物流管理专业英语--复习重点
自考物流英语重点
一单元-----物流概论重点单词：Logistics 物流warehouse 仓储inventory 库存procurement 获得，获取packaging 包装inbound 归航outbound 开往外地的handling 搬运，运用coordination 协调strategic 战略上的planning 设计，计划material handling 材料搬运transport 运输forecasting 预测strategic planning 战略规划purchasing 采购advent 到来process 过程requirment 要求customer service 客户服务英译汉1.Logistics is unique global ”pipeline” that operates 24 hours a day ,seven days aweek and 52 weeks a year ,planning and coordinating the transport and delivery of products and service to custmers the world over物流作为一全球独特的“运输管道”，一天24小时，一周7天，一年52周不间断的运营着计划和协调全球产品和服务的运输和交付。
2.However, when is comes to moden logistics mast professinoals in the businessconsider it one of the most chalenging and exciting jobs ,invisible as it is.但是，说到现代物流，业内人士认为，尽管看不见摸不着，它是最富有挑战性和最激动人心的工作。
3.logistics is that part of the supply chain process ,that plans ,implements andcontrols the efficient, effectile flow and storage of goods ,service and relatde information from the point of origin to point of consumption to meet customers’ requirements.物流是供应链的一部分，计划，执行和控制产品服务及相关信息从源产地到消费地的及时有效流动和存储以满足客户要求。
物流工程专业英语期末复习要点
物流工程专业英语期末复习要点简答题：1.Facility Location Decision: The success of a particular logistics system is dependent upon thelocation of the relevant warehousing and production facilities.2.packaging: promoting the product and protecting it .3.Returned products: such as products recalls , product damage, lack of demand, and customerdissatisfaction.4.The main advantage of static simulation (静态模拟) is that it is simpler, less expensive tooperate , and more flexible than most optimization techniques. Unlike mathematical programming approaches, simulation does not guarantee an optimum solution.5.Lean thinking is based around the simple philosophy of eliminating waste.6.Three factors are fundamental to transportation performance:（1）cost(2)speed(3)consistency7.Lean Thinking (seven wastes); (1)The waste of over production (2)…waiting(3)…inappropriate processing (4)…unnecessary inventory (5)unnecessary motions (6) defects(7) transporting8.The 80/20 rule will often be found to hold: that is 80 percent of the profits of the businesscomes from 20 percent of the customers. Furthermore 80 percent of the total costs to service will be generated from 20 percent of the customers (but probably not the same 20percent！)9.Influence of LCS Quality on customer Loyalty Intentions?(1)As perceived cycle time quality increases, the level of customer intended loyalty towardsthe online retailer will increase.(2)As perceived in-stock availability quality increase, the level of customer intended loyaltytoward the online retailer will increase.(3)As perceived customer responsiveness quality increases, the level of customer intendedloyalty toward the online retailer will increase.10. The assumption of EOQ ( The EOQ model):(1)all demand is satisfied;所有的需求都能被满足(2)rate of demand is continuous, constant, and known;需求率是连续的，明确的已知量(3)replenishment performance cycle time is constant and known;补货时间是连续已知的(4)there is a constant price of product that is independent of order quantity or time; 产品的价格是常量，不受订货数量和时间的影响(5)there is an infinite planning horizon; 计划周期是无限的(6)there is no interaction between multiple items of inventory; 各项库存之间没有影响(7)no inventory is in transit; 在途库存不考虑(8)no limit is placed on capital availability; 没有资金限制11. Environmental Models: noise; vibration; air pollution.12.Transportation Characteristics: non-storability; indivisibility;13. what is 3 rd-party Logistics: third-party logistics, also called logistics outsourcing, or contract logistics, continues to beone of the most misunderstood terms in logistics and supply chain management .14.Why use 3PL: to save time; Because someone else can do it better; to share responsibility; to re-engineer distribution networks.15.. Limitations(缺陷) of 3rd-Party Logistics :（1）Loss of control over the logistics function(especially for critical parts );（2）More distance from clients. Loss of human touch.（3）Discontinuity of services of 3PL provider;（4）Differences of opinion or perception of the service level of the 3 rd-Party provider.16. The cost holding inventory (1) capital cost (2)service cost (3)storage costs (4) risk costs17. The quality research measure: Ordering procedures refer to the efficiency and effectiveness of the procedures followed by the supplier .Order accuracy refers to how closely shipments match customers ’orders upon arrival .Order condition refers to the lack of damage to orders .Order quality refers to how well products work .Information quality refers to customer’s perceptions of the information provided by the supplier regarding products from which customers may choose. Personnel contact quality. Order release quantities. Order discrepancy handing. Timeliness 18. Strategy of Logistics: (1) Low cost and high quality tactics; (2)flexibility tactics; (3)good delivery performances.19.EX-works: FCA(free carrier );FOB(free on board);CFR(cost and freight);CIF(cost, insurance, and freight)名词解释：1.Inventory: refers to stocks of goods that are maintained fora variety of purposes, such as forresale to others, as well as to support manufacturing or assembling processes.2.Materials handling: refers to the short-distance movement of products within the confines of afacility.3.Order management: refers to management of the activities that take place between the time acustomer places an order and the time it is received by the customer.4.Salvage refers to “equipment that has served its useful life but still has value as a source forpats”, while scrap refers to “commodities that are deemed worthless to the user and only valuable to the extent they can be recycled.”5.Warehousing: refers to places where inventory can be stored for a particular period of time.6.Pull scheduling: a system of controlling materials whereby the user signals to the maker orprovider that more material is needed. Material is sent only in response to such a signal.7.Push scheduling: a system of controlling materials whereby makers and providers make orsend material in response to a pre-set schedule, regardless of whether the next process needs them at the time.8.Fixed costs: tend to stay the same as volume of activity changes, or at least, within a givenvolume range.9.Variable costs: change as the volume of activity changes.10.Direct costs: can be tied to specific products.11.Indirect costs: are whatever is left over after direct costs have been allocated.12.Basic service: refers to the basic level delivered to all customer, whether less profitable ormost profitable, they should received service not lower than this level.13.Value-added service: refers to the firm can be paid for the additional service by the buyer, orwe can say the cost of raising service level can be made up for by increase price or more transctions ,such service surpassing the basic level.1.物流是以满足客户需求为目的，计划、执行与控制产品、服务以及相关信息从起始点到消费终端高效率的流动过程2.全面质量管理是一种受管理系统支持的理念，这个系统通过各职能部门齐心协力来满足客户对产品各方面的需求3.集装箱码头连接海运与陆运，比传统的码头搬运集装箱更快捷，更经济，更准确，容量更大4.企业借助物流系统能够控制原料、在制品以及成品库存的运动状态和地理位置，从而使成本最低。
物流管理专业英语复习材料
一、词组：functiona l silo 功能模块功能筒，功能仓corporate silo 企业模块企业筒企业仓integrated logistical 整合物流value net 价值网market saturation driven 市场浸透驱动operationally agile 操纵敏捷性logistics optimizer 物流优化（器）functional spin-off 功能剥离shipment visibility 托运物的能见性fourth party logistics（4PL）firms 第四方物流公司pre-shipment information 预托运信息预装船信息exception management 例外管理异常管理proactive approach 预先主动方法full container vessel 全集装箱船main haul service 主干（服务）航线call at 挂靠、、、港annual turnover 年周转量年运量freight organization 货运机构transportation hinge 交通汇集点交通枢纽transport hub 交通枢纽multi-model transportation 多式联运all-round service 全方位服务market-orientation & customer-satisfaction 以市场为导向、以客户满意为中心demise charter 光船租船general cargo ship 普通货船container ship 集装箱船cellular full container ship 格栅式全集装箱船semi-container ship 半集装箱船oil-tanker 油轮roll-on/ roll off(RO/RO) container ship 开上开下滚式装卸集装箱船.RORO船lift-on/ lift-off(LO/LO) container ship 吊上吊下吊式装卸集装箱船.LOLO船lash-lighter aboard ship/barge carrying vessel载驳货船，拉西船tanker for liquefied gas 液化气体船chemical tanker 化学品船miscellaneous tanker各种形式油船ore and oil carrier（O/O）矿油两用船ore and bulk carrier(O/B) 矿、散货两用船ore，bulk and oil carrier(OBO) 矿散货油三用船single-deck ship 单层甲板船multiple-deck ship 多层甲板船gantry crane 桥吊，龙门吊，龙门起重机Crew’s List 船员服务簿Certificate of Nationality 船籍证书Certificate of Seaworthiness 适航证书Certificate of Classification a船舶入级证书Tonnage Certificate 吨位证书Loadline Certificate 载重线证书Refrigerating Machinery Certificate 冷藏机械证书Wireless Certificate 无线电证书Official Log Book 船员日志Ship’s Log 航海日志Engine Room Log 轮机日志Health Certificate 健康证书Ship’s Articles 船员记录本tandem trailer 串列拖车Convention Relating to the International road consignment note (CMR Note) 公路提单the Special Drawing Right (S.D.R) 特别提款权intermodal cargo transport 多式联运pave the way for 为、、铺平道路。
自考物流英语重点(精简中)
物流英语（05362）第一单元-----物流概论（General introduction to logistics)一、试题第一部分：词汇与语法（单项选择）1、Managers mst establish and implement inventory plan on the basis of strategic considerations.(3星）管理者必须在战略考虑的基础上建立和实施库存计划。
四、汉译英1.物流管理的基本概念适用于所有私营企业和公用企业。
（concepts）The basic (基本)concepts（概念）of logistics management are applicable（适用）throughout private（私营）and public （公用）enterprise（企业）activities。
五、英语简答1、How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics?What are they?有多少部门经济活动参与物流?他们是什么? Generally there are eight economic sectors involved in logistics.They are packaging,warehousing,material handling,inventory,transport,forecasting,strategic planning and customer service.第二单元----一个重要因素（An important factor)一、词汇与语法（单项选择题）1、One of the key point in distribution of product is whether it is available where the customer wishes to consume it .(3星）产品配送中的一个关键点是客户希望消费的地方它是否可用。
