2012 CFA Level3行为偏好翻译表

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CFA Level 3 考点解析三

CFA Level 3 考点解析三

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k. explain how exogenous shocks
may affect economic growth trends;
l. identify and interpret macroeconomic, interest rate, and exchange rate linkages between economies; m. discuss the risks faced by investors in emerging-market securities and the count ry risk analysis techniques used to evaluate emerging market economies; n. compare the major approaches to economic forecasting; o. demonstrate the use of economic information in forecasting asset class returns; p. evaluate how economic and competitive factors affect investment markets, sectors, and specific securities; q. discuss the relative advantages and limitations of the major approaches to forecasting exchange rates; r. recommend and justify changes in the component weights of a global investment portfolio based on trends and expected changes in macroeconomic factors.

cfa3级考纲

cfa3级考纲

cfa3级考纲CFA Level 3 exam covers the following topics:1. Ethical and Professional Standards: This section focuses on ethical standards and professional conduct in the investment industry.2. Behavioral Finance: This section explores the impact of psychological biases on investment decision making and behavior.3. Private Wealth Management and Institutional Investors: This section covers portfolio management techniques and strategies for private wealth management and institutional investors.4. Portfolio Management: This section covers advanced portfolio management concepts, including asset allocation, risk management, and performance evaluation.5. Asset Allocation and Fixed Income: This section focuses on asset allocation strategies, fixed income instruments, and fixed income portfolio management.6. Equity and Alternative Investments: This section covers equity analysis, valuation techniques, and alternative investment strategies.7. Derivatives and Risk Management: This section covers derivative instruments, their valuation, and their use in risk management.8. Monitoring and Rebalancing: This section covers portfolio monitoring and rebalancing strategies.9. Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct: This section covers the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct.The exam format includes both multiple-choice questions and essay questions, and candidates are required to demonstrate a deep understanding of the material and the ability to apply it to real-world investment scenarios.。

