英语缩印

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英语缩印

第五单元①dilemma②explicit③perspectives④retain⑤derive⑥appetite⑦option⑧urgent⑨suspend ⑩manipulatedThe Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name “the Silk Road”. As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of “One Belt, One Road” (namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road). The strategy of “One Belt, One Road”focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road.第六单元①profits②pre serve ③discarded④corresponding⑤motivate⑥weakens⑦implement⑧obligations⑨revolve⑩modifyNational Happiness Index (NHI) is an index that measures how happy people are. It is also a tool that measures the levels of economic development and people's livelihood and happiness in a country or region. With the fast growth of Chinese economy, the Chinese government has been paying more and more attention to people's living quality and the increase of happiness index. The government stresses improvement of its people's livelihood, striving to improve their economic conditions and meet their growing material and cultural needs. Currently, the Chinese government advocates the unleashing of more reform dividends, with the aim of offering more real benefits to its people. All these measures will combine to effectively increase the NHI of our people.第七单元①flourishing ②expanded ③genuine ④diplomatically ⑤comparison⑥administrative ⑦jealous ⑧dispute ⑨valid ⑩bystandersChina is home to silk, thereby having a variety of arts related to silk, one of which is embroidery. Embroidery, with at least two or three thousand years of history, is one of the Chinese traditional folk arts and crafts. Since most embroiderers are women, it’s also called “women’s needlework”. Embroidery has been much-loved by the Chinese people. It can be used to beautify clothing and things. For example, clothes, quilts, pillowcases etc. can be embroidered with beautiful designs, or a piece of embroidery can be made for a special ornament. There are four most famous types of embroidery in China: Suxiu from Suzhou, Yuexiu from Guangdong, Xiangxiu from Hunan, and Shuxiu from Sichuan, each having its own style and theme. Among the four, Suzhou embroidery has enjoyed the highest reputation.。

英语缩印——精选推荐

英语缩印15选10are a relatively recentfound a surprising ingredient the containers suggest they Earliest direct evidence To test that theoryDried remains insidethe roots,including lily, become astaple foodmay have arrived in theAs raw material for⼋选5of animationHe transformedand optimismboth influentialto simplifyhas occurredimportant. Conversationseasy to initiateto engagethe casualthe peakthis magnificentthat intrigueof seclusionreligious endeavour选词填空China’s animationLaughter animatedequally dividemain divisionthe collisionwest collideof commerceA commercialwould transformcomplete transformationa reservedto reservea lookby a glancein casualasked casually prisoners attempted We tenda glowsoft lightdeep seclusiona seclusiveup intimacymy intimateThis replicationto replicateis magnificentthe magnificence career peaked mountain peak选择in the field of transformed ..into and+died ofdied fromsave ...fromput up withtend tocan’t help but feel in this sense broke downbroke upbreak awayleft ..behindlay in her waygot on her nervesgo to great lengthssuck outgo beyondtranslatingmad atslipped byprotect..fromremoved fromexcept forall sethold backstruckout of sight make fun of picking onsprang upfocus onreign overshy away fromdedicate ..toablazeat ease阅读u1 music C:my music could B:the author's music touc hedB:Because his fatherD:eager to seeC:The author's was gifted u2 D:lovingD:Lorne's motherC:IndifferentC:Unsolved Mysteries C:became a widowu3残疾A:she had an artificial legC:make itA:a fieldC:pollyanna'su4 bead B:sense of wonderD:I enjoyedC:Else where isB:The globalA:Enjoyed theu5 Disney D:The stereotypted C:shecanC:ElsaA:toputC:starts to renewU6 滑雪A:to take a lessonA:he hadskiedA:His lipsB:his poor skillsC:He wasalwaysu7 A:artist wer drawn to palce wit hC:a nervous commotionC:Because he wantedB:the rich lifeD:A terrible monsteru8 B:rather difficultA:To find outC:It can addB:old peopleA:It's more subjectiveNan Guo boasted that he was an ou tstanding musician.南郭吹嘘他是个杰出的乐师Therefore，King Xuan of Qi recruited him intothe orchestra.因此，齐宣王把他招进乐团Nan Guo was afraid that his deception would be discovered南郭害怕他的欺骗被发现Sometimes，people also use this idiom toexpress self-modesty有时，⼈们也⽤这个成语来表⽰⾃谦There are many advantages to living near the market住在集市附近有很多好处After Mencius grew up, he acquired six classical arts孟⼦长⼤后，他学会了六艺This story illustrates the emphasis that Mother Meng placed on education这个故事说明了孟母对教育的重视Her example inspired Mencius to study hard.她的例⼦激励了孟⼦努⼒学习The peacock dance is performed mostly on some important religious events.孔雀舞主要在⼀些重要的宗教活动中表演The beauty and kindness of the peacock inspires the Dai culture.孔雀的美丽和善良激发了傣族⽂化的灵感。

采矿工程英语考试点缩印版

名词翻译（20）井工开采underground mining 露天开采strip(open pit) mining 长壁开采longwall mining 房柱开采room-and-pillar mining 运输巷道travelling roadway 地表下沉surface subsidence 矿山压力underground pressure支撑压力abutment pressure矿压显现strata behavior 地板隆起floor heave 顶板控制ground control 通风管理ventilation control前进式回采advancing woking 煤炭自燃spontaneous combustion of coal 直接顶immediate roof 岩层力学strata mechanics正断层normal fault 逆断层reversed fault 采区working area/section 采空区mined-out gob液压支架powered support 后退式回采retreating woking 支护系统support system 运输系统haulage system垛式支架chock support 老顶main roof 掩护式支架shield-type support 额定工作阻力yield loads岩理结构rock structure 工作面运输巷headentry 工作面回风巷tailentry汉译英（20）+英译汉（30）1、The discovery that certain black rock would burn was undoubtedly accidental and probably occurred independently and many times in the world over thousands of years.发现这种黑色石头能够燃烧肯定是偶然的，这个现象可能是在几千年间世界上（不同地方的人们）独立发现的。

英语缩印

3:how do most peole behave when they meet beggars on the street(C:they pretend not to see them)
4:what did the aythor's friend mean when he said"get lost!"to the beggar(D:he was annoyed)
一：In 1665,an apple fell from a tree and landed near young Isaac Newton./the more skills you can bring to a scientific problem.
1:we learn from the first paragraph that(A:the ability to think is of first importance to sceientific discovery)
1 what does this story suggest?(B we should be ready to give a hand to anyone in need.
2 when they arrived at the hospice,it was about(D 4:30am
3 why did the woman ask to drive through downtown(C beacuse she knew it might be her last trip there
3:some of the heroes' qualities in fairy tales have been changed over the years(D:to adaot to the change of the times)

英语中的常见缩写

BUMPTOP_STICKY_NOTE缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。

很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。

一．缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：1.拿掉所有元音MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive2.保留前几个字母INFO ：information INS ：insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOUIn stead of I/O3．保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK：weekRM：roomPL：people4.根据发音R ：areTHO：thoughTHRU：through缩略词原词APT ：ApartmentACC：AccountantACDG ：According ACPT: AcceptAD ：AdvertisementADS ：AddressADV：AdviceAMAP ：As much/many as possibleAMT：AmountAPV ：ApproveASAP ：As soon as possible BAL ：BalanceBLDG ：BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ：ConformCNCL ：CancelCNF：ConferenceCMI ：CommissionCMP ：CompleteCMPE ：Compete/competitiveCMU ：Communication CONC ：Concern/concerning/concer nedCOND ：Condition 缩略词原词CO. ：CompanyDEPT：DepartmentDISC ：DepartureEXCH：ExchangeEXPLN：ExplainEXT：ExtentFLT ：FinalFRT：FreightFYR ：For your referenceGD ：GoodGUAR ：GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO ：InformationIMPS ：ImpossibleIMP(T)：ImportantINCD ：IncludeINDIV ：IndividualINS：InsuranceINTST ：InterestedI/O ：In stead ofIOU ：I owe youIVO：In view ofMANUF ：ManufactureMDL ：ModelMEMO ：MemorandumMGR ：Manger缩略词原词MIN ：MinimumMKT ：MarketMSG ：MessageNCRY ：NecessaryNLT ：No later thanOBS ：ObserveOBT ：ObtainORD ：OrdinaryPAT ：PatentPC ：PiecePKG ：PackingPL ：PeoplePLS ：PleasePOSN：PositionPOSS(BL)：PossiblePROD：ProductQLTY：QualityQUTY：QuantityRCV：ReceiveREF ：ReferenceREGL ：RegularREP ：RepresentativeRESN：ReservationRPT ：RepeatRESPON ：ResponsibleSEC：SectionSITN ：SituationSTD ：Standard缩略词原词TEL ：Telephone TEMP ：Temporary TGM ：Telegraph THO ：Though TKS ：Thanks 缩略词原词TRD ：TradeTRF：TrafficTTL ：TotalU ：YouUR ：Your缩略词原词WK ：WeekWL ：WillWT ：WeightXL：Extra large二、字母、图像Z表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。