物流专业英语复习资料.doc
物流专业英语复习资料考试题型：一、选择填空(20 points )二、物流术语(20 points )三、阅读理解(30points, each 3 points )四、英译汉(20points, each 4 points )五、汉译英(10 points, each 2points ) 物流专业英语考试备考1词汇1. 1基本概念术语1.物品article2.物流logistics3.物流活动logistics activity4.物流作业logistics operation5.物流模数logistics modulus6.物流技术logistics technology7.物流成本logistics cost8.物流管理logistics management9.物流中心logistics center10.物流网络logistics network11.物流信息logistics information12.物流企业logistics enterprise13.物流单证logistics documents14.物流联盟logistics alliance15.供应物流supply logistics16.生产物流production logistics17.销售物流distribution logistics18.回收物流returned logistics19.废弃物物流waste material logistics20.绿色物流enviTonmental logistics21.企业物流internal logistics22.社会物流external logistics23.军事物流military logistics24.国际物流international logistics25.第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL)26.定制物流customized logistics27.虚拟物流virtual logistics28.增值物流服务value-added logistics service29.供应链supply chain30.条码bar code31.电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI)32.有形消耗tangible loss33.无形消耗intangible loss奖罚1.运输transportation2.联合运输combined transport3.直达运输through transport4.中转运输transfer transport5.甩挂运输drop and pul 1 transport6.集装运输containerized transport7.集装箱运输container transport& 门到门door-to-door9.整箱货full container load (FCL)10.拼箱货less than container load (LCL 11・储存storing12.保管storage13.物品储存article reserves14.库存inventory15.经常库存cycle stock16.安全库存safety stick17.库存周期inventory cycle time18.前置期(或提前期)lead time19.订货处理周期order cycle time20.货垛goods stack21.堆码stacking22.搬运handing/carrying23.装卸loading and unloading24.单元装強卩unit loading and unloading25.包装package/packaging26.销售包装sales package27.定牌包装packing of nominated brand28.中性包装neutral packing29.运输包装transport package30.托盘包装palletizing31.集装化containerization32.散装化containerization33.直接换装cross docking34.配送distribution35.共同配送joint distribution36.配送中心distribution center37.分拣sorting38.拣选order picking39.集货goods collection40.组配assembly41.流通力口工distribution processing42.冷链cold chain43.检验inspection 奖罚1・仓库warehouse2.库房storehouse3.自动化仓库automatic warehouse4. 4 立体仓库stereoscopic warehouse5.虚拟仓库virtual warehouse6.保税仓库boned warehouse7.出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse8.海关监管货物cargo under customer, s supervision9.冷藏区chill space10.冷冻区freeze space11.控湿储存区humidity controlled space12.温度可控区temperature controlled space13.收货区receiving space14.发货区shipping space15.料棚goods shed16.货场goods yard17.货架goods shelf18.托盘pallet19.叉车fork lift truck20.输送机conveyoT21.自动导引车automatic guided vehicle (AGV)22.箱式车box car23.集装箱container24.换算箱twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU)25.特种货物集装箱specific cargo container26.全集装箱船ful 1 container ship27.铁路集装箱场railway container yard28.公路集装箱中转站inland container depot29.集装箱货运站container freight station (CFS)30.集装箱码头container terminal31.国际铁路联运international through railway transport32.国际多式联运international multimodal transport33.大陆桥运输land bridge transport34.班轮运输linei* transport35.租船运输shipping by chartering36.船务代理shipping agency37.国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent38.理货tally39 国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance40.报关customs declaration41.报关行customs broker42.进出口商品检验commodity inspection奖罚1. 4物流管理术语1.物流战略logistics strategy2.物流战略管理logistics strategy management3・仓库管理warehouse management4.仓库布局warehouse layout5.库存控制inventory control6.经济订货批量economic order quantity (EOQ)7.定量订货方式fixed-quantity system (FQS)8.定期订货方式fixed-quantity system (FIS)9.ABC 分类管理ABC classification10.电子订货系统Electronic order system (EOS)11.准时制just in time (JIT)12.准时制物流just-in-time logistics13.零库存技术zero-inventory logistics14.物流成本管理logistics cost control15.物料需要计划material requirements planning (MRP)16.制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)17.配送需要计划distribution requirements planning (DRP)18.配送资源计划distribution resource planning (DRP II)19.物流资源计划logistics resource planning (LRP)20.企业资源计划enterprise resource planning (ERP)21.供应链管理supply chain management (SCM)22.快速反映Quick response (QR)23.有效客户反映efficient customer response （ECR）24.连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program （CRP）25.计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering （CAO）26.供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory （VMI）27.业务外包outsourcing1.We can define warehousing as that part of a firm^s logistics s ystem that stores products （rawmaterials, parts, goods-in-pro cess, finished goods） at and between point of origin and point o f consumption, and provides information to managementon the sta tus, condition, and disposition of items being stored・1.我们可把仓储定义为公司物流系统的不可分割的一部分，（2分）用以在原产地，消费地或二者之间储存原材料，部件，在制品,产成品（2分）并向管理部门提供有关所储存项目的现状与控制情况等信息.（2分）2.Participants in the channel gain competitive advantage thro ugh improving the overall channel efficiency by reducing risk a nd effectively leveraging the corporate resources of each chan nel member・2.这条链上的参与者通过以降低风险（2分）和链上每一位成员的共同资源的有力支持（2分）来改善整条链的效率从而获得具有竞争力的优势。
物流专业英语词汇
1.课本之内2.Supply chain management (SCM) 供应链管理3.Integrated logistics 综合物流4.Retailer 零售商5.Reverse logistics 逆向物流6.Response logistics 响应物流7.Intensive cost negotiation 强化成本谈判8.Manage bottleneck 管理瓶颈9.Seamless pipeline 无缝流水线10.Order cycle time 订货处理周期11.Minimizing inventory 最小化库存水平12.Strategic advantage 战略优势13.Finance accounting 财务会计14.Carrier 承运商15.High-quality 高质量16.Division of labor 劳动分工17.Scientific management 科学管理18.Manufacturing flexibility 制造业的柔性19.Economic of scale 规模经济20.Lean production 精益生产21.Electronic data interchange (EDI) 电子数据交换系统22.Operation management (OM) 作业管理23.Total quality management (TQM) 全面质量管理24.Motivation theories 动因理论25.Inbound logistics 进场物流26.Warehouse management 仓库管理27.Conversion operation 转换作业28.Demand forecast 需求预测29.Production scheduling 生产调度30.Material handing 物料搬运31.Finished good 产成品32.Gross profit 毛利润 profit 净利润34.Garbage in garbage out 垃圾进入，垃圾出去35.Administrative cost 管理成本36.Placing an order 签署订单37.Budgeting 预算38.Lead time 提前期（前置时间）39.Routine order 日常定购40.Electronic funds transfer 电子资金转账41.Paperless purchasing 无纸化采购42.Internal client 内部客户43.International organization forstandardization (ISO) 国际组织标准化44.Trade intermediaries 贸易中介45.Premium 溢价46.Outsourcing 外部采购47.Tariffs and duties 关税和税收48.Nature of demand 需求特征49.Just-in-time purchasing J IT采购50.Administrative efficiency 管理效率51.Aggregate planning 集料计划52.Shop floor control 车间调度53.Material requirements planning (MRP)物料需求计划54.Machine breakdowns 机器故障55.Optimized production technology (OPT)优化生产技术56.The drum-buffer-rope strategy （DBR）限制驱动式排程法57.JIT-kanban58.CONstant work in process (CONWIP)59.Due dates 到期时间60.Dispatching rules 派遣法则61.First in first out (FIFO) 先进选出62.Shortest processing time (SPT) 最短处理时间63.Earliest due date (EDD) 最是预约优先（最早到日期）64.Minimizing total tardiness 总延迟最不化课本之外1．物流战略logistics strategy2．物流战略管理logistics strategy management3．仓库管理warehouse management4．仓库布局warehouse layout5．库存控制inventory control6．经济订货批量economic order quantity (EOQ)7．定量订货方式fixed-quantity system (FQS)8．定期订货方式fixed-quantity system (FIS)9．ABC分类管理ABC classification10．电子订货系统Electronic order system (EOS)11．准时制just in time (JIT)12．准时制物流just-in-time logistics13．零库存技术zero-inventory logistics14．物流成本管理logistics cost control15．物料需要计划material requirements planning (MRP)16．制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)17．配送需要计划distribution requirements planning (DRP)18．配送资源计划distribution resource planning (DRP II)19．物流资源计划logistics resource planning (LRP)20．企业资源计划enterprise resource planning (ERP)21．供应链管理supply chain management (SCM)22．快速反映Quick response (QR)23．有效客户反映efficient customer response(ECR)24．连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program (CRP) 25．计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering (CAO)26．供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory (VMI)27．业务外包outsourcing28．第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL)29．库存周期inventory cycle time。
常用物流英语专业英语词汇
适用文档常用物流英语专业英语词汇一、常用物流英语50句logisticsisoneofthemostchallengingandexcitingjobsintheworld.现代物流是世界上最富挑战性和最激感人心的工作。
ispartofasupplychain.物流是供给链的整体构成部分。
isanythingbutanewbornbaby.物流不是新鲜事。
isauniqueglobal “pipeline”.物流是独到的全世界通道。
isrelatedtotheeffectiveandefficientflowofmaterialsandinformation.物流所波及的是物料和信息有效、迅速的流动。
文案大全operationandmanagementincludepackaging,warehousing,materialhandling,inventorycontrol, transport,forecasting,strategicplanning,customerservice,etc.物流操作和管理包含包装、仓储、物料搬运、库存控制、运输、展望、战略计划和客户服务等方面。
consistsofwarehousing,transportation,loadingandunloading,handling,carrying,packaging,processing,distributionandlogisticsinformation.物流由仓储、运输、装卸、搬运、包装、加工、配送和物流信息所构成。
maybedividedintosupplylogistics,productionlogistics,distributionlogistics,returnedlogisticsand wastemateriallogistics.物流能够分红供给物流、生产物流、销售物流、回收物流和荒弃物物流。
物流英语
物 流 概 论
Unit 1 General Introduction to Logistics 第一单元
III.重点句子 重点句子
7.Forecasting is to estimate the likelihood of an event taking place in the future,based on available data from the past. 预测是基于过去获得的数据来推测今后可能发生的事件. 8.Strategic planning is planning which focuses on longer range objectives and goals. 战略规划是着眼于更长的目标而制定的计划. 9.Customer service is the set of behaviors that a business undertakes during its interaction with its customer. 客户服务是商家与客户交往时承担的一整套行为.
III.重点句子 重点句子
4.There are 4 distinct types of warehousing available,depending upon load content:for finished goods;for raw material;for consumer fulfillment;and for vendor-managed inventory(VMI). 根据货仓的种类,仓库有四种类型:成品仓库,原材料仓库,待售产品仓库 和销售商管理仓库(VMI). 5.Inventory is a detailed list of all the items in stock. 存货是库存里所有产品的详细清单 6.Transport is the movement of people,goods,signals and information from one place to another. 运输是指将人,货物,信号和信息从一个地方转移到另一个地方.
