 我希望这个问题能尽快解决。
（带有自己的状语）Offered more opportunities, he could have done it better. 如果提供给他更多的机会，他可能会做得更好。
（带有自己的宾语）动词-ed形式的否定形式：由not/never+动词-ed形式构成。
Not watered in time, the flowers withered. 没有及时浇水，花朵枯萎了。
动词-ed形式的含义：一般及物动词的-ed形式表示完成的和被动的动作；不及物动词的-ed 形式只表示完成，不表被动。
With all the things bought, he went home happily. 东西都买齐了，他高高兴兴地回家了。
（表被动表完成）Autumn is coming, and the ground is full of fallen leaves. 秋天来了，地上满是落叶。
（表完成）动词-ed形式的用法动词-ed形式具有动词，形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作定语，表语，状语，补语。
1.动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作定语既可以放在所修饰名词的前面，称为前置定语，也可以放在所修饰名词的后面，称为后置定语。
单个的动词-ed形式作定语一般放在所修饰名词的前面（少数单个动词-ed形式作定语放在所修饰名词的后面，如left）；而动词-ed形式的短语作定语一般放在所修饰名词的后面。
The disappointed look on her face suggested she was very sad. 她脸上失望的表情表明她很伤心。
动词-ing和-ed形式作定语
1. 动词-ing形式做定语，一般具有两种含义：a.表明被修饰名词的用途和性能，放在被修饰名词的前面。
a folding chair 折叠椅 a sleeping bag 睡袋a washing room 洗漱间 a diving board 跳板a fishing pole 钓鱼杆b. 表示被修饰名词或代词的动作或状态，可以和定语从句相互转换。
an surprising answer( an answer that surprises somebody)a running car (a car that is running)如果动词形式以短语形式做定语我们通常将其放在所修饰名词或代词的后面做后置定语。
The lady standing over there is our English teacher. (who is standing over there)需要注意的是上面做定语的动词-ing形式多表示被修饰词正在进行的动作或习惯性动作；如果做定语的动词-ing形式所表示的动作和主句谓语的动作不能同时发生，则不能用-ing形式做定语而必须用定语从句形式。
例如：昨天来我们学校的那位教授将在明天给我们做报告。
The professor who came to our school yesterday will give us a lecture tomorrow.2.动词-ed形式做定语可分为前置定语和后置定语两种。
1．前置定语单个动词-ed形式做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，做前置定语。
a.如果是及物动词的-ed形式，则表被动表完成。
例如：boiled water开水（可能是热的也可能是凉的）（水被煮开而且煮的动作已经完成） a pre-printed application form 提前印好的申请表b. 如果是不及物动词的-ed形式，则仅表完成无被动含义。
例如：a retired worker 退休工人fallen leaves 落叶 a newly arrived guest 一位新来的客人2．后置定语如果是动词-ed 形式带修饰语或其他成分，则一般用做后置定语,相当于定语从句。
动词的ing或ed形式做定语讲解与练习总结
动词的iｎg或eｄ形式做定语讲解与练习--总结————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期：ﻩ用作定语时,动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词, 动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词。
动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的－ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的－ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。
如:1.Hｅis aｎaｔtackｉng pｌayer.他是一个攻击型的运动员。
(表示运动员的特征）2.Ｈe askeｄan embarrassｉng quｅstioｎ.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
(表示“令人….”) 3．A littｌe child learｎｉｎg to ｗalk ｏfｔen falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置)４.Do yｏuｋｎow the number oｆｐeople comiｎg to the parｔy?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？(表示被修饰词的动作或状态,动词短语后置）ﻫ1.A yｏｕng man writing nｏvels 注意：当-inｇ形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。
如:ﻫcａme to speak to ｕs yeｓterday．→A young man who writeｓnoveｌｓcame to spｅak ｔo us yesteｒday.ﻫ一位写小说的2．Ｔｈe gｉｒl siｔtｉngｎext ｔo mｅwas my cousin.青年昨天来向我们作报告。
ﻫ→The girl who waｓｓiｔting next to meｗas my cousｉn.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
另外需要注意的是上面做定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作是正在进行的工作或习惯性的动作，如果和主句谓语的动作不能同时发生时，则不能用-inｇ形式做定语而必须用定语从句形式。
高考英语语法：动词的-ed形式作定语
2019高考英语语法：动词的-ed形式作定语动词的-ed形式作定语动词的-ed形式作定语修饰名词分为前置和后置两类。
1.前置定语单个的动词的-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，作前置定语。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
All the broken doors and windows have been repaired. 所有的坏门窗都修好了。
When we arrived, we each were given a printed question paper. 我们到达的时候，每人被发给了一份印制好的试卷。
提示：如要表示强调，单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定语。
Money spent is more than money earned. 入不敷出。
2.后置定语作后置定语的-ed形式一般都带有修饰语或其他成分，在语法上相当于一个定语从句。
We have read many novels written by this author. 我们读过这个作家写的许多小说。
(= that are written by this author)Half of the honoured guests invited to the reception were foreign ambassadors. 被邀请到招待会上的贵宾有一半都是外国大使。