英语缩印新

英语缩印新英语复习要点听力Unit11 .A A) The woman2.C C)The man’s friend asks him to cheat in the exam3.A A)Tom likes the man very much4.C C)The woman thinks the man should have real friends5.C C)The man lost contact with Jean this month6.B B)Since they were in the kindergarten7.A A) Sincere8.C C)The woman wants to know whether Jack is suitable for the job9.C C)The woman does an investigation into Jack10.B B) Those who make many friends at school11.B B)Because they can help management and teamwork12.A A) Because we have different relationship with different people13.C C) One hundred and fiftyUnit 21.B B) He disliked an over-crowded place2C C)Tom’s son is studying painting now3.B B) In JulyA A) He got up later than usual5.C C)He will frist make money to realize his dream6.C C)The man’s trouble with his major in college7.B B) He was thinking about a lecture he expected8.A A) He is getting tired of it9.A A) Because they thought is would be hard for an artmajor to find a job10.D D)He wanted to be a top musician11.A A)He was very strict with his son12.C C)To focus on his practice instead of thinking about other things13.D D)At the age 17Unit31.A A)He is eager to go2.D D)It is more important to take the benefits into consideration3.D D) A news reporter4.B B) Policeman and driver5.B B)They don’t know how to export their product6.B B) The current politics in Linama7.B B)He has closed the parliament down8.B B)The President would have resigned in the end9.A A) He thought it’s wise for the President to do this10.A A) Climate change11.D D) More than a third12.A A) Ten fold13.D D) ConstructiveUnit41.D D) Interviewer and interviewee2.A A) A man named GuyA A) A writer4.C C)He doesn’t put ideas into practice5.D D) They are twin sisters6.D D) In Manchester7.D D) Tomorrow afternoon8.C C) How to be confident when doing sales work9.A A) Because Susan has good sales records10.C C)Because he wanted to be a great actor11.C C) Riding horses12.D D) When he was given an opportunity to play on the stage13.A A)In writing playsUnit51.B B)Her son’s studies2.C C)The questions had little connection with the course3.A A) She has to work on Saturday night4.B B) There will be no English test this afternoon5.A A) She hasn’t got a partner yet6.D D) Student and student advisor7.B B) Six times8.C C)He will have to transfer to another school9)C C)Faxing the man’s fa ther10)B B)T o receive a formal education11)B B)Education can take place anywhere12)A A)Both can be the agent of education13)A A)When they are babies 完形填空1A few years ago ,I decided that it wouldbe enjoyable for me to develop a hobby.(1)endurance (2)accessory(3)intensity (4)invest(5)subsequently(6)displayed (7)accessory(8)inclination (9)allocate. (10)attain完形填空2Michael Jordan is well known for beingperhaps the greatest playerIn NBA history.(1)substantial (2)executive(3)undisputed (4)recall (5)translate (6)innovation (7)endorse(8)prominence (9)renowned(10)entrepreneur完形填空3The differences in communicative types between Easterners and Westerners often lead to many false(1)perceptions (2)bothered (3)hurt (4)concept (5)hurt (6)fiction(7)excited (8)neither (9) internal (10)whole ness完形填空4Grace and Sean were thousands of miles apart, but they had the same(1)passion (2) charming (3) rent(4) comments (5)e-mailing (6)dating (7) amazing (8) cyber(9)anniversary (10)engaged完形填空5St.George travelled for many months by land sea until he came to Libya.(1)distress (2)demands(3)determined (4)dressed(5)comforted(6)princess (7) dragon (8)afraid(9)unable (10) strength1、选词填空Everyone needs friends:1、fail2、examine3、personality4、faults5、acquaintances6、stranger7、impression8、friendly 9、discuss 10、consider In this week：1、thanks2、release3、overtake4、outselling 5、beaten 6、capture 7、songs 8、attributed 9、longing 10、intendFueled by the rising popularity of soft drinks and fast-food:1、efforts2、tough3、put up4、obese5、overweight6、concerned7、develop 8、increase 9、campaign 10、put the brakes onThe government gives money :1、routine2、competitive3、electrician 4、sophisticated 5、wages 6、Basically 7、candidates 8、global 9、optimistic 10、continuallyThe Alliance for Climate Education :1、undertakes2、ambitious3、initiative 4、capable 5、excessive6、performances7、estimated8、curiosity 9、motivate 10、possibility3阅读理解Human beings are :1)social 2)importance 3)Accordingly 4)honor 5)Since 6)on7)celebrating 8)including 9)as 10)traditional 11)exchange12)occasion 13)by 14)be noted 15)different 16)customs 17)what 18)behind 19)express 20)cherish Audrey:1)gained 2)out 3)popularity 4)was followed 5)for 6)success7)delightful 8)identify 9)leading 10)hesitation 11)Later 12)silver13)ambassador 14)helping15)retained 16)as 17)from 18)atotal of 19)quality 20)eleganceSimply increasing physical activity levels:1)unlikely 2)in 3)set 4)conducted5)to 6)at 7)Given 8)on 9)if 10)an11)participated 12)The other13)serving 14)measures 15)with16)greater 17)which 18)up19)wider 20)inIf you were to begin a new job tomorrow :1)failure 2)a 3)on 4)Of 5)who 6)sure7)in 8)of 9)at 10)Having 11)is12)on 13)weakness 14)take 15)as16)dealing 17)learning 18)to 19)to20)attitudeFor the past two years:1)counting 2)least 3)polite 4)on5)presented 6)made 7)fact8)about 9)as 10)dissatisfied11)discouraged 12)voices 13)drop14)shouldn”t 15)prohibit 16)Once17)remember 18)and 19)deserved20)howUnit 11.通过Money for the ceremony is in place through many warm-hearted people’s efforts.2.因为I’m willing to pour out my heart to you because you are reliable.3.Although Tom graduated from universitya month ago, he worked as well as a skilled worker .4.我们We explained to people how “sustainable development” is closely linked with our everyday life and hope that this concept can take root in our community.5.在战争The two brothers opened up about their feelings two years after the war broke out.Unit 21.由于Thanks to his efforts, the concert was more successful that we have expected.2.因为所有人Because all of us work hard, our company has pulled through one crisis after another.3.大多Most people love nature and longfor peace and freedom, which is not quite possible without sustainable development.4.博物馆Every picture in the museum reminds us of the cruelty of war.5.你最好You’d better go in person instead of sending somebody on your behalf.6.他预测He predicted that earthquakes would not break out in the next few yearsin this area.Unit 31.美国Americans tend to spend more thanthey have.2.他解释He explained that he had not done it on purpose.3.我不想I don’t want to put a burden on you.4.要到The only access to the farmhouse is across the field.5.他们They made all the efforts to stave off bankruptcy of the company.Unit 41.我一定I would agree with him up to a point but by no means completely.2.有二十Twenty athletes competed for the long jump gold medal.3.我们必须We must prepare ourselves for the worst.at he is innocent.4.很多Many new cities grow up in the desert.5.我有There is every reason for me to believe that h is innocent.6.总有One day he will realize that it pays to be honest.Unit 51.在团体In team competition, a team shall consist of at least 4 but no more than 8 members.2.你会You’ll find this book of great value to you.3.关于There is no doubt as to his honesty.4.他自He thinks himself to be quite clever,on the contrary, I assure him that he is very foolish.5.作为As your teacher, I have to say that your progress will urge us to work hard.6.我们铺上We put a cover over this table to keep it free from dirt.。

