计算机专业英语复习资料四
计算机专业英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料计算机专业英语复习资料1、that the processor is the “intelligence” of a computer system;(p1) 处理器是计算机智能系统2、In 1965,when he first set out what we now call Moore’s Law,Gordon Moore said the number of components that could be packed onto an integrated circuit would double every year or so(later amended to18 months). (P17)在1965年，⼽登穆尔说，可以将很多的零部件装载在⼀个集成电路元件中，这样的话就可以每年都翻倍，这也就是他第⼀次提出摩尔定律（后来修订为18个⽉）3-43、This multicore processor plugs directly into a single socket on the motherboard. (P18)这种多内核处理器直接插⼊主板上的⼀个单⼀的插座。
4、Multicore processors are especially well suited to tasks that have operations that can be divided up into separate thread and run in parallel. (P18)多核处理器特别适合那些可以分成单线程和并⾏运⾏的任务操作。
5、640*480 means that the screen consists of 640 columns by 480 rows of pixels. (P36)640×480表⽰屏幕由640列480⾏的像素组成。
6-76、However, they also are bulky, fragile, and consume a great deal of power. (p37)然⽽，他们也都是笨重的，脆弱的，并且消耗⼤量的电⼒。
计算机专业英语Unit04_SectionA_Computer_Program
12/56
Computer Program-Program Development For this reason, compiled languages are more common and are almost always used in professional and scientific applications.
The advantage of interpreted languages is that they can begin executing the program immediately instead of having to wait for all of the source code to be compiled. Changes can also be made to the program fairly quickly without having to wait for it to be compiled again.
操作系统管理计算机以及与之相连的各种资源和设备，如随机 随机 存储器、硬盘驱动器、监视器、键盘、打印机和调制解调器， 存储器 以便其他程序可以使用它们。操作系统的例子包括：DOS、 Windows 95、OS/2和UNIX。
5/56
Computer Program-Program Development
程序分为两大类：应用程序和操作系统。应用程序直接为用 类 户执行某种功能，ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้处理文字或玩游戏.
计算机与网络英语词汇（S4）_计算机英语词汇
stream bitrate 串流位stream file object 串流档案对象stream format 串流格式stream format definition chunk 串流格式定义块stream header 串流标头stream i/o 串流 i/ostream length 串流长度stream mode 串流模式stream name 串流名称stream object 串流物件stream priority 串流优先等级stream quality 串流品质stream rate 串流率stream scale 串流尺度stream socket 串流通讯端stream start 串流起点stream, bit 数元流stream, input job 输入工件流streaming 资料流streaming digital cartridge tape drives 限流数字匣式磁带驱动机streaming drive data verification 限流驱动数据验证streaming formatter/controller 限流格式控制器streaming media 串流媒体streaming video 串流视讯streaming/incremental-recording tape systems 限流/递增记录磁带系统strength 强度strength reduction 复杂运算简化stress 结构工程系统解答器stress testing 压力测试stretch 自动缩放stretched vertically 垂直拉伸strict type semantic 严格类型语意strikeout 删除线string 字符串string break 串破裂string clement 组件串string concatenation operator 字符串串连运算子string constant 字符串常数string editor 字符串编辑器string expression 字符串表达式string file 串檔string identifier 字符串识别码string language 串语言string length 串长string literal 字符串常值string manipulation 串调处string manipulation, data-base 数据库串调处string name 字符串名称string of bits 位串string pooling 字符串共享string process system(sps) 串处理系统string processing 串处理string resources 字符串资源string sorting 串排序string table 字符串数据表string variable 串变数string variable name 字符串变量名称string variable rom 串变量仅读记忆器string variable, alphanumeric 文数串变数string, alphabetic 字符串string, character 字符串string, character(basic) (培基)字符串string-comparison operation 字符串比较作业stringy floopy 串状磁带strip 剥去strip, encoding 编码条纹strip, magnetic-file 磁档条strip, magnetic-tape 磁带条strip-chart recorder 条形图表纸记录器stripe card reader 条纹卡读取机stripe card reader/encoder 条纹卡读取机/编码器stripe card standards 条纹卡标准stripe recording, magnetic 磁条记录striping 加以条文；镶边strips left down 阶梯状往左下扩展strips left up 阶梯状往左上扩展strips right down 阶梯状往右下扩展strips right up 阶梯状往右上扩展strobe 闪控strobe frequency 分解动作频率strobe pulse 闪控脉波strobe release time 闪控释放时间strobe signal 闪控信号stroke 笔划；冲程stroke center line 笔划中线stroke character generator 笔划字符产生器stroke color 笔画色彩stroke edge 笔画边缘stroke edge irregularity 笔划边缘不规则性stroke list 单项工作清单stroke type 笔画类型stroke weight 字体粗细stroke width 笔划宽度stroked charactera 短划字符strong key 增强金钥strong name 强式名称strongly typed 强类型struct 结构structed language 结构化语言structure 结构structure expression 结构表式structure flowcharts 结构流程图structure member 结构组件structure of arrays 数组结构structure query language (sql) 结构化查询语言structure type 结构类型structure(struc) 结构structure, block 块结构structure, priority 优先序结构structured analysis 结构化分析structured exception handling 结构化例外处理structured field syntax 结构化栏语法structured interrupt 结构化岔断structured program testing 结构化程序测试structured programming 结构化程式编制structured programming document-ation 结构化规划文件处理structured programming(sp) 结构化规划structured query language 结构化查询语言 (sql) structured query language (sql) 结构化查询语言structured storage 结构化储存体structuring 结构strudl 结构设计语言sts-1(synchronous transport signal level 1) 同步传输讯号层1 stub card 残卡studio 工作室study date 研读日期study instance 研读实体study ref. physician 研读参考医生study time 研读时间study, application 应用研究stuffing character 填充字符stunt box 制止盒stx 起文字元style 样式style bit 样式位style builder 样式产生器style organizer 样式组织style presets 样式预先设定style sheet 样式表styled text 样式文字stylus 针尖；尖笔stylus printer 针尖印字机stylus, light(pen) 光电笔sub 子sub network mask 子网掩码sub select 细部选取sub task 子任务sub type 子类型sub-dependency 子相依sub-harmonic 分谐波sub-system 分系统sub-wave 副载波subaddress 子地址subalphabet 子字符subblock 子块；分块subchannel 子通道。