(= who had been invited to the reception)The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席了。
(= which was attended by one thousand students)A woman, dressed like a lawyer, came in and took her seat as judge. 一个律师装扮的女人走了进来，并作为法官就座。
动词ed形式作定语
动词-ed形式作定语-ed形式是动词非谓语形式的一种，是高考英语试题的重点，同学们应该熟练掌握。
从性质上讲，动词-ed形式相当于形容词或副词，一般它可以在句中作表语、定语、补语和状语。
下面我们主要就动词-ed形式作定语进行归纳总结。
我们先来看看以下例句并体会黑体部分的用法。
1. My borrowed book must be returned by tomorrow.2. The photos taken on the airplane are wonderful.3. She collected these fallen leaves and put them into the garbage bag.【自我归纳】☆一些及物动词的-ed形式作定语与所修饰的词之间有两种关系:从时间上讲，多表示动作已经_____，这是指它所表达的动作在谓语所表达的动作之前或某个时间参照点之前就已经完成；从语态上讲，通常表示被动的概念，如句1-2。
动词-ed形式作定语，相当于一个定语从句。
如句1可转化为The book which/ that I borrowed must ...；句2可转化为The photos which / that were taken ...。
☆一些不及物动词的-ed形式作定语在意义上只表示_____不表示_____，可转化为完成时态的定语从句。
如句3可转化为She collected these leaves which had fallen and ...。
再如the risen sun表示“升起的太阳”。
☆从位置上看，单个动词-ed形式作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之_____,称为前置定语，如句1，句3；动词-ed形式短语作定语常放在被修饰的名词之后，称为_____，如句2。
Key: 完成；完成；被动；前；后置定语【难点提示】动词-ed形式、动词-ing形式作定语的区别1. I am reading a novel written by Mark Twain at present.2. A little child learning to walk often falls.【点拨】当逻辑主语是分词所表示动作的执行者时，常用动词-ing形式作定语，如句2；当逻辑主语是分词所表示动作的承受者时，常用动词-ed形式作定语，如句1。
动词-ed
动词-ed形式一．概述：动词-ed形式在句中起形容词或副词的作用，在句中可作定语、表语、状语和主语补足语、宾语补足语，一般表示完成的或被动的动作。
二．动词-ed形式的用法1. 动词-ed形式作定语作定语的动词-ed形式如果是单个词，一般放在名词的前面；如果是动词-ed形式短语，要放在名词的后面。
Chinese civilization was one of the most developed civilizations in ancient world. The new sports complex has everything needed for many different activities.She had a worried look on her face.The frightened horse ran away from the fire.The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.2. 动词-ed形式作表语The door remains locked.Mary seems worried at the news.Are you married or single?She looked astonished at the news.The mountain was covered with snow all the year round.3. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语We’ll keep you informed of how things are going on with us.We found the student greatly changed.4. 动词-ed形式作状语Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Heated, water changes into steam.Even if invited, I won’t go.Viewed from a distance, the island looked like a cloud.5. 动词-ed形式的否定形式“not+动词-ed形式”Not invited, I won’t go to Sheila’s party.The little girl was left uncared for.三．动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式的区别1. 动词-ing形式表示主动或正在进行的动作；动词-ed形式表示被动或已经完成的动作。
动词-ed形式作定语
动词-ed形式作定语一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。
这种分词叫分词形容词, 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。
如：spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。
如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
1. The tall man is a returned student．高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。
2. My parents are both retired teachers．我的父母都是退休教师。
(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。
Lost time can never be found again．虚度的时光, 无法挽回。
(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。
1. Everything used should be marked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
2. The books left are for my students．剩下的书是给我的学生的。
②动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?(=That has been planned for tonight)2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was asuccess．这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。
动词的-ed形式资料
动词的-e d形式动词的-ed形式动词的-ed形式的语法功能动词的-ed形式具有副词、形容词的特征，在句中可作表语、定语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等成分。
⑴作表语：表示主语的某种性质或状态。
A.状态性动词的形式作表语The shop has remained shut for a week. 这家商店关门一周了。
All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动地流下泪来。
B.形容词性动词的形式作表语Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA stars.大多数学生对流行歌星和明星感兴趣。
I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比赛中看到小吉米跑得这么快，我非常惊讶。
