Study on temper-rapid cooling process of low carbon steel produced by CSP
热处理的英文作文
热处理的英文作文英文：Heat treatment is a process that involves heating and cooling a material to alter its properties. This process is commonly used in the manufacturing industry to improve the strength, hardness, and durability of metals.There are several different types of heat treatment, including annealing, quenching, and tempering. Annealing involves heating the material to a specific temperature and then allowing it to cool slowly, which helps to reduce the internal stress within the material and make it more ductile. Quenching, on the other hand, involves rapidly cooling the material in water or oil, which increases its hardness but also makes it more brittle. Tempering is a process that involves reheating the material after quenching to reduce its brittleness and improve its toughness.I have personally seen the benefits of heat treatment in my work as a machinist. For example, when working with a piece of steel that needs to be machined to a specific shape, it is often necessary to heat treat the materialfirst to ensure that it is strong enough to withstand the machining process. Without heat treatment, the steel may be too soft or brittle, which can lead to problems such as warping or cracking.Overall, heat treatment is an important process in the manufacturing industry that helps to improve the properties of materials and make them more suitable for specific applications.中文：热处理是一种通过加热和冷却材料来改变其性质的过程。
表面淬火方法与步骤流程图
表面淬火方法与步骤流程图英文回答：Surface hardening is a heat treatment process used to increase the hardness and wear resistance of the surface of a material. There are several methods of surface hardening, and one of the most commonly used methods is called surface quenching or flame hardening.Surface quenching involves heating the material to a specific temperature and then rapidly cooling it by quenching it in a liquid or gas. This rapid cooling causes the surface of the material to harden while the core remains relatively soft. The heat is typically applied using a flame, such as an oxyacetylene torch, and the quenching medium can be water, oil, or a polymer solution.The process of surface quenching can be divided into several steps. First, the material is heated to the desired temperature using a flame. The temperature is carefullycontrolled to ensure that the surface reaches the required hardness without causing any damage to the core. Once the material has reached the desired temperature, it is quickly quenched by immersing it in the quenching medium. The quenching medium cools the surface rapidly, causing it to harden. Finally, the material is tempered to relieve any residual stresses and improve its toughness.Let me give you an example to illustrate the process. Let's say we want to surface harden a steel shaft. First, we heat the shaft using an oxyacetylene torch until it reaches the desired temperature. We carefully monitor the temperature to ensure that it doesn't exceed the critical temperature, which could lead to unwanted changes in the material's properties. Once the shaft is at the correct temperature, we quickly quench it by immersing it in a water bath. The rapid cooling causes the surface of the shaft to harden, while the core remains relatively soft. Finally, we temper the shaft by heating it to a lower temperature to relieve any residual stresses and improveits toughness.中文回答：表面淬火是一种热处理方法，用于增加材料表面的硬度和耐磨性。
冷轧专业英语