计算机英语章节知识点unit4
1---for those who are either just beginning programming or those interested in integrating a database into any form of application/web site.Either ---or : 连接两个名词（或代词）其谓语应该与毗邻的主语取得一致。
2 Thanks to the World Wide Web，----Thanks to：owing to .由于，因为Thanks to your help we were successful .3--- DBMS，along with Microsoft SQL Server，----along with: = in company with 意为“伴随着”why don`t you come along with us ?4or otherwise work with the database's data.Otherwise ：通常置于从句的开头。
She was thankful that she`t had her baby in hospital; otherwise, she thought, she might have died. 注意：在otherwise 前不用or5 Another reason databases were infeasible was simply the lack of skilled administrators to install the lack of skilled: 用作名词：缺乏，不足，没有。
用作动词：缺乏，不足I hated the lack of privacy in the dormitory.6----, so did common standards.So : 开头的句子引起部分倒装。
计算机专业英语复习资料
Computer software system计算机软件系统Operating system操作系统Three dimensional三维Disk operating system磁盘操作系统Network operating system网络操作系统Office software办公软件Reading software阅读软件Typewriting software打字软件Antivirus software杀毒软件Download software下载软件Graphic design software图形设计软件Chatting software聊天软件Arithmetic logic unit算术逻辑单元Central processing unit中央处理器floppy disk软盘mobile hard disk移动硬盘electronic form电子表格word processing system文字处理系统device management设备管理software management软件管理file management文件管理job processing作业处理work book工作簿work sheet工作表web-camera摄像头graphical interface图形界面graphical browser图形浏览器graphical design图形设计windows operating system窗口操作系统management information system管理信息系统panda joss stick熊猫烧香hard disk硬盘mobile disk移动磁盘ROM read only memory只读存储器CPU central processing unit中央处理器USB universal serial通用串行总线PC personal computer个人计算机CD compact disk光盘3D three dimensional三维DOS disk operating system磁盘操作系统OS operating system操作系统WC water closet厕所BC Before Christ公元前ALU arithmetic logic unit运算逻辑单元RAM random access memory随机存储器DVD digital video disk数字视频磁盘VCD video compact disk视频光盘IT information technology信息技术IBM international business machines国际商用机MSN Microsoft network 微软提供的网络在线服务MOS multitask operating system多任务操作系统IS international standard国际标准EC electronic commerce电子商务CAD computer aided design计算机辅助设计An integrated computer has two parts。
计算机专业英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料计算机专业英语复习资料I．V ocabulary(词汇)(30分)(⼀)Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese．(写出下列词组的汉语。
共10分，每题1分) 1．Operating system____________2．white bOx testing__________3．hard disk_________4．management information system_______________5．electronic commerce___________________6．relational database__________________7．software engineering___________________8．software maintenance__________________9．menu bar______________10.n et wo r k s ec u r i t y___________________(⼆)Fill in the blank swith the corresponding English abbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
共10分，每题1分)1．只读存储器__________2．⼴域⽹___________3．传输控制协议___________ 4.⽂件传送[输]协议__________5．通⽤串⾏总线__________ 6.⾯向对象编程____________7．集成开发环境___________8．结构化查询语⾔___________9．数据库管理系统___________ 10．开放系统互连______(三)Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column．(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
软件设计师-计算机专业英语(四)
软件设计师-计算机专业英语(四)(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、综合知识试题(总题数：6，分数：30.00)It should go without saying that the focus of UML is modeling. However, what that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question. (1) is a means to capture ideas, relationships,decisions, and requirements in a well-defined notation that can be applied to many different domains. Modeling not only means different things to different people, but also it can use different pieces of UML depending on what you are trying to convey. In general, a UML model is made up of one or more(2) . A diagram graphically represents things, and the relationships between these things. These(3) can be representations of realworld objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an individual thing to show up on multiple diagrams; each diagram represents a particular interest, or view, of the thing being modeled. UML 2.0 divides diagrams into two categories: structural diagrams and behavioral diagrams. (4) are used to capture the physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another. (5) focus on the behavior of elements in a system. For example, you can use behavioral diagrams to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.（分数：5.00）A.ProgrammingB.AnalyzingC.DesigningD.Modeling √解析：A.viewsB.diagrams √erviewsD.structurepictures解析：A.things √B.picturesnguagesD.diagrams解析：A.Activitydiagramse-casediagramsC.Structuraldiagrams √D.Behavioraldiagrams解析：A.Activity diagramse-case diagramsC.Structural diagramsD.Behavioral √解析：[参考译文] 不用说，UML的聚焦点是建模。
计算机专业英语复习资料整理
英译汉汉译英翻译&简答1）The motherboard is the communications web for the entire computer system.译:主板是整个计算机系统的沟通网。