物流管理英文讲义-文档资料100页
“Expected”
Quadrant I
“Proven”
Quadrant II
“Innovative”
Low
“Differentiated”
Low
GAP
High
Degree to which the practice provides differentiated
profitability or “gap” over non-users
5
Channel Formats
Manufacturer WholesalerDistributor
Customer
Manufacturer Service Providers
Based
“Door to Door”
Retailer Based Buyer Initiated
Third Party Influencers Point of Consumption Catalog & Technology- Merchandising
talent remains a challenge
12
Emerging Issues
Large companies still growing; small/medium companies turn to buying groups
Marketing alliances emerge Integrated supply programs flourish Some segments shift from supply “push”
Low
Need: - Small orders - Low cost Example: - Direct mail-catalog - Warehouse club
物流专业英语考试复习
物资储存storage of goods
消除低下的效率eliminate inefficiency
产品的流转，储存和控制movement,storage,and control of products
和供应相关的活动supply-related activities
A variety of functions多种功能
Across the company从整个公司
Control mechanism控制机制
Flexible planning 灵活的规划
Integration集成整合
Coordination协调
Labor,equipment and space 劳动力，设备和场地
Specialist fuels特种燃料
Heating oil供暖燃油
Food ingredients食品配料
Expertise专门技术，专门知识
Road delivery公路运送
Goods in process进程中的货物
As a buffer against things going wrong作为一种防止事情变坏的缓冲
Customer support 客户支持
Transportation 运输
Movement of people and goods人流和物流
Warehouse management 仓储管理
Purchasing采购
Include ,but not limited to 包括，但又不限于
Manual and powered手动或电动的
Pallet moving trucks 托盘搬运车
物流英语期末复习知识点
物流英语期末复习知识点物流英语期末复习知识点1.How many kinds of ware house do youknow? Please write down the advantages and disadvantages for eachone.-Private warehouse优：More control;The cost of long term storage is lower than the public storage;More flexi bility缺：high risk of investment-Publicw are house优：leased to solve short-term distribution needs;Saving money;缺：Alack of personalized service;Communication problems-Contract warehouse优：Low cost;More cost-effective than private warehouse缺：Oncecontracted,itmustbealong-termutilization2.How many kinds of transportation mode do you know?Please write down the advantages and disadvantages for eachone.-Rail way transportation铁路运输优点：It offers cost-effective transpor to falarge number of car go sover long distance;It is good for car gos with high volumeand low value.缺点：In flexibility of operation-Road transportation公路运输优点：Used for higher-value and lower-volumecar goover relatively short distance;Providing adoor to door service缺点：Fuel consumption;airpollution-Water way transportation水路运输优点：The cheap estmethod of moving goods worldwide缺点：The speed of the shipisvery slow.-Air transportation航空运输优点：It offer srapidand flexible delivery;Saving time缺点：high cost-Pipeline transportation管道运输优点：Pipelinesoperateona24-hourbasis,sevendaysperweek.缺点：The lack of grow thinde mand for the movemen to foil will affect pipelines.3.Please talk about the ways of improving customer service.Improving logistics system to deliver superior customer service;Taking both servicelevel and costintoac count when gaining profits;Identifying customers’needs;Defining customers service objective;Reducing the cost of logistics system4.What is logistics?In Chinese Logistics Terms,logistics means the physical movement of goods from the supplier to the receiver.。
物流管理与工程的英语专业词汇
物流管理与工程的英语专业词汇Logistics management is a crucial aspect of many industries, involving the planning, implementing, and controlling the movement and storage of goods. 物流管理是许多行业的重要组成部分，涉及货物的运输、存储的规划、实施和控制。
In order to effectively manage logistics processes, professionals in this field need to be familiar with a range of specialized vocabulary. 为了有效地管理物流流程，这个领域的专业人员需要熟悉各种专业词汇。
Some key terms that are commonly used in logistics and engineering include supply chain management, inventory control, and transportation planning. 一些在物流和工程中常用的关键词包括供应链管理、库存控制和运输规划。
Supply chain management refers to the coordination of processes involved in the production and distribution of goods. 供应链管理是指涉及货物生产和分配的过程的协调。
Inventory control involves maintaining optimal levels of stock to meet customer demand while minimizing costs. 库存控制涉及保持适当水平的库存，以满足客户需求同时最小化成本。
物流英语专业词汇整理
• Tyre industry
轮胎行业
• Cross-docking
交叉转运、越库配送
• Cross-dock
交叉仓库
• Trans-shipment
转运
U6 Balance sheet
资产负债表
• Work-in-process
在制品
• In-transit inventory
在途库存
• Interest rate
最小存货单位
• Corrugated fiberboard pallet
波纹纸托盘
• Loading bay
进料台
• Scissor lifts
杠杆式升降机
• Dock leveler
月台调整板
• Loading ramps
装卸斜面台
• Dock seal
卸货平台门罩
• Pallet truck
托盘车、码垛车
拉式系统
• Push System
推式系统
• Strategic planning
战略规划
• CDC (Central Distribution Center)
中央配送中心
• RDC (Regional Distribution Center)
区域配送中心
• Holding Cost
持有成本
U2 • 4p: product price place promotion • 6p: political power, public relation
联产品
U5 Goods-in-process
在制品
• Trade-off
交易、平衡
• Long-haul
重庆交通大学交通管理《物流专业英语》复习重点
1.什么是物流：Logistics is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of meeting customer requirements.2.什么是物料流：Material flow is the linking of all processes for the acquiring, processing, matching and distribution of material goods within defined areas.3.什么是运输：Transportation is everything involved in moving either the person or goods from the origin to the destination.4.运输内容：Transportation includes infrastructure, administration, vehicles, and users and can be viewed from various aspects, including engineering, economics, and societal issues.5.运输系统：The transportation system in a developed consists of a network of modes. The system consists of vehicles, guide ways, terminal facilities, and control systems ; these operate according to established procedures and schedules in the air, on land, and on water.6.运输方式：Highways, railways, waterways, flight, pipelines.7.运输要求：Mobility and accessibility8.什么是集装箱：A container is a large standard size metal box conferred flexibility and hardiness which is either made of steel (the most common for maritime containers) or aluminum (particularly for domestic) into which cargo is packed for shipment aboard specially configured oceangoing vessels and designed to be moved with common handling equipment enabling high-speed intermodal transfers in economically large units between ships, railcars, truck chassis, and barges using a minimum of labor.9.集装箱运输标准：20-foot, 40-foot, “Hi-cube” containers.10.集装箱运输优势：a)Standard transport productb)Flexibility of usagec)Managementd)Costse)Speedf)Warehousingg)Security11.什么是库存：Inventory refers to stocks of goods that are maintained for a variety of purposes, such as for resale to others, as well as to support manufacturing or assembling processes. 1.什么是物流:物流是一个过程,规划,实施和控制效率,有效流动和存储的货物、服务及相关信息从起始点到消费的点为目的的满足客户的需求.2.什么是物料流:物流是连接所有进程的获取、处理、匹配和定义区域内物质的分布.3.什么是运输:交通一切参与运动的人或货物从原产地到目的地.4.运输内容:包括基础设施、交通管理、车辆和用户,可以从各个方面,包括工程、经济和社会问题.5.运输系统:发达的交通系统由一个网络模式.该系统由车辆、导轨、终端设备和控制系统组成;这些操作按照既定的程序和时间表在空中、陆地和水面上进行.6.运输方式:公路、铁路、水路、航空、管道.7.运输要求:流动性和可访问性8.什么是集装箱:一个容器是一个大型的标准尺寸金属盒赋予的灵活性和耐寒性是由钢铁(最常见的海上集装箱)或铝(特别是国内),货物装运上船专门配置了远洋船舶设计与常见的装卸设备启用高速联运转移经济大型单位之间的船舶,铁路货车载重汽车底盘,驳船使用最少的劳动.9.集装箱运输标准:20英尺、40英尺,“Hi-cube”容器.10.集装箱运输优势:a)标准运输产品b)使用的灵活性c)管理d)成本e)速度f)仓储g)安全11.什么是库存:库存是指股票的商品维护用于各种目的,如转售给他人,以及支持生产或组装过程,MRO(保养/维修/操作),在制品(半成品)12.库存的种类：Finished goods, raw materials, parts and components, MRO(Maintenance/Repair/Operating), WIP (Work-In-Process)13.库存的分类：a)Cycle(base) stockb)Safety(buffer) inventoryc)Transit inventoryd)Speculative inventorye)Dead inventory14.什么是ABC管理法：A small percentage of the product lines may account for a very large share of the total inventory budget (they are called class A items, or sometimes the vital few). Aside from the class A items, and in the opposite direction, there exists a large percentage of product lines which tend to constitute a much smaller portion of the budget (they are called class C items). The remaining 20% to 30% of the items in the middle are called class B items.15.什么是JIT零库存管理：By producing components "just in time”to be used in the next step of the production process, and by extending this concept throughout the production line so that even the finished goods are delivered just in time to be sold, they obtained substantial reductions in inventories.16.仓库设计原理：It is and appropriate to draw on the operational experience of managers and staff to incorporate their perspective and help produce a design that is technically, financially and operationally.17.仓库设计步骤：a)Define system requirements and constrainsb)Define and obtain datac)Analyze datad)Establish what unit loads will be usede)Postulate basic operations and methodsf)Consider possible equipment tapes for storage and handlingg)Calculate equipment quantitiesh)Calculate staffing levelsi)Prepare possible building and site layouts18.仓库设计考虑因素：Commercial, Financial, Technical19.配送渠道：Logistics channel and Marketing channel20.配送成本：a)Transportation costsb)Storage costsc)The keeping of stocks 12.库存的种类:成品、原材料、零部件和组件,MRO(保养/维修/操作),在制品(半成品)13.库存的分类:a)周期(基地)的股票b)安全库存(缓冲)c)中转存货d)投机性存货e)死库存14.什么是ABC管理法:一小部分产品线可能占总库存预算的很大份额(他们被称为类物品,或者有时至关重要的几个).除了类之外，在相反的方向上，存在很大比例的产品线，它们往往构成预算的更小的一部分(它们被称为类C项目).剩下的20%到30%的项目被称为B 类项目.15.什么是JIT零库存管理:通过生产组件中使用“非常及时”的下一个步骤的制作过程,并通过扩展这个概念在整个生产线,这样即使是成品交付及时销售,他们获得了大幅削减库存.16.仓库设计原理:它是利用和适当的操作经理和员工将他们的观点和经验帮助生产设计技术上,经济上和操作上.17 .仓库设计步骤:a)定义系统需求和约束b)定义和获取数据c)分析数据d)确定将使用哪些单元负载e)假定基本的操作和方法f)考虑存储和处理的可能的设备磁带g)计算设备数量h)计算人员的水平i)准备可能的建筑物和地点布局18.仓库设计考虑因素:商业、金融、技术19所示.配送渠道:物流渠道和营销渠道20.配送成本:a)运输成本b)存储成本c)存货d)The greater the total level of stocks held by a company, the greater the risk of the products stored becoming obsoletee)Costs of production vary between locationsf)Communications and data processing costsg)Stock-outs21.降低配送成本：a)Simplification of the systemb)Reduction of stocksc)Improvements in packagingd)A constant quest must be followed to find more efficient methods of transport, better equipped warehouses, the most cost-effective materials handling systems and documentation. e)As technology changes, distribution systems must be adapted to these changes.22.什么是物料搬运：Materials handling is concerned with moving, storing, and controlling material.23.什么是AGV：An AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle) is a computer-controlled, driverless vehicle used for transporting materials from point to point in a manufacturing setting.24.包装种类：Outer(Shipping) packing and Inner(sale) packing25.Shipping advices:As time of shipment is very important ，it should be appropriately decided. In writing there are usually three ways to express the time of shipment:(1)The shipment is stated with a fixed date, for examples, shipment during January (or January shipment), shipment at or before the end of March, shipment on or before May 15th, shipment during April/May (or April/May shipment).(2) An indefinite date of shipment is stipulated depending on certain conditions such as shipment within 30 days after receipt of L/C, shipment subject to shipping space available, shipment by first available steamer.(3) The shipment is indicated with a date in the near future usually in such terms as immediate shipment, prompt shipment, and shipment as soon as possible, but without unified interpretation as to their definite time limit. It is advisable, therefore, to avoid using these ambiguous terms.26.运输标签标志：Specific marking and labeling is used on export shipping cartons and containers to ;a)Meet shipping regulations ;b)Ensure proper handling ;c)Conceal the identity of the contents ;d)Help receivers identify shipments; ande)Insure compliance with environmental and safety standards.d)公司所持有的股票的总水平越高，被淘汰的产品的风险就越高.e)不同地点的生产成本f)通信和数据处理成本g)缺货21.降低配送成本:a)系统的简化b)减少库存c)改进包装d)需要不断的探索，寻找更有效的运输方法，更好的仓库，最具成本效益的材料处理系统和文件.e)随着技术的变化，分布系统必须适应这些变化.22.什么是物料搬运:物料搬运涉及移动,储存和控制材料.23.什么是自主移动小车:自主移动小车(自动引导车)是一种计算机控制的无人驾驶车辆用于运输材料从点对点制造设置.24.包装种类:外(航运)包装和内部(销售)包装25.装运通知:作为交货时间是非常重要的,它应该是适当的决定.在书面上，通常有三种方式来表达装运时间:(1)装运日期为固定日期，例如，在1月(或1月装运)，在3月底或之前装运，在5月15日装运，在4/5月装运(或4/5月装运).(2)不确定的装船日期取决于某些条件，如在收到信用证后的30天内装运，装运舱位，第一个可用的轮船装运.(3)这批货物在不久的将来通常以即期装运、即期装运和装船为期限，但没有对其确定的期限进行统一的解释.因此，避免使用这些模棱两可的术语是明智的.26.运输标签标志:特定的标记和标签是用于出口海运纸箱和容器;a)满足航运法规;b)确保妥善处理;c)隐藏内容的身份;d)帮助接收器识别货物;e)确保符合环境和安全标准.27.什么是流通加工：Distribution processing is the general term of operations during the process of moving the goods from manufacturing area to the destination, which contains dividing, measuring, sorting, marking, labeling and assembling28.