Frankenstein玛丽雪莱的创作背景

Percy Shelley, a poet and radical free-thinker, fell in love with Mary, despite being still married to his first wife Harriet. Mary and Percy both shared a love for literature and they used to discuss literary classics and philosophy.
PS: Ellen Moers was one of the first to claim that Shelley's loss of a baby was a crucial influence on the writing of Frankenstein.
The influence
of
her parents
To some degree, Frankenstein was more of a girl’s wonder that owed to childhood feasts on dark and peculiar fantasies.
It started one stormy night at the residence of Lord Byron where a group of contemporary literati were assembled. Mary Shelly was also visiting, accompanied by her future husband Percy Shelley. To pass the stormy days and nights, they decided they would have a competition to see who could write the best horror story. It was one such night, Mary Shelly saw her monster’s first silhouette in dream. Shelley dreamt about a scientist who created life and was horrified by what she had made. Then Frankenstein was written.
Mary Shelley (1797-1851) was destined to become one of the most prominent figures in English literature. Both her parents were revolutionaries and writers: Her father William Godwin (1756-1836) was an English journalist and novelist and one of the major proponents of anarchist philosophy.Mary's mother Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797), one of the earliest feminists, was equally radical. In her book A Vindication of the Rights of Women Wollstonecaft argues that the inferior role of women in society was not natural, but rather a consequence of miseducation. She called for equality of women and men, the women's right to work and proper education for girls. Although she died ten days after giving birth to her daughter Mary, her works continued to influence Mary Shelley. Mary grew up surrounded by intellectual minds and she was educated and tutored by her father, who married his second wife Mary Jane Clairmont in 1801.
The story is partially based on Giovanni Aldini's electrical experiments on dead and (sometimes) living animals and was also a warning against the expansion of modern humans in the Industrial Revolution, alluded to in its subtitle, The Modern Prometheus. It has had a considerable influence across literature and popular culture and spawned a complete genre of horror stories and films.

Frankenstein is infused with some elements of the Gothic novel and the Romantic movement and is also considered to be one of the earliest examples of science fiction. Brian Aldiss has argued that it should be considered the first true science fiction story, because unlike in previous stories with fantastical elements resembling those of later science fiction, the central character "makes a deliberate decision" and "turns to modern experiments in the laboratory" to achieve fantastic results. It has had a considerable influence across literature and popular culture and spawned a complete genre of horror stories and films.
Frankenstein;
or, The Modern Prometheus is a novel written by Mary Shelley about a creature produced by an unorthodox scientific experiment. Shelley started writing the story when she was eighteen, and the novel was published when she was twenty-one. The first edition was published anonymously in London in 1818. Shelley's name appears on the second edition, published in France ination of the novel, the name "Frankenstein" is often used to refer to the monster itself, as is done in the stage adaptation by Peggy Webling. This usage is sometimes considered erroneous, but usage commentators regard the monster sense of "Frankenstein" as well-established and an acceptable usage.
Whilst girls of her age attended to ball frocks and hair-do’s she was more occupied with contemporary Gothic novels; Paradise Lost by Milton, Paradise Regained, Areopagetica, Lycidas and Comus. On the other end, Shelly digested the works of her poet-husband Pryce Shelley, Byron, Wordsworth, and Coleridge and while writing down the notorious Frankenstein, she was going through Gulliver’s Travels by Swift.

Shelley had travelled in the region of Geneva, where much of the story takes place, and the topics of galvanism电疗法 and other similar occult ideas were themes of conversation among her companions, particularly her future husband, Percy Shelley. The storyline emerged from a dream. Mary, Percy, Lord Byron, and John Polidori decided to have a competition to see who could write the best horror story. After thinking for weeks about what her possible storyline could be, Shelley dreamt about a scientist who created life and was horrified by what he had made. She then wrote Frankenstein.