2）The central processing unit (CPU) is the “brain” of the computer.译:中央处理单元，即CPU，是计算机的“大脑”3）CPU consists of two function al units: the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit.译:CPU有两个功能单元：控制单元和算术-逻辑单元。
4）A computer is a fast and accurate system that is organized to accept, store and process data, and produce results under the direction of a stored program.5）译:计算机是快速而精准的系统，它用来接收、存储和处理数据，并在已存储的程序的指引下输出结果。
6）When people use the term “memory” in reference to computers, they are almost always referring to the computer’s main memory (or primary memory) called random access memory or RAM, which is comprised of chips attached to the motherboard.译:当人们谈及计算机用到“内存”这个术语时，他们几乎总是在指被称为随机存储器RAM的计算机的主存储器，它是由固定在主板上的芯片构成的。
计算机专业英语Unit 4
Unit 4 The Fundamentals of ComputerHardwareText 1 O rganization of Computer System Components Exercises1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words according to the text.（根据课文内容填空）(1)A computer is a fast and accurate symbol manipulating system.(2)The keyboard of a workstation connected online to a computer is an example of device.(3)The input/output and secondary storage units are sometimes called peripheral devices.(4)The heart of a computer system is cpu.(5)Key elements of a computer system include memory, input devices, central processingunit and output devices.(6)The popular output devices used for personal computer are printer.2. Translate and analyze the following sentences.（翻译并分析下面的句子）(1)It is organized to accept, store, and process data and produce output results.句子组成：is organized表是被动，to表目的，and连接并列宾语。
计算机专业英语四Computer English
do在此处是助动词，表示强调，意思是“的
确”。还可以是“一定、千万”等意思。如：
Do be careful, please.
Do wait for me at the gate.
Notes
[4] A variable with dynamic duration is created
anew each time the block in which it is declared is
[4] C++ supports the properties of encapsulation and data hiding through the creation of user-defined types, called classes.
译文：C++通过创建称为类的用户定义类型而 支持封装和数据隐藏的属性。 本句中的“through the creation of user-defined types”是状语，而“called classes”是同位语。
宏名称 存储类 运行(时)期系统
source code
global scope
源代码
全局作用域 存储类标识符
storage class specifier
Notes
[1] However, compare to most high-level languages, C
has a very small set of constructs.
一般地说，compare with的意思是“将...与...比较”，强调比较两者
（同类、性质相同）的不同处。compare to的意思是“将...比作...”，
应用技术学院-计算机专业英语复习资料
应用技术学院-计算机专业英语复习资料专业英语复习资料一、请写出以下单词的中文意思。
1、floppy disk软盘2、printer打印机3、optical disk光盘4、formatting toolbar 格式工具条5、formula方程式6、relational database关系数据库7、antivirus program抗病毒程序8、fragmented破碎9、user interface用户界面10、bus line总线11、smart card智能卡12、motherboard主板13、digital camera数码相机14、fax machine传真机15、ink-jet printer喷墨打印机16、access time访问时间17、direct access直接存取18、Bluetooth蓝牙19、digital signal数字签名20、protocols协议21、operating system 操作系统22．requirements analysis 需求分析23．network security 网络安全24．data structure 数据结构25．decision support system 决策支持系统26．software crisis 软件危机27．computer virus 电脑病毒28．email attachment 电邮附件29．central processing unit ( CPU )中央处理单元30．ink-jet printer 喷墨打印机31. multimedia 多媒体32. software life cycle软件生命周期33. structured programming 结构化程序34. functional testing 功能测试35. word processor 文字处理36. code windows 代码窗口37. firewall 防火墙38. LAN local area network局域网39. hacker 黑客40. switch 开关41．数据库管理系统database management system42．传输控制协议transmission control protocol43．多文档界面multiple document interface 44．面向对象编程Object-oriented programming 45．只读存储器read-only memory46．数字视频光盘Digital Video Disc47．计算机辅助设计computer aided design48．结构化查询语言Structured Query Language49．通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus50．企业之间的电子商务交易方式EDi二、单项选择题。
计算机专业英语期末考复习资料(推荐文档)
考试范围：Unit 1，Unit2, Unit3.3,3.4,3.5, Unit 4.1, 课后练习，以及翻译练习一，单选15题（30%）范围：1.ENIAC were called ____A__,and typically cost more than a million dollarsA. mainframesB. PCC. minicomputerD. Microcomputerputers are _____D___devices that can follow ________ to accept input, process that input, and procedure information.A. electric, wordsB. electrical, instructuresC. electronic, wordsD. electronic instructions3.___D__ printer uses heat element to produce images on heat-sensitive paper.A. Dot-MatrixB.Ink-JetC. LaserD.Thermal4.____A__ directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and the ALU.A. Control unitB.CPUC. MotherboardD.Memory5._____B__ is short for characters per second.A. MIPS（每秒钟百万条指令）B.CPS（中央处理系统）C. CPUD.OS6._____A___ operating system is the most widely used operating system.A. WindowsB.UnixC. LinuxD.Mac7.DOS means_____C___.A. 光盘操作系统B. 软盘操作系统C．磁盘操作系统 D. 硬盘操作系统8.Software Crisis means_____D___.A. 软件开发B. 软件需求C．硬件危机 D. 软件危机9.下面哪个单词的含义是“封装”____B____.A. inheritance (继承)B. encapsulationC. polymorphism （多态性）D. prototype （原型;样机;样品）10.