专八常用政治与行政术语

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政治常用专业术语50个

政治常用专业术语50个

政治常用专业术语50个1.政治制度:政治体制所包含的制度安排和组织形式,如选举制度、行政管理制度等。

2.人民民主:一种政治制度,由人民直接或通过代表行使权力,并保障人民的基本权利和自由。

3.民主中央主义:指充分体现民主原则,以集中为主要特征的领导方式。

4.改革开放:中国自1978年开始的一项经济、政治和社会体制变革,旨在实现经济现代化和国际化。

5.全面深化改革:中国成为世界第二大经济体后,政府为适应新形势积极推动改革的新一轮深入。

6.社会主义核心价值观:为推进中国公民道德建设和社会文明进步,制定的一套社会主义大众观念和价值标准。

7.两个一百年:指中国共产党建党一百年和实现中华民族伟大复兴的奋斗目标一百年。

8.战略性新兴产业:未来经济发展的战略重点之一,包括新能源、智能制造、生物医药、新材料等领域。

9.互联网+:利用互联网技术和传统产业的深度融合,推动经济和社会发展的新模式。

10.自贸试验区:推行开放型经济的新模式和制度安排,自贸试验区内企业可以享受更加优惠的政策。

11.投资促进:政府鼓励和支持外商投资和民间投资,以促进经济发展和改善就业环境。

12.全球化:全球经济和社会发展的趋势,包括贸易自由化、资本流动和技术交流等。

13.经济全球化:国际经济活动更加紧密和相互依存的趋势,强调市场和资源的全球配置和流动。

14.文化产业:以文化资产和文化产品为主要经济活动的产业,包括电影、音乐、出版等。

15.农村扶贫:为实现全面小康社会目标,政府通过扶贫政策,加强农村经济发展和贫困地区脱贫攻坚。

16.青年发展:政府重视中青年人才的培养和发展,鼓励青年创新和创业,推动未来的经济和社会发展。

17.新型城镇化:政府通过城市化建设,改善城市环境,提高城市管理水平,加强城市与乡村的合作和交流。

18.社会保险:为保障社会和谐和个人权益,政府建立并实施社会保险制度,包括养老、医疗等。

19.市场经济:以市场机制为基本调节方式的经济体制,强调市场资源配置的效率和公正。

专业八级常用政治术语

专业八级常用政治术语

专业八级常用政治术语第1讲1. 马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought2. 新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution3. 民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people4. 经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure5. 社会主义制度socialist system6. 社会变革social transformation7. 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics8. 中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation9. 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism10. 改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside专业八级常用政治术语第2讲11. 中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CommunistParty of China12. 马克思主义政党Marxist political Party13. 党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second/third)generation14. 人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship15. 国民经济体系national economic system16.综合国力aggregate national strength17. 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)18. 独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace19. 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China20. 加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality21. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

专业八级常用政治术语

专业八级常用政治术语

专业八级常用政治术语第1讲1. 马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought2. 新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution3. 民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people4. 经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure5. 社会主义制度socialist system6. 社会变革social transformation7. 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics8. 中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation9. 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 10. 改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside专业八级常用政治术语第2讲11. 中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China12. 马克思主义政党Marxist political Party13. 党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second/third)generation14. 人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship15. 国民经济体系national economic system16. 综合国力aggregate national strength17. 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)18. 独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace19. 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China 20. 加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality21. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