流通加工类型：a)Used for satisfying diversificationb)For the convenience and labor-savingc)Protecting goodsd)Eking out the completeness of productione)Promoting salesf)Improving efficiencyg)Loss reductionh)Joining different transportation modesi)Integrating production and circulationj)Processing for distribution29.供应链内容：Supply chain management comprises planning and processing orders; handling, transporting, and storing all materials purchased, processed, or distributed; and managing inventories in a harmonious, coordinated, and synchronized manner among all the players on the chain to build to order (to fulfil customer orders as they arise) rather than build to stock (to build up stock level to fulfil anticipated future demand).30.什么是MRP：MRP usually means Material Requirement Planning.The material requirements planning (MRP) system provides the user with information about timing (when to order) and quantity (how much to order), generates new orders, and reschedules existing orders as necessary to meet the changing requirements of customers and manufacturing.31.什么是ERP：Watson and Schneider (1999) describe Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) as a generic term for an integrated enterprise computing system. They defuse it as an integrated, customized, packaged software-based system that handles the majority of an enterprise's system requirements in all functional areas such as finance, human resources, manufacturing, sales, and marketing.32.How does an ERP System work？33.ERP系统的优点：a)Easier access to reliable informationb)Elimination of redundant data and operationsc)Reduction of cycle timesd)Increased efficiency, hence reducing costse)Easily adaptable in a changing business environment 27.什么是流通加工:分布处理的一般术语操作过程中商品从生产领域转移到目的地,其中包含分裂,测量、排序、标记、标签和组装28.流通加工类型:a)用于满足多样化b)为了方便和节省劳力c)保护货物d)完成生产的完整性e)促进销售f)提高效率g)损失减少h)加入不同的运输模式i)整合生产和流通j)处理分布29.供应链内容:供应链管理包括规划和处理订单;处理、运输、储存所有购买、加工、销售的物料;并以协调、协调和同步的方式管理存货，使供应链中的所有参与者建立订单(在出现时满足客户订单)而不是建立库存(建立库存水平以满足预期的未来需求).30.什么是MRP:MRP通常意味着物料需求计划.物料需求规划(MRP)系统为用户提供关于时间(何时订购)和数量的信息(订单数量)，生成新订单，并根据需要调整现有订单，以满足客户和生产的不断变化的需求.31.什么是ERP:沃森和施耐德(1999)描述了企业资源计划(ERP)作为一个集成的企业计算系统的通用术语.他们将其作为一个集成的、定制的、打包的基于软件的系统，在所有功能领域，如财务、人力资源、制造、销售和市场营销中，处理大多数企业的系统需求.32.ERP系统是如何工作的呢?33. ERP系统的优点:a)更容易获得可靠的信息b)消除冗余数据和操作c)减少周期时间d)提高效率，从而降低成本e)在变化的商业环境中很容易适应34.什么是3PL：（Third-party logistics (3PL) refers to the outsourcing of transportation, warehousing and other logistics-related activities which were originally performed in-house, to a 3PL service provider.）35.3PL的动机：36.3PL的好处：37.第四方物流：38.绿色物流：When put together the two words suggest an environmentally-friendly and efficient transport and distribution system.39.逆向物流：More precisely, reverse logistics is the process of moving goods from their typical final destination for the purpose of capturing value, or proper disposal.40.什么叫冷链：Cold chain is a temperature-controlled supply chain which addresses critical challenges associated with product freshness, food safety and proper temperature storage and transport throughout the entire delivery cycle especially for agricultural products, frozen food, pharmaceuticals and temperature-sensitive products.41.冷链管理的目标：The goals or objectives of cold chain management are as follows :a)Keep the material in the designated temperature range ;b)Comply with all regulations (GMP一Good Manufacturing Practice, and non-GMP) ;c)Minimize costs, and ;d)Increase efficiency.42.电子商务-Traded Items分类：a)Goods and servicesb)Physical and digital traded itemsc)The degree of productization of traded items43.RFID标签构成：44.RFID 系统各自频率及适用范围a)Low Frequency（125kHz）-Several inches to several feetb)High Frequency（13.56MHz）-Up to several feetc)Ultra High Frequency（860-960MHz）-Greater read distancesd)Microwave（2.45GHz）-Long range45.什么是物联网：The Internet of Things (IoT) is a novel paradigm that is rapidly gaining ground in the scenario of modern wireless telecommunications. 34.什么是第三方物流:第三方物流(3 pl)指的是外包运输、仓储等物流活动最初是在公司内部进行,第三方物流服务提供者).35.3pl的动机:36.3pl的好处:37.第四方物流:38.绿色物流:当这两个词放在一起显示一种环保高效的运输和分配制度.39.逆向物流:更确切地说,逆向物流的过程是将货物从他们的典型的最终目的地获取价值的目的,或适当的处置.40.什么叫冷链:冷链温度控制的供应链,解决关键的挑战与新鲜产品,食品安全和适当的温度储存和运输在整个交付周期特别是农产品、冷冻食品、制药和热敏产品.41.冷链管理的目标:冷链管理的目标或目标如下:a)将材料保持在指定的温度范围内;b)遵守所有规定(GMP一良好生产规范,和non-GMP);c)最小化成本,;d)提高效率.42.电子商务迅速提升项目分类:a)商品和服务b)实物和数字交易项目c)交易项目的产品化程度43.射频识别标签构成:44.RFID系统各自频率及适用范围a)低频(125 khz)几英尺几英寸b)高频(13.56兆赫),比几英尺c)超高频(860 - 960 mhz)更大的阅读距离d)微波(2.45 ghz)的范围45.什么是物联网:物联网(物联网)是一种新型模式,在现代无线的场景迅速取得进展。
物流英语复习
1、The aim of (inventory)management is to minimize the amouneof material in stock .2/(Logistics) is a hot topic in China and the whole world.3/If the ship had sailed along the recommended(route),it would have been able to acoid the heavy weather.4/People generally consider logistics as the (flowing)of goods,it is partly right,but logistics is much more than that.5/Logistics involves the (movement) of goods,but also of people,as well as housing and feeding them6/The foreign company has to (purchase )500 garmentd from China every year7、The meaning of the word”logistics” firstly(originate)from the military.8/The(storge)expenses willbe for your account if you place an order of 100,000 tons ofroll stell at a time.My workshop uses tons a month.9/With the development of modern economy,people become more and more aware of the (impotance) of logistics.10/Whether facilities are owend or rented,the (location)of warehouses is extremely important.1/Transport can be done by sea,air,（and）rail and pipe.2/Mr.wang is an iventory(manager)in a bonded warehouses in Capital Airport.3/Logistics managers pay more attention to inventory at persent,because inventory management can effectively reduce logistics (cost)4/Information is akey to the (success) of logistics strategy.5/Warehousing is not a new (business),but it has gained new functions in modern logistics6/In every company customer service is (source)of information for demand forecasting.7/Every firm,large and small (alike),needs logistics strategic planning for itd development.8/packing is one of the most impotant (activities)which are includede in a logistics system9/(Procurement) ideals with the buying of goods and services that keep the organization functioning.10/Could you five me a brief(analysis)of the present situation in relation to logistics in China?1/General purpose of warehouses is to provide ( safe) environment conditions and a wide range of products.2/Usually warehouses are typically viewed as a (temporary)place to store goods.3/The cost of small(order)becomes expensive to transport.4/Warehousing plays a vital role in providing a (moderate)level of cusiomer service.5/Customer service may be the deciding factor for warehouse site location,(access)to markets can improve its service level/6/Disteeibution center is alarge and highly (sufficient)warehouse designed to receive goods from various plants and suppliers.7/A warehouse can be viewed as a (bridge) between supply and demand.8/IN order to (achieve)the efficiency they may have to hold stock ,but this is not their main role.9/Retailers found it difficult to source in (desired)quantity from a singke supplier.10/After the goods are unloaded from the transportation carrier ,rhey shouldbe (verify)against cargo manifest.1/Managers must establish inplement inventory policies on the basis of (strategic) consideration. 2/When he asopted new stratgy in inventory management, he lowered the cost while (expand)the sales.3/The aim of reducing (inventory) is to make better use of overall assets.4/Inventory refers to (stocks)of anything necessary to do business.5/To make efficient and effective use of the (warehouse)space,you should decide how large your order must be.6/When the stock is near safety stock leverl,materials have to be (reoder).7/Raw materials,goods in process and finished goods all (cause)various forms of inventory.8/Buffer stock is adopted to maintain (balance) in demand or supply.9/The order cost is (decline)with the increase of quantity.10/Inventory makes it possible for each firm to (specialize)in the products that it manufactures.1/I always (confuse)John with his brother ;they are very much alike.2/We re sure to fullill the task ahead of schedule if everyone bears down.3/Many plastic(containers)are disposed of as waste,although they are resuable.4.You’re supposed to keep your car (exterior)in good condition by cleaning it .5/You can schedule a weekend to (discard)some things that perhaps you don’t actually need.6/The idea of a holiday abroad is certainly(appealing)7/That invention is of great commercial (widesperead)8/She is strong enough to (withstand) intellectual challenge.9/In today’s world,trade barriers in international trade are still (significant).10/The case was dismissed because of (insufficient)evidence.1/We ar noe ina position to (reinforce) our own demands to our emplpyers.2/We’ll (dictate) the cease with iron strap.3/These plicies (instill)strong felling of loyalty in P&G employees.4/The smell of food (tempts) the hungry children unto the hut.5/I can’t figure out why he’s been behaving so (oddly)6/Consumers may also (shun) firms that pollute the environment or engage in unethical practices by not buyong their products.7/What is the reaction to the new car in the (marketplace)?8/It is thus clear that the (residual)infuuences of clannishness must not be understiomated .9/From the (standpoint)of success,a good work ehic is no less important than an education .10/More and more public places in the United States (forbid) smoking.1/Transpotation,by moving goods from one place to another place,creates (place utility) for poducts.2/To satisfy customers with special taste, manufactures have to provide (personal)services.3/In the supply chain,(external customers) may contain wholesalers,retailers and end-users.4/There is a great (demand) foreign investment in the western part of China.5/We should make an (analysis) of prouducts,depending on who use them and how they are used.6/We must distribute the products to as many places as possible so that our customers find it (convenient) to get them7/Customer service is considered as the (output)of logistics system.8/The key point in distribution is whether the product is (available)where the customer wishes to consume it .9/One of the basis tasks of a logistics analyst is to dtermine customer(response) to service.10/Generally speaking ,soap can be found in a (retail) shop.1/Once their oreders are accpted ,all customers should be treated equally by receiving (basis service).2/It’s my job to (offest ) cusiomer’s response to logistics service.3/Customer service plays a significant (role ) in the development of all firms.4/A firm may have a customer service department or customer service employees that (handle)complaints,special orders,damage claims,etc.5/The mission of logistics mangement is to plan and (coordinate)all logistics activities to achieve desired level.6/In today’s (competitive) market,fiems find it extremely difficult to create new custoomers.7/You can learn about your customer’s (response)by analyzing inventory information.8/Every company’s ultimate goal is to gain (profit),not sales .9/I think if our warehouses are located in the (proximity)of customers,we can offer better after-sale service.10/Good logistics plan (determine) the cost of warehousing anf transportation of products.1/The river departed from its original course several miles (downstream).2/It now provides a (linkage) to more than 60 home pages of goverment agencies and related organzations.3/we’ll try to work as (procurement) agent on behalf of IBM.4/(Competitiveness) is also about the quality and cretivity of the people .5/He resigned in the face of mounting pressure from the (shareholder).6/We expect to increase (utilization) of the helicopters.7/Hi-tech industry has been driving the (optimization)of the economic structure.8/She would like to be a film actress,but at present she is (modeling)9/The general price level declined by small (margin)10/We have the busiest container port in the world and the busiest international air freight(throughput)1/I think I’ll be all right as soon as the plane gets out of this (turbulence).2/People are much better informed since the (advent ) of television.3/Vendors could charge between $190 and $375 per cumputer,depending on (configuration).4/Every value they created (ultimately) redounded to their boss.5/As your company’s representative, your phone manners should be (impeccable)6/Tax became a powerful policy instrument to tackle monetary(deflation)7/He is a (prominent) scholar in the field of linguistics.8/I would ask you to collaborate) with us in this work.9/We must (accommodate)ourselves to circumstance.10/Her intemperance will (entail) the curse of insanity upon her innocent children.英译汉1、Modern Logisticsis one of the most challenging and exciting jobs in the world .现代物流是全世界最有挑战力同时令人兴奋的工作之一。