____B___is just a particular type of computer system.A. BrowserB.JavaC. PlatformD.Virtual machine （虚拟机）11. B is used to communicate with another computer over telephonelines.A. keyboardB. modemC. mouseD. printer12. C is a device that enables the computer to handle sounds.A. network cardB. video cardC. sound cardD. monitor13. A is a word processing tool that helps you to create qualitydocuments.A. Word 2003B. Outlook 2003C. Access 2003D. Excel 200314. B is the latest（最新）desktop version of the Windows operatingsystem from Microsoft.A. Windows NTB. Windows 7C. Windows VistaD. WindowsXP15.Which one is not a computer languages? AA. PowerpointB. PASCALC. JavaD. C++16.The heart of a computer system is _ A___A.CPUB. hard diskC. memoryD. main board17.A virus（病毒）is a A.A. programB. computerC. bad manD. beast18.The basic hardware（基本硬件）components of a personal computerconsist of the D .A. keyboard and mouseB. storage devices（存储设备）and displayC. CPUD. all of above19.The central processing unit (CPU) has two parts:A .A. control unit（控制单元）and ALU（算术逻辑单元）B. ALU and registerC. register（注册）and control unitD. ALU and memory20.The more popular operating system is B operating system.A. MS DOSB. WindowsC. UNIXD. Linux21.The desirable features（特点）of the software produced by object-oriented designs（面向对象设计）are the following aspects expect D .A. minimal coupling(最小的耦合)B. functional cohesion(函数内聚)C. information hiding(信息隐藏)D. hierarchical date base(层次数据库)22.Which one of the following descriptions（描述）is not true aboutsoftware crisis? CA. Software is hard to estimate and scheduled.（软件难以评估和使用）B. Software becomes increasingly expensive.（软件变得越来越昂贵）C. Software is almost impossible to identify.（软件是几乎不可能确定）D. Software is almost impossible to manage. （软件是几乎是不可能的管理）23.In computer science, AI is the abbreviation（简称）of theB .A. Adequate IntakeB. Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）C. Analogy InputD. Appreciative Inquiry24 C are the only languages understood by computers.A. High-level languagesB. Assembly languages（汇编语言）C. Machine languages（机器语言）D. Object-oriented programming languages25.The biggest in size, the most expensive in price than any other is classified（分类）and known as A .A. Super ComputersB. MainframesC. MinicomputersD.Portable Computers二，判断10题（10%）范围：以课后练习为主三，阅读理解4篇20题（40%）P16 4,5,6段P37 倒1 P57 倒数2段（java）P67 1，3，5，6段1、In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program．The task of developing programs for the soultion of computational problems is referred to as programming．Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow．In general，this process will help usresolve a problem，which is either too tedious (冗长的) or difficult to work out otherwise．So programming is breaking a task down into small steps．译：为解决计算问题，其解决方案必须被指定在一个计算步骤的序列，每一个可能由一个人或一个数字计算机。
计算机专业英语总复习
1.LSI :large-scale integrated circuit大规模集成电路2.VLSI :very large-scale integrated circuit超大规模集成电路3.vacuum tube真空管4.integrated circuit集成电路5.artificial intelligence 人工智能 AI6.parallel-processing并行处理7.A digital computer is generally made up of five distince elements:a central processing unit,input devices,memory storage devices,output devices,and a bus.8.Accroding to the text,modern digital computers can be divided into four major categories on the basis of cost and performance.They are microcomputers,workstations（工作站）,minicomputers（小型机）,and mainframes（大型机）.(The largest and fastest of these are called supercomputers巨型机.)9.The first electronic computers ,such as Colossus and ENIAC created in Britain and the US respectively ,used vacuum tubes（真空管）,which later gave place to transistors（晶体管）.10.microcomputer 微型计算机palmtop 掌上电脑——palmlaptop 笔记本电脑——lapdesktop 台式机——deskThe personal computer or microcomputer,a relatively low-cost machine,usually of desktop size (though"laptops"are small enough to fit in a briefcase, and "palmtops"can fit a pocket.)11.One important parallel-processing (并行处理)approach is the neural network ,which mimics the architecture of the nervous(神经系统的）system.12.One of the trends in computer development is microminiaturization（微小型化）.(superconductivity 超导性).第二章1.flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪2.parallel connection 并行连接串行连接serial connection3.操作系统operating system （OS）4.液晶显示（器）LCD (liquid crystal display)5.基本输入/输出系统BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)6.According to the text, the two main types of storage devices are disk drives（磁盘驱动器）and memory(存储器）.7.A computer bus consists of two channels : one that the CPU uses to locate data, called the address bus(地址总线）, and another to send the data to that address, called the data bus（数据总线）.8.output hardware：video display 视频显示器screenprinter 打印机9.input hardware：joystick 游戏柄、function key 功能键、trackball 轨迹球、scanner 扫描仪、microphone 麦克风第三章1.We can classify programming languages under two types:low-level languages and high-level languages.2.High-level languages are commonly classified as procedure-oriented(面向过程), functional(函数式), object-oriented(面向对象) ,or logic languages （逻辑语言).3.A machine language is a low-level language in binary code that a computer can understand and execute directly.4.High-level languages must first be translated into a machine language by another program called a compiler(编译器）before they can be understood and processed by a computer.5.function statement 函数语句object-oriented language 面向对象语言assignment statement 赋值语句conditional statement 条件语句data declaration 数据声明functional structure 功能结构object-oriented 面向对象logic language 逻辑语言6.In many programming languages , a key data type is a pointer(指针）.7.An expression(表达式）is a piece of a statement that describes a series of computations to be performed on some of the program's variables.8.Programmers use statement to manipulate common components of programming languages, such as variables and macros(宏）.