各种奖励英文翻译

各种奖励英文翻译

各类奖学金、各种称号、各种职位中英文对照一、国家及校级奖项、称号国家奖学金National Scholarship国家励志奖学金National Encouragement scholarship三好学生Merit Student学习优秀生Model Student of Academic Records突出才能奖Model Student of Outstanding Capacity先进个人Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student优秀工作者Excellent staff优秀学生干部Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员Excellent League Member优秀毕业生Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者Outstanding V olunteer先进班集体Advanced Class优秀团干Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部Outstanding cadres of Student Association学生协会工作优秀个人Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities道德风尚奖Ethic Award精神文明奖High Morality Prize最佳组织奖Prize for The Best Organization突出贡献奖Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖Prize for The Team Contribution二、各系比赛与奖项外语系(Foreign Language Department):话剧比赛Drama competition英语演讲比赛English Speech Contest八系辩论赛Eight Departments Invitational Debate Competition黑板报设计大赛Blackboard Poster Design ContestPPT设计大赛Courseware Design Competition文明宿舍Outstanding DormitoryOK杯篮球比赛OK Cup for Basketball Game我心飞扬歌唱比赛“My Heart Flies” Singing Competition中文系( Department of Chinese Language and Literature):诗歌朗诵比赛Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛Photography Competition书法比赛Calligraphy Competition金话筒比赛“Golden Microphone” Competition兴我中华演讲比赛Speech Competition on Revitalizing China课件比赛Courseware Design Contest报刊比赛Press Writing Contest足球比赛Football Match三笔比赛Essay Contest冬日环保针织比赛Knitting Contest on Winter Environmental Protection数学系(Department of Mathematics ):登山比赛Mountain-climbing Competition网络工程师Network Engineer Certification全国建模比赛National Mathematical Modeling Contest知识风采比赛Knowledge CompetitionPPT 课件制作大赛Courseware Design Competition经济管理系(The Department of Economics & Management):辩论赛Debate Competition创业大赛Venture Contest政法系(Politics and Law Department):党团知识竞赛Knowledge Contest on the Party and the League政法论坛Political and Legal Forum金秋系列活动S eries of Activities in “Golden Season模拟法庭Moot Court演讲比赛Speech Competition征文比赛Essay Competition计算机科学系(Computer Science Department):网页设计大赛Web Page Design Competition辩论赛Debate Competition软件设计大赛Software Design Competition多媒体课件设计大赛Multimedia Courseware Design Competition网站设计竞赛Web Design Competition电子科学系(Electronic Science Department):演讲比赛Speech Contest电子设计大赛Electronic Design Contest服装系(Textile and Fashion Department):服装创意设计大赛Garment Design Competition毕业设计大赛Graduation Design Competition发表论文Publications专利证书Patent服装设计大赛Garment Design Contest泳衣大赛Swimming Suit Design Competition手提包设计大赛Handbag Design Competition服装创意设计大赛Creative Garment Design Competition生命科学系(Department of Life Science):实验技能操作大赛Experiment Skill and Operation Contest广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛The Biochemical Experiments Contest for College Student in Guangdong建筑与土木工程系(Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering):建筑文化节Architectural Culture Festival建筑设计竞赛Architectural Design Competition钢笔画比赛Ink Drawing Contest节徽设计大赛Festival Logo Design Contest“五佳”歌手活动“Best Five” Singer Activities友谊篮球赛Friendship Cup Basketball Match工程测量比赛Engineering Survey Competition班际足球赛Inter-class Football Match省大学生科技竞赛Science and Technology Contest for Province College Students十佳学生活动组织Top Ten Student Activities Organization十大学生修身楷模Ten Model Students of Self-cultivation学生科研创新奖Student Award for Research and Innovation棋王大赛Chess Competition电子社飞思杯电脑建筑效果图设计大赛E-Society Feisi Cup Architectural Renderings Computer Design Contest化学工程系(Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology):“飞狐杯”八系辩论赛Flying Fox Cup 8 departments Invitational Debate Competition女子篮球赛Women's Basketball Match广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛Chemistry and Chemical Experiment Skills Competition for Colleges in Guangdong旅游管理系(Tourism and Management Department):导游技能大赛Tourist Skills Contest导游路线设计大赛Tourist Route Design Competition党团知识竞赛Knowledge Contests about the CPC and the CYLC礼仪风采大赛Manner and Etiquette Contest体育系(Department of Sports):体育文化节Physical Culture Festival音乐系(Music Department)相声小品大赛Crosstalk and Sketch Contest班际篮球赛Inter-class Basketball Match三、证书大学英语四级CET4 (College English Test Band 4 Certificate)大学英语六级CET6 (College English Test Band 6 Certificate)英语专业四级TEM4 (Test for English Major Grade 4 Certificate)英语专业八级TEM8 (Test for English Major Grade 8 Certificate)普通话等级考试National Mandarin Test (Level 1, 2, 3; Grade A,B,C)日语能力考试Japanese Language Proficiency Test (Level 1, 2, 3, 4)商务日语能力考试Business Japanese Proficiency Test商务英语证书Business English Certificate)翻译证书С雅思IELTS (International English Language Testing System)托福TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)BEC初级(BEC Preliminary Level,缩略为BEC Pre.)BEC中级(BEC Vantage Level,缩略为BEC Van.)BEC高级(BEC Higher Level,缩略为BEC Hi.)全国计算机等级考试National Computer Rank Examination (NCRE)Rank I: DOS、WINDOWSRankⅡ: VISUAL BASIC,VISUAL FOXPRO,QBASIC,FORTRAN,C,FOXBASE RankⅢ: PC technology、Information management、Internet technology、Data base RankⅣ: Ability to systems analysis and systems project全国计算机一级证书First-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机二级证书Second-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机三级证书Third-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机四级证书Fourth-level Certificate for National Computer导游证Guide ID Card (Guide Identity of Identification Card)导游资格证书Guide Certificate秘书证Secretary Card中级涉外秘书证Intermediate Foreign Secretary Card会计证Accounting Certificate会计从业资格证书: Certificate of Accounting Professional初级职务(助理会计)证书Sub-accountant Certificate Preliminary Level中级职称Intermediate Certificate管理会计师证书: Certificate in Management Accounting注册会计师证书: (CPA Certificate)Certificate of Certified Public Accountant注册金融分析师(CFA)Chartered Financial Analyst特许公认会计师(ACCA)The Association of Chartered AccountantsCAD工程师认证证书CAD Engineer Certification电工证Electrician certificate技工证书Technician Certificate教师资格证Teacher Certification心理辅导教师资格证书Psychological Counseling Teacher Certificate报关员资格证书Clerk for the Customs Declaration报关员证书Customs Declaration Certificate人力资源从业资格证书Qualification of Human Resources Practitioners驾驶证Driver’s License国家司法考试证书National Judicial Examination certificate(lawyer's qualification certificate)律师资格证书Attorney’s certificate企业法律顾问执业资格证书Enterprise Counsel Qualification Certificate法律顾问Legal Adviser律师助理证Assistant Lawyer Certificate会计从业资格证Certificate of Accounting Professional初级会计职称Junior Level Accountant中级会计职称Medium Level Accountant高级职称Advanced Level Accountant注册会计师Certified Public Accountant (CPC)注册税务师Certified Tax Agents(CTA )经济师Economist精算师Actuary审计师Auditor统计师Actuary物流师职业资格证书Certificate of International Logistics Specialist国际物流师Certified International Logistics Specialist (CILS)国际电子商务师职业资格认证Certification of International E-Commerce Specialist国际电子商务师Certified International E-Commerce Specialist(CIECS)市场营销师Marketing Manager特许市场营销师Certified Marketing Manager (CMM)初级营销职业证书Introductory Certificate in Marketing市场营销职业证书Certificate in Marketing国际商务谈判师Certificated International Professional Negotiator ( CIPN)投资咨询师Investment Counselor人力资源管理Human Resource Management ( HRM )中国职业经理人资格认证Certificate of Chinese Professional Manager中国职业经理人Chinese Professional Manager ( CPM )注册国际投资分析师Certified International Investment Analyst( CIIA )注册金融分析师Chartered Financial Analyst ( CFA )注册金融策划师Certified Financial Planner(CFP)认证金融理财师Associate Financial Planner (AFP)金融风险管理师Financial Risk Manager (FRM)证券从业资格证书Certificate of Securities国际贸易单证员证书Certificate of International Commercial Documents报关员资格证书Certificate of Customs Specialist报检员资格证书Certificate of Inspection公务员考试Civil Servants Exam计算机技术与软件专业技术(水平)资格考试Computer Technology and Software Expertise (level) Qualification Examination网络工程师Network Engineer软件设计师Software Architect数据库分析师Database Analyst网络管理员Webmaster信息系统项目管理师Information Systems Project Management Division网络规划设计师Network Planning Designer多媒体应用设计师Multimedia designer电力工程证书Certificate in Electrical Engineering国际电子商务师Certified International E-Commerce Specialist (CIECS)一、二级建造师Grade1/2 Constructor造价工程师Cost Engineer注册房地产估价师Certified Real Estate Appraiser质量工程师Quality Assurance Engineer城市规划师Urban Planner公路造价师Highway Cost Estimator工程造价师Budgeting Specialist化学检验员Chemistry Testing Laboratory Technician化学技能证书Chemical Skills Certificate药品检验员Drug Inspector四、校运会第一名The First Prize第二名The Second Prize第三名The Third Prize惠州学院健美操比赛Competition of Body-building Exercises校运会篮球比赛Basketball Matches in Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子100米Men’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子100米Women’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子200米Men’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子200米Women’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子1500米Men’s 1500-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子800米Women’s 800-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男女跳高比赛Men/Women’s High Jump Matches校运会男女三级跳比赛Men/Women’s Triple Jump Matches校运会男子110米栏Men’s 110-metre Hurdle Race校运会男女铅球Men/Women’s Shot Put校运会男女标枪Men/Women’s javelin throwing五、艺术节博客大赛Blog Contest“金话筒·”主持人大赛Golden Microphone Host Competition惠州学院十大歌手Top Ten Singers of Huizhou University创意T台服装设计大赛Creative Fashion Design Competition惠州学院丰湖之星Fenghu Stars of Huizhou University激浪黑板报大赛Wave Blackboard Poster Competition“激浪个性我创”涂鸦比赛Wave Creative Graffiti Competition“墨迹杯”书画大赛Chinese Ink Cup Calligraphy and Painting Competition军训优秀通讯员Excellent Correspondent in Military Training军训先进个人Advanced Individual in Military Training十佳社团Top Ten Outstanding Associations体育道德风尚奖PE Morality Award优秀指导教师奖Excellent Guide Teacher Award突出贡献奖Outstanding Contribution Award工作创新奖Innovation Award团队建设奖Teamwork Award最佳台风奖Best Stage Style Award最佳人气奖Best Popularity Award优秀组织奖Outstanding Organization Award最佳创意奖Best Creativity Award优秀团体奖Excellent Group Award优秀节目奖Best Program Award十佳新秀奖Top Ten Outstanding Rising Stars Award最具潜质奖Most Potentiality Award最佳才艺奖Outstanding Talent Award最佳气质奖Outstanding Quality Award最佳口才奖Best Eloquence Award最佳演员奖Best Actor Award最佳剧本奖Best Script Award优秀会员Excellent Member最佳辩手Best Debater优秀辩手Excellent Debater六、协会法律促进协会Law Promotion Association模拟法庭竞赛Moot Court Competition英语口语协会Oral English Institute交流会Exchange Meeting —— Make Our V oice Heard书法协会Calligraphy Association“亲近中国文化,了解汉字”Get Close to the Chinese culture, Get to Learn Chinese CharactersX-GAME协会X-GAME AssociationX-GAME创新表演大赛X-GAME Innovation contests心理健康促进协会Association of Advancement of Mental Health“心灵之交”Meeting Soul-mates峥嵘乒乓球协会Association of Zhengrong Table Tennis“我最有才”峥嵘乒乓球比赛Zhengrong Cup Table Tennis Contest足球协会Football Association“新生杯”足球争霸赛之各系荣耀大战Freshmen Cup Football Match of all Departments—Glory War毽球协会Shuttlecock Association毽球新风采”毽球大比拼New Style Shuttlecock Competition篮球协会Basketball Association“三人篮球赛”Three-player Basketball Match旅游爱好者协会Travel Enthusiasts Association创意风筝节Creative Kite Festival演讲与口才协会Speech and Eloquence Association“环境保护,重在行动”演讲比赛Take Action to Protect Environment Speech Contest奕林棋协Yi-lin Chinese Chess Association“奕林棋协棋王争霸赛”Yi-lin Chinese Chess Conpetition企业与市场调研协会Business and Marketing Research Association职业经理人挑战赛Professional managers Challenge Match飞翔舞协Flying Dance Association假面舞会Masque Ball新春柳话剧社Reborn Drama Association“我心飞扬”剧本创作大赛及公演Flying Heart Script-writing Contest摄影协会Photography Association“生活”摄影展Life Photo Exhibition七、其他学生会Student Union团委会Youth League Committee学生社团Students’ Association体育部Sports Department文艺部Arts Department学习部Learning Department女生部Girls Department心理发展部Psychological Development Department外联部Public Relations Department宣传部Propaganda Department生活部Life Department纪检部Discipline Inspection Department秘书部Secretary Department组织部Organization Department编辑部Editorial Department学生会主席President of the Student Union团委会书记Secretary of the Youth League Committee团支书League Branch Secretary团支书Secretary of the Youth League Branch Committee副书记Vice Secretary秘书长Secretary-general学术部干事 a member of the Academic Department宿舍长Head of the dormitory优秀团员Excellent League Member班长Monitor/ Class President副班长Vice-monitor文体委员Recreation & Sports Secretary学习委员Study Secretary生活委员Life Secretary宣传委员Publicity Secretary生活委员Organization Secretary勤工俭学Work-study Program青年志愿者协会Youth V olunteers Association政治辅导员Political Tutors晚会主持人Host on the entertainment / evening party礼仪队Reception Team/ Protocol Team三下乡V olunteer Activities for the Country People综合测评Comprehensive Evaluation of Students’ Performance预备党员Probationary Party Member入党积极分子Applicant for Party Membership综合素质优秀学生Excellent Student of Comprehensive Quality优秀青年志愿者Outstanding Young V olunteer校园十杰Ten Prominent Youth on Campus / Top Ten Youth on Campus 品学兼优的学生Student of Good Character and Scholarship模拟招聘会Mock Interviews军训Military Training艺术团Art Troupe义教V oluntary Teaching迎新晚会Welcome Party for the Freshmen招聘会Job Fair广播站Broadcasting Station学生处Students Affairs Department舍管houseparent社会活动social/ public activities课外活动extracurricular activities社会实践social practice学术活动academic activities籍贯native place婚姻状况marital status家庭状况family status可到职时间date of availability教育程度educational background课程curriculum职业目标career objective主修major工作目标employment objective副修minor希望职位position wanted优良学风班Class of Good Style Study团结合作Solidarity and Cooperation创新能力Creative Ability沟通能力Communicational Ability兼职Part-time Job促销员Sales Promoter派传单Deliver pamphlets市场调研Marketing Research乒乓球协会Table Tennis Association社团艺术节Community Festival招聘网站Recruitment Site党支部Party Branch家教Tutor英语培训中心English training centre成绩优异Outstanding Academic Results学业技能Academic Skills思想品行Ideological Morality文体表现Arts and Sports Performance社团艺术节Community Festival实习Internship各类奖学金一、校内奖学金国家奖学金: National Scholarship国家励志奖学金:National Scholarship for Encouragement 校一等奖:The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖:The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖:The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金:Individual Scholarship二、捐赠奖学金1 千金药业奖学金The Qianjin Pharmaceutical Scholarship2 奇瑞21世纪东方之子奖学金The 21st Century Chery Oriental Son Scholarship3 台骅奖学金The TaiHua Scholarship4 澳洲校友会奖学金The Australian Alumni Association Scholarship5 松下电器育英基金奖学金The Panasonic Electronics YUYING Fund Scholarship6 陈翠娥优秀贫困医学本科生奖学金The ChenCuie Scholarship for excellent medical undergraduates under poverty7 姚志斌、谭笑夫妇优秀贫困医学生本科生奖学金The Scholarship of YaoZhibin and his wife TanXiao for excellent medical undergraduates under poverty8 黄金城、朱嘉梨夫妇医学奖学金The Medical Scholarship of Huang Jincheng and his wife Zhu Jiali9 中国宋庆龄基金会宝马优秀大学生奖学金The BMW China Song Ching Ling Foundation Scholarship for Outstanding University Students (The BMW Scholarship)10 许崇清奖学金The Xu Chongqing Scholarship11 商承祚奖学金The Shang Chengzuo Scholarship12 汇丰银行The HSBC Bank Scholarship13 珠海可口可乐优秀学生奖学金The Zhuhai Coca-Cola Scholarship for Outstanding Students14 香港加拿大同学会奖学金The Scholarship of Canadian Alumni Association in Hong Kong15 南方都市报新闻奖学金The Southern Metropolis Daily News Scholarship16 住友商事奖学金The Sumitomo Corporation Scholarship17 三星奖学金The Samsung Scholarship18 丰田奖学金The Toyota Scholarship19 宝钢教育基金优秀学生奖学金The Baogang Scholarship20 花旗金融信息科技优秀奖学金The Citi Bank’s Financial Information Technology Scholarship.21 中国惠普优秀学生奖学金The HP Chinese Excellent Student Scholarship22 IBM中国优秀学生奖学金The IBM Chinese Excellent Student Scholarship23 恒生银行奖学金The Hang Seng Bank Scholarship24 LG化学奖学金The LG Chemical Scholarship25 时代地产奖学金The Times Real Estate Scholarship26 邹鲁奖学金The Zou Lu Scholarship27 李龙镳奖学金The Lee Yong-Biao Scholarship28 杜邦奖学金The Dupont Scholarship29 爱普生基金奖学金The EPSON Foundation Scholarship30 广东柯麟医学教育基金优秀学生奖学金The Guangdong KeLin Medical Education Fund Scholarship for Outstanding Students31 光华教育奖学金The GuangHua Educational Scholarship32 卫生部国际交流与合作中心.第一三共医药学奖学金The Medical Scholarship by Daiichi-Sankyo Corporation33 广州赛莱拉生物基因工程优秀学生奖学金Guangzhou Celera Biology Genetic Engineering Scholarship for Outstanding Students34 中山医美东校友会优秀本科生奖学金The Scholarship of Zhongshan Medical Alumni Association of the United States and East for Outstanding Undergraduate35 文鹏凌夫妇医学奖学金The Wen Pengling Couple Medical Scholarship36 刘焯霖神经病学奖学金The Liu Zhuolin Neurology Scholarship37 许天禄夫妇奖学金The Xu Tianlu Couple Scholarship38 周肇平骨科奖学金The Zhou Zhaoping Orthopedic Scholarship39 平安励志奖学金Ping An Endeavourers Scholarship40 雷诺丽特奖学金The Renolit Scholarship41 大新银行The Dah Sing Bank Scholarship42 三井住友银行奖学金The Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) Scholarship;43 亚洲教育慈善基金奖学金The Asia Education Charitable Fund Scholarship44 钱剑辉神经病学奖学金The Qian Jianhui Neurology Scholarship45 佐丹奴奖学金The Giordano Scholarship46 卫材(中国)药业奖学金The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Scholarship47 卫材(中国)药业优秀学生奖学金The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Scholarship for outstanding students48 卫材(中国)药业社会活动单项奖学金The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Individual Scholarship for social activities49 南富士杉山播种奖学金The South Fujitsu Sugiyama Planting Scholarship三、港澳侨台奖学金The First/Second/Third Prize of Hong Kong, Macau and Overseas Chinese Scholarship四、优秀毕业生Outstanding Graduates Awards部分参考: ┢惠大论坛┪(/) 详细文章参考:/thread-72245-1-1.html。