⑵作定语：有的置于被修饰词前，有的置于被修饰词后。
①单个的-ed形式作定语置于被修饰词前，通常为及物动词的-ed形式，表示被动与完成的意义。
We only sell used books in our book store. 我们的书店只卖用过的书。
The lost time can never be found again. 丢失的时间将永远找不回来。
注：少数表示位置移动和状态改变的不及物动词的-ed形式也可作前置定语，但不表示被动，只表示完成。
the changed situation 改变了的形式 a retired teacher 退休的教师the fallen leaves 落叶 a developed country发达国家②置于被修饰词的后面：单个动词的-ed形式作定语也可置于被修饰词后，大多数作后置定语的-ed形式是短语形式，其作用相当于定语从句。
Things seen are mightier than things heard. 眼见为实，耳听为虚。
动词-ed形式作定语
一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。
这种分词叫分词形容词, 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。
如：spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。
如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
1. The tall man is a returned student．高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。
2. My parents are both retired teachers．我的父母都是退休教师。
(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。
Lost time can never be found again．虚度的时光, 无法挽回。
(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。
1. Everything used should be marked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
2. The books left are for my students．剩下的书是给我的学生的。
②动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?(=That has been planned for tonight)2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success．这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。
非谓语动词之动词的-ed形式
词法：非谓语动词之动词的－ed形式1.动词的-ed形式的结构特征动词的-ed形式，又称过去分词，通常是动词原形后加-ed构成的，但也有不规则的形式（详细参阅词法之动词）。
动词的-ed形式仍保留着动词的许多特征，因此在句中可以有自己的状语和逻辑主语，带双宾语的及物动词构成的动词的-ed形式还可以有自己的宾语，其否定形式是在其前加not。
Given enough care , the children can cooperate better .（带有自己的宾语）如果给予足够的关心，孩子们会合作得更好。
Greatly encouraged , we made up our mind to carry on the hard work .（带有自己的状语）2.动词的-ed形式的语法功能动词的-ed形式既有副词的特征也有动词的特征，在句中可作表语、定语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等成分。
（1）作表语动词的-ed形式作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。
①状态性动词的-ed形式作表语The shops have remained shut for a week .All the people present were already seated , waiting for the conference to open .All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story .②形容词性的动词的-ed形式作表语作表语的动词的-ed形式表示事物的性质，这些词往往被视为形容词，可以用very进行修饰（详细参阅词法之形容词）。
Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBAstar players .I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game .N：有些表示位置移动的不及物动词的-ed形式也可作表语。
语法知识：动词的-ed形式
⼀、作表语 动词的-ed形式是动词的另⼀种⾮限定性形式，⼀般由动词加-ed构成。
-ed形式与-ing形式在句法功能上基本相同，从意义上看，两者却有差别：现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系；现在分词表⽰⼀般性或正在进⾏的动作，⽽过去分词则表⽰已经完成的动作。
过去分词作表语⼀般⽤来表⽰感受、状态（系词+分词）。
如： We were very interested in the novel she gave us yesterday. 我们对她昨天给我们的⼩说⾮常感兴趣。
She was quite frightened by the sudden noise outside the door. 她被门外突然的吵闹声吓住了。
可以⽤作表语的常见过去分词有：delighted， disappointed， upset， astonished， excited，frightened，experienced， interested， qualified， puzzled， exhausted， satisfied等。
⼆、作宾语补语 英语中可以带-ed分词作宾语补语的动词有： 1.表⽰感觉和⼼理状况的动词：think， hear， feel， see， watch等。
如： I have never heard this song sung in English. 我从来没有听到这⾸歌⽤英语唱过。
2.表⽰使役的动词：get， let， make， help等。
如： He made it known to everyone that he was right. 他使每个⼈都明⽩他是对的。
3.表⽰希望、要求等意义的动词：wish， want， like， order等。
如： He wants his composition to be read by every classmate. 他想每个同学都读他的作⽂。
中考英语动词 ed 形式作定语和状语单选题40题
中考英语动词ed 形式作定语和状语单选题40题1.The boy looked at the broken toy with sadness. “broken” here is used as an adjective to modify “toy”. The boy is sad because the toy is broken. Which of the following words can also be used as an adjective in this way?A.breakB.breakingC.breaksD.broke答案：D。
“broken”是动词break 的过去分词形式，在这里用作形容词，表示“破碎的”。
选项A“break”是动词原形；选项B“breaking”是现在分词形式，通常表示正在进行的动作；选项C“breaks”是动词的第三人称单数形式。
只有选项D“broke”是break 的过去式，也可以用作形容词，表示“破产的；缺乏资金的”，但在这个句子中不合适。
所以答案是D。