第四章1. The most common subroutines ：function 函数、procedure 过程、library routine 库程序、system routine 系统程序、device driver 设备驱动2. A debugger(调试程序）is a program that often used to help find problems in other programs.3. A program called linker(连接器）comnines all of the translated pieces into a single executable program.4. There are three types of application programs to translate source code（源代码）into object code（目标代码）.They are compilers(编译程序）, interpreters（解释程序）,and assemblers（汇编程序）.。
计算机专业英语第4章
03
Hard disks and SSDs are internal storage devices that are installed inside the computer case, while optical disks and removable storage media are external storage devices that can be inserted into the computer
03
Data storage and processing
Data type
Primitive Data Types
These are the basic data types that are built into the programming language They include integer, floating point, character, boolean, etc
Computer Professional English Chapter 4
目录
• Fundamentals of Computer Hardware • Fundamentals of Computer Software • Data storage and processing • Network and Communication
03
Storage Devices
These are physical devices that are used for data storage They include hard drives, SSDs (Solid State Drivers), CD-ROM, USB drives, etc
英语四级词汇复习科技类
英语四级词汇复习科技类科技在现代社会中扮演着重要的角色，与之相关的词汇也是英语四级考试中的重点内容。
本文将围绕科技类词汇进行复习，帮助读者更好地准备英语四级考试。
一、计算机与互联网1. Computer（计算机）- The computer has become an essential tool in our daily lives, greatly improving productivity and efficiency.2. Software（软件）- The software industry is developing rapidly, providing various applications and programs for different purposes.3. Hardware（硬件）- The hardware components of a computer include the CPU, memory, and motherboard.4. Internet（互联网）- The Internet connects people from all over the world, enabling communication and information sharing.5. Website（网站）- Websites are created for different purposes, such as e-commerce, entertainment, and education.二、通信与移动设备1. Smartphone（智能手机）- Smartphones have revolutionized the way we communicate and access information.2. Wifi（无线网络）- Wifi technology allows wireless connection to the Internet, providing convenience for users.3. Social media（社交媒体）- Social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter have changed the way we interact and share information.4. Email（电子邮件）- Email is a widely used electronic communication method, facilitating quick and efficient information exchange.5. Text message（短信）- Text messages are widely used for instant communication, allowing people to send short messages to each other.三、数字化与媒体1. Digital（数字化）- Digital technology has transformed many industries, such as photography, music, and publishing.2. E-book（电子书）- E-books provide a convenient and portable way to access and read books.3. Streaming（流媒体）- Streaming services offer on-demand access to videos, music, and other digital content.4. Virtual reality（虚拟现实）- Virtual reality technology creates immersive digital environments, providing new experiences for users.5. Gaming（游戏）- Game consoles and online gaming platforms have become popular forms of entertainment.四、人工智能与大数据1. Artificial intelligence（人工智能）- Artificial intelligence mimics human intelligence to perform tasks such as voice recognition and problem-solving.2. Big data（大数据）- Big data refers to large and complex datasets that can be analyzed to reveal patterns and trends.3. Machine learning（机器学习）- Machine learning algorithms enable computers to learn from data and make predictions or decisions.4. Robotics（机器人技术）- Robotics involves the design and development of robots that can perform tasks autonomously.5. Cloud computing（云计算）- Cloud computing allows users to access and store data, applications, and services remotely.五、可持续发展与环境保护1. Renewable energy（可再生能源）- Renewable energy sources like solar and wind power help reduce reliance on fossil fuels.2. Green technology（绿色科技）- Green technology focuses on developing environmentally friendly solutions and practices.3. Recycling（回收利用）- Recycling reduces waste and conserves resources, contributing to a more sustainable future.4. Climate change（气候变化）- Climate change refers to long-term shifts in weather patterns, which have significant environmental and societal impact.5. Conservation（保护）- Conservation efforts aim to protect natural habitats and endangered species.六、安全与隐私保护1. Cybersecurity（网络安全）- Cybersecurity measures are necessary to protect computer systems and networks from unauthorized access or attacks.2. Encryption（加密）- Encryption techniques are used to secure sensitive data and communications.3. Privacy（隐私）- Privacy concerns have arisen with the increased use of technology and the collection of personal data.4. Biometrics（生物识别）- Biometric authentication methods, such as fingerprint or facial recognition, enhance security in access control.5. Password（密码）- Strong passwords are essential for protecting personal accounts and preventing unauthorized access.总结：以上是对英语四级词汇复习科技类的内容总结。