牛津词典缩印版和标准

牛津词典缩印版和标准牛津词典作为世界上最权威的英语词典之一，一直以其丰富的词汇量、准确的释义和权威的语言规范而著称。

而在市面上，我们常见到的牛津词典有标准版和缩印版两种版本。

它们各自有着不同的特点和用途，下面我们将对这两种版本进行比较和介绍。

首先，我们来看看牛津词典的标准版。

标准版的牛津词典通常是大而厚重的，它们包含了丰富的词汇量和详尽的释义，适合于英语学习者、专业人士以及对语言有较高要求的人士使用。

标准版的牛津词典在解释词义、引用例句、语法解释等方面都非常全面，可以满足用户对词汇和语言知识的全面需求。

此外，标准版的牛津词典还会不定期进行更新和修订，以确保其中的内容与时俱进，符合当代英语的使用规范。

而与标准版相对应的，就是牛津词典的缩印版了。

缩印版的牛津词典相比标准版来说，体积更小、重量更轻，更加便于携带和使用。

虽然在词汇量和释义方面可能没有标准版那么详尽，但缩印版的牛津词典仍然包含了大部分常用词汇和基本释义，可以满足大部分日常使用的需求。

对于一般用户来说，缩印版的牛津词典已经足够使用，而且价格相对标准版也更加亲民。

因此，对于一般人士来说，选择缩印版的牛津词典也是一个不错的选择。

在选择牛津词典的时候，我们需要根据自己的实际需求来进行选择。

如果是英语专业学生、研究人员或者从事相关工作的人士，标准版的牛津词典无疑是最好的选择，因为它们包含了更加丰富和专业的内容，能够满足他们对语言知识的深入需求。

而对于一般用户来说，缩印版的牛津词典已经足够使用，不仅可以满足日常的查阅需求，而且价格更加亲民，更加适合普通用户购买和使用。

总的来说，牛津词典无论是标准版还是缩印版，都是非常值得推荐的英语学习工具。

无论你是英语学习者、专业人士还是一般用户，都可以根据自己的实际需求来选择适合自己的版本，以便更好地学习和使用英语。

希望本文对你选择牛津词典有所帮助。

高级英语2斜体词缩印

holdout: a place that resists sthlive: transmitted during the actual performance charged: intenseput-down: a crushing retortmeasure up: prove to be competentjingle: a verse that jingles arrangement of words with similar soundsexpense-account: an arrangement whereby certain expenses of an employee in connection with his work are paid for by his employerillustration: a picture sed to decorate or explain sth. commercial: a paid advertisementdistancing: indifferenthigh-rise: a high buildingmean: poor and dirtyreservoir: a supply, esp. an extra or reserve supply fellow-feeling: a feeling of sympathy and friendship towards someone who is like youdraw on: obtain sth from a reserve, store, etc.shop steward: a person chosen by his fellow trade unionists in factory or other business to speak for them and to watch over their interestsboard: board of directorsshop floor: ordinary workersout of scale: out of proportionkeep clear of: refrain fromoverdraft: the amount withdrawn in excess catch: a tricky conditionracket: a dishonest schemewalk-out: a strikevan: the foremost positioncount: aspect/respectshop-lifting: stealing things from shopsbowler hat: a hard round black hat that businessmen sometimes wearreconcile: induce to accept sth disagreeable relief: sharp contrastcripple: frustrate/ hinderletters: the profession of a writermyth: an idea or story that many people believe, but it is not truemobile: of a society in which one may advance in social status and in which social groups mingle freelybe born in on sb: make sb. realizeterrace: an unroofed paved area, immediately adjacent to a housestation: social positionsymptom: signarm: any combatant branch of the military forces principal: majormotley: variousspecies: a kind ofencounter: meet face to face withmelancholy: sadsojourn: (a brief) visit or stayefface: wipe outfathom: get to the bottom ofsustenance: foodinexorable: inescapabledegrade: change into a simpler formlaw: a statement that describes and explains how sth in nature workspopulation: all the organisms living in a given area picture: describe sth. clearlylate: deceasedveer off: change directionfluctuation: a sudden changeinversely: oppositely相反的turnover: the continuous process of loss and replacement fabric: frameworksurface: become knowndeflection: turning asidedeplete: reducefluctuation: a sudden changeravage: destroyoscillation: a regular movement between two limits originate: start to develop/come from magnitude: greatnessperturbation: disturbanceexcrete: releasetoxic: poisonousconvert: turnsoluble: can be dissolve into liquid forms deposit: store/keepprevalent: commonly heldworks: the working parts or mechanism compatible with: in agreement withclose: similaragent: a chemical that makes other substances changescreen out: sift through 筛选出found wanting: proven to be not good enough for a particular purposeon pain of death: at the risk of bringing death upon oneselftome: a large heavy bookin this vein: in this way/in this particular style or waycamper: a person who vacations at a campsite pervasive: extensively existingbe detrimental: be harmfulmutation: a significant and basic change viability: ability to continue to liveare composed of: are made up ofthe foregoing: the things that have been mentioned synthesize: produce by combining different things togetherdisseminate: spreadenmesh: involved in a complicated wayincisive: direct and sharp。

段落缩写（缩印版）

段落缩写（缩印版）In turn, the lack.......Those without college degree cannot move up the social ladder as their father or forefathers did in the past. Restoring American mobility...... Restring American mobility is a question of making it happen rather than a question of knowing what to do.In a restaurant it is........In a restaurant being caught staring at people while they are taking their meals can be even more embarrassing than having crumbs in your beard."A photographically 'armed' society..People could become more polite if they become aware that their actions can be recorded by the omnipresent cameras in a societ y.There is not so much........ American people create beauty without their knowing, so they are very natural. The beauty of Europe is a kind of tradition of art.Among the more elderly..........The civil war changed the whole America, although some people of south didn't want admit that the slavery had already been abolished. They still missed the days when they were the owners of the slaves.The Americans are the best......... The young country challenges the tradition of the old continent. It brings the value of freedom and liberty to its people.That attaining such features......... To get features such as a straighter nose and larger breasts, patients often undergo procedures involving anesthesia, injections, incisions, and blood. And these procedures should be performed by specialists in cosmetic surgery. Yet the fact and the requirement are increasingly neglected by the public pursuing better looks through plastic surgery. This is the same location.........It is in the same hospital that Olivia Goldsmith, The First Wives Club author, died from a plastic surgery last month. She had often written articles of books to comment plastic surgeries positivel y of negatively. Her death made a great sensation nationwide.They're in excellent health,.......... They are in wonderful condition, tested by psychologists and analyzed by the best plastic surgeons in the country to guarantee that their makeover will be very successful in the end.Even at the risk of..........This sentence expresses the author's strong excitement about the first snow. It can be paraphrased as "You probably think I am a little fuss, but I have to admit that the first snow is so great that it makes very excited." The first of snow is not.........The snow changes the whole world on a magic wa y, which the author thinks different from any other scenery or weather. The very stealth, the eerie......... When we are asleep, the snow falls heavily but quietly. Then the word has been changed by the snowfall when we wake up.Order and stability have to be ……We are to preserve global order and stability and maintain the freedom to enquire, to experiment and to express oneself as well.They promised to “spare no effort” …They promised to try their best to make all peoples have the right to develop.Africans say that no matter how long a ..Cultural awareness is so deep-rooted in the minds of people that it is by no means easy to remove cultural prejudice.Her expertise in this field was unplanned…Her specialization in the study of plagiarism was by accident.That’s my default position ….It is my disadvantage to have no say in most things.In this study, plagiarism…. Plagiarism was not a central topic in this study.Academics often don't make it …. Professors often fail to explain unambiguously to the students how much they can cite or change other’s works.But a well-crafted essay that has had….It is most likely that a well-written essay is produced by plagiarizing even if it reads coherent and fluent. The trouble is that silence implicitly…The problem is that silence potentially helps to support or encourage the practice of plagiarism and make it legal.But Carroll's journey would…But Carroll experienced more difficulties on her way to success than a skilled cabdriver on a rough road.Her feet grew itchy on graduation…Upon graduation she became restless and wanted to go abroad.Starting your academic career….It is challenging and tough to lead a n academic life. There are no lessons to draw from Carroll for she started her academic career when she was even more than forty years old.。