英语专八听力常见词汇

英语专八听力常见词汇

TEM8听力必背新闻词汇(10年以来专八听力最常见和最重要的词汇)政治新闻常用词汇absolute majority 绝对多数 ad hoc committee 特别委员会advisory body 咨询机构anti-establishment反政府情绪all-embracing agreement包罗万象的协定arbitration 调停bipartisan diplomacy两党一致的对外政策 carrot-and-stick 威胁利诱政策deadlock 僵局shoe-string majority 微弱多数embargo 禁运summit conference 首脑会议abstain from voting弃权air of tension 紧张气氛administrative authorities行政当局amendment 修正案apartheid 种族隔离 bare majority勉强过半数briefing meeting 简要新闻发布会nonaligned country不结盟国家congressional hearing(美国)国会意见听证会diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权shuttle diplomacy 穿梭外交经贸新闻常用词汇accumulated deficit 累计赤字active trade balance 贸易顺差business slump 生意萧条dull market 萧条的市场economic takeoff 经济起飞broker 经纪人reciprocal trade agreement 互惠贸易政笼dividend 红利wholesale dealer批发商economic recession 经济衰退gold standard金本位devaluation 贬值American Selling Price美国销售价格retailer零售商price index 物价指数deficiency亏损across-the-board tariff cut talks 全面削减关税会谈demand and supply balance 供求平衡gold reserve 黄金储备price-curbing policy抑制物价政策tycoon 巨头petrodollar石油美元non-confidence motion 不信任案stalled peace talks陷入僵局的和谈adverse trade balance 贸易逆差economic sanction 经济制裁switch trade 转手贸易fiscal year 财政年度balance of trade贸易平衡 cash transaction 现金交易fluctuating salary 附加工资,浮动工资军事新闻常用词汇active armed forces 现役武装部队 blanket bombing 地毯武轰炸administration party 执政党ambassador-at-large 巡回大使anti-inflation measures 制止通货膨胀的措施agenda 议程back number过时的人或物bluff diplomacy恫吓外交closed-door meeting秘密会议diplomatic channel外交途径memorandum备忘录showdown 摊牌unanimous resolution一致通过的决议belligerent powers 交战国military expansion军备扩张beam weapons激光束武器scud missile飞毛腿导弹aircraft carrier航空母舰around-the-clock bombing 日夜不停的轰炸 general armistice全面停战adopted by consensus 经过协商一致通过alien domination外国统治amicable relations 友好关系 apple of discord 引起不和的争端behind-the-scene maneuvering 幕后操纵budget committee预算委员会communiqué公报diplomatic maneuvers 外交策略arms build-up 军备集结unconditional surrender无条件投降armament race军备竞赛mushroom cloud蘑菇云scout plane侦察飞机airlift troop空降部队destroyer驱逐舰sweeper扫雷艇chemical weapon化学武器armored corps装甲兵团ABM(anti-ballistic missile)反弹道导弹marine corps海军陆战队submarine潜水艇nuclear weapon核武器AAM(air-to-air missile)空对空导弹科技、教育、文化、卫生新闻常用词汇academia 学术界academic year学年brain drain 人才外流open classroom讨论式教学atomic energy原子能 comet彗星extraterrestrial外星的hardware硬件dispensary药房 laboratory实验室来源:考injection注射blood type血型dysentery痢疾chicken pox水痘anemia贫血euthanasia安乐死industrial disease职业病cramming system填鸭式教学法astronomer 天文学家 chip晶体片constellation星座galaxy银河系coeducation男女同ambulance救护车surgical department外科 inoculate注射预防针disinfectant消毒剂malaria疟疾plague鼠疫tumor肿瘤genetic engineering遗传工程学audio-visual aids视听教具AIDS(acquired immune deficiency syndrome)爱滋病CAI(computer-assisted instruction)计算机辅助教学文体、娱乐新闻常用词汇athletics运动record-holder记录保持者referee(足球、拳击)裁判员 goalkeeper足球守门员a drawn game和局semifinal半决赛hurdle跳栏 elimination海汰赛hamper因故停赛 columnist专栏作家primetime黄金时间 athlete运动员sprint短跑umpire(垒球、网球)裁判员linesman边线裁判员trial预赛final决赛relay race接力赛feint假动作intermission中场休息audience rating收视率 acrobatics杂技overture序曲 symphony交响曲newsreel新闻片rehearsal排练relay转播serenade夜曲philharmonic爱乐 film festival电影节telecast电视转播 karaoke卡拉OK 社会生活、宗教;法律新闻常用词汇assault袭击scandal诽谤,丑闻hijack劫机detention拘留surrender oneself自首verdict判决bail保释electrocute电刑accused被告accuser原告criminal case刑事案件subpoena传票acquit宣判无罪commutation of sentence减刑population explosion人口爆炸addict吸毒上瘾者Buddhism佛教 Hinduism印度教Protestant新教bishop主教fraud诈骗embezzlement挪用公款contempt of court蔑视法庭 confess供认juror陪审员 sentence判刑capital punishment死刑supreme court最高法庭witness证人 barrister大律师civil case民事案件 indictment起诉amnesty大赦dropout逃避现实者feminine liberation妇女解放Christianity 基督教Islamism伊斯兰教Catholic天主教Baptism浸理会 mosque清真寺以下是专四专八写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式,每组句式的功能相同或相似,考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1-2个,做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。

专四专八常用政治术语的英文翻译

专四专八常用政治术语的英文翻译

专四专八常用政治术语的英文翻译2006-6-14 2:42页面功能【字体:大中小】【打印】【关闭】马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、*****“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory,Jiang Zemin “Three Represent's” important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

专八常用政治术语的英文翻译

专八常用政治术语的英文翻译

专八常用政治术语的英文翻译马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution 来源:考试大民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinesecharacteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 来源:考试大改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CommunistParty of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 来源:考试大党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second/third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

英语专业八级高频词汇 -精选

英语专业八级高频词汇 -精选

英语专八高频词汇1.abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。

2. be absent from…. 缺席,不在3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with)富于,富有6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地,8. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willi ngly; freely)自愿地,主动地9. in accord with 与…一致out of one’s accord with 同….不一致10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据12. on one’s own account1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己on account赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性.13. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释(理由)15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for)解释, 说明.16. on account of (=because of)由于,因为.17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need)改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, clingto, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief )粘附; 坚持, 遵循27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的28. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for)…的可能,留有…的余地.30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.32. have an advantage over 胜过.have the advantage of由于…处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make useof, profit from, harness)利用.34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致36. ahead of 在…之前, 超过ahead of time 提前.37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.38. above all (=especially, most important of all)尤其是, 最重要的.39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether)总共, 总计40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不;all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次;above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说;be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account)考虑到, 估计到.42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for,take charge for) 对…负责.44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请apply for申请; apply to 适用.49. apply to 与…有关;适用50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to,consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…53. arrive on 到达; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;54.be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because1of sth. done) 以…为羞耻55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系,结57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…58. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and though t)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料59. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面64. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起. 65. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台66. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃67. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)68. be based on / upon 基于69. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)76. for the better 好转77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.78. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人.blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)81. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘83. out of breath 喘不过气来84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的86. take the floor 起立发言87. on business 出差办事.88. be busy with sth.于某事。

专八听力常考词汇

专八听力常考词汇

专八听力常考词汇一、政治经济类。

1. economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi],n. 经济;节约;理财。

- 例如:The global economy is facing challenges.(全球经济正面临挑战。

)2. policy [ˈpɒləsi],n. 政策;方针;保险单。

- 如:The government has issued a new economic policy.(政府发布了一项新的经济政策。

)3. inflation [ɪnˈfleɪʃn],n. 膨胀;通货膨胀;夸张。

- 例如:High inflation has eroded people's purchasing power.(高通货膨胀侵蚀了人们的购买力。

)4. recession [rɪˈseʃn],n. 衰退;不景气;后退。

- 例如:The country is in a recession.(这个国家正处于衰退之中。

)5. tariff [ˈtærɪf],n. 关税;价目表,vt. 征收关税。

- 例如:The government decided to raise tariffs on imported cars.(政府决定提高进口汽车的关税。

)二、文化教育类。

1. curriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm],n. 课程。

- 例如:The school is reforming its curriculum.(学校正在改革其课程。

)2. seminar [ˈsemɪnɑː(r)],n. 研讨会;研讨班。

- 例如:I attended a very interesting seminar on literature yesterday.(我昨天参加了一个非常有趣的文学研讨会。

)3. literacy [ˈlɪtərəsi],n. 读写能力;精通文学。

- 例如:The government is trying to improve the public's literacy level.(政府正在努力提高公众的读写能力水平。