冷轧常用专业词汇表一、首钢京唐（酸轧机组）常用词1.entry W/B conveyor 入口步进梁运输机2. entry coil turner 旋转台3.entry coil car 入口钢卷车4.pay off reel 开卷机5.processor 处理器6.coll opener 开卷器7.ertry shear with pinch roll 入口剪带夹送辊8.scrap disposal equipment 废料处理装置9.deflector pinch roll 转向夹送辊10. deflector roll 转向辊11.welder 焊机12.notcher 月牙剪13.side guide 边部对中14.bridle roll 张力辊15.steering roll 纠偏辊16.tension meter roll 张力计辊17.tension leveller 拉伸破磷机18.entry wringer roll 入口挤干辊19.dryer 干燥器20.side notcher 月牙剪21.hold down roll 压辊22.side trimmer 切边剪23.scrap chopper 碎边剪24.scrap conveyor 废料运输带25.burr masher 去毛刺机l 轧机l motor 轧机主电机28.rotary shear 飞剪29.carrousel reel张力卷取机30.inspection table 检查台31.sleeve bucket transfer car 套筒运输车32.delivery coil conveyor 出口步进梁运输机33.skid 鞍座34.nozzle 喷嘴二、浙江东南1. Reversing Cold Mill (RCM) 可逆式冷轧机2. Motor Control Center (MCC) 电机控制中心3. E-house 电器室4. transformer 变压器5. skin pass mill (或temper mill) 平整机6. product mix 产品大纲7.coil weight 卷重8. stack weight 垛重9. workbase 炉台10. Specific coil weight 卷材单重11. inner cover 内罩12. heating bell加热罩13. cooling bell 冷却罩14. filter mesh 过滤器网15. pressure switch 压力开关16. isolating unit 隔离装置17. control relay 控制继电器18. emulsion room 乳化液站19. combustion 燃烧20. butterfly valve 蝶形阀21. Safety Equipment 安全设备22. roll chock 轴承座23. Spraying header 喷淋水管（喷淋头）24. Mill stand piping 轧机机座管系(管线)25. Drive spindles 驱动轴26. Cross cut shear 横剪机组27. Pivot 枢轴28. Coil car 卷材移动台车29. Segments （胀缩式卷筒）扇形体30. Snubber roll 缓冲辊31. Groove 凹槽32. flange法兰33. Shape Measuring Roll 板形仪34. Delivery (entry)Tension Reel 出(入)口卷取机35. Foundation Bolts and Nuts 基础螺栓36. Interconnecting piping 中间管线37. Gear Coupling 齿轮联轴器38. Load test 负载测试39. Breakage断带40. Stoppage 停车cold rolled: 冷轧的, 冷态滚压的cold rolled steel sheet: 冷轧薄钢板cold rolled coil : 冷轧薄卷electrical steel sheet: 电工钢（片）uncoiler: 开卷机reheating furnace: 再加热炉cold leveling: 冷平整，冷矫正pickling: 酸洗cold rolling mill: 冷轧机electrolytic cleaner: 电解清洗液preheating: 预热soaking cooling: 均匀退热rapid cooling: 快速冷却over aging: 过时效,老化过度final cooling: 最后冷却continuous annealing line：连续退火线recoiling：重绕temper rolling: 硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整batch annealing line: 成批退火线cold rolled coil: 冷轧薄板side trimming: 切侧边shearing line: 剪切线cold rolled sheet: 冷轧薄板pay off reel：松卷机shearer：剪切机, 剪断机entry looper: 进口活套tension leveler：张力平整机coating section:涂镀断面welding: 焊接scale breaker: 除鳞机, 铁皮清除机heat treating furnace: 热处理炉minimize spangle: 微化晶粒coating bath: 镀槽air cooling: 空气冷却water cooling: 水冷却leveling: 矫正, 平整Hot-dip galvanized steel strip: 热浸镀锌钢带（卷）Electrolytic cleaning：电解处理Electrolytic cleaner：电解清洗液Preheating：预热reheating furnace：重热熔炉crack：裂化temper rolling：斜坡轧制，硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整Coil preparation line：成卷预热线Over aging ：过时效,老化过度final cooling：最后冷却tandam cold rolling：拉锯冷轧Trimmer切边机Skinpass：表皮光轧delivery looper：传送活套BP coil：镀锡原板Heating area:加热区Furnace：加热炉Gas：煤气Mixed gas：混合煤气Nitrogen：氮气Oxygen：氧气Resident oxygen：炉内残氧Pressure：压力Volume：体积、流量Valve：阀门Slab：板坯Slab yard：板坯库Continuous cast slab：连铸板坯Width：宽度Thickness：厚度Length：长度Weight：重量Bend：弯曲Combust：燃烧Temperature：温度Centigrade degree：摄氏度Pyrometer ：高温计Thermocouples：热电偶Fixed beam：固定梁Walking beam：步进梁Forward：向前Backward：向后Discard：剔除Discard table：剔除辊道Charge：装炉Discharge：出炉Preheating zone：预热区Heating one：加热区Soaking zone：均热区Vaporizing cooling/ vapor cooling：气化冷却Soft water：软水Scale：氧化铁皮Ventilate：通风Chimney：烟囱Exhaust：废气Stack：烟道Roller able：辊道Baffle：挡板Charge machine：装钢机Discharge machine：出钢机Compressed air 压缩空气Burner 烧嘴Combustion air fan 助燃风机Recuperative 有恢复力的heat exchanger 回热式热交换器Refractory brick 