英语四级词汇复习计算机类
英语四级词汇复习计算机类IntroductionIn today's digital age, computer technology plays an increasingly important role in our daily lives. As English language learners, it is crucial for us to have a strong foundation of computer-related vocabulary to effectively communicate in various contexts. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of essential computer-related vocabulary for the English language proficiency exam – English Language Proficiency Test (ELPT) Level 4.Section 1: Hardware1.1 Central Processing Unit (CPU)The CPU, often referred to as the "brain" of a computer, is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. It consists of control units, registers, and arithmetic logic units.1.2 Random Access Memory (RAM)RAM is a type of computer memory that allows data to be read from and written to rapidly by the CPU. Unlike storage devices, RAM is volatile and loses its data once the computer is turned off.1.3 Hard Disk Drive (HDD)The HDD is a non-volatile storage device that stores and retrieves digital information using magnetic storage. It is commonly used for long-term storage of data, files, and programs.Section 2: Software2.1 Operating System (OS)An operating system is the software that manages computer hardware resources and provides an interface for users to interact with the computer. Examples of popular operating systems include Windows, macOS, and Linux.2.2 Application SoftwareApplication software refers to programs designed to perform specific tasks, such as word processing, spreadsheet calculations, multimedia editing, and internet browsing. Common examples include Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, and Google Chrome.2.3 Antivirus SoftwareAntivirus software is designed to detect, prevent, and remove malicious software, such as viruses, worms, and trojans, from a computer system. It is essential for maintaining the security and integrity of computer data.Section 3: Networking3.1 RouterA router is a network device that forwards data packets between computer networks. It serves as a central distribution point, directing network traffic to the appropriate destinations.3.2 FirewallA firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic. It acts as a barrier, protecting a computer or network from unauthorized access and potential threats.3.3 IP AddressAn IP address is a unique numerical label assigned to each device on a computer network. It acts as an identifier, enabling devices to communicate with each other over the internet according to the Internet Protocol (IP).Section 4: Internet Terminology4.1 BrowserA browser is a software application used to access information on the internet. Popular web browsers include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge.4.2 Search EngineA search engine is a software system that searches the internet for specific information based on user queries. Prominent search engines include Google, Bing, and Yahoo.4.3 WebsiteA website is a collection of related web pages accessible through a common domain name. It can contain various types of content, such as text, images, audio, and video.ConclusionMastering computer-related vocabulary is essential for English language learners, particularly for those preparing for the English Language Proficiency Test (ELPT) Level 4. This article has provided an overview of essential computer-related vocabulary, covering hardware, software, networking, and internet terminology. By familiarizing ourselves with these terms, we can enhance our ability to communicate effectively in the field of computer technology.。
数据库系统工程师-计算机专业英语(四)
数据库系统工程师-计算机专业英语(四)(总分：45.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、(总题数：9，分数：45.00)In object-oriented (51) , objects can be viewed as reusable components, and once the programmer has developed a (52) of these components, he can (53) the amount of new coding required. But (52) a (54) is no simple task because the integrity of the Original software design is critical. Reusability can be a mixed blessing for user, too, as a programmer has to be able to find the object he needs. But if (55) is your aim, reusability is worth the risk.（分数：5.00）(1).A. complexity B. creating C. indisposingD. libraryE. maximizeF. minimizeG. reading H. procedure I. productivityJ. programming K. security L. using（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J. √K.L.解析：(2).A. complexity B. creating C. indisposingD. libraryE. maximizeF. minimizeG. reading H. procedure I. productivityJ. programming K. security L. using（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.解析：(3).A. complexity B. creating C. indisposingD. libraryE. maximizeF. minimizeG. reading H. procedure I. productivityJ. programming K. security L. using（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F. √G.H.I.J.K.L.解析：(4).A. complexity B. creating C. indisposingD. libraryE. maximizeF. minimizeG. reading H. procedure I. productivityJ. programming K. security L. using（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.解析：(5).A. complexity B. creating C. indisposingD. libraryE. maximizeF. minimizeG. reading H. procedure I. productivityJ. programming K. security L. using（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I. √J.K.L.解析：[解析] 在面向对象的程序设计中，对象可被看做是一种可重用的构件。