专八英语时政短语

专八英语时政短语
participation in and deliberation of state affairs
长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共
long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe
3
多重多头执法 duplicate law enforcement 发展民主团结、生动活泼、安定和谐的政
治局面 develop the political situation
characterized by democracy, solidarity, liveliness, stability and harmony 发展平等团结互助的社会主义民族关系 enhance socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance
affairs 党的宗教信仰自由政策 the Party’s policy toward the freedom of
religious belief 党风廉政建设责任制
responsibility system for improving the Party’s work style and building clean government
党要管党、从严治党 the Party exercises self-discipline and is
strict with its members 党员管理工作
6
management of Party membership 党政机关 Party and ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱovernment organs 党政领导干部职务任期制、辞职制和用人

专八听力高频词汇

专八听力高频词汇

专八听力高频词汇一、政治经济类。

1. economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi],n. 经济;节约。

- 例句:The global economy has been greatly affected by the pandemic.(全球经济受到了疫情的极大影响。

)2. inflation [ɪnˈfleɪʃn],n. 通货膨胀。

- 例句:High inflation is a big problem for many developing countries.(高通货膨胀对许多发展中国家来说是个大问题。

)3. deficit [ˈdefɪsɪt],n. 赤字;不足额。

- 例句:The government is trying to reduce the budget deficit.(政府正在努力减少预算赤字。

)4. tariff [ˈtærɪf],n. 关税。

- 例句:The new tariff policy has an impact on international trade.(新的关税政策对国际贸易有影响。

)5. policy [ˈpɒləsi],n. 政策;方针。

- 例句:The government has introduced a series of new policies to boost economic development.(政府出台了一系列新政策来促进经济发展。

)6. revenue [ˈrevənjuː],n. 税收;收益。

- 例句:The company's revenue has increased significantly this year.(公司今年的收益显著增加。

)7. budget [ˈbʌdʒɪt],n. 预算;v. 编预算。

- 例句:They are discussing the next year's budget.(他们正在讨论明年的预算。

专四专八考试新闻听力高频词汇汇总

专四专八考试新闻听力高频词汇汇总

专四专八考试新闻听力高频词汇汇总考试、新闻听力、高频词汇、汇总以下是专四专八考试新闻听力部分常见的高频词汇汇总:1. Economy - 经济2. Politics - 政治3. Government - 政府4. President - 总统5. Prime Minister - 总理6. Policy - 政策7. International - 国际的8. National - 国家的9. Domestic - 国内的10. Trade - 贸易11. Investment - 投资12. Stock market - 股市13. Inflation - 通货膨胀14. Recession - 经济衰退15. Development - 发展16. Environment - 环境17. Pollution - 污染18. Climate change - 气候变化19. Natural disaster - 自然灾害20. Energy - 能源21. Technology - 科技22. Education - 教育23. Health - 健康24. Science - 科学25. Research - 研究26. Innovation - 创新27. Industry - 行业28. Employment - 就业29. Unemployment - 失业30. Labor market - 劳动力市场31. Entrepreneurship - 创业32. Globalization - 全球化33. Migration - 迁移34. Security - 安全35. Terrorism - 恐怖主义36. Conflict - 冲突37. Human rights - 人权38. Equality - 平等39. Justice - 正义40. Democracy - 民主41. Constitution - 宪法42. Election - 选举43. Referendum - 公投44. Protest - 抗议45. International relations - 国际关系46. Diplomacy - 外交47. Negotiation - 谈判48. Agreement - 协议49. Dispute - 争议50. Cooperation - 合作这些词汇在新闻听力中经常出现,熟悉这些词汇将有助于更好地理解和记忆听力材料。

政治学术语大全

政治学术语大全

政治学术语大全政治学术语涵盖了广泛的概念,以下是一些常见的政治学术语:1.权力分立(Separation of Powers): 指政府权力被划分为执行、立法和司法三个独立的分支,以防止滥用权力。