物流英语复习
第一课：Supply Chain Management1.供应链定义：…..the integration of key business processes form end user through original suppliers that provides products , services , and information that add value for customers and other stakeholders.(P1)2.供应链的组成：SCM consist of a simplified supply chain network structure , the information and product flows , and the key supply chain business processes penetrating functional silos within the company and the various corporate silos across the supply chain.3.供应链成功战略：The successful supply chain strategies are listed listed as follows:①Market Saturation driven(市场浸透):Focusing on generating high profit margins through strong brands and ubiquitous marketing and distribution.②Operationally Agile（操纵敏捷性）:Configuring assets and operations to react nimbly to emerging consumer trends along lines of product category or geographic region.③Freshness Oriented（新兴产品定位）:Concentrating on earning a premium by providing the consumer with product that is fresher than competitive offerings④Consumer Customizer（客户管理）:Using mass customization to build and maintain close relationships with end consumers through direct sales.⑤Logistics Optimizer（物流优化）:Emphasizing a balance of supply chain efficiency and effectiveness⑥Trade Focused（集中交易）:Prioritizing ” low price , best value ”for the consumer(as with the logistics optimizer strategy but focusing less on brand than on dedicated service to trade customers).4.物流定义：Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans , implements , and controls the efficient , effective flow and storage of goods , services , and related information form the point-of origin to the point-of-consumption in order to meet customers requirements.(P6)5.供应链结构组成：The SCM framework consists of three closely interrelated elements:the supply chain network structure、the supply chain business processes、the SCM components.(P8)第二课：Logistics Management1.物流的概念：is that part of the supply chain process that plans , implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods , services and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption in order to meet customers requirements.2.挑战满足客户需求四大条件：①The internet B2B Economy：a dramatic transformation in the use of the internet for business transactions between companies.②Reverse logistics（反向物流）:the management of returned products to distributors, manufacturers or retails.③Real-time logistics Event Management（实时物流）:the need for accurate and timely management of information in order to maintain on-time deliveries ,reduce inventory levels and ensure that the right product is the right place at the right time.④Technology solutions provide visibility: new logistics event management technologies to gain real-time visibility into logistics operations; ensure a more accurate, efficient and effective flow of goods; Reduce costs and increase customer satisfaction.第三课Ocean Shipping1.船舶类型Ship types:1. General cargo ship: 1) Conventional cargo ship{两用货船} 2)Multi-purpose general cargo ship {多用}3)Specialized dry cargo ship for the carriage of lumber{特殊干货船} 4)Refrigerator ship2. Container ship: 1)Cellular full container ship {隔栅式}2)Semi-container ship{半集装} 3)Roll on/Roll off container ship {滚装}4)Lift on/Lift off container ship {吊式}3. Lash-lighter aboard ship, also termed barge carrying vessel{载驳船}4. Tanker: 1)Oil tanker 2)Tanker for liquefied gas including petroleum gas and natural gas {液化气体船}3)Chemical tanker for the carriage of liquid chemical such as ammonia {化学品船}4)Miscellaneous tanker {各种其他形式船}5. Combined carrier: 1)Ore and oil carrier(O/O){矿-油两用船} 2)Ore and bulk carrier(O/B){矿-散} 3)Ore, bulk and oil carrier(O/O){矿-散货-油}2.海上运输类型：Type of ocean shipping service:1). Liners:①定义：Liners offer shipping space , as common carriers , on ships playing along fixed routes on regular schedule ,principally engaged in carrying general cargo in relatively small shipments and limited volumes .②特点：1）more calls along the route and a saving in time at port for loading and discharging, thus ensuring dispatch and delivery of shipments in good time2) feasibility of sending small installments of cargo instead of bulky shipments3) better technical equipment on board ship to ensure faster and safer sailing.2). Trampers :①定义：Trampers refers to ships playing on waterways without pre-set schedule or fixed routes and sailings normally depend on an availability of cargoes entrusted for carriages.②分类：time charter / voyage charter / demise charter* The Demise charter pay for: 1) Crew’s wages and provisions 2).Ship’s maintenance and stores3)Lubricating oil 4)Fresh water3.船舶证书Ship’s papers:I．主要重要证书包括：1.Certificate of Nationality 2.Certificate of seaworthiness 3.Certificate of Classification 4.Tonnage Certificate 5.Loadline Certificate 6.Rifrigerating Machinery Certificate 7.Wireless CertificateII．Certificate of Nationality: it is usual for the shipbuilder to issue a builder’s certificate giving detailed specifications of the shipIII．Certificate of Seaworthiness: it is imperative that a ship always maintains the technical standards and requirements for safe sailing at sea.IV．Certificate of Classification（船舶入籍证书）: is an indication of the standard of a ship insofar as her structure , technical requirements and equipment are concerned , and since all necessary particulars are to be submitted to the organization concerned when classification of a ship is applied for ,an authentic record will be available of the state of the ship in question.V．Official Log Book(船员日志): An official log must be kept by every sea-going ship and the following matter must be record:1) A statement of conduct, character and the like of every member of the crew2) Every offence committed by a member of the crew, for which prosecution is intended3) Every conviction of a member of the crew and the punishment inflicted4) Every case of illness or injury or death happening to a member of the crew5) Every collision with any other ship and the circumstances leading themVI．Ship’s Articles (船员记录本) :give a description of crew and capacity in which each member serves, length of voyage ,amount of wages, ti me of commencement of voyage and scale of provisions.VII．Ship’s Log(航海日志)：gives a daily record of the activities aboard a ship , either in port or in sailing . including loading and discharge of cargoes , weather conditions, position of ship when on voyage , time of departure and arrival of ship ,quantity of fuel and fresh water carried on board ,steps taken in the event of a casualty, etc.第七课Containerization1. Containerization : it is a system of intermodal cargo transport using standard containers that can be loaded on container ships, freight train wagons ,and trucks.2. Advantages of containerization:1).provide shipper with seagoing strong vans which not only protect shipments from damage and theft but also can be used repeatedly, thus reducing the expense of export packaging.2). containerized traffic is far more efficient than the traditional mode of transportation.3). containerized traffic comprise minimization of losses and simpler packaging.4). containerized traffic will contribute considerably to the substantial saving in the carrier’s overheads, thusrendering it possible for him to fix the fright rate at a more attractive level.3. Disadvantages1) The carriage of containers necessitates specific accommodations in the ship2) The manufacture or purchase of containers involves a considerable sum of money.3) To meet the specific requirements for container ships ,a special type of terminal different from traditionalberths is requires.4.Rules in containerization:Hague Rules(最多每个集装箱$100)Hague-Visby Rules (每单位10000 gold francs or 每公斤30 gold francs 取其高者)Hamburg Rules (每单位12500 gold francs or 每公斤37.5 gold francs 取其高者)第八课Warehousing and Storage1.Basic components of a warehouse: space, equipment ,and people.2.Warehouse functionglity:①consolidation集装: shipment consolidation is an economic benefit of warehouse. With this arrangement, the consolidating warehouse receives and consolidates materials from a number of manufacturing plants destined to a specific customer on a single transportation shipment.②Break bulk and cross-dock拆装、越库：warehouse operations are similar to consolidation except that no storage is performed.③Processing/postponement加工、延期: warehouse can also be used to postpone or delay, production by performing processing and light manufacturing activities.④Stockpiling 储存:the direct economic benefit of this warehouse service is secondary to the fact that seasonal storage is essential to select businesses.第九课Inventory Control1.库存概念：inventory control, otherwise known as stock control , is about how much inventory you have at any one time, and how you keep track of it.2.库存分类：(1). raw materials and components – ready to use in production;(2) .work in progress – inventory of unfinished goods;(3) .finished goods ready for sale;(4) .consumables –for example ,fuel and stationery.3.控制库存的方法：（1）minimum inventory level---you identify a minimum inventory level, and re-order when inventory reaches that level. This is known as the re-order level. (ROL)(2).inventory review(库存检查) ---you have regular reviews of inventory. At every review you place an orderto return inventory to a predetermined level.(3).just in time (JIT) --- this aims to reduce costs by cutting inventory to a minimum. Items are delivered whenthey are needed and used immediately. There is a risk of running out of inventory, so you need to be confident that your supplier can deliver.4.零库存或少库存优点：（1）efficient and flexible .you only have what you need when you need it. (2) .lower inventory and storage costs. (3).you can keep up-to-date and develop new products without wasting inventory.缺点：（1）meeting inventory needs can become complicated and expensive. (2).you might run out of inventory if there is a hitch in the system. (3).you are dependent on the efficiency of your suppliers.5.多库存优点：（1）easy to manage. (2).low management costs. (3). you never run out.缺点：（1）higher inventory, storage and insurance costs. (2).certain goods might perish. (3).inventory may become obsolete before it is used. (4).your capital is tied up.第十四课Bill of Lading1.提单的类型：（1）received for shipment bill of lading.(待装船)(2).shipped or on board bill of lading.（已装船）(3).straight bill of lading （记名）.(4).blank bill of lading or open bill of lading（空白）. (5).order bill of lading（指示）. (6).clean bill of lading.(7)foul bill of lading.（不清洁）2.提单的三个作用：（1）it is a receipt for the goods;(2)it is a document of title ;and in certain cases.(3) It is a written evidence of the terms of the contract of affreightment..3.提单所写的项目：（1）name of shipper.(2)name of consignee.(3)the person or party to be notified at destination.(4)name of carrying vessel.(5)port of loading.(6).port of discharge.(7).place at which freight is to be paid or mode of payment.(8).particulars of cargo carried.(9).date and place of issue.(10).amount of freight and charges.(11).signature of master.In the bill of lading of the china ocean shipping company, china, there are the following statements on the face there of:(I).shipped on board the vessel named above in apparent good order and condition (unless otherwise indicated) the goods or packages specified herein are to be discharged at the above-mentioned port of discharge or as near thereto as the vessel may safely get and be always afloat.