CFA通过Level 3的经验

CFA通过Level 3的经验

CFA通过Level 3的经验我大体总结了一下:英语阅读量很大-------需要我们在被考试不断提高自身的阅读能力,以及抓重要信息的技巧!(有些信息都不需要读的)在这次上午的考试中,感觉更像是在做阅读理解题,计算得分数特别少,大部分是文字论述,所以说准确清晰的表达就显得格外重要,第一题考查的是个人(一个米兰城的职业足球明星)IPS制定问题,着个人的个人情况非常复杂,再算他的Required rate of reture时差不多要用到将近十个数据,所以建议大家先做分数少的题,做完一个对以下时间,这样你就知道下面做题的速度了,若一上来就做一个半小时的题目,一旦超时,后面再赶就相当困难了!还有一点就是,别一上来就闷头答题,按着题号在纸上狂写,后来发现答案写错了地方,一定要稳住情绪,在试卷要求的页面上写答案!三级考试的难点出现在Asset Valuation(占总分数的50%-60%)--原因很简单,这部分的内容相当的冗杂,有很多边边角角的东西,比如说在这次考试中,你不光可以见到模拟题中常出现的:1、Hedging your investments using derivatives,2、复合型期权的Pay-off关系,3、SWAP,4、credit derivatives,还可以发现有一些不被大家重视,也可以说是Notes中解释得不是很清晰的topics,例如:我们作投资决策当中用到的benchmark quality 如何衡量,不是notes中概括的SAMMURAI那么简单!还有一个关于Benchmark的题,现在想不清楚了!做这些提示,脑子一定要保持相当的清醒,到了下午大家也都感觉疲惫了,一定要克服困难,打足精神,可以这样说,没有一个选择题是可以看完接着就选出答案的送分题,出题人总是要考查大家题目背后的基础知识,经过一番逻辑推理才能得到可能的正确答案!Notes中没有afternoon session的历年真题,希望大家多做一些sample exam找找哪些知识点还需要温习!一般来说,这部分的Notes最少要看两遍!总体感觉,备考三级有一套Notes,已经足够!最后祝愿大家都能如愿通过考试!各位考生,2015年CFA备考已经开始,为了方便各位考生能更加系统地掌握考试大纲的重点知识,帮助大家充分备考,体验实战,高顿网校开通了全免费的CFA题库(包括精题真题和全真模考系统),题库里附有详细的答案解析,学员可以通过多种题型加强练习,通过针对性地训练与模考,对学习过程进行全面总结。

cfa level3 2023公式表

cfa level3 2023公式表

cfa level3 2023公式表CFA Level 3 2023公式表CFA Level 3考试是一项广泛认可的金融投资资格考试,由CFA协会主办。

考试的内容涵盖了投资管理和分析的各个方面,包括资产估值、投资组合管理、风险管理等。

对于考生来说,熟练掌握CFA Level 3公式表中的各个公式是非常重要的,因为这些公式是解决实际问题的关键工具。

下面将介绍CFA Level 3 2023公式表中的几个重要公式。

1. CAPM模型CAPM模型是资本资产定价模型的简称,用于衡量资产的预期回报。

它的公式如下:E(Ri) = Rf + βi * (E(Rm) - Rf)其中,E(Ri)表示资产i的预期回报率,Rf表示无风险利率,βi表示资产i的贝塔系数,E(Rm)表示市场的预期回报率。

2. Fama-French三因子模型Fama-French三因子模型是一种用于解释股票回报率的模型。

它的公式如下:E(Ri) = Rf + βi * (E(Rm) - Rf) + si * SMB + hi * HML其中,E(Ri)表示股票i的预期回报率,Rf表示无风险利率,βi表示股票i的贝塔系数,E(Rm)表示市场的预期回报率,SMB表示规模因子,HML表示价值因子。

3. Black-Scholes期权定价模型Black-Scholes期权定价模型是一种用于计算欧式期权价格的模型。

它的公式如下:C = S * N(d1) - X * e^(-r * T) * N(d2)其中,C表示期权的价格,S表示标的资产价格,N(d1)和N(d2)表示标准正态分布的累积分布函数,X表示期权的行权价格,r表示无风险利率,T表示期权的剩余到期时间。

4. Treynor-Black模型Treynor-Black模型是一种用于资产配置的模型,可以帮助投资者确定各个资产在投资组合中的权重。

它的公式如下:w = (Σi=1 to n) (E(Ri) / σi^2) / (Σi=1 to n) (1 / σi^2)其中,w表示资产i在投资组合中的权重,E(Ri)表示资产i的预期回报率,σi表示资产i的风险。

CFA三级必考知识点

CFA三级必考知识点

cfa三级必考知识点cfa三级可谓是cfa考试中最难的一部分。

只要卯足最后的努力通过这一级考试,就离cfa持证人越来越近了。

高顿小编整理了历年cfa三级的知识,助力参加三级的学生可以尽快有系统的复习进入状态。

1. 有限理性(bounded rationality)-凑合一下也就这么过传统决策理论认为,决策者拥有完全信息,能够进行准确的数量计算,是完全理性的。

行为金融学提出了有限理性(boundedrationality)假设。

有限理性假说放松了传统理论的完全信息(perfect information)假设。

有限理性假设认为,个体的选择是理性的,但是会受到自身知识和认知能力的局限。

关于有限理性的表述:人们决策时并非完全理性,也并非必然寻求最优化(optimize),而是满足(satisfice)即可。

所谓满足,指的是人们觉得自己有足够的信息就行,觉得自己对信息处理得较为充分就行;他们更容易盯住分层目标(sub-goals),而不是费力寻求整体的最优结果;当决策达到他们自己满意的参数范围之内时,通常他们就会适可而止。

总之,有限理性的人们努力寻找的是可接受的足够好的(acceptable and adequate)决策,而不是像完全理性人那样寻找理想的效用最大化的方案。

在考试中请注意与bounded rationality对应的是传统理论决策中的完全信息假设。

相应的行为是投资者不是收集全部相关信息,而是在已有基础上进行满足要求的选择。

2. 后悔厌恶偏差(Regret-aversion bias)--红玫瑰和白玫瑰后悔厌恶偏差(Regret-aversion bias)指的是人们因为害怕决策失误而避免做出决策的情绪偏差,换句话说,人们试图避免糟糕决策导致的后悔的痛苦。