2.社会契约(Social Contract): 政治哲学中的概念,指个体通过合意建立政府,以换取社会秩序和保护权利。

3.民主(Democracy): 一种政治制度,通过选举和广泛参与,让公民参与政府决策。

4.专制(Authoritarianism): 一种政治制度,政权高度集中,公民权利和政治自由受到限制。

5.政治意识形态(Political Ideology): 一套关于社会、政府和经济组织的信仰和价值观。

6.政治制度(Political System): 一组相互关联的政治结构和过程,用于制定和执行政策。

7.选举(Election): 公民通过投票选出政府官员的过程。

8.政治参与(Political Participation): 公民参与政治决策和政治活动的行为。

9.政治文化(Political Culture): 一组共同的政治信仰和价值观,影响着公民对政治的态度。

10.国家主权(National Sovereignty): 国家在其领土内拥有独立权威的原则。

11.国际关系(International Relations): 研究国家之间相互关系、国际组织和全球事务的学科领域。

12.冷战(Cold War): 指二战后苏联和西方国家之间的政治、经济和军事对抗时期。

13.议会制度(Parliamentary System): 政府的执行部门由立法机构选出,通常有总理和内阁。

14.总统制度(Presidential System): 政府的执行部门由总统和行政机构领导,与立法机构相互独立。

15.政治经济学(Political Economy): 研究政治和经济之间相互关系的学科领域。

16.政治社会学(Political Sociology): 研究社会结构和政治制度之间关系的学科领域。

政治常用专业术语50个

政治常用专业术语50个

政治常用专业术语50个1.政治体系(political system)2.政府(government)3.政权(political power)4.政治制度(political institution)5.政治权力(political authority)6.政治意识形态(political ideology)7.政治参与(political participation)8.政治发展(political development)9.政治变革(political reform)10.政治决策(political decision-making)11.政治过程(political process)12.政治管理(political governance)13.政治责任(political accountability)14.政治稳定(political stability)15.政治体制(political regime)16.政治制衡(political balance)17.政治参与者(political actors)18.政治支持(political support)19.政治文化(political culture)20.政治意识(political consciousness)21.政治权威(political authority)22.政治平衡(political equilibrium)23.政治权衡(political calculus)24.政治理论(political theory)25.政治实践(political practice)26.政治经济学(political economy)27.政治生态学(political ecology)28.政治心理学(political psychology)29.政治伦理学(political ethics)30.政治社会学(political sociology)31.政治地理学(political geography)32.政治历史学(political history)33.政治教育学(political education)34.政治哲学(political philosophy)35.政治社会化(political socialization)36.政治行为(political behavior)37.政治信仰(political belief)38.政治权力分配(political power distribution)39.政治改革(political revolution)40.政治运动(political movement)41.政治纲领(political agenda)42.政治议程(political discourse)43.政治竞争(political competition)44.政治权力争夺(political power struggle)45.政治权力交替(political power transition)46.政治权力转移(political power transfer)47.政治合法性(political legitimacy)48.政治参与权(political participation rights)49.政治权利(political rights)50.政治平等(political equality)政治是一个涉及人类社会组织和管理的重要领域,它涉及领导权、管理权、决策权等方面的内容。