(II)The weight, measure, marks, numbers, quality, contents and value, being particulars furnished by the shippers, are not checked by the carrier on loading.Similar statements also appear in almost all bills of lading being used in shipping markets throughout the world.In the printed form of the bill of lading being used by china ocean shipping company, china, there are twenty-five clauses in all. There includes jurisdiction, period of responsibility, responsibilities, immunities, indemnity, deviation and so on.第15课Sea Protest1.定义：Sea protest：Sea protest is a document and sometimes just be called as the note of protest .2.什么时候发出该声明：The note of protest is a declaration by the master ,which gives full particulars of any heavy weather or other accident that may have cause damage to the ship or cargo with the extent unascertainable at the time when protest is noted.If the ship has encountered heavy weather or been involved in an accident on her voyage prior to arrive at the port , it is duty of the master to note sea protest at the first port of call within 24H of her arrival .The sea protest is required to protect the interests of the shipowner , and whenever there is any doubt that damage may have occurred as a result of heavy weather or other events , protest is noted by the master at the first port at which the ship calls .第16课General Average1.定义：A general average act can be established only where an extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is voluntarily and reasonable made or incurred in time of peril for the purpose of preserving the property imperiled in the common adventure.2.基本特征essential feather of G.A.：(1) The common adventure must be in danger.(2)The sacrifice must be voluntary (intentional有意的)(3) The sacrifice or expenditure must be reasonably made or incurred.(4) The sacrifice or expenditure must be extraordinary in its nature and not one which is necessarily involvedand indispensable in performing the contract of carriage.(5) The object of the sacrifice or expenditure should only be the preservation of property endangered in thecommon adventure , not for the safety of either the ship or the cargo alone.(6) The loss must be the direct result or the reasonable consequence of a general average cargo.3.判定原则The principle of adjustment：That which is sacrificed for all is borne in proportion by all interested in the adventures .（All loss which arises in consequence of extraordinary sacrifices made , or expense incurred , for the preservation of ship and cargo comes within generalaverage , and must be borne proportionately by all who are interested .）4.共同海损牺牲：I．Jettison（抛弃）of cargo or ship’s materialsII．V oluntary stranding （自动搁浅）III．Refloating of ship （使再浮起）IV．Damage incurred in extinguishing fire(灭火)V．Ship’s materials and stores or cargo burnt for fuel5.共同海损费用：Port of refuge（避难）expenses 、Crew’s wages and maintenance , fuel and stores.、Discharge , reloading or handling of cargo, fuel and stores on board.、Substituted expenses替代费用(Temporary repairs暂时修理/ Towage拖船费/ Transshipment and forwarding. 转载)、Salvage chargers救援费、Sundries杂七杂八费用(Survey fees / Cables, telexes , trunk calls / Shipowner’s superintendent fees船东管理费/ G.A. disbursement insurance.保险费)6.共同海损分摊：①船：Sound market value at the time and place of termination of voyage, less the amount of loss or damagethrough causes other than general average ; or actual net value at the time and place of termination of voyage , plus the amount made good in general average.②货:CIF value ,less freight at the risk of the shipowner and the amount of loss or damage unconnected withgeneral average.③运费:Amount of freight at the risk of the shipowner ,less the expenses for earning it , such as port chargesand crew’s wages ,w hich would not have been incurred had the ship been lost at the time of the general act.第18课Letter of Credit1.信用证的定义：A letter of credit is basically a document issued by a bank guaranteeing a client’s ability to pay for goods or services.2.信用证的种类：1).可撤销信用证Revocable Letter of Credit 2)不可撤销信用证Irrevocable Letter of Credit3)可转让信用证Transferable Letter of Credit 4).保兑信用证Confirmed Letter of Credit5).不保兑信用证Unconfirmed Letter of Credit 6).背对背信用证Back-to-back Letter of Credit7).备用信用证Standby Letter of Credit 8).现金信用证Cash advance against Letter of Credit.3.买卖双方的好处：Benefits of Sellers:(1)Assures the security of payment from an international bank once the terms of the letter of credit are met. (2)Seller can determine when payment will be satisfied and ship the goods accordingly.(3)Bank bears the responsibility of oversight. (4).Sellers does not have to open an account and grant payment terms to buyer. Credit risk is nearly eliminated. The risk of exchange control created with payment delays is greatly reduced. (5)Provides seller easier access to financing once the letter of credit has been issued. (6)Once the bank confirms the letter of credit, political and economic risk and questions regarding the buyer’s ability to pay are eliminated. The confirming bank is obliged to pay, even if the buyer goes bankrupt, provide the terms of the letter of credit are met.Benefits of Buyers: (1).Facilitates financing—for example, creating banker’s acceptances.(2)Buyer can confirm that the merchandise is shipped on or before the required date. (3)It is safer to deal with bank than to prepay. (4)Buyer may get better terms and prices. (5)No cash is tied up in the process. Buyer does not have to pay cash up front to a foreign seller before receiving the documents of title to the goods purchased. This is particularly helpful when buyer is unfamiliar with local suppliers and laws. (6).Protects the buyer since the bank only pays when the supplier complies with the specific terms and conditions and produces the documents required by the buyer. (7)The buyer can build safeguards into the letter of credit, including inspection of the goods and quality control, and set production and delivery times.第十九课Letter of Indemnity1.定义：A Letter of Indemnity is a letter guaranteeing that contractual provisions will be met: otherwise financial reparations will be made. And it’s a letter requesting replacements for lost shares from a company’s treasury. The principal behind a letter of indemnity is the guarantee that losses will not be suffered, should certain provisions of a contract not be met.A Letter of Indemnity is a document which the writer issues to another party agreeing to protect them from liability for the performance of certain acts.（1）In the case of international transportation when a negotiable bill of lading has been issued but is not available for surrender to the carrier when it is desired to take delivery of the shipment, a bank may issue a letter of indemnity to the cattier to release the cargo. (A Letter of Guarantee may also be used). The bank will usually obtain a similar letter from its client to protect itself against the liability it assumes on behalf of the client.（2）On export shipments, some carriers may permit shippers to issue letters of indemnity to the carriers in order to secure from them clean bills of lading in place of foul ones, or to replace lost original bills of lading.第二十一课Cargo（Marine）Insurance Policy1.三个基本险：（standard cargo insurance-three basic policies）1. Institute cargo clauses (All Risks)一切险2. With（Particular）Average {W.(P).A}水渍险3. Institute cargo clause (Free of particular Average, 即F.P.A )平安险(详见202页)2.保单的原则1. Utmost good faith 2.Indemnity3. Insurable interest3.租船的定义：The charter party ,as distinct from the bill of lading，is an instrument signed between the shipowner and charterer on terms and conditions mutually agreed upon .第二十二课Charter Party1.三种租赁方式：1. Charter by Demise2.Time charter (not by way of demise)3.Voyage charter2.三种方式的概念：Demise Charter is one under which the shipowner leaves the possession and control of the ship to the charter for a specified period of time as mutually agreed upon.Time Charter is one under which the shipowner places the services of a ship at the disposal of the charter for a specified period time , or rather hire out to the charter the entire shipping space of a ship or a substantial part there of for the carriage.V oyage charter is one which, as distinct from a time-charter ,is contracted for the carriage of specified goods on a defined voyage between two or more named ports or for a round or a series of defined voyage within a specified zone.区别：1).Charter by Demise：The charterer responsible for the ship and any damage caused by her to other ships or property .The shipowner，being out of possession，has no lien for the freight due under the charter，but he is not liable towards shippers .2)Time Charter：A time charter is for a fixed period time .The shipowner remains in possession of her with all the important legal consequences that flow there from .3)V oyage charter：A voyage charter is between two or more named ports or for a entire space of the ship is taken up by the charterer for his exclusive use during the contracted voyage or voyages .。
物流英语课文内容精讲笔记
物流英语课文内容精讲笔记第一章：物流概念与体系1.1 物流定义•物流是指商品从生产者到消费者全过程中的管理、运输和仓储活动的有组织的流动过程。
1.2 物流体系•物流体系主要包括供应链管理、仓储管理、运输管理等各个环节，通过有效管理和协调，实现产品的高效流通。
第二章：物流英语基础词汇2.1 重要词汇•Freight（运费） - 货物运输过程中的费用•Inventory（库存） - 企业储备的物资•Distribution（配送） - 将商品送达消费者手中的过程•Supply chain（供应链） - 由生产商、分销商和零售商组成的供货链条2.2 常用短语•Lead time（交货期） - 客户订购商品后，交货的时间•Just-in-time（准时生产） - 在需要时生产，减少库存浪费•Out of stock（缺货） - 没有现货可供销售第三章：物流管理实践3.1 供应链管理•供应链管理是全球物流领域的重要趋势，通过优化供应链，提高效率和降低成本。
3.2 仓储管理•有效的仓储管理可以降低库存成本，保证货物安全存储并提高物流效率。
3.3 运输管理•运输管理包括货物运输方式的选择和运输过程中的跟踪管理，确保货物快速、准时送达目的地。
第四章：物流行业发展趋势4.1 科技创新•物流行业越来越依赖科技，如物联网技术、无人机配送等，提高效率和降低成本。
4.2 环保可持续发展•物流行业应关注环保问题，减少碳排放，推动可持续发展。
4.3 国际化合作•跨国物流合作将更加紧密，加强国际间货物流通和信息交流。
通过对以上内容的学习，我们可以更好地理解物流领域的英语知识，并在实践中运用，提升物流工作效率和质量。
物流英语总复习——词汇选择
总复习~词汇选择1: 物流技术Logistics activityLogistics operationLogistics modulusLogistics technology2: 物流网络Logistics networkLogistics centerLogistics costLogistics management3: 物流单证Logistics informationLogistics enterpriseLogistics documentLogistics alliance4: 销售物流Supply logisticsProduction logisticsDistribution logisticsReturned logistics5: 企业物流Internal logisticsExternal logisticsMilitary logisticsInternational logistics6：定制物流Environmental logisticsCustomized logisticsVirtual logisticsThird part logistics7：电子数据交换Electronic data interchangeValue-added logistics serviceTangible lossIntangible loss8：运输TransportationConsumptionProductionContainerization9：联合运输Combined transportThrough transportTransfer transportDrop and pull transport10：门到场Door to doorDoor to cyDoor to cfsTerminal to terminal11：库存StorageStackingInventory12: 库存周期Inventory cycle timeCycle stockLead timeOrder cycle time13: 堆码Goods stackStackingHandling/carryingLoading and unloading14：中性包装Sales packagePacking of nominated brand Neutral packingTransport package15：散装化ContainerizationIn bulkCross dockingDistribution16：共同配送DistributionJoint distribution Distribution center Distribution processing17：集货Order pickingGoods collectionAssemblySorting18：出口监管仓库Export supervised warehouse Stereoscopic warehouse Virtual warehouseBoned warehouse19: 冷冻区Chill spaceFreeze spaceReceiving spaceShipping space20：货场Goods shedGoods yardGoods shelfPallet21：叉车Folk lift truckAutomatics guided vehicleConveyor22: 集装箱货运站Railway container yardContainer freight station (CFS) Container terminalInland container depot23：班轮运输International through railway transport International multimodal transportLand bridge transportLiner transport24：船务代理Shipping agencyInternational freight forwarding agentTallyInternational transportation cargo insurance 25：报关Customs declarationCustoms brokerCommodity inspectionInventory control26：物流战略Logistics strategyWarehouse managementWarehouse layoutQuick Response (QR)27: 定期订货方式Economic Order Quantity (FOQ)Fixed Quantity System (FQS)Fixed Interval System (FIS)ABC classification28: 制造资源计划Material Requirement Planning (MRP) Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Distribution Resource Planning (DRP) 29：物流成本管理Electronic Order System (EOS)Just-in-time logisticsZero-inventory