常见英语缩略式(Contraction)

常见英语缩略式(Contraction)
缩略式(Contraction)和缩写(Abbreviation)是两个不同的概念。

Abbreviation是指单词或片语缩短后的形式，主要用于在书面语中替代完整形式，如用Mass. 替代Massachusetts（马萨诸塞州），用USA 替代United States of Ameirica（美利坚合众国）, 用RMB 替代Renminbi（人民币）等。

Contraction又称缩约词或收缩词，是指通过省略或结合一个较长短语中的某些音素而形成的词，如从of the clock 收缩而来的o'clock，从I am收缩而来的I’m 等，在书写时，需要用’(apostrophe)来代替省略掉的部分。

使用中必须要注意缩略式的使用场合，缩略式的最大问题是被用于不该用的地方。

一般来说，缩略式在小说体重是完全正常的，特别是在对话中，作者想要传达一种听上去像实际口头语言的信息。

然而，在正式的非小说体写作中，缩略式几乎是不被接受的。

也就是说，在更加正式的写作中，最好避免使用缩略式。

should没有缩写为’d的，were没有缩写为’re的，was没有缩写为’s的。

领队英语中英翻译缩印版

(一) 英译中1.Down to the far and of the lounge and you’ll see the counter for flightsto seoul.在大厅的尽头，你会找到去汉城的登机办理处。

2.Let’s see. It’s 11:50 now . So they will start in about an hour.我算算。

现在是11点50分，他们将在1个小时之后办理登机手续。

3.Can I have your tickets and passports, please?请出示你们的机票和护照。

4.Here are your tickets, passports and boarding passes. Your luggage claimtags are attached to the tickets cover.这是您的机票、护照和登机牌。

您的行李领取签贴在机票的封皮上。

5.Would you please put your watch, keys and other metal articles into thistray? Now,please walk through the gate and collect your bag and otherpersonal belongings at other side over there.请把你的手表、钥匙和其他金属物品放在这个盘子里。

现在请通过这扇门，在那边带好您的包和东西。

6.Let me see. The aircraft is quite full now. I can hardly give you 10 seatstogether. Do you want smoking seats?让我看看。

飞机现在已经非常满了，很难再把你们的10个座位安排在一起了。

你们需要吸烟座位吗？7.Take the escalator down to the next floor, get on the travelator to thedeparture area, and then you will easily find Gate 28. You may wait in thedeparture lounge for boarding as there is not much time left.坐电梯到下一层，上自动步道到候机室，你就很容易找到28号登机口。

英语作文缩印出来的

英语作文缩印出来的English Essay Printed in MiniatureThe art of writing has evolved significantly over the years with the advancement of technology and the changing demands of modern society. One particular aspect of this evolution is the trend of producing miniature versions of written works, often referred to as "English essay printed in miniature." This phenomenon has gained considerable attention in recent times, as it offers a unique and innovative approach to the presentation of written content.The concept of English essay printed in miniature involves the creation of highly condensed versions of longer essays or articles, typically through the use of specialized printing techniques and advanced typesetting methods. These miniature versions are designed to be compact, portable, and easily accessible, catering to the needs of individuals who seek to consume information in a more efficient and space-saving manner.One of the primary drivers behind the popularity of English essayprinted in miniature is the increasing demand for concise and easily digestible content in the digital age. With the proliferation of smartphones, tablets, and other mobile devices, readers have become accustomed to accessing information on the go, often in short bursts. The ability to convey the essence of a longer essay or article in a compact format appeals to this audience, as it allows them to engage with the content without the need for a significant time investment.Moreover, the miniature format of English essay printed in miniature also serves as a practical solution for individuals who are constantly on the move or have limited physical space. The compact size of these printed works makes them easy to carry around, whether in a pocket, a purse, or a small notebook, allowing readers to access and reference the content whenever they have a spare moment.The process of creating an English essay printed in miniature is a highly specialized and technical endeavor. It involves the use of advanced printing techniques, such as micro-printing or nanography, which enable the reproduction of text and images at an exceptionally small scale. These methods require precise control over the printing process, as well as a deep understanding of typography and layout design to ensure that the final product remains legible and visually appealing.In addition to the technical aspects, the creation of an English essay printed in miniature also requires a careful editorial process. The original essay or article must be meticulously condensed and refined, with the author or editor carefully selecting the most essential information and crafting a concise yet informative narrative. This process demands a keen eye for detail and a deep understanding of the subject matter, as the goal is to distill the core message of the original work without compromising its substance or quality.One of the most fascinating aspects of English essay printed in miniature is the way it challenges traditional perceptions of the written word. By presenting a familiar form of content in a radically reduced format, these miniature works invite readers to engage with the material in a new and innovative way. The act of reading a condensed version of an essay or article can spark a different cognitive process, as the reader must work to extract the key insights and ideas from a highly compact presentation.Furthermore, the aesthetic appeal of English essay printed in miniature cannot be overlooked. The intricate and delicate nature of these miniature works often results in visually striking and aesthetically pleasing final products. The precise placement of text and the careful use of typography can transform a simple essay into a work of art, captivating the reader's attention and sparking a sense of wonder and appreciation.Despite the many benefits and advantages of English essay printed in miniature, there are also some potential drawbacks and challenges to consider. One of the primary concerns is the issue of accessibility, as the small size of these printed works can make them difficult to read, particularly for individuals with visual impairments or limited dexterity. Additionally, the specialized printing techniques required to produce English essay printed in miniature can be costly, potentially limiting their availability and accessibility to a wider audience.Another potential challenge is the risk of oversimplification or the loss of nuance in the condensed versions of the original works. The process of distilling an essay or article into a miniature format may result in the omission of important details or the oversimplification of complex ideas, which could undermine the depth and richness of the original content.Despite these challenges, the continued evolution and refinement of English essay printed in miniature suggest that this format will likely continue to play a significant role in the future of written communication. As technology advances and the demand for concise and efficient information delivery grows, the appeal of these miniature works is likely to increase, leading to further innovation and experimentation in the field.In conclusion, English essay printed in miniature represents a fascinating and innovative approach to the presentation of written content. By leveraging specialized printing techniques and a careful editorial process, these miniature works offer a unique and compelling way for readers to engage with the written word. While there are certainly challenges and limitations to consider, the continued development and refinement of this format suggest that it will continue to be a significant and influential aspect of the evolving landscape of written communication.。

新概念大学英语3、4册答案(缩印版)

Unit 51.直到看见弥留之际躺在床上的母亲，他才意识到自己是多么的爱她 Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her.2.考虑到他最近的身体状况，我认为他这次考试成绩还不错 Taking into account of his recent physical condition, I think he has done quite well in the exam.3.克拉克夫人躺在床上一动不动，一时间我都纳闷她是否还活着Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wondered briefly if she is still alive.4.整栋楼一片黑暗，只有三楼的某个窗户透出一丝光The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-storey window.5.这些士兵接受了严格的训练，并且对完成这项新任务有充分的准备These soldiers have received very strict training and are well equipped to fulfill the new task.6.他伸手拿起电话，拨通了宾馆的号码He reached for the phone, picked it up, and dialed the hotel’s number.Unit 61.我们应该尽最大的努力预测地震，这样地震造成的财产破坏才会被尽可能的避免We should try our best to forecast earthquakes so that destruction of property caused by them could be prevented as much as possible.2.一个农民注意到有很多鱼在水面上游动，他说这预示着可能有地震发生 A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake.3.要讲英英词典放在手边，当你不能准确地理解单词时，你就能随时查阅Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot understand a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time.4.如有必要，生活在将要发生地震地区的人可以睡在帐篷里If necessary, people who live in the area where an earthquake is about to occur may sleep in tents.5.对一个想找工作的学生来说，有没有硕士学位的确有很大的影响 A master’s degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job.6.这本书除了告诉我们地震方面的知识外，还告诉我们如何做好预防工作In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes, the book tells us how to prepare for them.Unit 71.因此，以盖茨为首席执行官的微软还能走多远依然是个有趣的问题An interesting question therefore remains as to how far Microsoft can go with Gates as its CEO.2.抱怨是没有用的，因为抱怨并改变不了什么。

景观专业英语(缩印版)

景观landscape 园林建筑业〔术〕landscape architecture风景园林师landscape architect 建筑学architecture园艺业〔学〕landscape gardening 建筑师architect重大思想的设计师the architect of sth。

理论theory改革开放refore and opening—up policy 代表representatives思想mao Zedong’s thought 校园campus大一freshman 大二sophomore 大三junior 大四senior景观都市主义Landscape Urbanism景观根底设施〔Landscape as Infrastructure〕城镇景观〔town-scape 〕乡村景观(land-scape)无边界景观(limitless landscape) 生态城市〔Ecological City〕后现主义风景园Post Modernism Landscape Architecture 现主风景园Modern Landscape Architecture 景观生态landscape ecology城市景观系统The urban landscape system城市景观的人类主导性The city landscape human sexual城市景观的生态脆弱性The city landscape ecological vulnerability城市景观的破碎性The city landscape fragmentation城市景观构造成分The urban landscape structure position调整和优化城市用地空间构造Adjustment and optimization of urban spatial structure中国古典园林Classical Chinese garden中国传统园林Traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林Ancient Chinese garden中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑Imperial palace garden皇家园林Royal garden私家园林Private garden江南园林Garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林Western classical garden英国式园林English style garden中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林Italian style garden 西班牙式园林Spanish style garden法兰西式园林French style garden勒诺特尔式园林Le-Notre's style garden 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa洛可可式园林Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden庄园manor,villa garden廊柱园Peristyle garden,patio绿廊xystus迷阵maze,labyrinth灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden灵台Ling Tai PlatformGarden 阿房宫E-Pang Palace上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan未央宫Wei-Yang PalaceXX宫Luoyang Palace华清官Hua-Qing Palace艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan ImperialGarden颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer PalaceXX避暑Chengde Imperial Summer ResortXX园林Suzhou traditional garden悬园Hanging Garde英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden视野Visual field秋色Fall color,autumncolor园林空间Garden spac开敞空间Wide open space,wide space封闭空间Enclosure space意境artistic conception,poetic imagery苍古antiquity空灵spaciousness,airiness 动观in-motion viewing静观in-position viewing视错觉Visual illusion园林艺术布局Artistic layout of garden对称平衡Symmetrical balance 不对称平衡Asymmetrical balance左右对称Bilateral symmetry 辐射对称Radial symmetry透景线Perspective line 轴线axis,axial line主轴Main axis副轴Auxiliary axis暗轴Hidden axis,invisible axis树冠线skyline园林色彩艺术Art of garden colors单色谐调Monochromatic harmony复色谐调pound chromatic harmony比照色突出Contrast colors accent近似色谐调Approximate colors harmony暖色Warm color冷色Cool color色感Color sense传统园林traditional garden城市园林绿地系统urban gardens and greenbelts system景view,scenery,feature远景Distant view近景Nearby view障景Obstructive scenery,blocking view借景Borrowed scenery,view borrowing对景Opposite scenery,view in opposite place缩景Miniature scenery,abbreviated scenery漏景Leaking through scenery框景Enframed scenery尾景Terminal feature主景Main feature副景Secondary feature配景Objective view夹景Vista line,vista前景Front view背景background景序Order of sceneries景点Feature spot,view spot仰视景观Upward landscape俯视景观Downward landscape季相景观Seasonal phenomena气象景观Meteorological diversity scenery 景观根底设施〔Landscape as Infrastructure景观的城市〔City As Landscape)景观设计学(landscape architecture)最低设计minimum design减量(Reduce)十倍数俱乐部〞(The Factor Ten Club)[ 再生系统(Regenerative system再生设计理论(Regenerative Design)[ 再利用(Reuse)再生(Recycle)生态工程(ecological engineering) “土地恋〞(Topophilia)[“生物恋〞(Biophilia审美生态(aesthetic visual ecology生态显露设计(eco-revelatory design 主园路Main garden road垃圾箱Trash校前区front campus area教学区﹑school districts, , , ,旧建筑改造区old construction area日常运动区daily exercise area宿舍区the dorm生态共享区ecological Shared area,体育运动区sports area生态大学城ecological University city校门前广场school before square,主入口广场main entrance plaza教学区中心广场school districts in central plaza,景观平台platform landscape湖面the lake自然山体natural mountain座椅系统seat systems入口Entrance纪念性广场：Memorial Square市民性广场：The people of the Plaza 纪念性广场：Memorial Square带型广场：Strip-type square 中心型广场：Centered square 因地制宜：Local conditions 广场：Square尺度：Scale生态：Scale ecological: 软质景观：soft landscape硬质景观：hard landscape 造景：Landscaping地面铺装：Floor Covering台阶：Step绿化植物：green Plants主题标志物：Subject markers灯具：Lighting绿化的分类greening classification 行道树roadside trees景观树landscape tree景观小品：landscape pieces(垂直绿化Vertical Greening A--水生植物园aquatic plants娱乐公园amusement park植物公园ahead plants park高山植物园alpine garden附属绿地attached green space中国古代园林ancient chinese garden 意境artistic conception不对称平衡asymmetrical balance 轴线axis/axial line道路系统approach system办公区administration area文化遗址ancient culture relic 竹园bamboo garden羽毛球场badminton court堤岸种植bank planting阳台绿化balcony greening 桥头绿化bridgehead green 沼泽园Bog and marsh植物园botanical garden巴洛克式园林baroque style garden借景borrowed scenery缓冲绿地buffer green space 儿童泳池children's pool中心广场center plaza攀援绿化climber greening 松柏园conifer garden城市公园city park综合公园prehensive park文化公园culture park文化休憩公园cultural and recreationpark 中国古典园林classical chinesegarden 冷色cool color色感color sense野营区camp site旱景dry landscape 旱喷dry fountain旱溪dry stream车行道绿化driveway greening分车带绿化dividing stripe greening远景distant view俯视景观downlward landscape 落叶绿篱downlward hedge(1)商业中心入口entrance to shopping ctr(2)健身广场exercise plaza(3)每栋建筑入口entrance paving to unit(4)特色入口entry feature(5)环境园艺学environmental horticulture(6)框景enframed scenery(7)封闭空间enclosure space(8)娱乐演出区entertaining performance place(1)特色踏步feature stepping stone(2)工厂绿化factory garden-ing(3)芳香花园fragrant garden(4)法兰西式园林French style garden(5)前景front view(6)景点feature spot(7)钓鱼区fishing center(8)规整式道路系统formal road system (1)江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta(2)园林空间garden space(3)绿地系统green space system(4)绿地资源green space resource(5)绿地效果green space effect(6)块状绿地green plot(7)点状绿地green spot(8)园林总体规划garden masterplanning(1)悬园Hanging Garden(2)暗轴hidden axis(3)历史古迹区historical relicsarea(4)宅园home garden(5)屋基石foundation stone(6)喷泉fountain(7)喷水池fountain pool(8)前庭front yardimage plan 形象规划implemeutary 实施规划indoor garden 室内花园in-motion viewing 动观in-position viewing 静观imperial palace garden 帝王宫苑Italian style garden 意大利式园林garden architeceure 园林建筑学garden engineering 园林工程garden and park 园林garden style 园林形式garden block planning 园林分区规划garden making 造园学geometric garden style 几何式园林green area 绿地面积garden art 园林艺术green space system 绿地系统green space layont 绿地布局Kitchen yard 厨园key stone 拱顶庄Karst lanscape 卡斯特地貌landscape ecology 园林生态landscape design 风景设计landscape garden city 园林城市landscape plan 风景规划landscape plant 园林植物lakeside plan 湖滨公园leaking through scenery 漏景lake view 湖泊景观1.main entrance gate 主入口大门2. mini amphi-theatre 小型露天剧场3. meditating plaza 交通广场4. main plaza 广场5. miniature landscape 盆景6. mass planting movement 群众绿化7. memorial park 纪念公园8. martyr memorial park 烈士纪念公园1. natural park 天然公园2. national park 国家公园3. neighborhood park 邻里公园4. nursery 苗圃5. natural landscape 自然景观6. necessary living space 必要生活空间7. no-admittance area 非游览区8. noiseproof green space 防范绿地1. out door café露天咖啡廊2. outdoor shower 户外淋浴3. ornamental horticulture 欣赏植物学4. ornamental plant 欣赏植物5. obstructive scenery 障景6. opposite scenery 对景7. objective view 配景8. order of sceneries 景序1. parking area 停车场2. pavilion 凉亭3. promenade 人行漫步道4. perennial garden 宿根园5. petty street garden 小游园6. paved garden 铺地园7.public green space 公共绿地8. private garden 私家园林Rocksculpture 石景雕塑Rock garden 石景园Rock plaza 石景广场Ratio of green coverage 绿地率Railway greening Railway planting 铁路绿化Roof greening 屋顶绿化Rose garden 蔷薇园Rock garden 假山园Rustic garden 乡趣园Roadside park street park 路边公园SSlide 旱冰道Swimming pool 游泳池Sculpture trail 雕塑小道Stair 台阶Street greening Street planting 街道绿化Sidewalk greening 人行道绿化Suburban greening 郊区绿化Street crossing center garden 街心花园School garden 学校园Seaside park 海滨公园Sculpture park 雕塑公园Sanatorium park 疗养公园Special park 特种公园Timber brige 大桥Rivewild 野趣小溪Treebattleformation 趣味树阵Trellis 特色花架Tenniscourt 网球场Terracingseatwall 阶梯坐台Tenislestucture 拉膜构造Tropicalplantsgarden 热带植物园Unity and variety 统一和变化Uoid空隙Urbanization 城市化Ubiquitous 普遍存在Uncoordinated 不协调的Undulate 波动、起伏Urban fabric 城市肌理Underplanting 下树栽植Understory 树下叶层1．凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park2．景view,scenery,feature3．夹景又称“风景线〞vista line,vista4．视野Visual field 5．视错觉Visual illusion6．园林绿化比率ratio of space allotted to park and greenery)z7．野趣小溪river wild8．石景雕塑rock sculpture w—1．迎宾景观weing feature 2．嬉水池wading pool3．蜿蜒水墙winding wall4．窗台绿化window-sill greening 5．瀑布风景区waterfall sceni 6．漫步广场walkway plaza7．水景园water garden8．西方古典园林western classical garden 9．原始环境系统wilderness environment system 10．开敞空间wide open space,wide space 11．紫藤wisteria12．垂柳willowx---1．绿廊xystusY1．圆明园Yuan-Ming YuanImperial Garden2．颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 3．青少年活动区youngsters activities area 4．丝兰yuccaz---Z1．动物园zoo一)良好的交通体系good traffic system(二)完整的空间环境意象plete space environment imagery(三)丰富的空间形式) rich space form(四)独特的景观构成unique position传统与现代的融合Traditional and modern fusion自然与生命力的表达Natural and vitality expression文脉的延续Continuation of the Context设计理念design concept设计构思design idea建筑平面与空间设计architectural plane and space design立面与造型设计elevation and modelling design用地红线图the red line graph国家现行的相关标准、规定country active relevant specifications and rules 休息设施rest facilities卫生设施sanitation facilities公用设施public facilities绿化设施Green Facilities环境的保护设施environment-protect facilities人与自然的和谐统一harmony between human and nature生态规划的内涵〔Ecological planning implies〕生态规划的目的〔Ecological planning purposes〕生态规划的原那么〔Ecological planning principles〕生态规划的模式与分类〔Planning and type of the ecological)生态规划步骤与内容(Ecological planning process and content)生态适宜分析方法及案例分析(Analysis and case studies〕整体性原那么Holistic approach principle趋适开拓原那么Bee the market principles协调共生原那么Our principle of coordinated区域分异原那么In the principle of regional高效和谐原那么Harmonious principle of efficient可持续开展原那么Sustainable development principles景观规划模式Landscape pattern景观生态学模式Ecological landscape pattern环境影响评价模式Environmental impact assessment model生态系统管理模式Ecosystem management乡村规划模式Rural planning model系统分析与模拟模式Systems analysis and simulation model保护人类XX，提供人类居住的良好环境To protect human health, human's good environment对土地资源、水资源等自然资源的合理利用Areas of land, water and natural resources rationally using保护自然生态系统的样性及完整性Natural ecosystems and biodiversity integrity保护人类XX，提供人类居住的良好环境To protect human health, human's good environment对土地资源、水资源等自然资源的合理利用Areas of land, water and natural resources rationally using 保护自然生态系统的多样性及完整性Natural ecosystems and biodiversity integrity充分了解自然环境、自然资源的性能Fully understand the natural environment and natural resources of the performance追求系统的总体关系的协调Pursuit of the system of overall coordination。

领队英语中英翻译缩印版

领队英语中英翻译缩印版(一) 英译中evening. 1.Down to the far and of the lounge and you’ll see the counter for flights 通常一天就可以洗好。

如果你早上拿出来洗的话，或许晚上就可以拿回来。

to seoul. 31.I think the price is printed on the bag. If you want express service, 在大厅的尽头，你会找到去汉城的登机办理处。

you’ll pay more. 2.Let’s see. It’s 11:50 now . So they will start in about an hour. 我记得洗衣袋上标有价格。

如果你需要加急的话，就要贵一些。

我算算。

现在是11点50分，他们将在1个小时之后办理登机手续。

32.We charge fifty percent more for express service, but it takes only five 3.Can I have your tickets and passports, please? hours. 请出示你们的机票和护照。

加急洗我们多收50%费用，但只用5小时。

4.Here are your tickets, passports and boarding passes. Your luggage claim 33.I’ve checked your laundry and it will be ready by 5 o’clock this tags are attached to the tickets cover. afternoon. Will that be all right foryou ? 这是您的机票、护照和登机牌。

您的行李领取签贴在机票的封皮上。

你的衣服今天下午5点钟洗好，可以吗, 5.Would you please put your watch, keys and other metal articles into this 34.All right. Room 683. Were there any room service charges this morning? tray? Now,please walk through the gate and collect your bag and other 好的。

张汉熙高级英语答案缩印版

1)A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2)At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3)I really don't know what it is that has made him so angry.4)The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs.5)Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see.6)They decided to buy that house with a garage attached.9)To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning from the advanced science and technology of other countries.10)As dusk fell, daylight faded away.11)The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit.12)Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner.1)There is not a soul in the hall. The meeting must have been put off． 2)The book looks very much like a box. (The book looks much the same as a box. )3)Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.4)The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.5)He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.6)What he did had nothing to do with her.7)She couldn't fall asleep as her daughter's illness was very much on her mind.8)I have had the matter on my mind for a long time.9)He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchange opinions with them on various subjects.10)It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in.11)The soil smells of fresh grass.12)Could you spare me a few minutes?13)Could you spare me a ticket?14)That elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade

专业英语词组(缩印用)

专业英语词组UNIT 1 UNIT 2内力：internal force 受轴向载荷的：axially-loaded外力：external force 应变：strain平衡：equilibrium 等截面的：prismatic必要条件：necessary condition 合力：resultant充分条件：sufficient condition 伸长量：elongation静定的：statically determinate 形心：centroid超静定的：statically indeterminate 无量纲的：nondimensional quantity变形体：deformable body横截面：cross sectionUNIT 3 UNIT 4矢量：vector 薄膜应力：membrane stress下标：subscript 回转壳体：shells of revolution应力分布：stress distribution 经向应力：meridional stress正号：positive 周向应力：tangential stress分力：component 曲率半径：radius of curvature正应力：nomal stress剪应力：shear stressUNIT 5 UNIT 8机械振动：mechanical vibrations 整理工艺：finishing processes附加应力：excessive stress 工作温度：working temperature 平衡位置：a position of equilibrium 成品：finished product悬臂梁：cantilever beam 平移运动：translational motion 振幅：amplitude 热轧：hot rolling周期：period 陶瓷材料：ceramic material频率：frequency 热处理：heat treatment位移：displacement 烧结工艺：sintering强迫振动：forced vibration 水压机：water press固有频率：natural frequency 生产率：production rate无阻尼振动：undamaged单自由度：one degree of freedomUNIT 10 UNIT 11效率：efficiency 热力学：thermodynamics污染：contamination(n.) pollute(v.) 动力学：kinetics人力资源：human resource 连续介质：continuum无经验的：inexperienced 人工智能：artificial intelligence 近似：approach(n.) similar(a.) roughness(ad.) 专家系统：expert system估计：estimate 自动化：automation挑战：challenge环境：environmentUNIT 13 UNIT 14热传导：conduction 溶解：dissolve热对流：convection 溶液：solution辐射：radiation 溶质：solute焓：enthalpy 不互溶的：immiscrible强制对流：forced convection 沉淀：sedimentation湍流动：currents in fluids 挥发性的：volatile自然流动：natural convection 膜分离：membrane separation 层流：laminar flow 传热：heat transfer浮力：buoyancy 蒸发：evaporation电磁波：electromagnetic wave 萃取：extraction结晶：crystallize专业英语单词（U1-U14）UNIT 11.couple：n. 力偶，点偶2.exert：v. 施加（压力），用（力）3.fundamental：a. 基本的，基础的，主要的4.negligible：a. 可以忽略的，微不足道的5.moment：n. 力矩，弯矩，转矩6.equilibrium：n. 平衡（状态，性）7.cancel out：相约，取消8.preceding：a. 以前的，上述的9.pulley：n. 滑轮，皮带轮10.relegate：vt. 归类，委托ponent：n. 分力，分量，构件，成分12.scalar：n. ; a. 纯量（的），标量（的）13.statically determinate：静定的14.statically indeterminate：静不定的，超静定的UNIT 21.stress：n. 应力，受力（状态，作用）2.strain：n. 应变；v. 使变形3.deformable：a. 可[易]变形的4.shaft：n. （传动，旋转）轴；柱身5.derivation：n. 推导，导出，推理6.axially-loaded：a. 受轴向载荷的7.blend：n. 混合（物）；v. 混合，掺和8.tension：n. 拉伸，张力，拉力9.shear：n. 剪切，剪力；v. 剪切，剪断10.prismatic：a. 等截面的11.at right angles to :与……垂直，与……成直角12.analogous：a. 类[相]似的，模拟的13.hydrostatic：a. 静水（力）学的，流体静力学的14.submerge：v. 浸没，沉没，淹没15.denote：v. 表示，指示16.resultant：n. 合力；a. 合成的，总的17.centroid：n. 矩心，质心，重心，形心18.elongation：n. 拉张，伸长，延伸率19.adjacent：a. 相邻的，临近的20.free-body：自由体，隔离体UNIT 31.truss：n. 桁架，构架（工程）2.unknowingly：ad. 无意中，不知不觉地3.lowercase：n. ; a. 小写（的，字）4.visualize：v. 想象，设想，目测5.patently：ad. 明白地6.perpendicular：a. （与……）垂直的（to），直立的7.vector：n. 矢量，向量8.squash：v. 压缩，压碎9.tangential：a. 切线（面）的，切向的10.subscript：n. 下标，角注，脚码11.say：v. 假定，比方说；n. 说法12.2-in-square=2 inches squared：2平方英寸13.psi=pounds per square inch：磅/平方英寸14.nonetheless=nevertheless：ad. ; conj. 尽管如此，然而15.abbreviate：v. 缩写，简写，省略16.SI=System International unit：国际单位制UNIT 41.membrane：n. 薄膜，隔膜，隔板2.revolution：n. 回转，旋转（运动）3.cylindrical：a. 圆柱（体形）的，（圆）筒形的4.conical：a. 圆锥形的，圆锥体的5.hemispherical：a. 半球（形，状）的6.ellipsoidal：a. 椭圆形的，椭球的7.torispherical：a. 准球形的8.induce：v. 引起，导致，诱发9.symmetric：a. 对称的，匀称的，平均的10.curvature：n. 弯曲，曲率11.resist：v. 抵抗，耐（得住）12.equate：v. 立方程式，使……等于13.meridional：a. 子午线圈的，经向的14.substitution：n. 代入UNIT 51.oscillatory：a.振荡的，摆动的2.confront：v. 面临，面对（be confronted with）3.wear：v. ; n.磨损，损耗，耐磨（性）4.fatigue：n. ; v.（使）疲劳；fatigue failure 疲劳破坏（失效）5.acute：a. 敏锐的，尖锐的6.impair：vt. ; n. 损害（伤），减少（弱）7.symmetrical：a. 对称的，匀称的8.propeller：n. 螺旋桨，推进器pact：v. 压实，夯实；a. 压紧的10.chaff：n. 谷壳，废物，渣滓11.thresh：v. 猛烈摆动，颠簸12.glider：n. 滑翔机13.panel：n. 底板，座，仪表板14.helical：n. ; a. 螺旋（线，面，形）（的）15.springboard：n. 跳板，出发点16.pendulum：n. 摆（锤），振动体17.bob：n. 振子球，秤锤18.displacement：n. 位移，平移，移动（度）19.customary：n. 通常的，（合乎）习惯的20.reciprocal：a. 相互的，倒数的；n. 倒数，互逆21.amplitude：n. 振幅，摆幅，幅度22.angular：a. 角（形，状）的，成角度的23.dissipative：a. 损耗的，消耗（性）的24.damp：v. 阻尼，减振，弄湿25.viscous：a. 粘性的，粘滞的26.constrain：vt. 约束，束缚，强制27.coordinate：n. 坐标（系）；a. 坐标的，同位的28.specify：vt. 指定，确定，详细说明UNIT 61.alloy：n. 合金；v. 使成合金2.crystal：n. 结晶，晶体；crystalline a. 结晶的，透明的ttice：n.晶格，点阵；v. 做成网格状4.aggregate：v. 集合；n. 集合体；a. 集合的5.valence：n. 化合价，原子价6.electrostatic：a. 静电的7.conductor：n. 导体；乐队指挥，领队，列车员8.wrought：a. 精制的，可锻的；wrought iron 可锻铸铁9.cast：v. 浇铸；n. 铸件；cast iron 铸铁10.ferrous：a. 含铁的；ferrous metals 黑色金属，铁合金11.nonferrous：a. 不含铁的；nonferrous metals 有色金属12.intake：v. 吸入；n. 入口；air-intake 空气入口13.manifold：n. 集气管；a. 多样的；ad. 许多倍14.aluminum：n. 铝15.magnesium：n. 镁16.beryllium：n. 铍17.brass：n. 黄铜18.bronze：n. 青铜；v. 变成古铜色19.tin：n. 锡20.zinc：n. 锌21.lead：n. 铅；v. 包[填，衬，镀]铅22.antimony：n. 锑23.tungsten：n. 钨24.molybdenum：n. 钼25.chromium：n. 铬26.refractory：a. 难溶的，耐火的UNIT 71.elusive：a. 难以理解的，难以捉摸的2.ductility：n. 韧性，延展性；ductile a. 韧性的3.fracture：v.; n. 破裂，断裂4.brittle：a. 脆性的；brittleness n. 