政治学与行政学专业英语词汇

政治学与行政学专业英语词汇

政治学与行政学专业英语词汇第一篇:政治学与行政学专业英语词汇一院制 Unicameral 一党制国家 One—party States 人权 Human rights 人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen 工会 Trade unions 下议院 House of Commons 上议院 House of Lords 个人主义 Individualism 女权主义 Feminism 马列主Marxism—Leninism 马克思主义 Marxism 马基雅维里主Machiavelli 王权 Crown 无产阶级Proletariat无产阶专政 Dictatorship of the proletariat无政府主义 Anarchism 专制 Despotism专制政府/绝对专制主义 Absolute government/absolutism中央与地方的关系 Central/Local relations分权 Separation of powers公共行政 Public administration 公民权利 Civil rights 公民自由 Civil liberties 正义Justice可审判性Justiciability平等Equality 奴隶制Slavery 占统治地位的党 Dominant party代表Delegate 代议员Representative代议制政府Representative government 代表制Representation 主权Sovereignty 市民社会Civil society 市(镇)长Major 立宪主义Constitutionalism立宪政体Constitutional government 立法机关Legislatures 立法否决Legislative veto 立法委员会Legislative committees 立法起草Legislative drafting 半总统制Semi-presidential systems 议长Speaker 议会制度Parliamentary system 司法机构Judiciary 司法行政官Magistrate 司法审查Judicial review 民主Democracy 民主党Democratic Party 民主集中制Democraticcentralism 民意测验Opinion polls 共产党Communist Parties共和国Republic 机构/制度Institution 权力Power 权利Rights权利法案Bill of rights 权威Authority 妇女选举权Women’s suffrage 地方长官Prefect地方政府Local government 地方政府财政Local government finance 地方政治Local politics 同意Consent同意投票Approval voting团体理论Group theory 邦联Confederation邦联条例Articles of Confederation 自由Freedom 自由党Liberal parties 自由裁量权Discretion 自决Self-determination 自治Self-government 自治领Dominion 行为主义Behaviouralism 行政Administration 行政机关Executives 政委员Administrative board 行政法庭Administrative tribunal 行政法院Administrative court 州长Governor 多元主义Pluralism 多元社会Plural society 多头制Polyarchy 多数派政府Majority government 多数统治Majority rule 决策Decision making 决策理论Decision theory 农奴制Serfdom 阶层/阶级Class 麦迪逊,詹姆斯Madison,James 苏格拉底Socrates 极权主义Totalitarianism 否决权Veto投票Voting 投票率Turnout 护宪Entrenchment 财产权Property 利益Interests 利益表达与聚合Interest articulation and aggregation 利益集团Interest group言论,表达和出版自由Freedom of speech,expression,and the press 社区/共同体Community 社团主义Corporatism 社会主义Socialism 社会民主主义 Social democracy社会契约论Social contract君主制Monarchy 责任Responsibility 责任政府Responsible government直接民主Direct democracy直接行动Direct action杰斐逊,托马斯Jefferson,Thomas 欧洲议会European Parliament 欧洲共同体European Community 歧视Discrimination 国际法International Law 国家State国家元首Head of state 国家消亡Withering away of the state 国家财政危机 Fiscal crisis of the state 非暴力反抗 Civil disobedience 非暴力行为Non-violent action 制定法Statute Law 制衡Checks and balance 委任Patronage 委员会Commission 质询Interpellation 法Law 法令Act 法官Judge 法治Rule of law 法律的正当程序Due process of law 法案,议案Bill 宗教自由Freedom of religion 审判Adjudication 审查制度Censorship 官僚制/官僚Bureaucracy 实证主义Positivism 封建主义Feudalism 革命和反革命Revolution and counter-revolution 政体Polity 政纲platform 政变Coup D’etat 政府Government 政府组成过程Government formation process 政府首脑Head of government 政府调查Public inquiry 政治Politics 政治义务Political obligation政治文化Political culture 政治中的种族问题 Race in politics政治心理学 Political psychology 政治发展Political development政治行动委员会(美国)Political action committee 政治行为研究Political behaviour 政治地理学Political geography 政治权力Political power政治局(及常务委员会)Politburo(and Pesidium)政治沟通Political communication 政治体系/政治系统 Political system 政治参与Political participation 政治财政Political finance 政治科学Political science 政治社会化Political socialization 政治社会学Political sociology 政治学的定量方法Quantitative methods in politics 政治态度Political attitudes 政治腐败Political corruption 政治继承Political succession 政治理论Political theory 政治暴力Political violence 政治影响Political influence 政治整合/政治一体化Political integratio政党分赃制Spoils system政党认同Party identification 政党代表大会 Party convention 政党功能Parties,political:functions of 政党组织Party organization 政党核心集团Machine 政党秘密会议Caucus 政策分析Policy analysis 政策实施Implementation政策输出研究Policy output studies 城市政府City government 城邦国家City state 贵族/贵族制Aristocracy 思想库Think tank 看守政府Caretaker government 选区Constituency 选民登记Registration of electors 选择投票Ticket-splitting 选择领导Leadership selection 选举Elections选举团Electoral college 选举纲领Election program 选举制度Electoral system 选票Ballot重农主义Physiocracy 重划选区Redistribution 重商主义Mercantilism 种族灭绝Genocide 种族主义Racism 种族隔离Apartheid 顺从Deference 保守主义Conservatism保守党Conservative parties保护主义Clientelism修正主义Revisionism 独立机构Independent agency 独立宣言Declaration of Independence 独裁主义,权威主义Authoritarianism 独裁制Autocracy 帝国Empire帝国主义Imperialism 美国革命American Revolution 美国国会Congress 美国辉格党Whig:U.S.首相(总理)/首相(总理)制政府Prime minister/Prime ministerial government 总统,总统制President/Presidential system总罢工General strike总督Governor-General 派别Faction 咨询和同意Advice and consent 宣传Propaganda 宪法Constitutional law 宪法规约Conventionofthe constitution 宪法/宪政Constitution/constitutionalism神权政治Theocracy 神授王权Divine right of kings 费边主义Fabianism 绝对专制主义Absolutism 统治阶级Ruling class统治能力Governability 恐怖Terror 恐怖主义Terrorism 格劳修斯Grotius 监护Tutelage 监察专员Ombudsman 党派首领Boss 罢免Recall 恩格斯Engels缺席投票Absence voting 特权Prerogative 特许状Charter 秘密警察Secret police 倒台与政权更迭Breakdown and regime change 候选人选择candidate selection 爱国主义Patriotism 被保护国Protectorate竞争性政党制度Competitive party system竞选运动Election campaign 部门Department部长,部Minister/Ministry 部长会议Council of Ministers 准司法Quasi-judicial 准--非政府组织Quango 资历制Seniority 资产阶级Bourgeoisie 资本主义Capitalism 浮动投票人Floating vote 浪漫主义Romanticism 宽容Toleration 家长型控制Paternalism 调查委员会Selectcommittee 预算,预算编制Budget/Budgeting 陪审团Jury 理性Rationality理性选择方法Rational choice 教权主义Clericalism 教会与国家Church and State基本权利Fundamental right 基层党组织Primary party organization 职能代表Functional representation 授权立法Delegated legislation 授权学说Mandate theory 常设委员会Standing committee 累计投票Cumulative vote 唯心主义Idealism 领导Leadership 第二院,上议院 Second chambers 康德Kant 混合政府Mixed government 弹劾Impeachment 隐私Privacy 殖民统治Colonial government 联合,联合政府Coalition/Coalition government 联合民主Consociational democracy 联合国United Nations 联邦制Federalism 联邦党人文集 Federalist Papers 联盟,联合League 超载Overload 超国家政府Supranational government 博爱Fraternity 斯大林Stalin斯宾诺莎Spinoza 斯密,亚当Smith,Adam 最低下限Droop quota 最高行政法院Conseil d’Aetat 最高法院Supreme court 黑格尔Hegal 辉格党与托利党 Whigs and Tories 等级Estates 集体主义Collectivism 集体行动Collective action集体领导Collective leadership 集合理论Coalition theory 街区选举,集团投票 Block vote普通法Common law 游说Lobbying 雇主组织Employer’s organization 