logisticsLogistics cost control30：供应链管理Supply chainSupply Chain Management (SCM) Efficient Customer Response (ECR) Continuous Replenishment Program (CRP) 31: 业务外包Computer Assisted Ordering (CAO) Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) OutsourcingAccuracy audit32：附加价值Accounting costActual weightAdded valueMore value33: 应用供应商After-sales servicesAggregate shipmentAir pollutionApplication Service Provider (ASP)34：资源回收Asset recoveryAir freightAutomated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) Automated warehouse35: 回程BackwardationBack haulAvailable vehicle capacityAutomated Vehicle Identification (AVI)36: 条形码扫描机Bar code labelBar code scannerBi-directional readBay37：批号Base stockBatch numberBear marketBull market38：托运单Belt conveyorBill of Lading (B/L)Bill of Material (BOM)Broken carton39: 散装运送业BrokerBulk carrierBulk containerClosed distribution system40：业务流程重组Business process re-engineering (BPR) Cancellation chargeCargoCargo booking41: 集中采购Cargo inspectionCash discountCentralized dispatchingCentralized procurement42：分销渠道Check inChannel of distributionChief Logistics Officer (CLO)Claim43：联合采购Cost controlConsumer physical distribution Cooperative buyingCubed out44：客户关系管理Customer serviceCraneCustomer Relationship Management (CRM) Deadhead45：分货中心Data warehousingDeclining conveyorDe-consolidation centerDelivery terminal46：全球定位系统Decision support system (DSS)Executive Support System (ESS) Geographic Information System (GIS)Global Positioning System (GPS)47: 需求预测Design for logisticsDepalletizerDemand forecastingEconomic stock48：国内物流Domestic intercity truckingDomestic logisticsDirect distributionDirect store delivery49: 双托盘处理Dispatching areaDouble floor stackingDouble pallets handlingDouble pallet jack50：独家分销DutyElectronic clearanceExclusive distributionExport51: 产品说明标签Fact tagHot tagFactory priceFixed rack52：搬家公司Flatbed trailerFleetFurniture removal carriers53: 集成物流Industrial Engineering (IE)Global logisticsIntegrated logisticsLogistician54：手提扫描仪Bar code scannerHandheld scannerLaser scannerOptical scanner55: 共同配送Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) Interchange terminalInventory controlJoint distribution56：标签机FirewallKanban systemMarking machineLabel making machine57: 物流管理Knowledge managementLogistics managementLogistics engineeringCold chain58：市场导向Loose packageMake to orderMarket orientationMarket share59: 多层仓库Material handling equipment MiddlewareMulti-story warehouseDouble floor stacking60：牌照Noise pollutionNumber plateOn seasonPackage61：处理中心Open DataBase Connectivity （ODBC）Order processingOrder Point System （OPS）Process center62：质量控制OverloadQuality controlProcurementQuarantine63：零售Regional distribution center Retail sellingWholesaling64：供应链Safety stockRackSealing machineSupply chain65: 真空包装Tank containerTemporary laborVacuum packagingVoice recognition66：物流作业Logistics operation Logistics technology Logistics activity Logistician68: 社会物流Internal logisticsExternal logistics International logistics Global logistics69：搬运StackingTrimmingHandling/carrying Loading and unloading70：定牌包装Sales packageTransport packagePacking of nominated brand Neutral packing71：直达运输Combined transport Through transport Transfer transportDrop and pull transport72：物流联盟Logistics networkLogistics enterprise Logistics documents Logistics alliance74：无形损耗Tangible lossIntangible lossWaste materialScrap disposal75：保税仓库Stereoscopic warehouse Virtual warehouseBoned warehouseExported supervised warehouse 76：零担运输In bulkFull Container Load （FCL）Less-than Container Load （LCL）Less-than Truck Load （LTL）77: 转运站GatewayDelivery terminalContainer freight station (CFS) Depot78：收货区Chill spaceFreeze spaceHumidity control space Receiving space79: 清关Customs declarationCustoms clearanceCustomer serviceCustoms formality80：企业资源计划MRPMRPⅡERPDPR81：经济订货批量Fixed Quantity System (FQS) Fixed Interval System (FIS)Fixed goods stackEconomic Order Quantity (EOQ) 83：运费、保险费付至目的地DESCIFCIPDDU84: 货交承运人FCADAFDESCFR85: 欧盟机械产品安全标志ASCEULCSA86：销售确认书S/CS/OPOSSCM87：进货清点Check inCheck outCargo inspection Quarantine88: 物品用料清单BOMB/LD/OHAWB90：售后服务Customer serviceAfter-sales service Parts serviceAfter market service 91: 物流模数Logistics mode Logistics movement Logistics modulus Logistics motion93：回收物流Waste material logistics Returned logistics Recycle logistics Recycling96：虚拟物流Information logistics Virtual logisticsImage logisticsNon-material logistics 97: 集装运输Container transport Containerized transport Combined transport Condition transport98：经常库存Current inventoryCycle stockCycle inventory Regular stock100：自动化仓库Automatic warehouse Automated warehouse Automation warehouse Auto warehouse101: 输送机BeltBelt machine ConveyorTransport belt machine 102：集装箱码头Container yardContainer placeContainer pierContainer terminal103：集装箱货运站Container cargo stationContainer goods stationContainer freight stationContainer station104：国际货运代理International transport agency International agentInternational freight forwarding agent International tally105：决策支持系统Decision support systemDecision supply systemDecision supply management Executive support system106：防火墙Wall to stop fireElectronic wall to stop fireComputer protection systemFirewall107: 联运站Interchange terminalCombined terminalThrough transport terminal Interchange station109：起重机Fork liftCraneLift machineLift weight machine110：零库存技术Zero inventoryZero-inventory logisticsZero-inventory technologyZero-inventory control111: 分拣SeparatingSeparating processSortSorting112：装卸Load and unloadLoading and unloadingPut on and offMove in and out114：自动数据采集ADC automatic data collection115: 自动化存取系统ASRS116: 顾客、竞争、变化3C117: 一般原产地证书CAO certificate of origin118: 完税后交货价DDP119: 目的港船上交货价DES delivery EX ship120：站场收据D/R dock receipt121：整箱FCL full container load122：文件传输协议FTP file transfer protocol123：全球运输网GTN global transport net124: 因特网内容提供商ICP internet content provider125：零担运输LTL less-than truck load126: 多式联运单据MTD multimodal transport document127: 便携式数据终端设备PDT portable data terminal128: 装货单S/O shipping order129：增殖物流服务VAL value added logistics130：海运提单Ocean bill of lading131: 物权凭证Document of titleT h e e n d基本概念术语1．物品article 2．物流logistics 3．物流活动logistics activity 4．物流作业logistics operation 5．物流模数logistics modulus 6．物流技术logistics technology 7．物流成本logistics cost 8．物流管理logistics management 9．物流中心logistics center 10．物流网络logistics network 11．物流信息logistics information 12．物流企业logistics enterprise 13．物流单证logistics documents 14．物流联盟logistics alliance 15．供应物流supply logistics 16．生产物流production logistics 17．销售物流distribution logistics 18．回收物流returned logistics 19．废弃物物流waste material logistics 20．绿色物流environmental logistics 21．企业物流internal logistics 22．社会物流external logistics 23．军事物流military logistics 24．国际物流international logistics 25．第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL) 26．定制物流customized logistics 27．虚拟物流virtual logistics 28．增值物流服务value-added logistics service 29．供应链supply chain 30．条码bar code 31．电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI) 32．有形消耗tangible loss 33．无形消耗intangible loss物流作业术语1．运输transportation 2．联合运输combined transport 3．直达运输through transport 4．中转运输transfer transport 5．甩挂运输drop and pull transport 6．集装运输containerized transport 7．集装箱运输container transport 8．门到门door-to-door 9．整箱货full container load (FCL) 10．拼箱货less than container load (LCL 11．储存storing 12．保管storage 13．物品储存article reserves 14．库存inventory 15．经常库存cycle stock 16．安全库存safety stick 17．库存周期inventory cycle time 18．前置期（或提前期）lead time 19．订货处理周期order cycle time 20．货垛goods stack 21．堆码stacking 22．搬运handing/carrying 23．装卸loading and unloading 24．单元装卸unit loading and unloading 25．包装package/packaging 26．销售包装sales package 27．定牌包装packing of nominated brand 28．中性包装neutral packing 29．运输包装transport package 30．托盘包装palletizing 31．集装化containerization 32．散装化containerization 33．直接换装cross docking 34．配送distribution 35．共同配送joint distribution 36．配送中心distribution center 37．分拣sorting 38．拣选order picking 39．集货goods collection 40．组配assembly 41．流通加工distribution processing 42．冷链cold chain 43．检验inspection物流技术装备及设施术语1．仓库 warehouse 2．库房 storehouse 3．自动化仓库 automatic warehouse 4． 4立体仓库 stereoscopic warehouse 5．虚拟仓库 virtual warehouse 6．保税仓库 boned warehouse 7．出口监管仓库 export supervised warehouse 8．海关监管货物 cargo under customer’s supervision 9．冷藏区 chill space 10．冷冻区 freeze space 11．控湿储存区 humidity controlled space 12．温度可控区 temperature controlled space 13．收货区 receiving space 14．发货区 shipping space 15．料棚 goods shed 16．货场 goods yard 17．货架 goods shelf 18．托盘 pallet 19．叉车 fork lift truck 20．输送机 conveyor 21．自动导引车 automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 22．箱式车 box car 23．集装箱 container 24．换算箱 twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU) 25．特种货物集装箱 specific cargo container 26．全集装箱船 full container ship 27．铁路集装箱场 railway container yard 28．公路集装箱中转站 inland container depot 29．集装箱货运站 container freight station (CFS) 30．集装箱码头 container terminal 31．国际铁路联运 international through railway transport 32．国际多式联运 international multimodal transport 33．大陆桥运输 land bridge transport 34．班轮运输 liner transport 35．租船运输 shipping by chartering 36．船务代理 shipping agency 37．国际货运代理 international freight forwarding agent 38．理货 tally 39．国际货物运输保险 international transportation cargo insurance 40．报关 customs declaration 41．报关行 customs broker 42．进出口商品检验 commodity inspection物流管理术语1．物流战略 logistics strategy 2．物流战略管理 logistics strategy management 3．仓库管理 warehouse management 4．仓库布局 warehouse layout 5．库存控制 inventory control 6．经济订货批量 economic order quantity (EOQ) 7．定量订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FQS) 8．定期订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FIS) 9． ABC分类管理 ABC classification 10．电子订货系统 Electronic order system (EOS) 11．准时制 just in time (JIT) 12．准时制物流 just-in-time logistics 13．零库存技术 zero-inventory logistics 14．物流成本管理 logistics cost control 15．物料需要计划 material requirements planning (MRP) 16．制造资源计划 manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) 17．配送需要计划 distribution requirements planning (DRP) 18．配送资源计划 distribution resource planning (DRP II) 19．物流资源计划 logistics resource planning (LRP) 20．企业资源计划 enterprise resource planning (ERP) 21．供应链管理 supply chain management (SCM) 22．快速反映 Quick response (QR) 23．有效客户反映 efficient customer response(ECR) 24．连续库存补充计划 continuous replenishment program (CRP) 25．计算机付诸订货系统 computer assisted ordering (CAO) 26．供应商管理库存 vendor managed inventory (VMI) 27．业务外包 outsourcing。
110112-物流英语