2.The frightened child hid behind his mother. “frightened” is an adjective that describes the child. What is the difference between “frightened” and “frightening”?A.“frightened” is used to describe people who are afraid, while “frightening” is used to describe things that cause fear.B.“frightened” and “frightening” have the same meaning.C.“frightened” is used to describe things that cause fear, while“frightening” is used to describe people who are afraid.D.There is no difference between “frightened” and “frightening”.答案：A。
动词的ed形式
动词的-e d形式动词的-ed形式的语法功能动词的-ed形式具有副词、形容词的特征，在句中可作表语、定语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等成分。
⑴作表语：表示主语的某种性质或状态。
A.状态性动词的形式作表语Theshophasremained shut foraweek.这家商店关门一周了。
Allofuswere moved totearsatthesorrowfulstory.听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动地流下泪来。
B.形容词性动词的形式作表语Mostofmiddleschoolstudentsare interested inpopstarsandNBAstars.大多数学生对流行歌星和明星感兴趣。
Iwasvery surprised toseelittleJimmyrunsofastinthegame.在比赛中看到小吉米跑得这么快，我非常惊讶。
⑵作定语：有的置于被修饰词前，有的置于被修饰词后。
①单个的-ed形式作定语置于被修饰词前，通常为及物动词的-ed形式，表示被动与完成的意义。
Weonlysell used booksinourbookstore. 我们的书店只卖用过的书。
The lost timecanneverbefoundagain. 丢失的时间将永远找不回来。
注：少数表示位置移动和状态改变的不及物动词的-ed形式也可作前置定语，但不表示被动，只表示完成。
the changed situation改变了的形式a retired teacher退休的教师the fallen leaves落叶a developed country发达国家②置于被修饰词的后面：单个动词的-ed形式作定语也可置于被修饰词后，大多数作后置定语的-ed形式是短语形式，其作用相当于定语从句。
Things seen aremightierthanthingsheard. 眼见为实，耳听为虚。
Thestory written byamiddleschoolstudentispopularinschools.由一名中学生写的这个故事在学校中很流行。
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一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。
这种分词叫分词形容词, 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。
如：spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。
如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
1. The tall man is a returned student．高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。
2. My parents are both retired teachers．我的父母都是退休教师。
(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。
Lost time can never be found again．虚度的时光, 无法挽回。
(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。
1. Everything used should be marked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
2. The books left are for my students．剩下的书是给我的学生的。
②动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?(=That has been planned for tonight)2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success．这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。
(=which was attended by a lot of people)1) Most of the artists __________ to the party were from South Africa.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. had been invited2) The first text books ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written3) The Olympic games,_______ in 776 BC, didn't include women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing4) Prices of daily foods _______through a computer can be lower than prices in stores.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying5) Mr. Smith,____ of the speech, started to read a ____ novel.A. tired, boringB. tiring, boredC. tired, boredD. tiring, boring二、动词-ed形式作表语过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。
如：He looked worried after reading the letter．看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。
When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea．听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。
所修饰。
I was very pleased at the news．听了这消息我很高兴。
He grew much tired of the work．他十分厌倦这工作。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。
1)Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour.A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay2) As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing.A. seatB. seatingC. seated三、动词-e d形式作宾语补足语能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。