强制性投票Compulsory voting 鼓励性行动Affirmative action 路德,马丁Luther,Martinλ解散议会社会工作:social workλ社会工作者:social workerλ案主:clientλ个案社会工作:social case workλ团体社会工作:social group/team workλ社区社会工作:social community work λ社会工作导论:The introduction of social workλ社会工作实务:social work practice λ做好事的人:do-goodersλ预防贫穷协会:the Society for thePrevention of Pauperism λ慈善组织协会:the CharityOrganization Society λ睦邻运动:the settlementmovementλ汤恩比馆:Toybee Hall λ霍尔馆:Hull Houseλ《社会保障法案》:SocialSecurity Actλ《济贫法》:The Elizabeth PoorLawλ《社会诊断》:Social Diagnosis λ全美社会工作者协会:theNational Association of Social Workersλ社会福利:social welfare λ人类行为的生态学模式:Ecological model of human behaviorλ人类行为的医学模式: MedicalModel of Human Behavior λ人格紊乱: personalitydisordersλ客观事实:objective factsλ主观感受:subjective feelingsλ问题觉醒:problem awareness λ家庭暴力:domestic violence λ老年人虐待elder abuse λ遗弃: abandonment λ忽视:neglectλ吸毒:addiction disordersλ社会学概论:Introduction toSociololgyλ社会问题:social issues λ社会调查:social research λ弱势群体:Vulnerable groups λ /a disadvantaged minority λ独身子女:the only child λ单亲家庭:a single parent family农民工:migrant workersλ社会排斥:social exclusion λ社会融合:social integrationλ社会救助:social assistance λ功能主义:functionalistperspectiveλ镜中我:looking-glass selfλ机械团结:mechanical solidarity λ越轨:delinquencyλ矫治: Correctionλ社会调查的理论与方法 Theories& Methods for Social Investigationλ社会调查方法 Methods forSocial Investigation λ社会工作 Social Workλ社会统计分析与SYSTAT应用Social Statistics Analysis & SYSTAT Applicationλ社会统计学 Social Statistics λ社会问题研究 Research onSocial Problemsλ社会心理学 Social Psychologyλ社会学概论 Introduction toSociololgyλ社会学简论 Brief Introductionto Sociologyλ社会学理论专题 Current Issuesin Theories of Socilolgy λ社会学问题研究 Research onProblems of Sociology λ社会学研究方法 ResearchMethods of Sociologyλ社会主义财政学 Finance ofSocialismλ社会主义各国政,经体制讨论Discussion on Political &Economic Systems in Socialism λ社会学 Sociologyλ社会工作者 Social worker λ案主 Clientλ社会问题 Social problemλ社会心理 Social mental state λ社会调查 The societyinvestigatesλ个案社会工作 Social cases work λ团体社会工作 Social groupwork λ社区社会工作 social Communityworkλ社工导论 The introdution ofsocial workλ社会调查应用 the applicationforsociety investigates λ家庭暴力Domestic violence λ失恋Disappoint in love λ人在情境中Person in situation λ弱势群体disadvantaged groups λ社会保障 social security λ社会福利制度the socialwelfare systemλ社会公德 social moralityλ单亲家庭 single parent family λ独生子女 the only childλ失业率 rate of unemployment λ民工 the imigrant worker λ社会学概论 Introduction toSociologyλ社会工作概论 Introduction toSocial Workλ社会心理学 Social Psychology λ国外社会学学说 Sociological Theories in the Westλ社会调查与研究方法 SocialSurvey & Research Methodλ社会统计与计算机应用 SocialStatistics and Application of Computerλ马克思主义社会学经典著作选读Selected Readings ofMarxist-Leninist Classics λ社会保障与社会福利 SocialSecurity & Social Welfare λ当代社会学理论 ModernSociological Theories λ社会政策 Social Policyλ文化人类学 Cultural Anthropology λ中国社会思想史 History of Social Theories in China λ人口社会学 Sociology of Populationλ农村社会学 Rural Sociologyλ城市社会学 Urban Sociology λ家庭社会学Sociology of Family λ发展社会学 Sociology of Development λ经济社会学Economic Sociology λ组织社会学 Sociology of Organizationλ专业英语English for Sociology λ社会学专题讲座Issues of Sociology λ民俗学 Folklore Studies λ文化社会学Cultural Sociology λ宗教社会学 Sociology of Religion λ教育社会学 Sociology of Educationλ越轨与犯罪社会学 Sociology of Deviance & Crime λ当代社会的生活文化 Life Style in Current Societyλ西方社会思想史 History of Western Social Thought λ社会问题Social Problemsλ社会分层与社会流动 SocialStratification & Mobility λ科学社会学 Sociology of Educationλ社会项目评估和统计指标 Statistical Indexes & uation of Social Projects λ文化社会学Cultural Sociology λ历史社会学Historical Sociology λ政治社会学 Political Sociologyλ法律社会学Sociology of Law λ环境社会学Sociology of Environmentλ劳动社会学 Sociology of Labor λ公共关系 Public Relations λ团体工作 Group Work λ社区工作 Community Work λ社会工作实习Practice of Social Workλ社会行政 Social Administrationλ数据分析技术 StatisticalPackage & Applications for the Social Sciencesλ贫困与发展 Poverty and Developmentλ社会性别研究Gender Studies λ家庭社会工作Family Social Workλ临床社会工作 Clinical Social Workλ社会立法Social lagislation λ老年社会工作Gerontological Social Workλ青少年越轨与矫治 Juvenile Delinquency & Correctionλ社区服务Community Services λ心理咨询Psychological Counselingλ整合社会工作实务 Integrative Social Work Practiceλ社会工作专业英语 English for Social Workλ保险与信托 Insurance and Entrustmentλ教学实习T eaching Practice λ管理学Management Theory λAdministration 行政λBasic assumptions andprinciples of ~ 行政的基本假定与原则λCollaboration in 行政工作的合并λIn community organization 社区组织中的行政λConsultation in 行政咨询λDefined 行政的定义λImportancy of 行政的重要性λInteragency coopration 行政的重要性λShifting power in 行政分权λSupervision in 行政督导λsocial workers'club 社工俱乐部λAdministration in social work(journal)《社会工作行政》(杂志)λAdolescents 青少年λDrug abuse and 吸毒与青少年λHealth care services 青少年卫生保健服务λPregnancy and 怀孕与青少年λSuicide and 自杀与青少年λAdoption 领养λApplicants for 申请领养人λIndepengdent placements 独立安置λOpen 公开领养λSa fe families act 《领养与安全家庭法案》sDissolution of parliament 意识形态Ideology 新左派New Left 新右派New Right 新政New deal新教政党Protestant parties 福利国家Welfare state群众性政党Mass membership party 僭主制/暴政Tyranny 寡头制Oligarchy 寡头政治铁律 Iron law of oligarchy精英,精英主义Elites,Elitism 精英理论Doctrine of elites 腐败选区Rotten borough 弊政Maladministration 熊彼特Schumpeter 影子内阁Shadow cabinet 暴力Violence 潘恩Paine 霍布斯Hobbes 穆勒Mill激进主义Radicalism 激进政党Radical parties 整体主义Holism 辩证法Dialectic辩证唯物主义Dialectical materialism 警察Police警察国家Police state第二篇:政治学与行政学专业试卷政治学与行政学专业试卷南大政治学原理2001名词1、洛克2、政治角色3、公共舆论4、国家元首5、代议制6、《变化社会中的政治秩序》简答1、简要说明政治系统与内部生态环境的互动关系2、如何看待政治统治的目标与手段3、简要分析国家权力资源的结构论述1、法治辩2、论现代化背景下的廉正建设北师大政治学原理2002名词1、政治制度2、政治社会化3、政党政治4、君主立宪制5、和平共处五项原则简答1、简述国家权力对经济发展的作用2、简述“地理环境就决定论”3、简述民主与法制的关系4、简述政治革命与政治改良的联系与区别论述(任选2题)1、试论宪法在国家政治生活中的地位与作用2、联系中国实际,试论政治文化在政治制度变迁中的作用3、论“以法治国”与“以德治国”的关系南开政治学20021、国家阶级职能与社会职能的关系2、国家与氏族的基本区别3、总统-内阁混合制的主要特点4、反对党与在野党的主要区别5、西方现代民主思想的特点6、当代西方国家与我国“社会阶层构成”的主要变化及其对政治发展的影响7、政治的概念与当代中国的主题苏州大学行政管理学试题1998行政管理学一、名词解释25%1 管理7职能2 管理幅度3 “帕金森定律”4 “政治中立”5 行政诉讼二、简答45%1 政治与行政的管理2 行政管理学的主要内容3 行政管理过程的职能4 行政目标、计划与决策的关系5 “既断以六事,又以廉为本”三、论述30%1 论行政道德与行政法制2 试论我国的行政改革2000年行政管理学一、名词解释20%1、“POSDCRB”2、“帕金森定律”3、行政文化4、利格斯(Fred W.Reggs)5、《改革政府:企业精神如何改革着公营部门》二、简答40%1、简述行政与管理的区别和联系2、什么是行政监督?其主体有哪些?3、影响行政效率的因素主要有哪些?4、赫伯特.A.西蒙:“决策是行政管理的心脏”,“管理就是一系列决策”,作何理解?三、论述题40%1、依法行政2、罗伯特.A.达尔:“没有理由设想公共行政学的每一个原理在每一个民族国家中具有同样的效用,或公共行政实践在一国的成功必然在另一个社会、经济和政治环境不同的国家中也能获得成功。