后悔厌恶使得投资者持有亏损头寸时间过长,也会导致投资者害怕进入刚刚经历大幅损失与获利的市场。

可以从两个纬度分析后悔偏差:人们采取的行动和人们没有采取的行动。

常用生命质量测定量表简介

常用生命质量测定量表简介

常用生命质量测定量表简介常用生命质量测定量表简介中国行为医学科学 2000年第1期第9卷方法与技术作者:万崇华生命质量是英文Quality of Life(QOL)的中文译文。

有的学者又译为生存质量、生活质量等。

生命质量研究目前已如日中天,形成一国际性研究热点,并被广泛用于癌及慢性病临床治疗方法筛选、预防性干预措施效果评价以及卫生资源分配决策等方面[1]。

生命质量测定的核心是研制适宜的测定量表。

目前已报道的生命质量测定量表有数百种,其适用的对象、范围和特点各异。

这里按时间先后简介一些较有代表性的量表。

1.KPS量表即Karnofsky(1948)的行为表现量表(Karnofsky Performance Status, KPS)[2],是医学领域中使用较早的测定量表。

由医务人员根据病情变化对癌症病人的身体功能状况进行测评。

尽管该法有较好的重复性,但却不包括病人的主观感受,因此严格说来它所反映的并非生命质量,只能算作生命质量的一部分。

2.ADL量表即Kats(1963)的日常生活独立活动指标(Index of Independence in Activity of Daily Life, ADL)[3]。

指标包括6项日常活动:洗澡、穿衣、去厕所、用餐、室内走动、大小便自我控制。

经修正和扩充后的ADL分两大部分:躯体活动(physical ADL)和日常家务活动(Instrumental ADL)。

其中,前者是维持躯体活动的基础,后者是维持社区活动的基础,如购物、打电话等。

主要应用于慢性疾病病人和老年人。

3.GHQ量表即Berwick等(1966)的总体健康状况量表(General Health Questionnaire,GHQ)[4]。

该量表于60和70年代在英国开发出来,原来主要用于精神心理评定,后来推广于一般的医学评定。

最初的量表从140个条目中选出60个构成。

随后开发出30、28、20和12个条目的不同简化版。

CFA一二三级教材科目知识点章节分布

CFA一二三级教材科目知识点章节分布

CFA 一、二、三级教材科目知识点章节分布从20XX年起CFA协会将其官方教材电子版绑定在CFA报名费用之中,因此每一位CFA考生都会获得一份当期的电子版官方教材curriculum,由于许多考生习惯使用Study Notes进行备考复习,因此对于CFA协会的官方教材了解不多,CFA协会教材curriculum各级别书名列出,以便考生备考使用。

CFA Level I 教材名称:Volume 1: Ethical and professional Standards, Quantitative MethodsVolume 2: EconomicsVolume 3: Financial StatementVolume 4: Corporate Finance and Portfolio ManagementVolume 5: Equity and Fixed IncomeVolume 6: Derivatives and Alternative InvestmentCFA一级教材名称译:第1卷:道德和专业标准,定量分析方法第2卷:经济学第3卷:财务报表第4卷:公司财务和投资组合管理第5卷:股票和固定收益第6卷:衍生工具和另类投资CFA Level II 教材名称:Volume 1: Ethical and professional Standards, Quantitative Methods, and Economics Volume 2: Financial Statement AnalysisVolume 3: Corporate FinanceVolume 4: Asset Valuation and EquityVolume 5: Fixed lncomeVolume 6: Derivatives and portfolio ManagementCFA二级教材名称译:第1卷:道德和专业标准,定量方法和经济学第2卷:财务报表分析第3卷:企业融资第4卷:资产评估和股权第5卷:固定lncome第6卷:衍生工具和投资组合管理CFA Level III 教材名称:Volume 1: Ethical and professional StandardsVolume 2: Behavioral Finance, individual investors, and institutional investorsVolume 3: Capital Market expectations, market valuation, and asset allocationVolume 4: Fixed income and equity portfolio managementVolume 5: Alternative investments, risk management, and the application of derivativesVolume 6: Portfolio: Execution, evaluation and attribultion, and global investment performance standardsCFA三级教材名称译:第1卷:道德和专业标准第2卷:行为金融,个人投资者和机构投资者第3卷:资本市场的预期,市场估值和资产配置第4卷:固定收益和股票投资组合管理第5卷:另类投资,风险管理,衍生品的应用第6卷:组合:执行,评估和attribultion,以及全球投资表现标准各位考生,20XX年CFA备考已经开始,为了方便各位考生能更加系统地掌握考试大纲的重点知识,帮助大家充分备考,体验实战,网校开通了全免费的高顿题库(包括精题真题和全真模考系统),题库里附有详细的答案解析,学员可以通过多种题型加强练习,通过针对性地训练与模考,对学习过程进行全面总结。

cfa考试词汇中英文对照表(附cfa专用英语词典)

cfa考试词汇中英文对照表(附cfa专用英语词典)

cfa考试词汇中英文对照表(附cfa专用英语词典) CFA考试(特许金融分析师考试)是一个全球性的金融投资领域专业考试,对于考生来说,掌握CFA考试特定的专业词汇是非常重要的。

以下是一些常见的CFA考试词汇中英文对照表:1. 资产 Assets2. 负债 Liabilities3. 所有者权益 Owner's Equity4. 股票 Stocks5. 债券 Bonds6. 基金 Funds7. 期货 Futures8. 远期 Forward9. 期权 Options10. 互惠基金 Mutual Funds11. 投资组合 Portfolio12. 资本资产定价模型 Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)13. 有效市场假说 Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH)14. 风险管理 Risk Management15. 贝塔系数 Beta Coefficient16. 阿尔法系数 Alpha Coefficient17. 夏普比率 Sharpe Ratio18. 詹森指数 Jensen's Index19. 特雷诺指数 Treynor Ratio20. 换手率 Turnover Ratio21. 资本比率 Capital Ratio22. 杠杆比率 Leverage Ratio23. 市盈率 Price-Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio)24. 市净率 Price-to-Book Ratio (P/B Ratio)25. 市现率 Price-to-Cash Flow Ratio (P/CF Ratio)26. 内在价值Intrinsic Value27. 折现现金流 Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)28. 资本成本 Cost of Capital29. 资本预算 Capital Budgeting30. 现值 Present Value (PV)31. 终值 Future Value (FV)32. 时间价值 Time Value of Money (TVM)33. 贴现率 Discount Rate34. 年金 Annuity35. 收益率 Yield Rate36. 期限 Maturity37. 到期日 Expiration Date38. 利率 Interest Rate39. 本金 Principal40. 再投资 Reinvestment41. 无风险利率 Risk-free Rate of Return42. 无风险资产 Risk-free Asset43. 无套利原则 No-Arbitrage Principle44. 无偏性 Unbiasedness45. 无偏估计 Unbiased Estimation46. 无偏抽样 Unbiased Sampling47. 无偏大数定律 Unbiased Law of Large Numbers (ULLN)48. 无穷大 Infinity49. 无穷小 Infinitesimal50. 无穷大量 Infinitesimally Probable51. 无穷小量 Infinitesimal Amounts52. 无穷序列 Infinitive Sequence53. 无穷级数 Infinitive Series54. 无穷大数定律 Law of Infinitive Numbers (LIN)55. 无穷小概率事件 Infinitesimally Probable Event56. 无穷大概率事件 Infinitively Probable Event57. 无穷小量测度 Measure of Infinitesimals。