计算机专业英语4
This passage is mainly talking about ______.•control•正确答案：A210分Most computer operating system in use today, including all consumer-targeted systems ,include a TCP/IP _____.••正确答案：C310分The TCP/IP model consist of____ layers.••正确答案：C410分The functional groups of protocols and methods are________ , the Transport layer, the Internet Layer, and the Link Layer.•X• •Layer正确答案：D510分It is commonly also known as TCP/IP, named from two of the most important protocols in it: The Transmission Control Protocol and _____.•identifier•array正确答案：B二、阅读理解共1题，50分150分The term "optimization" in compiler design refers to the attempts that a compiler makes to produce code that is more efficient than the obvious code. "Optimization" is thus a misnomer, since there is no way that the code produced by a compiler can be guaranteed to be as fast or faster than any other code that performs the same task. In modern times, the optimization of code that a compiler performs has become both more important and more complex. It is more complex because processor architectures have become more complex, yielding more opportunities to improve the way codeexecutes. It is more important because massively parallel computers require substantial optimization, or their performance suffers by orders of magnitude. With the likely prevalence of multicore machines (computers with chips that have large numbers of processors on them), all compilers will have to face the problem of taking advantage of multiprocessor machines.It is hard, if not impossible, to build a robust compiler out of “hacks”.Thus, an extensive and useful theory has been built up around the problem of optimizing code. The use of a rigorous mathematical foundation allows us to show that an optimization is correct and that it produces the desirable effect for all possible inputs. We shall see, starting in Chapter 9, how models such as graphs, matrices, and linear programs are necessary if the compiler is to produce well optimized code.(1)、The term "optimization" in compiler design means _________.•misnomer that a compiler makes.•code produced by a compiler.•code that is guaranteed to be faster.正确答案：B(2)、In modern times, the optimization of code has become more important, because ________.tion.•architectures have become more complex.•architectures have yielded more opportunitiesto improve the way code executes.•code produced by a compiler can be guaranteed tobe faster.正确答案：A(3)、In modern times, the optimization of code __________ a compiler performs has become both more important and more complex.•••正确答案：D(4)、It is __________, if not impossible, to build a robust compiler out of “hac ks”.•••正确答案：B(5)、If the compiler is to produce well optimized code,___________.• is helpless•is needed.•are helpless.正确答案：D。
2023年全国计算机等级考试四级复习要点汇集
2023年全国计算机等级考试四级复习要点汇集1.2023年全国计算机等级考试四级复习要点汇集篇一RISC的开拓性工作：（1）1967年SeymourCray在研制CDC-6600时，事实上他就已经采用了精简指令集的思想。
因此，我们说他的工作是RISC思想的先驱。
（2）IBM801项目1975年IBM的沃森研究中心开始了对复杂指令系统是否合理的研究，称为801项目。
到1979年研制成32位的IBM801小型计算机，该机只有120条指令，速度达到10MIPS，这可以说是世界上最早利用精简指令思想研制成的计算机。
（3）伯克利的RISC项目1980年美国加州大学伯克利分校的DavidPatteron教授领导了RISC项目。
RISC这一缩写正是Patteron在伯克利讲课时首先使用的。
2.2023年全国计算机等级考试四级复习要点汇集篇二CISC的主要弊病：（1）CISC的最直觉的弊病就是指令集过分庞杂。
（2）微程序技术是CISC的重要支柱。
每条复杂指令都要通过执行一段解释性微程序才能完成，这就需要多个CPU周期，从而降低了机器的处理速度。
（3）由于指令系统过分庞大，使高级语言编译程序选择目标指令的范围很大，并使编译程序本身冗长而复杂，从而难以优化编译使之生成真正高效的目标代码。
（4）CISC强调完善的中断控制，势必导致动作繁多，设计复杂，使研制周期增长。
（5）CISC给芯片设计带来很多困难，使芯片种类增多，出错几率增大，成本提高而成品率降低。
3.2023年全国计算机等级考试四级复习要点汇集篇三RISC的基本特征：（1）精简指令数量（2）简化指令格式（3）采用单周期指令（4）采用寄存器操作（5）硬线控制逻辑（6）优化编译程序4.2023年全国计算机等级考试四级复习要点汇集篇四RISC的关键技术：（1）在伯克利的RISC项目中，首先采用了重叠寄存器窗口的技术。
（2）优化编译技术RISC使用了大量的寄存器，如何合理分配寄存器、提高寄存器的使用效率，减少访存次数等，都应通过编译技术的优化来实现。
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Ⅰ. Vocabulary(词汇，30分)(一)．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(10分，每题1分)1、circuit board 电路板2、filing cabinet 档案柜3、software engineering 软件工程师4、expansion slot 扩展槽5、analog audio signal 模拟音频信号6、memory cycle time 内存周期7、non-volatile memory 非易失性内存8、electromagnetic induction 电池感应9、assembly language 汇编语言10、coptical fiber 光纤(二)．Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
) (10分，每题1分)1、电子公告栏Computer Board System2、局域网Local Area Network3、安全加密Pretty Good Privacy4、视频紧凑盘Visual Compact Disk5、通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus6、小型计算机系统接口Small Computer System Interface7、快速页模式Fast Page Mode8、命令语言解释程序Command Language Interpreter9、液晶显示器Liquid Crystal Display10、集成电路Integrated Circuit（三）.Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar meaning in the right column..(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