专业八级常见听力词汇

专业八级常见听力词汇

financial crisis金融危机Federal Reserve美联储real estate房地产share股票stock market股市shareholder股东macroeconomic宏观经济go under\bankrupt破产pension fund养老基金government bond政府债券budget预算deficit赤字intellectual property知识产权opportunistic practice投机行为entrepreneur企业家cook the book做假帐fluctuate波动merger并购pickup in price物价上涨monetary policy货币政策foreign exchange外汇quote报价contract合同floating rate浮动利率venture capital风险资本global corporation跨国公司consolidation兼并take over收购on the hook被套住military option军事解决途径动用武力escalating tension逐步升级的局势military coupe军事政变forced from office被赶下台step down/ aside下台on the brink of war处于战争边缘heavy fighting激战genocide种族灭绝relief effort救济工作humanitarian aid人道主义援助end the bloodshed结束流血事件special envoy特使peace-keeping forces维和部队guerrilla war游击战争border dispute边境争端armed conflict武装冲突reconciliation调解civil war内战cruise missile巡航导弹come to a conclusion达成一致coalition forces联合军队on high alert处于高级戒备状态rebellion叛乱rebel forces叛军sensitive,hostage,kidnapped French nationals被绑架的法国人rescue,release invade,US-led invasion美国领导的入侵right-wing extremists右翼极端分子warring factions交战各方topple the government推翻政府suicide bombing自杀性袭击事件suspend停止resume继续coalition party联合政党post-war reconstruction战后重建pre-war intelligence战前情报radar,espionage谍报spying activity间谍行为electronic warfare电子战争negotiations/ delegate/ delegation/ summit n.峰会charter n.特许状,执照,宪章promote peace促进和平boost economic co-op加强经济合作make concession/ compromise作出妥协pass a resolution通过决议veto a bill否决议案break the deadlock打破僵局a scientific breakthrough科学突破an unexpected outcome出乎意料的结果diplomatically isolated country在外交上被孤立的国家diplomatic solutions外交解决方案hot spot热点take hostilities toward对……采取敌对态度ethnic cleansing种族排斥refugee,illegal aliens非法移民mediator调解员national convention国民大会fight corruption反腐败corrupted election腐败的选举peace process和平进程give a boost to. . . 促进booming economy促进经济发展mutual benefits/ interests双赢impose/ break a deadline规定/ 打破最后期限retaliate报复banking reform金融改革commissioner代表go bankrupt破产file for bankruptcy提出破产deputy代表external forces外部力量disarmament agreement裁军协议to lift a boycott取消禁令dismantle销毁the implementation of an accord执行决议to ease the ban on ivory trade缓解对象牙贸易的禁令animal conservation动物保护threatened/ endangered species濒危物种illegal poaching非法捕猎face extinction濒临灭亡stand trial受审put. . . on trial审判某人radioactive放射性radiation辐射uranium enrichment program铀浓缩计划nuke nonproliferation核部扩散suspect,arrest,detain,in custody被囚禁on human rights abuse charges反人权罪名HIV positive HIV阳性illegal drug trafficking毒品贩运pirated products盗版产品fake goods假货notorious臭名昭著bloody tyrant血腥独裁者execute/ execution处决death penalty死刑my predecessor/ successor我的前任/ 后任。

专八常用术语

专八常用术语

反腐败领导体制leadership system against corruption防卫作战能力defense capabilities非传统安全威胁non-traditional threats to security丰富民主形式develop diverse forms of democracy干部人事制度cadre and personnel system干部双重管理体制system of dual control over cadres高知识群体prominent intellectuals公共事务public affairs公务员制度system of public servants公益事业programs for public good多重多头执法:duplicate law enforcement发展民主团结、生动活泼、安定和谐的政治局面:develop the political situation characterized by democracy, solidarity, liveliness, stability and harmony发展平等团结互助的社会主义民族关系:enhance socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance法定职能:legal functions法律援助:legal aid法制观念:awareness of law1. 党内情况通报制度、情况反映制度和重大决策征求意见制度inner-Party information sharing and reporting systems and the system of soliciting opinions concerning major policy decisions2. 党要管党、从严治党the Party exercises self-discipline and is strict with its members3. 党员管理工作management of Party membership4. 党政机关Party and government organs5. 党政领导干部职务任期制、辞职制和用人失察失误责任追究制the system of fixed tenures, the system of resignation and the system of accountability for neglect of supervisory duty or the use of the wrong person with regard to leading cadres of the Party and government6. 党总揽全局、协调各方的原则principle that the Party commands the overall situation and coordinates the efforts of all quarters7. 电子政务e-government8. 独立负责、步调一致地开展工作assume one’s responsibilities independently and make concerted efforts in one's work9. 独立公正地行使审判权和检察权exercise adjudicative and procuratorial powers independently and impartially10. 多重多头执法duplicate law enforcement1. 长治久安maintain prolonged stability2. 崇尚科学respect and promote science3. 传播先进文化spread advanced culture4. 传统安全威胁traditional threats to security5. 从严治军the army must be strict with itself6. 党的领导方式the Party's style of leadership7. 党的民族政策the Party's policy toward ethnic minorities8. 党的侨务政策the Party's policy toward overseas Chinese affairs9. 党的宗教信仰自由政策the Party's policy toward the freedom of religious belief10. 党风廉政建设责任制responsibility system for improving the Party's work style and building clean government 1. 按照客观规律和科学规律办事act in compliance with objective and scientific laws2. 八个坚持、八个反对eight do's and eight don'ts3. 八项主张eight-point proposal4. 保持昂扬向上的精神状态be filled with an enterprising spirit5. 保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee's decisions are carried out without fail6. 标本兼治address both the symptoms and root causes7. 不确定因素uncertainties8. 参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs9. 长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe10. 长治久安maintain prolonged stability自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识self-reliance, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit依法治国和以德治国the rule of law and the rule of virtue科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想,反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist money worship,hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐be concern about the country and the people before anything else全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people解放思想、实事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts主观主义、形而上学subjectivism, metaphysics民主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting政治路线确定之后,干部就是决定因素cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided党管干部的原则the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cardres' affairs公开、平等、竞争、择优open, fair, competition, basis of merits公开选拔、竞争上岗the upervision of appointment and promotion of officials, and the method for official performance assessment自重、自省、自警、自励self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism“政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力”"gualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support""台独"taiwan's "independence"和平与发展peace and development冷战cold war世界多极化、经济全球化world multi-polarization and economic globalization联合国宪章UN Charter独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务independence, completely equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other's internal affairs世界贸易组织、关贸总协定World Trade Organization /The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade亚太经合组织Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation世贸中心World Trade Center恐怖主义terrorism。