作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
如:She found the door broken in whenshe came back．她回来时发现有人破门而人。
My grandfather had his old house rebuilt．我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。
在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。
如果这种句子改为被动语态,原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
1. I must get my bike repaired．我必须请人修理自行车。
(宾语补足语)2. The girl was found beaten black and blue．(主语补足语)(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。
I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我从未听过有人说他的坏话。
She felt a great weight taken off her mind．她觉得心里轻松了些。
They considered the matter settled．他们认为这问题解决了。
(2) 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have,keep, leave, hold等。
I have my hair cut once a month．我每个月理一次发。
He was trying to make himself understood．他正努力使别人听懂自己。
She held her hands pressed against her face.她用双手按着脸。
“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义：①(请人)把某事做完。
She had her house repaired．她请人把屋子修好了。
Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪儿理的发?②参遭遇某种意外情况。
He had his hat blown away on his way home．在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
She had her wallet stolen yesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。
③完成某事(自己也可能参与)。
I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected．我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
He has had one thousand yuan saved this year．他今年已存了1000元。
(3) 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。
He won’t like such questions discussedat the meeting．他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。
The students wish the TV serial plays continued．学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。
(4) 过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his houselooks like a beautiful garden．周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。
1) --- Good morning. Can I help you?--- I’d like to have this package _____,madam.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed2) The missing boys were last seen ___ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. played3) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out4) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ________ went wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repairedⅠ.单项选择：1. From the dates ____ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago.A. markingB. markedC. to be marked2. It was so large a room that a hundred people looked ____ in it.A. losingB. lostC. to loseD. having lost3. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents ____.A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry4. With ____ leaves ____ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.A. falling; buryingB. fallen; buriedC. fallen; buryingD. falling; buried5. She was glad to see her child well ____ care of.A. takeB. to be takenC. takenD. taking6. Friendship is like money easier made than ____.A. keptB. to be keptC. to keepingD. being kept7. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge.A. being knownC. to be knownD. known8. John rushed out in a hurry, ____ the door ____.A. leaving; unlockedB. leaving; unlockingC. left; unlockingD. to leave; unlocking9. The girl ____ forward to buying a new gold watch.A. referred to lookB. referred to lookingC. referred to looksD. referring to looks10. The disc, digitally ____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded11. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.B. When comparingC. ComparingD. When compared12. ____ time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given13. ____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. To loseC. LostD. Having lost14. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding。