托福TPO18口语Task5听力文本+题目+满分范文

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托福阅读TPO18（试题+答案+...

托福阅读TPO18(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:IndustrializationintheNetherlandsandS为了帮助大家备考托福阅读，提高成绩，下面小编给大家带来托福阅读TPO18(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:Industrialization in the Netherlands and Scandinavia，希望大家喜欢!托福阅读TPO18原文第1篇While some European countries, such as England and Germany, began to industrialize in the eighteenth century, the Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden developed later. All four of these countries lagged considerably behind in the early nineteenth century. However, they industrialized rapidly in the second half of the century, especially in the last two or three decades. In view of their later start and their lack of coal—undoubtedly the main reason they were not among the early industrializers—it is important to understand the sources of their success.All had small populations. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Denmark and Norway had fewer than 1 million people, while Sweden and the Netherlands had fewer than 2.5 million inhabitants. All exhibited moderate growth rates in the course of the century (Denmark the highest and Sweden the lowest), but all more than doubled in population by 1900. Density varied greatly. The Netherlands had one of the highest population densities in Europe, whereas Norway and Sweden had the lowest Denmark was in between but closer to the Netherlands.Considering human capital as a characteristic of the population, however, all four countries were advantaged by the large percentages of their populations who could read and write. In both 1850 and 1914, the Scandinavian countries had thehighest literacy rates in Europe, or in the world, and the Netherlands was well above the European average. This fact was of enormous value in helping the national economies find their niches in the evolving currents of the international economy.Location was an important factor for all four countries. All had immediate access to the sea, and this had important implications for a significant international resource, fish, as well as for cheap transport, merchant marines, and the shipbuilding industry. Each took advantage of these opportunities in its own way. The people of the Netherlands, with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping, had difficulty in developing good harbors suitable for steamships: eventually they did so at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, with exceptional results for transit trade with Germany and central Europe and for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials (sugar, tobacco, chocolate, grain, and eventually oil). Denmark also had an admirable commercial history, particularly with respect to traffic through the Sound (the strait separating Denmark and Sweden). In 1857, in return for a payment of 63 million kronor from other commercial nations, Denmark abolished the Sound toll dues the fees it had collected since 1497 for the use of the Sound. This, along with other policy shifts toward free trade, resulted in a significant increase in traffic through the Sound and in the port of Copenhagen.The political institutions of the four countries posed no significant barriers to industrialization or economic growth. The nineteenth century passed relatively peacefully for these countries, with progressive democratization taking place in all of them. They were reasonably well governed, without notable corruption or grandiose state projects, although in all of themthe government gave some aid to railways, and in Sweden the state built the main lines. As small countries dependent on foreign markets, they followed a liberal trade policy in the main, though a protectionist movement developed in Sweden. In Denmark and Sweden agricultural reforms took place gradually from the late eighteenth century through the first half of the nineteenth, resulting in a new class of peasant landowners with a definite market orientation.The key factor in the success of these countries (along with high literacy, which contributed to it) was their ability to adapt to the international division of labor determined by the early industrializers and to stake out areas of specialization in international markets for which they were especially well suited. This meant a great dependence on international commerce, which had notorious fluctuations; but it also meant high returns to those factors of production that were fortunate enough to be well placed in times of prosperity. In Sweden exports accounted for 18 percent of the national income in 1870, and in 1913, 22 percent of a much larger national income. In the early twentieth century, Denmark exported 63 percent of its agricultural production: butter, pork products, and eggs. It exported 80 percent of its butter, almost all to Great Britain, where it accounted for 40 percent of British butter imports.托福阅读TPO18试题第1篇1.Paragraph 1 supports which of the following ideas about England and Germany?A.They were completely industrialized by the start of the nineteenth century.B.They possessed plentiful supplies of coal.C.They were overtaken economically by the Netherlands andScandinavia during the early nineteenth century.D.They succeeded for the same reasons that the Netherlands and Scandinavia did.2.Paragraph 2 suggests which of the following about the importance of population density in the industrialization of the Netherlands and Scandinavia?A.It was a more important factor than population size.B.It was more influential than the rate of population growth.C.It was more important in the early stages than it was later.D.It was not a significant factor.3.According to paragraphs 2 and 3, which of the following contributed significantly to the successful economic development of the Netherlands and of Scandinavia?A.The relatively small size of their populationsB.The rapid rate at which their populations were growingC.The large amount of capital they had available for investmentD.The high proportion of their citizens who were educated4.According to paragraph 4, because of their location, the Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries had all of the following advantages when they began to industrialize EXCEPTA.low-cost transportation of goodsB.access to fishC.shipbuilding industriesitary control of the sea5.The word “exceptional” in passage 4 is closest in meaning toA.extraordinaryB.surprisingC.immediateD.predictable6.The word “abolished” in passage 4 is closest in meaning toA.endedB.raisedC.returnedD.lowered7.According to paragraph 5, each of the following contributed positively to the industrialization of the Netherlands and Scandinavia EXCEPTA.generally liberal trade policiesB.huge projects undertaken by the stateC.relatively uncorrupt governmentsD.relatively little social or political disruption8.The word “progressive” in passage 5 is closest in meaning toA.rapidB.partialC.increasingD.individual9.The author includes the information that “a protectionist movement developed in Sweden”(in paragraph 5) in order toA.support the claim that the political institutions of the four countries posed no significant barriers to industrialization or economic growthB.identify an exception to the general trend favoring liberal trade policyC.explain why Sweden industrialized less quickly than the other Scandinavian countries and NetherlandsD.provide evidence that agricultural reforms take place morequickly in countries that have a liberal trade policy than in those that do not10.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in passage 6? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A.The early industrializes controlled most of the international economy, leaving these countries to stake out new areas of specialization along the margins.B.Aided by their high literacy rates these countries were able to claim key areas of specialization within established international markets.C.High literacy rates enabled these countries to take over international markets and adapt the international division of labor to suit their strengths.D.The international division of labor established by the early industrializers was suited to these countries, a key factor in their success.11.According to paragraph 6, a major problem with depending heavily on international markets was that theycked stabilityB.were not well suited to agricultural productsC.were largely controlled by the early industrializersD.led to slower growth of local industries12.According to paragraph 6, what advantage could a country gain from being heavily involved in international commerce?A.A steadily rising national incomeB.Greater control over market fluctuationsC.High returns when things went wellD.A reduced need for imports13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence be added to passage. Where would the sentence best fit? During this period, Sweden had the highest rate of growth of output per capita of any country in Europe, and Denmark was secondWhile some European countries, such as England and Germany, began to industrialize in the eighteenth century, the Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden developed later. ■【A】 All four of these countries lagged considerably behind in the early nineteenth century. ■【B】However, they industrialized rapidly in the second half of the century, especially in the last two or three decades. ■【C】 In view of their later start and their lack of coal—undoubtedly the main reason they were not among the early industrializers—it is important to understand the sources of their success. ■【D】14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THERR answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.Although the Netherlands and Scandinavia began to industrialize relatively late, they did so very successfullyA.Although these countries all started with small, uneducated populations, industrialization led to significant population growth and higher literacy rates.B.Thanks to their ready access to the sea, these countriesenjoyed advantages in mercantile shipping, fishing, and shipbuilding.C.Because they all started with good harbors for steamships, these countries started with an important advantage in the competition for transit trade.D.These countries were helped by the fact that their governments were relatively stable and honest and generally supported liberal trade policies.E.These countries were successful primarily because their high literacy rates helped them fill specialized market niches.F.Because they were never fully dependent on international commerce, these countries were able to survive notorious fluctuations in international markets.托福阅读TPO18答案第1篇1.注意这道题没有明显关键词，England和Germany是不能用的，因为跟主题相关，所以用排除法。

托福口语模板及参考范文：18岁成人投出选票

托福⼝语题⽬： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? 18-year-old adults are not mature enough to vote. 托福⼝语参考范⽂： In my opinion, 18-year-old people already have the ability to vote. Firstly, because I think when we are 18, we are adults, which means we can take responsibility for our behaviors and actions. (At the age of 18, we begin to make decisions independently, and thus our votes can represent our own opinions)【括号内的也可以不说】 And also I think young people above 18 are very concerned about the future of the country and they have the ability to reason and also enough knowledge about politics, which will help them to make right decisions. 补充例⼦：For example, my friends and I are just 18 years old, and we often surf online to learn about the information related to national policies. And our politics teachers always tell us not to just repeat what others say but think by ourselves. So we are mature enough to vote. 托福⼝语参考答案： Well, I don't think I can agree with statement because I think +people who are already 18 years old are mature enough to vote.【也可以直接说： In my opinion, 18-year-old people already have the ability to vote.】 Firstly, because I think when we are 18, we are adults, which means we can take responsibility for the our behaviors and actions. (At the age of 18, we begin to make decisions independently, and thus our votes can represent our own opinions)【补充了⼀些细节，否则，这第⼀个理由根本就没有论证，丢下⼀句：我18，我成年了，就⾛了……哎~不要这么傲娇嘛!⾄少稍微结合咱们的话题解释⼀句嘛!】 And also I think young people above 18 are very concerned about the future of the country and they have the ability to reason and also enough knowledge about politics, which will help them to make right decisions. 补充例⼦(可以跟着Pt的答案⼀路说到结尾)：For example, my friends and I are just 18 years old, and we often surf online to learn about hte information related to national policies. And our politics teachers always tell me, "Please don't just repeat what others say but think by yourself, think critically." So I am pretty sure that we are mature enough to vote. (/ 语速快的同学，可以挑战加长版结尾So I am pretty sure that we have the capability to decide what is good for the nation and the people and thus we definitely are old enough to vote. ) 这纯粹为了凑时间的结尾，可以不读了：So I think they have both the right and capability to decide what is good for the nations and what is good for the people. So that's why I think they are old enough and mature enough to vote.【很啰嗦，其实就是因为没有内容了，所以⽤漫长的结尾来拖时间】托福⼝语模板分析：本⽂来⾃亦鸥⾼分友shurui，⾮常赞的发⾳!这⼀次之所以没有选择晨读团同学的录⾳，并不是因为⼤家的答案【内容】不够好，⽽是因为：⼤家的【发⾳】错误真的太多了! shurui同学是亦鸥有名的淡定⼤神，不论什么内容，她都说得从容不迫。

托福TPO5综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO5综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO5综合写作阅读原文文本： As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories. One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries. A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose. A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures. 托福TPO5综合写作听力原文文本： Professor: Unfortunately none of the arguments about what the Chaco great houses were used for is convincing.First, sure, from the outside, the great houses look like later and Native American apartment but the inside of the great houses casts serious doubt on the idea that many people lived there. I'll explain. If hundreds of people were living in the great houses, then there would have to be many fireplaces, where each family did its daily cooking, but there are very few fireplaces. In one of the largest great houses, there were fireplaces for only around ten families, so the primary function of the houses couldn't have been residential.Second, the idea that the great houses were used to store grain maize; unsupported by evidence. It many sound plausible that large empty rooms were used for storage, but excavations of the great houses have not uncovered many traces of maize or maize containers. If the great houses were used for storage, why isn't there more spilled maize on the floor? Why aren't there more remains of big containers?Third, the idea that the great houses were ceremonial centers isn't well supported either. You know that mound at PuebloAlto? It contains lots of other materials besides broken pots, stuff you wouldn't expect from ceremonies. For example, there are large quantities of building materials, sands, stones, even construction tools. This suggests that the mound is just a trash heap of construction material, stuff that was thrown away or not sued up when a house was being built. The pots in the pile could be regular trash too, leftover from the meals of the construction workers. So the Pueblo Alto mound is not good evidence that the great houses were used for special ceremonies. 托福TPO5综合写作满分范文： The author of the reading passage proposes three theories as likelyexplanations of the primary function of Chaco Canyon houses, grant structures built in the I2th century. The lecturer, however, points to the inaccuracies in each of these theories. The lecturer argues that the modest number of fireplaces in these structures is in contradiction with the huge size of these houses, indicating that these structures could not have been used for Residential purposes. The Reading, however, draws comparisons between the Chaco houses and other similar large Residential structures in support of the "Residential" theory. The second theory, that the houses were used for food storage, is also rejected by the lecturer. He explains that a place that had been used for storing maize would have many traces of scattered Maize, which is not the case in the area of the Chaco Canyon houses. This proves that the "food storage theory" is unlikely. Finally, regarding the third theory, the "ceremony theory", the lecturer contends that the presence of broken pots close to the great houses does not offer sufficient proof that this was a place for ceremonial activities. He argues that there are other materials such as pieces of construction trash found along with the broken pots, which suggest that these pots were probably not used for ceremonial purposes but instead were discarded by construction workers upon completion of the great houses. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO5综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

新托福TPO口语参考答案——TPO18

1. Imagine your life ten years in the future. Talk about one way you think your life will be different in ten years than it is now. Use details to explain your answer.I imagine my life ten years in the future to be free. My life will be different in one way from now that I don’t have to be tied to a job. I can travel around the world, go anywhere, see different things, meet different people, broaden my horizon and thus feel the world. I don’t have to confine myself to just one place. I can go to France, South Africa, South America and Islands in the Pacific. In addition, I can be a freelancer, live on my royalties.I will have plenty of time to write novels and read all the masterpieces. This is what I imagine my life will be in ten years.2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is important to learn about other cultures.Use details and examples to explain your opinion.I totally agree with this statement because we can learn different perspectives from other cultures. It’s important to know different perspectives to be reflective. For example, I wentto the US in my sophomore year and found out that many students in the US don’t use their parents’ money. They usually work in the summer to earn tuition fees and living expenses. However, most of my classmates including me use parents’ money without even thinking about it. We believe that it’s our parents’ obligation to pay for the college and give us allowances. I reflected on this issue and thought I should take on the responsibilities myself. Then I took a government loan to pay for the tuition fees and also got some part-time jobs. Therefore, I changed my perspective because I learned a new one from another culture.3. The man expresses his opinion about the change described in the article. BreiflyThe university choir decides to enter off-campus Singing Competitors in order to better its performance and help the music program grow. The man in the conversation likes this plan. Firstly, he thinks this change will motivate the singers in the choir. Since other schools’ choirs are very good, the university choir has to work harder to compete against them. So the university choir may practice more often than did it before and thus better theperformance. Secondly, he says if the choir goes to those off-campus events, there will be many students listening to them and if the students feel good, they may choose to come to the university and join the program. Therefore, the music program will grow.4. Using the example of the pronghorn and lion, explain the concept of a relict behavior.Relict behavior no longer serves its original purpose because of changed conditions. It might be useful to the animal when habitat was different. Pronghorn lives on open grassy plains. It is superfast, actually the fastest animal in the western hemisphere. Whenever its predators appear, it’s off in a flash. The reason why it runs so fast is that long time along, the grassy plain was different. Lions used to live there and chased pronghorns. Lions were much faster than bobcat, so pronghorn’s speed was critical to its survival. But now lions are extinct. They are no longer the predators. Because of this condition change, pronghorn’s speed doesn’t serve its original purpose and thus becomes a relict behavior.5. Briefly summarize the problem the speakers are discussing. Then state which solution you would recommend. Explain the reasons for your recommendation.The man wrote his paper last night but he forgot to take it with him. There are two possible solutions. The first one is to drive back to his place and bring the paper back. Since he lives off-campus, if he hurries, he can only come back before the class is over. Still he’ll miss part of the class. The second solution is to talk to the professor and ask her if it’s okay to send the paper later by email. But the professor always starts class on time, the man will only have chance to ask her when the class is over. I would recommend the man to take the fist solution. Since the professor is strict with late-submissions and he doesn’t know whether she’ll allow him to submit the paper later by email, it’s better to drive home and bring the paper back even if he’ll miss part of the class.6. Using points and examples from the lecture, explain how the characteristics of target customers influence marketing strategyfor products.The professor talks about two characteristics of target customers that can influence company’s marketing strategy. The first characteristic is age. If a company makes toy cars, its target customers are kids. It should advertise on Television during the time kids watch television. This makes sure that the advertisement reaches the kids so the company can get people in that age group to buy toy cars. The second characteristic is geographical location where the target customers live. If a company wants to sell boats, its target customers must live near ocean and lakes since only people live near water need boats. So the company will advertise in cities and towns that are near ocean and lakes in order to reach its target customers and therefore to sell more boats。

托福TPO18听力答案详细解析

TPO-18 Conversation 1（场景分类——询问工作）Narrow: Listen to a conversation between a student and an administrator in the university employment office.Student：Hi! I hope you can help me. I just transferred fromNortheasternStateUniversitynearChicago.Administrator：Well welcome toCentralUniversity. ButChicagois such a great city. Why did you leave?Student：（2）Everyone asks that. It’s my hometown. And it was sure convenient to go to a school nearby. ButNortheastern is still fairly small. And it doesn’t have the pro gram I’m interested in. I want to major in international studies. And the only program in the State is here.Administrator：We do have a great program. Well how did you get interested in international studies?Student：（3）My family hosted a few foreign exchange students while I was growing up. Then I took part in an international summer program after I graduated from high school. I thought I really I like meeting people from all over, getting to know them.Administrator：OH! Ok! And that led you to our program. （1）Right now though I think you are looking for a job.Student：Yeah, a part time job on campus. I thought I’d save money, being away from the big city. But it doesn’t seem to be working that way .Anyway I’m not having much luck.Administrator：I’m no t surprised. Most of our campus jobs are taken in the first week or two of the semester. What work experience have you had?Student：Well, I worked in the university library last year. But I already checked at the library here. They said their remaining positions were for work-study students getting financial aid. I’ve never run into that before.Administrator：Well, I guess each school has its own policies. （5）Uh, we really don’t have much right now. You might be better waiting until next semester. If you really want something, how are your computer skills?Student：About average I’d say. I helped teach some of the basic computer classes. Northeastern offers for new users, if that helps any？Administrator：OK, the technology support department needs people to work its helpdesk. It’s basically a customer service job, answering questions, helping people solve their computer problems, give you a chance to develop your people skills. Student：Something every diplomat needs. But is there some problem? I mean why is the job still open?Administrator：（4）Well, they have extended hours, from 6am to 2am every day. So they need a large staff. But right now they only need people early mornings, late nights, and weekends. You’d probably end up with a bit of everything ra ther than a regular spot. On the bright side you’ll probably be able to get some studyingdone between calls. At least it could be a start and then you can try for better hours next semester.Student：Um, I see why the hours might be a problem. But I guess I can’t afford to be too picky if I want a job. Still maybe we can work something out..词汇：diplomat n. 外交家helpdesk n. 帮助台spot n. 地点picky adj. 挑剔的；吹毛求疵的题目：1. Why does the student go to the university office?解析：主旨题，文中学生找管理员主要是想寻求工作机会。

Toefl Speaking托福口语例文

1. Some people think it is very important to have social interactions with neighbors. Others feel it is not important for neighbors to know each other. Which do you agree with, and why?I actually believe that interacting with your neighbors isn’t so important. But when I tried to think of why I feel that way, I realized the reasons are personal and complicated. Firstly, knowing my neighbors isn’t a priority for me because most of my friends and family live outside my neighborhood, it’s convenient to keep in touch with them by social application. What’s more, I already spend a lot of time socializing with my friends and colleagues, and don’t have much time left over to get to know people who live in my immediate area.2. Your friend wants to lose weight. What advice would you give your friend and why?Answer 1:If my friend wanted to lose weight, I would recommend that he or she eat more frequently but smaller portions and do regular exercise. I have a family member who was successful in losing weight by drastically cutting back her calorie intake, but I saw the dangers of this firsthand. I tried to tell her that research says that eating smaller portions more often and exercising regularly was the right way to lose weight. She did exercise, but I think it’s important to exercise properly and safely and work yourself up to more intense workouts rather than to start going hard right from the get-go. To sum up, I know it’s possible to lose weight in other ways, but this is the advice I would offer to my friend if she wanted to lose weight.Answer 2:If my friend wanted to lose weight, in the beginning I would recommend that he or she eat more frequently but smaller meals. According to research eating more regularly can positively influence our metabolism, meanwhile it can help us keep blood sugar levels stable.Secondly, working out on a regular basis is also important. Not only does it help us burn more calories, but lower risk of many diseases like diabetes and obesity.To sum up, I know it’s possible to lose weight in other ways, but this is the advice I would offer to my friend if she wanted to lose weight.3. Some people prefer to read physical books made from paper, while others prefer to read electronic books on a digital device. Which do you prefer and why? I’ve actually talked to many people about this before. I personally prefer to read real, physical books as the following reasons.First and foremost, I like the smell and the sound of the pages turning. Books have a distinct smell and the feel of them in your hand is not the same as holding an e-reader of some kind.Also, I like to be able to write in a book if I want or take notes. I also believe that technology will almost entirely take over and books will no longer be printed. So, I thinkthat having real books is important as they will have a totally unique value when this happens. So, that’s why I prefer to read physical books rather than electronic books on a digital device.4. Some people like participating in a performance like the theatrical or musical show. Others prefer to be in an audience watching those plays. Which do you prefer?I firmly believe that participating in a performance benefits more than just to be an audience, the following reasons will sufficiently illustrate what I say.As for the very first reason, it is apparently because stage shows help people think outside of the box and understand how to appraise a situation. In fact, performing arts have been regarded as one the best methods of improving one's self-confidence and self-esteem over time.People will become more confident going into unfamiliar situations which is able to help them a lot to deal with new challenges successfully. What’s more,communication skill will also be improved with exposure to such an environment. Because feedback and discussion are important parts of a stage show, which will help people cooperate with others. For example, back in my high school, when me and my classmates prepared a show for our graduation ceremony. All of us expressed our opinions, then selected the best ones, finally we performed an enjoyable show.To sum up, I prefer participating in a performance.5. Some people prefer sending messages while others prefer making phone calls directly, which one do you prefer?Key points: trendy, less intrusive, convenient when noisyNowadays, sending a text message has become more popular than making a phone call. There are numerous reasons available to justify this statement. In my opinion, there are a lot more advantages than disadvantages to the practice of sending text messages.One the one hand, to send text messages to others is because it’s keeping up with the times. For instance, a survey taken by a university reveals that almost 70% of the younger prefer to use WhatsApp or WeChat to text their friends rather than using a voice call to speak. According to young people, using a messaging application is trendier than using a voice call application.On the other hand, texting is a quick and efficient way to convey information. Also, a text message is much less intrusive and impersonal than a voice call. It gives the recipient to take their own time to reply whereas when you make a call, you could cause inconvenience to the other person by calling at the wrong time. However, when you leave a text message, the other party is not disturbed, and they can decide whether they want to reply or not. Another advantage of texting is that it is very convenient. There are certain environments which are unsuitable for making voice calls. Forexample, you can’t make a voice call from a highly noisy or very quiet environment.In conclusion, the practice of sending text messages certainly has a few disadvantages. For example, we may not get an instant reply. Even so, texting has many advantages over voice calling because it is cheaper, less intrusive and more convenient.Other points: Alleviating the reaction-- avoid real eye contact and a person’s face expression; Ease of use; Easy to remember; Less stressful; Multitasking friendly6. Some people prefer to give their opinions immediately. Others prefer to wait and listen to others’ opinions before giving their own. Which one do you think is better?Personally speaking, I prefer to wait and listen to others’ opinion before giving my own. Not only because it allows us to make fewer mistakes but think about the big picture, the following reasons will sufficiently illustrate what I say.Firstly, haste makes waste. If I give my opinions too fast, I will probably just jump into conclusions and I can’t have a deep thought about it. Several seconds of wait won’t hurt. For example, when I was a student, I used to answer any question immediately. Sometimes, I was in a hurry to answer the question before anyone else without enough thinking which led me to misinterpretation.In addition, I can get a more holistic view in the process of listening to others’ opinions.I will think about from their perspective if listen to other’s viewpoint in the first place. Asa result, I can integrate their ideas into mine and get a whole thought.Thus, I prefer to wait and listen to others’ opinion firstly and develop mine later.7. Your university will allow people from the local community to learn the course on campus, they could enter into the class, but can’ t ask questions and don’ t have assignments. Do you think this is a good idea？Explain why or why not?Personally speaking, I don’t believe not allowing them to ask questions and no assignments is a good idea for the following reasons.First, if the people from local community join our class voluntarily, they must be very interested in this course and may get involved with this field. Therefore, if they are allowed to ask questions, which might be insightful and inspired. What’s more, their opinion may also help us have a deeply understanding of the course. Sometimes they may interrupt the teaching process, but we benefit more from their opinion.Secondly, having assignments not only help them review the course but increase theopportunities of the interaction with them. Then we can build a study team with community members, finishing the assignments together, which would help us a lot.8. Should children solve the problem by themselves or with the help of their parents?I strongly believe that children should solve the problem by themselves. The following reasons will sufficiently illustrate my point.First and foremost, solving problem by themselves is to help them to survive difficulty and unpleasant feelings. When our children face tough problem, they may feel frustrated, disappointed and sad, but they need to learn that they can manage these negative feelings when they inevitably arise. This is helping to build resilience and coping mechanisms and develop emotion management ability.In addition, it can help children to develop their ability of independent and logics thinking instead of seeking help immediately when they get stuck, which is critical capability when they grow up. For example, when I was a child, sometimes I would ask for help from my mother when I met problem, however, she would direct me to think and find the solution rather than telling me the directly. Now I have excellent problem-solving ability and perform better than my colleagues.9. Describe an important festival in your country.In speaking of festivals, as we all know China is a country of numerous festivals and we love to celebrate different occasions whole-heartedly. In fact, there are so many festivals in China and it is quite tough for me to pick a particular favorite. I would love to talk about the Spring Festival, which is also known as Chinese Lunar New Year, as I personally enjoy it quite a lot.The Spring Festival is the biggest festival in our country and this festival touches every single street and every single citizen of China. I suppose it is somewhat like the Christmas festival is in Western countries in terms of celebration and as the New Year festival in terms of its norm. People get together with their family members during this time and they seem happy for that. Many stores and businesses remain closed during this time and people cook delicious food, visit relatives & friends, watch TV, wear new dresses and welcome New Year.I also contact some of my friends and enjoy our time together.I invite them to have dinner with us, and I often roam around the streets with them. Welcoming the New Year is another important aspect of this festival. We wish each other a happy and prosperous new year and exchange gifts with friends and family members.10. Do you agree or disagree：“The most important lesson can’t be learnt inclass.”I totally agree with the statement that “The most important lesson can’t be learned in class”The lesson we learned in class mostly is basic knowledge and academic skills. What we learn off school is much more practical. For example, you will never learn how to maintain successful relationship with your colleagues when we are in school, but it’s crucial to survive in the fierce competition in a company. In addition, you will never learn how to make a career development in classroom, but outside of school, we’ve got have to consider for our future, about the next 5 or 10 years of planning. These are not considered in school, but we have to learn in society.。

托福口语Task1-6各题答题技巧(精选)

1.托福口语Task1-6各题答题技巧1、托福口语task1答题技巧task1最常考的就是偏好题，通过智课老师的仔细研究，这类题型常出现的话题是人物话题、地点话题、事件话题或者是物品话题。

针对这类题型，同学们可以针对一个话题不断的神话，而且完全可以一个例子通用到各类话题中。

如果在文章的开头进行表述，是将主体分为三部分来阐述，开题无需技巧，简单读题即可，把you都改成me，比起Ithink……开头可以省去相对多的思维时间。

内容一般找三个理由，为避免理由重复或累赘，建议就方便、经济、减压等常用理由进行练习，并结合不断问自己How及Why等问题来充实内容，完成example的部分。

最后用连词进行连接，这里有个技巧，就使用first,also,finally，因为三到六题综合题中这三个词常成为提示词出现，在前两题中使用可对其有一定敏感度。

2、托福口语task2答题技巧结合第一题，第二题内容分布完全相同，并且这两题对时间把握尤其重要，要求考生进行“掐表”练习，对45s有感性认识，当一定练习后，口语部分的考试不再是考内容的，而是考时间的，因此在考试过程中掐时间角度有很多技巧可言。

3、托福口语task3答题技巧最讨厌的是41s说完这句短废话后变成42s，离perfecttime还是有3秒钟，那么可以用一些装口吃或吞口水的考场技巧将时间掐到44s或45s。

最后是三到六题的综合题部分。

综合题由于会有听力和阅读，因此要求考生对信号词定位有所敏感，口语中涉及的技巧是即使不理解听力内容，遇到生疏单词、句子，记下读音，再完整地还给考官，一样得分。

第三题听力内容中一男一女进行谈话，就他们对阅读内容的态度与否(支持还是反对)，不可以从语气上进行判断，要根据记录内容的回推去确认，以免犯错。

4、托福口语task4答题技巧(1)用两三句话概括阅读段落大意，重点在听力段落描述(2)阅读段落中有提到，但没有在听力段落中提到的信息，答题时可以不说(3)半数问题可能只针对听力段落提问，回答可不提阅读段落，引用概念即可5、托福口语task5答题技巧(1)前半部分问题的描述尽量使用模版，节约时间(2)前半部分陈述问题+描述方案时做到条理清晰，描述准确(3)描述个人倾向意见时不强求两条理由，一条充分描述即可6、托福口语task6答题技巧(1)描述清楚起因，结果和主要特征最重要(2)两个例子或试验分别进行描述，说完一个再说另一个(3)尽量不要遗漏重要信息，同时注意不要张冠李戴2.托福口语考试的常见问题托福口语考试对于大部分考生来说是比较头疼的，甚至有些考生并不知道该把托福口语备考的时候用在什么地方。

托福TPO18口语文本

小编给考生们带来了托福TPO18口语文本，希望大家多做题，多积累、多研究，有针对性的规划考试。

Task1Imagine your life ten years in the future. Talk about one way you thinkyour life will be different in ten years than it is now. Use details to explainyour answer.Task2Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is important tolearn about other cultures.Task3University Choir to Enter Off-Campus Singing CompetitionsCurrently, the university choir gives singing concerts only on campus. Nextyear, however, the choir will add competitive events at other locations to itsschedule. The choir ’s new director feels that entering singing competitionswill make the quality of the choir ’s performance even better than it is now.“Competitions will motivate students in the choir to pursue a higher standard ofexcellence in singing.” He said. In addition, it is hoped that getting the choiroff campus and out in the public will strengthen the reputation of theuniversity ’s music program. This in turn will help the program grow.The man expresses her opinion about the change described in the article.Briefly summarize the change. Then state her opinion and explain the reasons shegives for holding that opinion.Task4Relict BehaviorIn general, animals act in ways that help them to survive within theirspecific habitats. However, sometimes an animal species may display a behavior that no longer serves a clear purpose. The original purpose for the behavior may have disappeared long ago, even thousands of years before. These behaviors, known as relict behaviors, were useful to the animal when the species’ habitat was different: but now, because of changed conditions, the behavior no longer serves its original purpose. Left over from an earlier time, the behaviorremains as relict, or remnant, long after the environmental circumstance that influenced its evolution has vanished.Using the example of the pronghorn and lion, explain the concept of arelict behavior.Task5Briefly summarize the problem the speakers are discussing. Then state which solution you would recommend and explain the reasons for yourrecommendation.Task6Using points and examples from the lecture, explain how the characteristics of target customers influence marketing strategy for products.以上就是小编为大家带来关于托福TPO口语资料供大家阅读参考，托福资料频道将第一时间为考生发布最全、最新、最专业的托福资讯及托福考试资料及机经.。

托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本： Target Marketing Advertisers in the past have used radio and television in an attempt to provide information about their products to large, general audiences; it was once thought that the best way to sell a product was to advertise it to as many people as possible. However, more recent trends in advertising have turned toward target marketing. Target marketing is the strategy of advertising to smaller, very specific audiences– audiences that have been determined to have the greatest need or desire for the product being marketed. Target marketing has proved to be very effective in reaching potential customers. 托福TPO5口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a marketing class. Professor (male) Nowadays something you notice more and more is television commercials that are made specifically for certain television programs. So, let's say, uh, a company wants to sell a telephone, a cell phone. Now during TV shows that young people watch, you know shows with pop music or teen serials, they create a commercial that emphasizes how fun the phone is. You know, the phone has bright colors and they show kids having a good time with their friends. And, well, the company wants the kids watching TV at this time to want to buy this phone, this phone that's made especially for them.But, the same company will make a different commercial to be shown during, say, a program about business or a business news show. Now, for this group of people, business people, the company will have to show how efficient their phone is, how it can handle all business easily and maybe even save money. And here is the thing: it’s basically the same phone. The company has just made two different commercials to appeal to different groups of people. 托福TPO5口语Task4题目： Using the professor’s examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing. 托福TPO5口语Task4满分范文： Targeted marketing is an effective marketing strategy, that is, a companyadvertises the product to a smaller and more specific audience so it's more likely to attract the customers in need. For example, a cellphone company may show a cellphone commercial emphasizing its variety of colors and entertainment functions during entertainment programs for young people like pop concerts or the like, since the audience then are usually teenagers, and they're very likely to be fascinated and ask their parents to buy the fun phone for them. However, the company may also create a different commercial that shows how convenient and productively helpful the phone is and put it during the business news hour to attract business people. According to the two examples, the cellphone company can maximize the sales of its cellphones with the help of target marketing. (137 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

托福TPO18听力Conversation2文本+题目+答案解析

托福TPO18听力Conversation2文本+题目+答案解析为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO18听力Conversation2文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO18听力Conversation2文本Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and his sociology professor.Professor: Well, I’m glad you redid your outline. I fed a few comments, but nothing you have to act on. It’s in good enough shape for you to start writing your paper.Student: Thanks! At first I was afraid all that prep work would be a waste of time.Professor: Well, especially with a challenging topic like yours: factors leading to the emergence of sociology as an academic discipline. There’s just so much history to consider; you could get lost without a solid outline. So did you have a question?Student: Yeah, it’s about…you mentioned needing volunteers for a research study?Professor: Yep, it’s not my study. It’s my colleague’s in the marketing department. She needs people to watch various new TV programs that haven’t been broadcast y et, then indicate on a survey whether they liked it, why, if they’d watch another episode. It’d be kind of fun plus participants get a $50 gift certificate.Student: Wow, well I like the sound of that. But…so they are trying to predict if the shows are gonna succeed or fail, right, based on students’ opinions? Why would they care what we think?Professor: Hey, don’t sell yourself short. People your age are a very attractive market for advertisers who promote theirproducts on television. The study is sponsored by a TV network. If enough students don’t like the show, the network may actually reconsider putting it on the air.Student: OK, well, how do I sign up?Professor: You just add your name and phone number to this list and check a time slot, although it looks like the only times left are next Monday morning and Thursday evening.Student: Oh, well, I have marketing and economics Monday mornings and Thursday.Professor: OH, you are taking the marketing class? Who’s teaching it?Student: It’s Professor Largi n - Intro to Marketing. He hasn’t mentioned the study though.Professor: Oh, well, the marketing department’s pretty big.I happen to be friends with a woman who is doing the TV study. Ok, well, we don’t want you missing class. How’s Thursday?Student: Oh, I work from 5 till 9 that night.Professor: Hmm, no flexibility with your schedule? Where do you work?Student: At Fox’s Diner, as a server.Professor: Oh, I love Fox’s. I eat there every week. Maybe you could switch shifts with someone.Student: I’m still in training. And the only night my trainer works is Thursday.Professor: Look! I know the owners there really well. Why don’t you let me give them a call and explain the situation?Student: OK! It’d be cool to be part of a real research study. And th e gift certificate wouldn’t hurt either.托福TPO18听力Conversation2题目1.What is the conversation mainly about?A. The topic of the man's research paper.B. Some current research projects in sociology.C. Effective ways of conducting sociology research.D. The man's possible participation in a research project.2.What does the professor imply about the man's outline?A. It has revealed that he should limit the focus of his paper.B. It does not provide enough information for him to write the paper.C. It will help him write clearly about a complex topic.。

4月18日托福口语考试真题及答案完整版

4月18日托福口语考试真题及答案完整版2015年4月18日托福口语考试真题及答案（完整版）店铺导语：4月18日的托福考试已经进行，下面是店铺为您收集整理的口语真题及范文，希望能够帮助到您。

Task1Which of the following types of book you do not enjoy, science fiction, biography, and history book(另外一种说法是romantic book)? Explain why you do not enjoy it.解析：这一场仍旧是多选一类的'题目，大多数机经的题型压对了，题目是老题。

今年考过的五场六份卷子中，第一题多选一类占了4场，建议类题目占两场。

多选一类题目最好能提两个到三个分论点，再加论证。

论证当中建议使用对比论证至少一次比较有说服力。

接下来仍旧可以多练习多选一类题目。

Sample Answer 1: The type of book that I do not enjoy is science fiction because of the following reasons. Firstly, science fiction is useless for your real life. For example, most people like Harry Potter. They are familiar with the spells and weapons of that magic world, but they cannot use any one of them in the real life. Secondly, reading science fiction may cause the misunderstanding of the real world. People at young age, who are the main readers of science fiction, are hard to tell the real world from the imaginary world.Sample Answer 2: The type of book that I do not enjoy is biography because of the following reasons. Firstly, biography is really boring. It is the life story of a certain celebrity. You cannot copy his or her life experiences since the case only represent a small amount of people. Secondly, biography is not objective. You might be misled by the celebrities’ story. Most celebrities choose to cover disadvantages and advocate their advantages.Sample Answer 3: The type of book that I do not enjoy is history book because of the following reasons. Firstly, history book is plain and dull. It is even hard for me to concentrate on reading history book for fifteen minutes. Secondly, history book cannot be used in the real life. Things happened in the history are really hard to be used in the real life. It is really wired to apply an event occurred in Qing dynasty to real life because situations are really different.。

托福TPO18口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO18口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO18口语Task6听力文本： Listen to part of a lecture in a business class. People who are likely to buy a company's product are called target customers and these target customers influence a company's marketing strategy. In order to develop a marketing strategy, a company would look at certain characteristics of target customers to decide when and where to advertise, so that they'll reach the target customers most effectively. I'd like to talk to you today about two characteristics of target customers that can influence marketing strategy, specifically age and geographic location of target customers.Say a company makes toy cars, who are its target customers? Kids, right? So if a company wants to make sure its television advertising reaches its target customers, it'd want to advertise during times when kids are actually watching television, like during children's television shows. That way it can make sure that kids see the advertisements and that way the company will get people in that age group to go buy toy cars or to ask their parents to buy them, at least. Now, another important characteristic to consider is geographic location, places where the company’s target customers live. Think about a company that makes boats. Its target customers are people who own homes near oceans or lakes, places where they can use boats, after all, people who don’t live near water don’t have much use for boats. So by placing advertisement on signs along the road or on television in cities and towns that are near oceans or lakes, the company would be more likely to reach the target customers for its boats and sell more of them as a result. 托福TPO18口语Task6题目： Using points and examples from the lecture, explain how the characteristics of target customers influence marketing strategy for products. 托福TPO18口语Task6满分范文： There're two major characteristics of target customers that influence marketing strategy for products. The first one is age. For example, a toy car company tends to put their advertisements during children's TV show so that they're more likely to be viewed by children and their parents, which are the target customers for the company. If the children see the commercial, they'll probably ask their parents to buy the toy for them. Another is geographical location, that's where the target customers live. A boat company will not release ads in cities and towns that are far away from waters, but rather in places near seas or lakes, because people in those places have the need for a boat and the company will be able to maximize its sales.(133 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO18口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

托福口语机经与答题范例

托福口语机经与答题范例TOEFL 口语讲义[键入文字]Rachel H口语考试What is the purpose of Response?1.2.模拟美国大学的上课氛围及学生的校园生活，要求学生具备在英语环境下听课并作课堂笔记的能力,比较、总结并阐述自己观点的能力；学生能够用英文处理校园生活中出现的问题的能力。

学生能不能参与日常的对话，表达自己的观点并能在各种场合中用英文与人交流What do we need to do in Response Task?Part One Independent tasksTask 1 &Task 2 : Ask & AnswerPart Two Integrated tasksTask 3&4Reading+ Listening + SpeakingTask 5 & 6Listening + Speaking Speaking section 时间分配表TOEFL 口语讲义[键入文字]Rachel HTASK 1Topic 1 PlaceQuestions (outdoor)If you could live abroad where would you go？（口语特训）Describe your favorite city you’ve lived before. （06－01－06）What is your favorite place you would like to travel with your friends (06-01-14)What kind of park or public place would you like go? (06-01-21)Introduce one of your favorite cities. (06-07-15)Describe a school you attend, why do you think it is special?( 06-09-23)Describe your Favorite Park or public place. (06-11-17)What place you never visited before you wanna visit it the most (07-01-19)Choose a natural place from this list and explain why, forest, mountain, shore,dessert, city. （07－04－21）说一个你未来打算去的地方，为什么? (07.08.11)说一下天气好的时候，你喜欢去的户外场所（07.08.17)描述你所住城市里的一个你最喜欢的地方07.12.01描述一个你一直以来很想去但没有去过的地方 08.02.02描述你儿时喜欢去的一个地方，并说明原因 08.03.08模板答案必须是符合各种条件的一个地方，其中包括了国内/国外/学校/公共场合/天然地方45 秒钟的时间可以完成 80－100单词答案必须包含细节和事例Questions (indoor)Where would you like to go with your friends, restaurant, café or home? (06-02-11)Describe your favorite room (07-01-13)Features of café or restaurant you like? (07-01-14)介绍你最喜欢的房间，可以是你自己的卧室或是其他的 08.04.27 可以运用里面的个别词汇点题，让听者知道你所叙述的地方Topic 2 peopleQuestionsWho is the person in your family that has influenced your life a lot?(口语特训)Describe the character of a good teacher has. (06-03-03)Who is the person you admire the most? (06-03-17)Describe the character of a person you admire. （06-03-18）TOEFL 口语讲义[键入文字]Rachel HWho is the person influence you the most. (06-05-26)Describe a character you find out fromyour friend. (06-06-24)What do you think are the good characters of a good parent? (06-08-12)What is the quality do you think a leader needs to have? (06-10-21)Who is the person you respect the most? (06-10-22)Who would you love talking with and what would you talk about? (07-06-24)描述给你正面影响的一个人 07.09.22当遇到问题时，你会向谁寻求帮助？07.09.29描述你认为重要的一个朋友品质 07.10.20你认为老师最重要的品质是什么？07.11.03作为 leader，应该需要有什么样的品质。

托福听力TPO18原文Lecture3

托福听力TPO18原文Lecture3下面就让小编来为大家介绍一下托福听力TPO18原文中Lecture3的文本内容吧，大家要好好把握，这些都是非常有价值的材料，同时，大家也可以登录前程百利论坛进行TPO练习辅导，希望能够给准备托福听力的同学带来帮助。

TPO18Lecture3European HistoryProfessor：In order to really study the social history of the Middle Ages,you have to understand the role of spices.Now,this might sound a little spurring,even a little strange.But what seem like little things now were back then actually rather big things. So first let’s define what a spice is.Technically speaking,a spice is part of an aromatic plant that is not a leaf or herb.Spices can come from tree bark like cinnamon,plant roots like ginger,flower buds like cloves.And in the Middle Ages.Europeans were familiar with lots of different spices,most important being pepper,cloves,ginger,cinnamon,maize and nutmeg.These spices literarily dominated the way Europeans lived for centuries,how they traded and even how they used their imaginations.So why this medieval fascination with spices?We can boil it down to there general ideas briefly.One was cost and rarity.Uh two was exotic taste and fragrance.And third,mysterious origins and kinds of mythical status.Now for cost and rarity,spices aren’t native to Europe and they had to be imported. Spices only grew in the East Indies and of course transportation costs were incredibly valuable even from the very beginning.Here is an example.In408AD,the Gothic General who captured Rome demanded payment.He wanted5000pounds of gold among other things but he also wanted3000pounds of pepper.Maybe that would give you an idea of exactly where pepper stood at the time.By the Middle Ages,spices were regarded as so important and expensive they were used in diplomacy,as gifts by heads of state and ambassadors.Now for the taste.The diet then was relatively bland,compared to today’s.There wasn’t much variety.Especially the aristocracy who tended to eat a lot of meat,they were always looking for new ways to prepare it,new sources,new tastes and this is where spices came in.Now,this is a good point to mention one of the biggest myths about spices.It’s commonly said that medieval Europeans wanted spices to cover up the taste of spoiled meat.But thisisn’t really true.Anyone who had to worry about spoiled meat couldn’t afford spices in the first place.If you could afford spices,you could definitely afford fresh meat.We also have evidence that various medieval markets employed a kind of police to make sure that people did not sell spoiled food,and if you were caught doing it,you were subject to various fines,humiliating public punishments.So what actually was true was this:In order to have meat for the winter,people would preserve it in salt,not a spice.Spices actually aren’t very effective as preservatives.And throughout winter,they would eat salted meat,but the taste of the stuff could grow really boring and depressing after a while.So the cook started looking for new ways to improve the taste and spices were the answer, which brings us to mysterious origins and mythical status.Now the ancient Romans had a thriving spice trade and they sent their ships to the east and back.But when Rome collapsed in the fifth century and the Middle Ages began,direct trade stopped,and so did that kind of hands-on knowledge of travel and geography.Spices now came by way of the trade routes with lots of intermediaries between the producer and the consumer.So these spices took on an air of mystery.Their origins were shrouded in exotic travels.They had the allure of the unknown,of wild places.Myths grew up of fantasy lands,magical faraway places made entirely of food and spices.And to that,spices themselves had always been considered special or magical not just for eating and this was already true in the ancient world where legends about spices were abundant.Spices inspired the medieval imagination.They were used as medicines to ward off diseases,and mixed into perfumes,incent.They were used in religious rituals for thousands of years.They took on a life of their own and they inspired the medieval imagination,spurred on the age of discovery in the145th and16th centuries.When famous explorers like Columbus and da Gama and Magellan left Europe in their ships,they weren’t looking for a new world.;they were looking for spices.And we know what important historical repercussions some of those voyages had.教授：同学们，要理解中世纪的社会发展历史，你们必须要理解香料的重要作用。

托福作文TPO5英文范文及解析

TPO 5Although these days we have many distractions to tempt us away from our obligations that can lead to procrastination and disappointment, pursuing our interests may also be inspirational and healthy. I think that as long as we maintain self-discipline to prioritize our commitments, then there is nothing wrong with unwinding as we wish.内容详细条目段落此段结构本段首句进行让步，尽管现在有很多干扰让我们拖延，追求兴趣还是一件健康的事情。

之后作者表明自己观点，只要我们能够自律，休闲是没有错误的。

此段功能本段交待背景，并提出自己观点，即花时间在兴趣上是没有错误的。

In any economy, everyone is obliged to do their bit as a generator of income, to provide for their families and at the very least avoid being a burden to society. As such, we must fulfill our obligations as a main concern before, say, watching television or playing sports. If we do not, then we will fail to live up to our duties with appropriate consequences. Our failure, in this respect, cannot be placed at another’s doorstep while family, nor society, should be expected to pick up the pieces. Our duties are various, our dependents rely on us and if we all act without sufficient restraint, society cannot function.内容详细条目段落此段结构本段首句交待了我们每个人的任务。

托福TPO18听力Conversation2文本+题目+答案解析

Professor: Well, I’m glad you redid your outline. I fed a few comments, but nothing you have to act on. It’s in good enough shape for you to start writing your paper.
Student: Thanks! At first I was afraid all that prep work would be a waste of time.
Professor: Well, especially with a challenging topic like yours: factors leading to the emergence of sociology as an academic discipline. There’s just so much history to consider; you could get lost without a solid outline. So did you have a question?
ent: It’s Professor Largin - Intro to Marketing. He hasn’t mentioned the study though. Professor: Oh, well, the marketing department’s pretty big. I happen to be friends with a woman who is doing the TV study. Ok, well, we don’t want you missing class. How’s Thursday? Student: Oh, I work from 5 till 9 that night. Professor: Hmm, no flexibility with your schedule? Where do you work? Student: At Fox’s Diner, as a server. Professor: Oh, I love Fox’s. I eat there every week. Maybe you could switch shifts with someone. Student: I’m still in training. And the only night my trainer works is Thursday. Professor: Look! I know the owners there really well. Why don’t you let me give them a call and explain the situation? Student: OK! It’d be cool to be part of a real research study. And the gift certificate wouldn’t hurt either. 托福 TPO18 听力 Conversation2 题目 1.What is the conversation mainly about? A. The topic of the man's research paper. B. Some current research projects in sociology. C. Effective ways of conducting sociology research. D. The man's possible participation in a research project. 2.What does the professor imply about the man's outline? A. It has revealed that he should limit the focus of his paper. B. It does not provide enough information for him to write the paper. C. It will help him write clearly about a complex topic.

【必备资料】托福TPO5口语Task5题目文本及答案解析

【必备资料】托福TPO5口语Task5题目文本及答案解析在托福口语备考中，想要快速提升自己的托福口语能力，除了不断的累积自己的词汇和句型之外，从TPO练习入手也不失为一个不错的方法。

那么，在以下内容我们就为大家带来托福口语TPO的题目和答案解析。

托福TPO5口语task5题目 Listening Part:Listen to a conversation between two students.(man) Susan, what happened to your arm?(woman) It’s my wrist, actually. I sprained it last weekend and I am kind ofupset about it because I’m supposed to play the violin in my string quartet’sbig concert next week. We’ve been practicing for weeks and we’ve already sold abunch of tickets.(man) Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. What are you gonna do?(woman) Well, I was thinking about trying to play anyway, I mean, I reallydon’t want to let the other three group members down. Plus the doctor said mywrist should be feeling better by then.(man) Oh, OK, so problem solved, right?(woman) Not exactly. I’m worried I’m gonna be out of practice, like I haven’tbeen able to play the violin since I sprained my wrist. What if I don’t playwell? I’d make the rest of the group sound bad.(man) Why don’t you get somebody else to take your place?(woman) Well, there’s only one other person I know who could do it and that’s Jim. He’s a great violinist and I’m sure he’d say yes. The thing is he’s not very reliable. I mean, I’m in the orchestra with him and he’s always showing up late for rehearsals.(man) Oh, so you’re not sure you can depend on him.(woman) Exactly, and we have less than a week left to rehearse for theconcert. We’d really need him to show up on time for all our rehearsals.托福TPO5口语task5题目 Question:Briefly summarize the woman’s problem then state which solution you would recommend.Explain the reasons for your recommendation.托福TPO5口语task5答案解析：1. Listening key(1.1) Problem: need to play the violin, but hurt her arm(1.2) Solution 1: play anyway(1.2.1) Pro: won’t let down group members; doctor thinks it will healsoon(1.2.2) Con: she’s been out of practice, could make mistakes during performance(1.3) Solution 2: get Jim to replace her(1.3.1) Pro: Jim is a fabulous player and he’d say yes(1.3.2) Con: Jim is always late for rehearsals托福TPO5口语task5范文：The woman’s problem is that she needs to play the violin in a big concert,but she’s hurt her arm. There are two possible solutions, the first one is to try to play anyway. The other solution is to get Jim to replace her and play in the concert. I think the first is better, because that way she won’t let the other group members down, and the doctor said her wrist should be feeling better by then. Also, she says in the conversation that Jim is not reliable. If he’s always late for the rehearsals, that’ll compromise the whole performance. And that’s unfair to the other group members who have been practicing for weeks.本文部分信息来源于新东方在线。

【托福听力资料】托福TPO18 听力文本——Lecture 4

【托福听力资料】托福TPO18 听力文本——Lecture 4众所周知，托福TPO材料是备考托福听力最好的材料。

相信众多备考托福的同学也一直在练习这套材料，那么在以下内容中我们就为大家带来托福TPO听力练习的文本，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。

TPO 18 Lecture 4 BiologyA：Well, it’s finally looking like spring is arriving. The last of thewinter snow would be melting away in a few days. So before we close today, I thought I’d mention a biological event that’s a part of the transition from winter to spring, something you can go outside and watch if you have some patience. There is a small creature that lives in this area; you’ve probably seen it. It’s the North American wood frog. Now the wood frog’s not that easy tosspot since it stays pretty to close to the ground, under leaves and things and it blends in really well with its background as you can see. But they are worth the effort because they do something very unusual, something you might not have even thought possible. OK North American wood frogs live over a very broad territory or range. They’re found all over the northeastern United States and all through Canada and Alaska, even inside the Arctic Circle. No other frog is able to live that far and north. But wherever they live, once the weather starts to turn cold and the temperature starts to drop below freezing, as soon as the frog even touches an ice crystal or a bit of frozen ground, well, it begins to freeze. Yeah...yes to me. You look a little bit taken aback.B: Wait, you mean it’s still alive but it freezes, solid?A: Well, almost. Ice forms in all the spaces outside the cells but neverwithin a cell.B: But… then how does its heart beat?A: It doesn’t.B: But…then how could it…….A: You are gonna do such a thing? Well, that first touch of ice apparently triggers a biological response inside the frog. That first of all starts drawing water away from the center of its body, so the middle part of the frog, its internal organs, its heart, lungs, liver, these start getting drier and drier while the water that’s being pulled away is forming a puddle around the organsjust underneath the skin. And then that puddle of water starts to freeze. OK, upto known, the frog’s heart is still beating, right? Slower and slower but…and inthose last few hours before it freezes, it distributes glucose, a blood sugar throughout its body, its circulatory system, sort of acts like an anantifreeze.B: A solution of antifreeze like you put in your car in the winter?A: Well, you tell me. In frogs, the extra glucose makes it harder for the winter inside the cells to freeze. So the cells stay just slightly wet, enough so that they can survive the winter. Then after that, the heart stops beating altogether. So is that the same?B: I don’t really know, but how long dose it stay that way?A: Well, it could be days or months, all winter in fact but umm, see theheart really doesn’t need to do any pumping now because the blood is frozen too.B: I just, I guess I just don’t see how it isn’t, you know, clinically dead.A: Well, that’s the amazing thing and how it revives is pretty amazing too.After months without a heartbeat, spring time came around again, the earth starts to warm up and suddenly one day, ping, a pulse, followed by another one, then another until maybe ten, twelve hours later, the animal is fullyrecovered.B: And does the thawing process have some kind of trigger as well?A: Well, we are not sure actually, the clearer thing is even though the sun is warning the frog up on the outside, its inside thaw out first, the heart and brain and everything. But somehow it all just happens that way every spring.B: But after they thaw does it affect them like their lifespan?A: Well, hmm, we really don’t know a lot about how long a wood frognormally lives, probably just a few years but there is no evidence itslongevity. It does have some other impacts though. In studies, we found that when it comes to reproduction, freezing diminishes the mating performance ofmales. After they’ve been frozen and thawed of course, they don’t seem quite asvocal. They move slower and they seem to have a harder time recognizing apotential mate. So if the male frog could manage not to go through this freezing cycle, he’d probably have more success in mating.希望这些对你的托福备考有帮助，预祝大家托福考试能取得理想成绩。

托福TPO18综合写作及材料原文

托福TPO18综合写作及材料原文托福TPO18综合写作范文及材料原文在佛罗里达州，佛罗里达香榧是一种非常常见的常绿乔木。

从1950年代开始，佛罗里达香榧数量开始减少，并濒于灭绝。

新托福TPO18综合写作部分的材料就三种解决香榧数量下降的方式进行了分析。

下面是店铺整理的材料原文和高分范文，欢迎阅读!托福TPO18综合写作范文：The professor in the lecture totally disagrees with the three solutions mentioned in the reading passage. In fact, she believes that these solutions won’t lead tosatisfactory consequences at all.Firstly, the professor mentions that help the Torreya reestablish in its original habitat is unlikely to success. She claims that the coolest and dampest area of the microclimate is strongly influenced by many worldwide climate effects such as the global warming, thus it is impossible for Torreya to thrive again in the same place. This strongly opposes the first method in the reading passage.Secondly, the professor claims that moving Torreya to a totally different location is also unrealistic. She takes Black Locus as an example. Black Locus thrives quickly after entering a new habitat and endangers many scarce species. The professor points out the disastrous consequence and opposes the second method raised in the reading passage.Last but not least, the professor claims that keeping T erroya in research center won’t be a good metho d either. Trees preserved in the center cannot resist diseases in the long run. The professor again opposes the last method in the reading passage. 托福TPO18综合写作阅读材料：In the 1950s T orreya Taxifolia, a type of evergreen tree once very common in the state of Florida started to die out. No one is sure exactly what caused the decline, but chances are good that if nothing is done, Torreya will soon become extinct. Experts are considering three ways to address the decline of Torreya.在佛罗里达州，佛罗里达香榧是一种非常常见的常绿乔木。