专八常识政治部分

专八常识政治部分

政治篇与中国建交的国家:Mexico, Puerto Rico, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Chile,Bolivia, Uruguay, Argentina, Brasil, Cuba与中国没有建交的国家(12个):Guatemala, Belice(伯利兹), Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador(萨尔瓦多), Pananma, Republica Dominicana, Haití, San Cristóbal y Nieves, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Santa Lucía, Paraguay (只有这个国家在南美洲,其余11个都在中美和加勒比海)使用比索peso的国家:Mexico, Chile, Republica Dominicana, Colombia, Argentina, Uruguay, 流通美元的拉美国家:Salvador, Panama, Puerto Rico, Ecuador,女的领导人(1位):Argentina: Cristina Fernández de KirchnerReino de España 西班牙王国【国家元首】国王费利佩六世(Felipe VI),1986成为王储,2014年6月登基。

【重要节日】国庆节:10月12日;宪法日:12月6日。

全国划分为17个自治区、50个省、8000多个市镇,在摩洛哥境内另有休达和梅利亚两块飞地西班牙工人社会党(Partido Socialista Obrero Español)人民党(Partido Popular)Estados Unidos Mexicanos主要政党有:(1)国家行动党(Partido Acción Nacional):执政党,总统:Felipe Calderon(2)革命制度党(Partido Revolucionario Institucional)(3)民主革命党( Partido de la Revolución Democrática)国庆日:1810年9月16日货币:peso人口 1.12亿1972年2月14日,墨西哥同中国建交。

英语专业八级词汇Word List

英语专业八级词汇Word List

英语专业八级词汇Word Listregal adj 帝王的;华丽的= splendid【记】reg(统治)+al。

参:regime(n 政体;政权制度)。

注意不要和regale(款待)相混【例】Prince Albert had a regal manner.refutation n 驳斥【记】refute驳斥――fut是fuse字根的变体,意思是“pour倾倒”,refute就是“流回来――说回来――反驳“【例】He concentrated on preparing a complete refutation of the Republicans' most serious charges.refurbish v 擦亮(使重新干净、明亮或新鲜)【记】re再,furbish(v 擦亮)【例】The flat will be refurbished for the new tenants. 这套房间将重新粉刷以接纳新房客.refinery n 提炼厂(提炼石油或糖等原料的工厂)【记】refine“提炼、萃取精华”referendum n.全民公投【例】hold a referendum on ending conscription 就结束征兵问题举行全民投票reedy adj.芦苇丛生的, 芦苇状的, ; 尖声的, 似笛声的【记】reed芦苇redundant adj 累赘多余的;冗长的= superfluous = verbose【记】red,und = under,ant蚂蚁:蚂蚁下面有红色--蚂蚁搬家铺了红地毯--多余的【例】The illustration had too much redundant detail. 解说中不必要的细节太多.redundancy n.冗余【例】Thousands of bank employees are facing redundancy as their employers cut costs.reductio ad absurdum <拉>( = reduction to absurdity) <逻>归谬法, 反证法(说明某一命题的反面为不可能或荒谬, 以证明该命题为正确)。

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马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、*****“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Lenin ism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Repr esent's” important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the p eople经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political str ucture社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Ch inese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Centr al Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second/third)generation人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the c reativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

“Thr ee Represent's” shows that our Party must always represent the requirem ents of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orien tation of the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundament al interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they a re the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exerci se of state power and a source of its strengthen,only by doing so can w e really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策Party‘s theory, line, program, prin ciples and policies工人阶级的先锋队the vanguard of the working class生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑productive force, relation of pr oduction, economic base, superstructure constitute科学技术是第一生产力science and technology are the primary producti ve force社会主义物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizations of s ocialism有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals, mora l integrity, better education and good sense of discipline自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识self-relianc e, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneer ing and innovative spirit依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the rule of virtue科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating the country through scienc e and education倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想,反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist m oney worship,hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐be concern about the country and the p eople before anything else全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and sou l, work for the public and assumes power for the people解放思想、实事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the fact s主观主义、形而上学subjectivism, metaphysics民主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consulta tion, decision through meeting政治路线确定之后,干部就是决定因素cardres are a decisive factor, onc e a political line is decided党管干部的原则the principle of the Party assuming the responsibilit y for cardres' affairs"公开、平等、竞争、择优open, fair, competition, basis of merits公开选拔、竞争上岗the upervision of appointment and promotion of off icials, and the method for official performance assessment自重、自省、自警、自励self-discipline, self-examination, self-cautio n and self-motivation以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism“政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力”"gualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support""台独" taiwan's "independence"和平与发展peace and development冷战cold war世界多极化、经济全球化world multi-polarization and economic globaliz ation联合国宪章UN Charter独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务independence, complete ly equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other's interna l affairs世界贸易组织、关贸总协定World Trade Organization /The General Agreem ent of Tariff and Trade亚太经合组织Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation世贸中心World Trade Center恐怖主义terrorism。

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