cfa3级考纲

cfa3级考纲

cfa3级考纲CFA Level 3考纲概述CFA(Chartered Financial Analyst)是全球金融领域最具权威的专业资格认证,分为三个级别。

CFA Level 3是CFA考试的第三阶段,也是取得 CFA 特许资格的最后一步。

这一级别的考试侧重于投资管理,要求考生具备扎实的理论基础和丰富的实践经验。

CFA Level 3考纲为考生提供了备考的指导方向。

考纲的主要内容CFA Level 3考纲涵盖了投资管理领域的核心知识,主要包括以下几个方面:1.资产估值:包括资产定价模型、企业金融、衍生工具、另类投资等方面的内容,要求考生熟练掌握各类资产的估值方法。

2.投资策略:涉及股票投资、债券投资、多元资产投资、绝对回报投资等策略,考生需要了解各种投资策略的特点和适用场景。

3.组合管理:这部分内容包括组合构建、风险管理、业绩评估等方面,考生需要具备组合管理的基本能力。

4.财富管理与合规:包括个人财富管理、机构投资者、合规与道德等方面,考生需要了解财富管理行业的相关法规和道德规范。

5.宏观经济与投资:涉及全球宏观经济分析、货币政策、地缘政治等因素对投资的影响,考生需要具备分析宏观经济环境的能力。

考纲的难度和重要性CFA Level 3考纲的难度较高,对考生的理论知识和实践经验都有较高的要求。

在备考过程中,考生需要花费大量时间和精力来学习和掌握考纲中的内容。

然而,通过C FA Level 3考试并取得CFA特许资格,将为考生在金融行业,尤其是投资管理领域带来巨大的职业发展机会。

因此,尽管考纲难度较大,但对于志在投资管理行业的专业人士来说,CFA Level 3考纲的重要性不言而喻。

总之,CFA Level 3考纲为考生提供了备考的指导方向,涵盖了投资管理领域的核心知识。

考生需要充分了解考纲的内容,并付出努力和时间来学习和掌握。

cfa2024考纲

cfa2024考纲

cfa2024考纲CFA(Chartered Financial Analyst)是全球金融行业中最为权威的资格认证之一,由美国的CFA协会颁发。

每一年,CFA协会都会更新一次CFA考纲,以确保CFA资格证书与金融行业的最新发展趋势相匹配。

下面我们将详细介绍CFA2024考纲的相关内容。

CFA2024考纲分为三个级别,即CFA Level I、CFA Level II和CFA Level III。

每个级别的考纲都包括一系列的主题和知识点,以及相关的考试要求和权重。

下面我们将逐级介绍CFA2024考纲的内容。

CFA Level I考纲主要包括以下十个主题:1.倫理和專業標準2.金融市场和工具3.證券分析與投資管理4.企業财务报表分析5.私募股权投资6.量化方法7.宏观经济分析8.金融市场组织和交易结构9.管理学、伦理和金融专业知识在投资中的应用10.风险管理、遵从和道德CFA Level II考纲主要包括以下十个主题:1.倫理和專業標準2.量化方法3.經濟學4.金融報表分析與公司財務5.企業資本成本与资本结构6.股債、衍生品市场与估值7.集合投资8.金融分析9.交易、結算與报价10.道德與職業標準CFA Level III考纲主要包括以下十个主题:1.倫理和專業標準2.高等金融会计3.金融报表分析與公司财务4.股債估值与受托理财5.金融市场组织和交易结构6.风险管理7.组合管理与资产分配8.集合投资9.个人和机构投资者的行为金融学10.道德与职业标准每个主题又细分为不同的知识点,考生需要对每个知识点进行学习和掌握。

在考试中,每个主题的考试要求和权重也不同,考生需要根据考纲的要求合理安排学习时间并重点关注权重较高的知识点。

此外,CFA考纲还包括了一系列的倫理和專業標準,这是CFA考试中非常重要的部分。

倫理和專業標準不仅在CFA考试中重点考核,而且在金融行业的实践中也具有重要的指导意义。

考生在备考过程中要重视倫理和專業標準的学习,并时刻牢记在实践中要遵守相关的行业规范和道德标准。

CFA Level 1-3官方指定参考书目

CFA Level 1-3官方指定参考书目
BOOK5 Equity and Fixed Income
BOOK6 Derivatives and Alternative Investment
一级相对简单,如果是经济或金融背景的学生或者是管院财务管理方向的同学,都可以在仅仅阅读Schweser Note的情况下通过考试。如果是非专业的学生,可以参加辅导班或者旁听 校内的经济学类课程就可以了
Fixed Income Readings for the Chartered Financial Analyst Program, 2nd Ed(固定收益分析阅读教材)
International Investments, 5th ed. (Solnik and Mcleavey) (国际投资)
Fixed Income Readings for the Chartered Financial Analyst Program,2nd ed
International Investments, 5th ed. (Solnik and McLeavey)
Quantitative Methods for investment Analysis,2nd ed(CFA Institute)
Standards of Practice Handbook,9th ed.(CFA Institute)
三级相对专业较难,不仅仅考察选择题了。这样的话,最好是能从事该方向的工作有一定的经验。没有经验也没有特别的关系,就是在书本中寻找必要的知识了。此时不但需要开始 看时新的财务,这个需要经常浏览CFA官网、金融方面的论文,也需要实务操作的案例或者是过去的总结,比如上海远东出版社引进的《财务骗局》。
BOOK2 Financial Statement Analysis(财务报表分析)

cfa 3级上午题

cfa 3级上午题

cfa 3级上午题【中英文版】英文文档:The CFA Level 3 morning session exam is the final stage of the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) program.It is a comprehensive assessment that tests the candidates" ability to apply the knowledge and skills acquired throughout the program in a practical and ethical manner.The exam is designed to evaluate the candidates" proficiency in various areas of finance, including equity, fixed income, alternative investments, and portfolio management.The morning session of the CFA Level 3 exam consists of five essay-style questions, each lasting 25 minutes.These questions cover a wide range of topics and require the candidates to demonstrate their understanding of complex financial concepts, as well as their ability to analyze and evaluate investment opportunities.The questions may involve case studies, ethical dilemmas, or real-world scenarios, requiring the candidates to apply their knowledge in a practical context.To succeed in the CFA Level 3 morning session exam, candidates need to have a strong understanding of the core concepts and principles of finance, as well as the ability to apply these concepts in a variety of situations.They should also be able to communicate their ideas clearly and effectively, both in writing and verbally.The CFA Level 3 morning session exam is a challenging and demanding assessment, but for those who are prepared and dedicated, it represents an opportunity to demonstrate their expertise and earn the prestigious CFA designation.中文文档:CFA三级上午题是特许金融分析师(CFA)项目最后的阶段。