《物流英语》综合复习资料一、单项选择1. Logistics is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of ____________customer requirements.A. meetB. fulfillC. meetingD. satisfy2. People tend to ______logistics ____the flow of goods, yes , it is partly right, but logistics is much more than that.A. refer asB. prefer toC. view withD. viewing as3. Road transportation is capable of providing a______________ service without any break in the journey to change from one vehicle to another.A.port to portB. end to endC. long distanceD. door to door4. ________________________is one of the most energy efficient modes of land transport.A. road transportB. water transportC. rail transportD. air transport5. Main purpose of distribution centers is to maximize _____________.A. costB. profitC.storageD. throughput6. Although variable slot location system can achieve more efficient space utilization, it requires advanced _____________________to keep track with the product locations.A. technologyB. information systemC.skillD. management7. The JIT approach seeks to minimize inventory by reducing _______stock, as well as by having the required amount of materials arrive at the production location at the exact time that they are needed.A .safety B. cycle C. transit D. speculative8. The adoption of VMI helps distributor and retailer to reduced __________and achieve higher inventory turnover.A .waste B. risk C. cost D. stock-out9. Adequate ______ or (labeling) is an essential component of the package.A .marking B. protection C. package D. communication10. LIS can be used to ______transportation management, warehouse management, and operations planning and scheduling, etc.A .carry outB .practice C. implement D. support11. Demand forecasting refers to efforts to estimate product demand in a ______time period.A . long B. short C. future D. long-term12. Transportation refer to the physical movement of goods from point of _______to point of__________.A . start end B. market manufacture C. origin consumption D. here there13. ________________ is usually considered as the cleanest among all transportation modes.A . road transport B. water transport C. rail transport D. air transport14. Air transportation is perceived as ___________ compared to the charges of land and ocean freight.A . cheap B. fast C. expensive D. reliability15. Bulk cargo refers to freight, both dry or liquid, that is_______________, such as minerals (oil, coal, iron ore) and grains.A . weight B. packaged C. seal D. not packaged16. Break-bulk cargo refers to general cargo that has been ______________in some ways with the use of bags, boxes or drums.A . weight B. packaged C. seal D. not packaged17. Warehousing can be defined as the part of logistics systems that store products (raw materials, parts, goods-in-process, finished goods…) at and between points of ______to points of____________.A . start end B. market manufacture C. origin consumption D. here there18. Distribution centers emphasize the ____________movement of products through a facility.A . slow B. rapid C. large D. short- distance19. The increase of transit time for these inventories would lead to an_________ in the size of the transit inventory.A . decrease B. need C. increase D. reduction20. Because dead inventory increases inventory carrying cost, reduces inventory turnover and takes up space in warehousing facility, companies should __________the size of dead inventory.A . reduce B. increase C. maximize D. minimize21. _____________________can be removed from the product without affecting its characteristics.A . sale packaging B. grouped packagingC. transport packagingD. protect packaging22. ______________packaging (or under packaging) can lead to spillages and result in major losses and serious damage.A . sale B. defective C. strong D. adequate23. Advanced Technologies refer to technologies that ________ decision-making capabilities for transportation management, warehouse management, and demand forecasting and planning among others.A .enhance B. make C. implement D. carry out24. As a computer processes the documents in EDI , there is also______ chance of human error.A . many B. much C. less D. little25. Bulk containers are _______containers designed for bulk material handling, such as grain and cement.A . bigger B. heavy duty C. non packaged D. standard26. A tank container is used for the transportation of a wide variety of _______cargoes.A . bulk B. solid C. tangible D. liquid27. A bill of lading is used for sea shipment and is a certificate of _________ of goods.A . mark B. possess C. ownership D. holding28. A letter of credit gives the seller reassurance that he will ______the payment for the goods.A . receive B. pay C. got D. possess29. A 3PL provider, who has long been operating in that country, will be better able to ________the logistics operations.A . carry out B. possess C. complete D. hold30. By outsourcing all these, corporations may focus on their _____________and on improving cycle time and delivery performance, thereby increasing customer satisfaction.A . mark B. competency C. ownership D. market二、判断对错1. There are a variety of definition about the term “logistics”, each have slightly different meaning.2. Logistics involves the flow and storage of “goods, services, and related information”.3. Bulk carriers are generally very big.4. Exchange of information among different companies can result in faster order placement, quicker delivery, and greater accountability throughout the logistics process.5. Good customer service is to make sure that the right person receive the right product with the right quantity at the right place at the right time in the right condition ,even the cost is very high.6. Bulk commodities, such as coal can not be transported by pipeline.7. Liner services is commonly used to carry general cargo in relatively small shipments and limited volumes.8. Distribution centers emphasizes the storage of product and their primary purpose is to maximize usage of available storage space.9. Contract warehousing also tends to be more cost-effective than private warehousing with almost the same degree of control, because key specifications can be included in the contract.10. A warehouse with huge amount of seasonal products should use fix slot location system.11. Its generally cheaper to build up than build out.12. Goods that have been shipped out and on their way to a company’s warehouse is not counted as inventory.13. “A”items approximately represent 80 percent of total inventory costs.14.A cardboard containing 20 boxes of cigarettes is regarded as grouped packaging.15. A variety of LIS has been designed and implemented for different logistics activities.16. Companies that use EDI for communication and transaction have to make sure that the documents used by both parties are in the same format.17. Bulk container are designed for transportation of seafood, fruits, as well as photographic film, plants, delicate machine, and pharmaceuticals.18. Container is a great innovation in 20th century and is used firstly in commercial trade transportation.19. A bill of lading can only be used for sea shipment.20. Air waybill can present ownership of shipment.21. Air waybill is not a negotiable document and the shipper lose ownership of the goods after handing it over to the airline.22. A Certificate of Origin is a signed statement issued by the country of origin where the product is shipped out.23. “Green”procurement requires a company or organization to carry out an assessment of the environmental consequences of a product at all the various stages of its lifecycle.三、术语翻译物流物流管理客户服务公路运输私人仓库四、英译汉1. For example, if a company promises that all orders will be shipped within 24 hours of receipt, what percentage of orders are actually shipped within 24 hours of receipt?2.We should keep in mind that one logistics system does not fit all companies. The number of activities in a logistics system can vary from company to company.3.Air transport is mainly for goods that are valuable, such as watches, gold, electrical components, or perishable such as flowers, meats or lightweight product such as mails.4.But more recently, contract warehousing (also referred to as third-party warehousing) has emerged as another warehousing alternative.5.Logistics contract normally refers to the agreement concluded by two parties and enforced by law, according to the clauses of contract, both parties promise to provide or accept particular logistics service.6. The JIT approach views inventories as waste, therefore, has to be keep to the lowest level, if it can’t not be totally eliminated.7. Such inf ormation includes: product brand names and descriptions; manufacturer’s name and address; quantity; use-by dates; directions for use; storage and disposal; and cautionary or emergency information.8. Processing a paper-based order can cost up 70 US dollars (USD), whereas using EDI costs 1 USD or less.《物流英语》综合复习资料答案一、单项选择二、判断对错三、术语翻译logisticslogistics managementcustomer serviceroad transportationprivate warehouse四、英译汉1.参考答案：例如，如果公司承诺所有订单在24小时内发货，那么24小时内实际发货的订单的比例到底是多少？2.参考答案：我们应该记住一个物流系统不能适应所有的企业。
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专有名词物流：logistics 现代物流：modern logistics运输：transportation仓储：warehouse 存储：inventory 储藏：storage包装：packaging 包裹：package配送：distribution 递送：delivery流通加工：distribution processing装卸：搬运：物流信息：logistics information市场：marketplace 营销：marketing 供应商：supplier\ 外部供应商：outside supplier制造商：manufact urer 批发商：wholesaler 零售商：retailer|retail dealer条码：bar code产品质量：goods quality 产成品：finished product 在制品：work-in-process成本分配：cost allocation 净重：Net weight 毛重：gross weight 温室气体：greenhouse gases 客服代表：customer representative 以数字技术为基础的：data-based 立方米：cubic metreJIT:零库存UPC：universal product code 通用商品代码D/A：承兑汇票Documents against acceptance D/P：付款交单Documents against Payment IMP:进口EXP:出口CNY：人民币元TEU:标准集装箱（twenty-foot equivalent unit）UPS:不间断电源（uninterrupted power supply）或联合包裹服务（United Parcel Service）Prior to.... 先于..... deregulation 规范化操作Integrate with 使...相结合、整合Customized 个性化的、客户定制的As such =also=likewise 同样Greenhouse gases 温室气体Procurement 采购Noise 噪音Trade-off 平衡Versus 与....相对Know-how 技巧Expertise 专业运输方式成本比较海运<铁路<公路<航空Information technology 信息技术JIT 即使供应、准时制Universal product code (UPC) 通用商品代码Documents against acceptance (DA) 承兑交单Documents against payment(DP ) 付款交单Import 进口Export 出口CNY 人民币信用证letter of credit净重net weight 毛重gross weight客服代表customer service representative (CSR)UPS 联合包裹服务(United Parcel Service)Digital-based 数字基础Shipment 装货、装载的货物Recipient 容器fragile 易碎的TED （standard container）标准集装箱Inventory 库存Distributer 分销商IMP企业信息化管理平台（information Management Plat)LC 发射控制（Launch ControlClipboard 剪贴板句子[1] Logistics is a unique global “pipeline”.在修辞学中有一种修辞手法是比喻，用于比较两种事物或人的相同点。
比喻分为两类：明喻和暗喻。
明喻称被比喻的物体“像某个事物”，用like表示，暗喻称某个事物“是另一个事物”。
如：明喻：Steve Morris looks like a wonder boy .暗喻：Steve Morris is a wonder.全句译为：物流是一个独特的“管道”。
[2] Coming into being with the advent of civilization , logistics is anything but a new-born baby. 全句译为：文明伊始，物流就已经存在，因而不是新鲜事。
[3]…when it comes to modern logistics ,most professionals in the business consider it one of the most challenging and exciting jobs ,invisible as it is .invisible as it is: 这是一个倒装句。
表示尽管…。
“as”前面可加动词或形容词。
例如：Child as he is, he makes a living on his own. 尽管他还是小孩，他已经自己谋生了。
Difficult as it is, we still encourage each other. 尽管很困难，我们仍然互相鼓励。
全句译为：说到现代物流，业内专业人士认为，尽管看不见摸不着，却是最富有挑战性和最激动人心的工作。
[4] Modern logistics is related to the effective and efficient flow of materials and information that are of vital importance to customers and clients in various sections of the economic society.全句译为：现代物流关系到货物流和信息流的有效性和高效率,对于经济社会各个消费者和中间商，货物流和信息流是非常重要的。
[1] Perhaps a given product is something that no one else can match in terms of price.全句译为：就价格来说，某个产品也许没有任何能与之比拟的其他产品。
[2] While new product development has logistics implication, the key advantage provided by logistics--is product availability in the marketplace at low cost.全句译为：而新产品开发同时具有物流的含义，物流提供的关键优势是--市场上供货成本低的产品。
[6] Time measures how long a customer has to wait in order to receive a given product or service. 全句译为：时间是测量顾客要等多久才能获得某一特定产品或服务的工具。
[7] Time can be used to win orders by companies who have learned that some customers do not want to wait—and are prepared to pay a premium to get what they want quickly. The time advantage is variously described as speed or responsiveness in practice.全句译为：他们了解到，有些客户不希望等待，并愿意支付高价以获得他们想要的物流速度。
时间优势，是各种描述的速度或实际反应的速度。
[8] Many products compete specifically on the basis of low price. This is supported from a supply chain point of view by low-cost manufacture, distribution, servicing and the like.全句译为：很多产品是在低价格基础上进行竞争。
从供应链的角度来看，是通过低成本的制造，销售，服务等工作。
[9] And in manufacturing firms, dependability is used to monitor a supplier’s performance in such terms as: on time or in full.全句译为：在制造业公司，可靠性是用来监测供应商准时或准数的表现[10]Logistics operations are concerned not just with the average percentage of orders delivered on time but also in the variability.[1]Prior to transportation deregulation, the purchase of transportation could be likened to buying acommodity such as coal or grain. liken to 与…相比全句译为：在运输管理没有规范化操作之前，购买运输可比喻为买一种商品，如煤或粮食。
[2] Transportation deregulation in 1980 introduced pricing flexibility and significantly increased the range of services transportation companies could provide customers.全句译为：在1980年，运输放松管制推出，随之带来的价格变化，并大大增加了运输公司为客户提供服务的范围。
[3] For example, logistics managers may integrate private with for-hire transportation to reduce total logistics costs. integrate with 表示“使…相结合”全句译为：举例来说，物流经理可结合私有与租用运输工具的方式，以减少整体物流成本。
[4] Many for-hire carriers offer a wide variety of value-added services such as product sortation, sequencing, and customized freight delivery and presentation. a variety of 表示多样的，variety是various的名词形式，所以，同类的表达有all kinds of, many kinds of, 或various. customized 是过去分词作形容词使用，表示个性化的，根据客户要求定制的，其动词形式为customize全句译为：很多出租运营商提供多种增值服务，如产品分拣，理货，以及特制的货运交付和介绍。