) (10分，每题1分)1.full duplex a. 应用软件2. echo on b. 性能优势3、date transfer rate c. 指数增长4. exponential increase d. 同步计算机5. synchronous computer e. 全双工6. performance advantage f. 回声7.personal digital assistant g. 厂家定制的8. application software h. 数据传输率9. dot matrix i. 个人数字助理10.manufacturer-customized j. 点阵式打印机1.full duplex 全双工2. echo on 回声3、date transfer rate 数据传输率4. exponential increase 指数增长5. synchronous computer 同步计算机6. performance advantage 性能优势7.personal digital assistant 个人数字助理8. application software 应用软件9. dot matrix 点阵式打印机10.manufacturer-customized 厂家定制的Ⅱ. Comprehension(阅读理解，45分)（一）Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary. （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。
10分, 每空2分)( ArrayThe front panel is uncluttered ____compared___with those of most other PCs. Two chrome –lipped slots accept____the most common memory cards . there’s only one optical drive cutout; and a door hides ____ connections ____for the various ports and jacks .The back panel has coaxial as well as optical _____digital___out . The wireless keyboard , just 15 inches wide with a ____built-in pointing____stick , is cute but awkward .It’s fine for navigating from your couch but begs to be replaced by a more traditional keyboard and separate mouse for normal desktop PC duties. （二）choose the best answer according to the passage.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。
）（每题4分，共20分）Passage AWater problems in the future will become nore intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes,primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantialy the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasingquantities of agricultural chemicals, From this , it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes "prior to " disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or efflunets,to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement . Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Efflunets from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential eonomic uses for waste products.1.The purpose of this passage is ______.a.to alert the reader to the dwindling water supplyb.to explain industrial uses of waterc.to acquaint the reader with water pollution problemsd.to demostrate various measures to solve the pollution problem2.Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?___a.In dustrial development incudes the simplification of complex chemical processes.b.Diluting wastes needs certain amount of waterc.Demands for water will go up along with the expanding populationd.Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals3.The reader can conclued that________.a.countries of the world will work together on polution problemsb.byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplacec.science is making great progress on increasing water suppliesd.some industries are now ,aking economic use of wastes4.The author gives substance to the passage through the use of ______.a.interviews with authorities in the field of water controlsb.opinions and personal observationsc.definitions which clarify important termsd.strong arguments and persuasions5.The words "prior to "(para.2) probably mean_____.a.afterb.duringc.befored.beyondOn Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone.At six o'clock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry.Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-"a master key"perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didn't go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.It was just after four o'clock when the front door bell rang.Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.1.Mrs. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_______.a.she worked at a club on the dayb.she said visitors on Thursdaysc.she visited a club on Thursdayd.a special visitor came on Thursday2.If someone had made a forced entery,_______.a.Mrs.Clarke would have found a broken door or windowb.he or she was still in the housec.things would have been thown aboutd.he or she would have needed a master key3.On the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______.a.because she didn't want to miss the club againb.to see if the thief was hnging about outsidec.to the club but then changed her mindd.in an attempt to trick the thief4.The lock on the front door was one which_______.a.needed a piece of wire to open itb.could he opened from inside without a keyc.could't be opened without a keyed a knob instead of a key5.The wire feel to the floor_______.a.because Mrs.Clarke refused to open the doorb.when the man's glove dropped offc.because it was too hot to holdd.because the man justwanted to get awayⅢ.Translation. (翻译，25分)(一) Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（将下列句子翻译成汉语。