CFA目录翻译

CFA目录翻译

CFA目录翻译SESSION 1:CODE OF ETHICS AND ST ANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT Reading 1: Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct 道德与职业行为准则Reading 2:―Guidance‖ for Standards I–VII 准则指引SESSION 2:ETHICAL AND PROFESSIONAL ST ANDARDS IN PRACTICE Reading 3: Ethics in Practice 实践中的道德Reading 4: The Consultant 咨询师Reading 5: Pearl Investment Management (A), (B), and (C) Pearl投资管理案例Reading 6: Asset Manager Code of Professional Conduct 资产管理经理行为准则SESSION 3:BEHA VIORAL FINANCE Reading 7: Heuristic-Driven Bias: The First Theme 启发式偏差Reading 8: Frame Dependence: The Second Theme 框架依赖Reading 9: Inefficient Markets: The Third Theme 无效市场Reading 10: Portfolios, Pyramids, Emotions, and Biases 组合,金字塔,情绪与偏差Reading 11: Investment Decision Making in Defined Contribution Pension Plans 固定提取养老金计划中的投资决策Reading 12: The Folly of Forecasting: Ignore All Economists, Strategists,and Analysts 预测中的误差:忽略经济学家,策略师和分析师Reading 13: Alpha Hunters and Beta Grazers 阿尔法和贝塔追求者SESSION 4:PRIV ATE WEALTH MANAGEMENTReading 14: Managing Individual Investor Portfolios 管理个人投资者组合Reading 15: Excerpts from Investment Management本文来自织梦for Taxable Private Investors 应税私人投资者投资管理摘要Reading 16: Multiple Asset Locations 多区域投资Reading 17: Low-Basis Stock 低基股票Reading 18: Goals-Based Investing: Integrating Traditional and Behavioral Finance 基于目标的投资:传统与行为金融融合Reading 19: Life-Cycle Investing 生命周期投资Reading 20: Human Capital, Asset Allocation, and Life Insurance 人力资本,资产配置以及人寿保险SESSION 5:PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS Reading 21: Managing Institutional Investor Portfolios 机构投资者组合管理Reading 22: Allocating Shareholder Capital to Pension Plans 分配权益资本至养老金计划SESSION 6:CAPIT AL MARKET EXPECT ATIONS IN PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT Reading 23: Capital Market Expectations 资本市场预期SESSION 7:ECONOMIC CONCEPTS FOR ASSET V ALUATION IN PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENTReading 24: Macroanalysis and Microvaluation of the Stock Market 股市宏观分析与微观估值Reading 25: Dreaming with BRICs: The Path to 2050 与金砖四国共舞:通向2050之路SESSION 8:ASSET ALLOCATION Reading 26: Asset Allocation 资产配置Reading 27: Linking Pension Liabilities to Assets 联系养老金资产与负债Reading 28: The Case for International Diversification 国际性分散化案例SESSION 9:MANAGEMENT OF PASSIVE AND ACTIVE FIXED INCOME PORTFOLIOSReading 29: Fixed-Income Portfolio Management—Part I 固定收益组合管理-第一部分Reading 30: Relative-V alue Methodologies for Global Credit Bond Portfolio Management 全球信用债券组合管理的相对价值方法SESSION 10:PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT OF GLOBAL BONDS AND FIXED INCOME DERIV ATIVESReading 31: Fixed-Income Portfolio Management—Part II 固定收益组合管理-第二部分c Reading 32: Hedging Mortgage Securities to Capture Relative V alue 套期抵押支持证券以获取相对收益SESSION 11:EQUITY PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENTReading 33: Equity Portfolio Management 权益组合管理SESSION 12:SPECIAL ISSUES IN EQUITY PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT Reading 34: Corporate Governance 公司金融Reading 35: International Equity Benchmarks 全球权益基准Reading 36: Emerging Markets Finance 新兴市场金融SESSION 13:ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS FOR PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT Reading 37: Alternative Investments Portfolio Management 其它投资组合管理Reading 38: Swaps 互换Reading 39: Commodity Forwards and Futures 商品远期与期货SESSION 14:RISK MANAGEMENTReading 40: Risk Management 风险管理Reading 41: Currency Risk Management 货币风险管理SESSION 15:RISK MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS OF DERIV ATIVESReading 42: Risk Management Applications of Forward and Futures Strategies 风险管理应用:远期与期货策略Reading 43: Risk Management Applications of Option Strategies 风险管理应用:期权策略Reading 44: Risk Management Applications of SwapStrategies 风险管理应用:互换策略SESSION 16:EXECUTION OF PORTFOLIO DECISIONS;MONITORING AND REBALANCING Reading 45: Execution of Portfolio Decisions 组合决策之执行Reading 46: Monitoring and Rebalancing 监视和再平衡SESSION 17:PERFORMANCE EV ALUATION AND ATTRIBUTIONReading 47: Evaluating Portfolio Performance 评估组合业绩Reading 48: Global Performance Evaluation 全球绩效评估SESSION 18:GLOBAL INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE ST ANDARDSReading 49: Global Investment Performance Standards 全球投资业绩准则。

CFA-Level-III-12-Risk Management

CFA-Level-III-12-Risk Management

1. Risk management is a process involving- The identification of exposures to risk;- The establishment of appropriate ranges for exposures (given a clear understanding of an entity's objectives and constraints);- The continuous measurement of these exposures (either present or contemplated);- The execution of appropriate adjustments whenever exposure levels fall outside of to rget ranges.The process is continuous and may requrie alterations in any of these activities to reflect new policies, preferences and information.2. An effective ERM system typically incorporates the following steps- Identify each risk factor to which the company is exposed.- Quantify each exposure's size in money terms.- Map these inputs into a risk estimation calculation.- Identify overall risk exposures as well as the contribution to overall risk deriving from each risk factor.- Set up a process to report on these risks periodically to senior management, who will set up a committee of division heads and executives to determine capital allocations, risk limits, and risk management policies.- Monitor compliance with policies and risk limits.3. Risk Management Governance:* 总公司再管理可以考虑到各个部门之间的相关性并非ρ=1,那么就可以有对冲掉的风险* decentrallized的优点是更加直接。