脆性，脆度，脆弱5.interplay：n.; v. 相互作用，相互影响，相互关系6.manufacture：v.; n. 加工，制造（业），（大量）生产7.strength of materials：材料力学8.rheology：n. 流变学；rheologic a. 流变学的9.outset：n. 开头，开始，开端，最初10.relevant：a. 有关的，相关的，相应的ponent：n. 分量，组（部）件，组分，成分12.scope：n. 范围，眼界，工作域，显示器13.realm：n. 领域，范围；王国，领土14.concept：n. 概念，（基本）观念，（基本）原理15.harden：v. 变硬，使硬化；hardening n. 硬化，增硬UNIT 81.classification：n. 分类，分等，分级，类别，级别2.conserve：v. 保存，保藏，节省；守恒3.melt：v.; n. 熔化，熔融，融解，软化4.evaporation：n. 蒸发（作用，过程），汽化5.forging：n.; a. 锻造，锻造法，锻件6.characterize：v. 表征，表示……的特征，描写，赋予……特性7.rolling：n.; a. 滚压，碾压，轧制；侧滚，起伏8.casting：n. 铸造，铸造法，浇铸，铸件9.turning：n.; a. 旋转，转向，车削，车工工艺10.welding：n.; a. 焊接（的），熔接（的）11.fusion：n. （核）聚变，熔合，融合12.adhesion：n. 粘附（力），胶粘作用13.periphery：n. 周边，边缘；范围，圆周14.tolerance：n. 容（许极）限，公差，容差，耐受度15.flash：n. 毛边，毛刺，闪光；v. 去毛刺，闪光16.sinter：n.; v. 烧结，热压结，粉末冶金paction：n. 压实，压缩，压制成型18.oxidation：n. 氧化，氧化作用19.die：n. 模具，板牙；v. 模压成形20.hydraulic：a. 液压的，水力的UNIT 91.prominence：n. 杰出，卓越，显著，重要2.fabricability：n. 制造能力3.granular：a. 粒状的，颗粒的；grain n. 颗粒，晶粒4.microscope：n. 显微镜5.magnification：n. 放大，放大率；magnify v. 放大6.fracture：n. 断裂，断口7.grind：v.; n. 研磨，抛光8.polish：v.; n. 研磨，抛光，精加工9.abrasive：n. 磨料，研磨；a. 磨料的，磨损的10.etch：v.; n. 浸蚀，蚀刻，酸洗11.photomicrograph：n.; v. 显微照相12.metallograph：n. 金相照片；mmetallography n. 金相学13.abbreviate：v. 缩写，简略，将……缩短14.allotropy：n. 同素异构，同素异晶；allotrope 同素异构体mpblack：n. 炭黑16.graphite：n. 石墨17.transformation：n. 变换，转变，改造，换算UNIT 101.corrosion：n. 腐蚀；corrode v. 腐蚀；corrdent n. 腐蚀剂mission：n. 委任，委托；v. 委任，起动3.muffler：n. 消音器4.condenser：n. 冷凝器，聚光镜5.scrape：v. 刮落，削去，擦去6.inhibitor：n. 缓蚀剂，抑制剂；inhibit v. 防止，抑制7.sewage：n. 污水，下水道系统8.rot：v.; n. 腐烂，枯朽9.mechanism：n. 机理，机械作用，机构，机构学10.maintenance：n. 维护，维修，保养11.survey：n.; v. 调查，测绘，勘测，综述12.shutdown：n. 停工，停止运转，关闭13.contamination：n. 污染，污物，杂质14.depletion：n. 消耗，耗尽，减损，贫化，降低15.ingenuity：n. 创造性，独创性，精巧，巧妙16.trainee：n. 学员，受训练人员UNIT 111.facility：n. 设备，装备，装置2.presentation：n. 表示，展示，代表3.encompass：v. 包括，包含4.bulk：n. 大多数，大体积，大量5.thermodynamics：n. 热力学6.predominantly：ad. 主要地，突出地，流行地7.inetics：n. 动力学8.accessory：n. 辅助装备[装置]，附件9.inconceivable：a. 不可想象的，不可思议的10.descriptive：a. 描述性的，说明的11.cybernetics：n. 控制论12.encyclopedia：n. 百科全书，（某科）大全13.forge：vt. 锻造，打造；forge ahead 向前迈进，迎头赶上14.generalization：n. 通则，归纳15.subject-matter：n. 主题，要点16.mesoscale：n. 中间尺度（刻度，标度）17.microscope：n. 微观尺度（刻度，标度）18.macroscale：n. 宏观尺度（刻度，标度）19.dynamics：n. （动）力学，动态（特性）20.continuum：n. 连续介质；连续（统一体）21.insight：n. 见识，理解22.synthesis：n. 合成，综合23.optimization：n. 最优化，优选法24.integrate：vt. 使结合，使并入，使一体化bustion：n. 燃烧，氧化posite：a. 合成的，复合的27.rigorously：ad. 严格地，严厉地28.conceive：v. 想出，想象UNIT 121.systematic：a. （有）系统的，（成）体系的2.momentum：n. 动量，冲量3.diffusion：n. 扩散，分散，传播4.heat exhanger：n. 热交换器preessor：n. 压缩机，压气机6.reactor：n. 反应器，反应物7.coefficient：n. 系数8.parameter：n. 参数，参量，特征值9.dimensionless：a. 无量纲的，无尺寸（单位）的，无因次的10.tubular：a. 管（状，形）的，（圆）筒形的11.similarity：n. 相似性，类似12.analogy：n. 类似，相似（性）13.whereby：ad. 由此，从而，靠……14.nomenclature：n. 术语（表），专门用语15.differential：a. 微分的，差别的16.humidifier：n. 增湿器，加湿器17.fractionater：n. 分馏器，分馏塔18.pollutant：n. 污染物，散布污染物者；a. 污染的19.empirical：a. （根据）经验的，实验（上）的20.homogeneous：a. 同类的，均匀的，均相的21.concentration：n. 浓度，浓缩，聚集22.obsolete：a. 已废弃的，过时的，陈旧的23.reactant：n. 组分，成分，反应物UNIT 131.conduction：n. 传导，导热（性，率，系数）2.conductivity：n. 传导率，导热系数3.diffuse：v. 扩散，散布4.convection：n. 热对流，迁移5.enthalpy：n. 焓，（单位质量的）热含量6.fulx：n. 通量7.transparent：a. 某种辐射可以透过的，透明的8.mechanism：n. 机理，作用原理，机械（作用）9.gradient：n. 梯度，斜面10.unbound：a. 自由的，无约束的11.electromagnetic：a. 电磁的12.opaque：a. 不传导的，不透明的13.lump：v. 概括（together），总结14.eddy：n. 漩涡；a. 涡流的，涡动的15.radiator：n. 辐射体，散热器16.buoyancy：n. 浮力，浮性；a. 浮性的17.agitator：n. 搅拌器，搅拌装置18.simultaneously：ad. 同时地；同时发生地19.divert：vt. 使转向，转移20.fuse：v. 熔融，熔化21.quartz：n. 石英，水晶22.unlagged：a. 未保温的，未隔热的23.Btu=British thermal unit：英热量单位24.cross section：n. （横）截面，剖面，断面25.definiteness：n. 明确，确定，肯定26.adiabatically：ad. 绝热地27.correspondence：n. 对应，一致，相当28.random：a. 无秩序的，任意的29.quantitative：a. 定量的，（数）量的30.polish：v. 磨[抛]光，研磨31.monatomic：a. 单原子的，单质的31.diatomic：a. 双原子的，二元的33.mutually：ad. 相互，交互UNIT 141.sequence：n. 序列，连续，顺序，结果2.versatility：n. 通用性，多面性，多功能性3.originate：v. 起源于，由……引起4.coordinate：v. 使协调，使同等；n. 坐标（系）5.pulverize：v. 磨碎，粉碎6.roast：v.; n. 焙烧，煅烧，烘烤7.lixiviate：v. 浸出，析出，滤出8.precipitate：v.使沉淀，析出；n. 沉淀物9.crystallize：v. 结晶，晶化10.eletrolyze：vt. （使）电解，（使）电离11.impose：v. 发生影响，将……强加于12.quote：v. 引用，引证13.designate：v. 指明，指定，表示，选派14.humidification：n. 增湿作用，湿润15.sedimentation：n. 沉积，沉淀16.agitation：n. 搅拌（作用），搅匀，搅动17.centrifugation：n. 离心作用，分离作用，分离18.terminology：n. 专门名词，术语，词汇19.volatile：a. 挥发性的，易挥发的20.solute：n. 溶质，溶解物21.solvent：n. 溶剂，基本组分22.extraction：n. 萃取，提炼，取出23.leaching：n. 浸取，浸提24.in commom：共同，公用25.semipermeable：a. 半渗透的26.immiscible：a. 不混溶的，不互溶的27.settling：n. 沉降，沉淀Translation 1UNIT 11.In this section, we shall consider the conditions that the forces and couples acting upon a body must satisfy in orderfor it to be in equilibrium.在这一部分，我们将研究为了使一个物体保持平衡，作用在其上的力和力偶所必须满足的条件。