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE Candidate信息表说明书

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE Candidate信息表说明书

*P62608A0132*Turn over Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCECandidate surname Other namesTotal MarksCentre Number Candidate NumberPlease check the examination details below before entering your candidate informationP62608A©2020 Pearson Education Ltd.1/1/1Instructions • Use black ink or ball-point pen.• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,centre number and candidate number.• Answer one question in Section A and one question in Section B on yourchosen texts.• Answer the questions in the spaces provided– there may be more space than you need .Information • The total mark for this paper is 72.• The marks for each question are shown in brackets– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question .Advice • Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.• Check your answers if you have time at the end.You must have:Prescribed texts (clean copies)English LiteratureAdvanced SubsidiaryPaper 1: Poetry and DramaPaper Reference 8ET0/01Morning (Time: 2 hours)Friday 15 May 2020*P62608A0232*2SECTION A: PoetryAnswer ONE question and write your answer in the space provided.EITHER1 Compare the ways in which poets explore power in The Gun by Vicki Feaver and oneother poem of your choice from Poems of the Decade: An Anthology of the ForwardBooks of Poetry2002–2011.In your answer you should consider the following:• the poets’ development of themes• the poets’ use of language and imagery• the use of other poetic techniques.(Total for Question 1 = 24 marks) OR2 Compare the ways in which poets use settings in The Lammas Hireling by Ian Duhigand one other poem of your choice from Poems of the Decade: An Anthology of theForward Books of Poetry2002–2011.In your answer you should consider the following:• the poets’ development of themes• the poets’ use of language and imagery• the use of other poetic techniques.(Total for Question 2 = 24 marks)*P62608A0332*Turn over3*P62608A0432*4*P62608A0532*Turn over5...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................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over7...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................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Information 投资组合倾向与资产的分层金字塔类似,潜意识地忽略资产的 Mental 设置每一个目标和用以满足该目标的财富到分割的精神脑账户,不考虑每一个资产集的风 把所有的投资都看作好像是同一投资组合的一部分来分析其相 Processing 相关性,可能会分开地考虑收入和资产收益,而不是作为同一 险或者资产集之间的关联。 关性并且决定真实的组合配置。 accounting bias 完整回报的各部分。 (信息处理) 根据不同的得到信息的方式,不同地看待信息。例如,他们对一个问题的回答会据提问的 拘束参考的框架,聚焦在一片或者一类信息上,这样就对整体 投资者应该聚焦在期望的回报和风险上,而不是收益或者损 Framing bias
过高的估计了自己预测的准确性,并且冒了太多风险。
对所有的预测保留详尽的记录,包括分析用得数据预测之后所 涉及的推导。
倾向于保持聚焦于并且接近于自己原先的预测或者解读。
对新信息进行仔细的考虑以决定它对原先的预测或选项的影响
认为结果就是他们合理预期的。他们呢的解释有偏见,因为结果已经实际发生了。他们的 解释不是预测。导致个体觉得自己的预测更准确,比实际上的准确度。他们知道的仅是他 们所预测的,或者主观上改变它使它适和结果。(马后炮、事后诸葛亮、后见之明) 个体像是被锚定在了一个值上,eg:期望的价格or其他的预测,跟有吸引力似的。不同于 Conservatism bias但有相似的效果,Conservatism bias是基于投资者如何将新的信息与 旧的信息相联系。锚定是基于一个目标数字;一旦个体在脑子里有这样一个目标,他们就 会被其过分影响。
Cognitiv e errors( 认知错 误)
Hindsight bias Anchoring and adjustment
方式而不同。 的状况失察,或者信息怎样融入到整件事情的主题中。 失,这包括存在收益或损失的资产或组合。 通过多么容易回忆起过去的事件来评估未来的概率。容易被回想起的事件会更快地与新信 基于自己的记忆怎么容易地被搜寻和归类来选择投资,局限经 开发一套IPS并且通过优秀的研究来构建一个合适的投资组合 Availability 息联系起来,个体记忆是不完整或有误差的,问题变得更糟。 验范畴能导致集组合集中化。 。 bias Loss aversion 关注相对于风险的潜在收益和损失,而不是相对于风险的回报。他们太在意损失,同样数 着眼中眼前的收益和损失,一直拿着亏的指望能突破均势,卖 仔细地进行基础性研究,客服头脑里看待亏损上的苦闷。 量的损失所造成的效用降低大于收益提供的效用增加。 掉赚的斩获收益。 bias Overconfidence 也叫知识错觉,人们感觉他们知道的比实际他们知道的多,因为他们觉得他们有更多更好 持有了不够多样化的投资组合,低估了其潜在的不利面却高估 对交易进行详细的记录,包括每一次交易的动机,分析所用的 的信息或者他们更擅长解读信息。 有利面,过渡交易。 策略相关的成败得失。 bias 对权衡短期的吸引力和长期目标缺乏纪律,倾向于通过假设过 保持完整性,清晰地定义投资目标和策略,预算帮着制止过度 Self-control 缺乏纪律,个体不能够平衡短期满足和长期目标,因此他们的储蓄-消费模式是次优的。 多的风险来试图弥补短板。 消费的习性。 bias Emotional biases(情绪 即是惰性,休息中的身体倾向于保持休息状态。个体倾向于呆在现在的配置,而不做出增 投资组合改变的风险特性,投资者就可能在潜在的盈利性资产 说白了很难避免,只能是通过风险、回报、适当的资产相关的 化偏差) Status quo bias 加价值的变动。 上失手。 教育。 赋予自己拥有的资产更大的价值,比他们不拥有的同样的资产。卖自己持有的资产的报价 对相同的资产拥有时的估值高于没拥有时,因为熟悉、舒服或 决定该资产分配是否是适当的。 Endowment bias 大于自己不持有的同样的资产的购买价格。 者继承等死守着资产。 Regret-aversion 采不采取行动都有可能导致后悔,Error of commission是指投资者采取行动而后悔,例 保守于低风险投资,投资组合有有限的上行潜力,沉迷在熟悉 如购买被套牢的股票;Error of omission因为没有采取措施而后悔,例如没有去买一个 教育是主要的缓和工具。 的投资或者’follow the herd‘。 bias 飙涨的股票。
s
Definition
Impact
Mitigation
无意识的设置更多强调在形成他们最初预测的info;很难脱离最初的预测,下意识的少关 Conservatism 对新信息的反应比较慢或者是逃避分析新信息相关的困难。 仔细地分析查看新信息本身,从而正确地决断其价值。 注在新info。(不是因情绪化倾向的结果) bias 倾向于只注意与他们的知觉或信念一致的信息,他们寻找Confirming evidence时,打折 注意力放在投资相关的正面信息上,而忽略或者排除任何负面 Confirmation 积极地寻找那些看似与你的选项有出入的信息并认真分析。 甚至要忽略与他们信念或知觉相反的证据时 的信息,可能会导致投资时太自信从而使投资组合超权。 bias Belief Perseveranc Representativen 应用启发式知识将信息分类到主观分类中,基于个人的经验将新信息分类到最适当的类别 应用if-then这样启发式的思维将信息归类,放太多的重心在领 有意识地采取步骤来避免基准率的忽略和抽样值的忽略,考虑 中,if-then或者stereotype启发式。 悟新信息的分类,通常会依据一小撮信息改变策略。 信息匹配分类的真实概率,应用投资回报周期表。 ess bias e(坚持信 在投资结果上幻控能导致过渡交易并有伴生的成本,并且也有 寻找其他选项,保留投资记录来看看在控制交易结果上是否成 也叫控制错觉,感觉能够控制结果,但实际上没有那么多,成功的主观概率太高了。 Control bias 条) 可能造成投资组合过分集中。 功。
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