耐火砖Mathematic model 数学模型Feed-forward 前馈Feedback 反馈Furnace pressure 炉压Temperature profile 温度曲线Hot rolling shop：热轧车间Mill轧机4-high finishing mill 四辊精轧机Rough mill 粗轧Screw down 压下Screw up 抬升辊缝Edger 立辊轧机，轧边机High-pressure descaling system 高压水除鳞系统Nozzle喷嘴Heat cover 保温罩Shear 剪机Hydraulic loop 液压活套Looper 活套Side guide 侧导卫Interstand cooling 机架间冷却Run-out table 精轧输出辊道Laminar cooling 层流冷却Head water tank 高位水箱Side stripper 侧喷头Pinch roll 夹送辊Down Coiler 卷取机Mandrel 卷取机芯轴Wrapper roller 助卷辊Coil stripper car 卸卷小车Strip catcher 卷取区域带钢拦截装置Gear motor 齿轮马达Coupling 接手，连接器Spindle 接轴Universal Spindle万向接轴Shaft 轴Roll changing device 换辊装置Crane 行车Bite 咬入Cascade speed adjustment 串联调速Cobble 堆钢事故，中间事故坯料Tension张力Tension control 张力控制Loop height 活套量/活套高度Speed up 升速Lock cylinder 锁紧缸Balance cylinder 平衡缸Lift 提升Shift 横移Leveling 校平，调平Zero 校零Alignment 对中Industrial water 循环水Water volume 水量Water pressure 水压Cooling rate 冷却速度Speed cone 速度锥Maintenance 检修，维护Pneumatic system 气动系统Roll shop 轧辊间Roll 轧辊Grinder 磨床Work roll grinder 工作辊磨床Combinative/universal grinder 组合磨床Work roll 工作辊Back-up roll 支撑辊Barrel 辊身Roll neck 辊颈Roll cooling 轧辊冷却Work roll chock 工作辊轴承座Work roll bending system 工作辊弯辊系统Work roll shifting system 工作辊窜辊系统Back-up roll chock 支撑辊轴承座Bearing 轴承Work roll bearing 工作辊轴承Oil film bearing/morgoil bearing 油膜轴承Headstock 头架Tailstock 尾架Grinding carriage 磨头滑架Wheel 砂轮Dressing diamond 修整金刚石Measure 测量Diameter 直径Ovality 不圆度Roundness 圆度Eccentricity 偏心度Contour 外形轮廓Geometry 几何尺寸，几何形状Curve 曲线Sine curve 正弦曲线Active curve 实际曲线Rated curve 额定曲线/设定的曲线Position 位置Axis 轴，数轴Horizontal 水平的Vertical 垂直的Calibration 校准，刻度Compensation 补偿Correction 纠正Control panel 控制面板，操作控制台Deviation 偏差Error 误差，错误Offset 偏差量Definition 定义Reverse 反转Swivel 回转，转动Distance 距离Range 范围Chamfer 凸度Centerline 中心线Infeed mode 进给模式Limit 限制，极限Limit switch 限位开关Scan 扫描Coolant 冷却剂Surface 表面Plunge grinding 掏沟磨削Caliper 测量卡规Optimize 优化Load roll 装辊Unload roll 卸辊Calibrate caliper 校准测量卡规Finishing area 精整区域Coil marking machine 钢卷标号机Coil strapping machine 钢卷打捆机Coil weighing device 钢卷称重装置Sampling shear 取样剪Transfer chain 链条运输机Walking beam transfer 步进梁运输机Coil yard 钢卷库Skin pass 平整机Saddle 鞍座Electric room 电气室Motor 电机Main motor 主电机Load 载荷Over load 过载Motor load 电机负荷Rolling force 轧制力Rolling speed 轧制速度MPM: meter per minute 米/分钟Torque 扭矩Rated torque 额定扭矩Voltage 电压Process computer 过程计算机Program 程序，编程PLC：programmable logic controller 可编程控制器Encoder 编码器Information 信息Ghost rolling 模拟轧制Measuring instrument 测量仪表X-ray X射线Thickness gauge 测厚仪Width gauge 测宽仪HMD: hot material detector 热金属探测仪CMD: cold material detector 冷金属探测仪Light barrier 光栅Automatic model 自动模式Semi-auto model 半自动模式Manual model 手动模式Emergency 紧急，急停Joggle 点动HMI：human machine interface 人机界面AC frequency converter 交流变频器I/O： input/output 输入/输出端口Step control 卷取机助卷辊的“踏步”控制Hydraulic system 液压系统Grease 甘油Oil station 油站SSC: Short stroke control 短行程控制AGC: automatic gauge control 自动压下控制AWC: automatic width control 自动宽度控制Pump 泵Screw pump 螺杆泵Filter 过滤器，滤网Cylinder 液压缸，圆柱体Valve stand 阀台Accumulator 蓄能器Leakage 泄漏Product 产品Grade 钢种Batch 一炉，一批Batch No. 炉批号Coil 钢卷Strip 带钢，薄带钢Sheet 钢板，薄钢板Plate 中厚板Physical performance 物理性能Mechanical performance 机械性能Strength 强度Elongation 延伸Flatness 平直度Plasticity 塑性Crown/chamber 凸度Hardness 硬度Microstructure 微观组织结构Austenite 奥氏体Ferrite 铁素体Pearlite 珠光体Deep drawn 深冲SPHC 普通级热轧钢板（卷）SPHD 深冲级热轧钢板（卷）SPCC 普通级冷轧钢板（卷）SPCD 深冲级冷轧钢板（卷High strength low-alloy steel 低合金高强度钢Silicon steel 硅钢，电工钢Galvanizing 镀锌Coating 涂镀，涂层Heat treatment 热处理Aging 时效处理Annealing 退火Quenching 淬火OtherAlarm 报警Anchoring bolt 地脚螺栓Yield 产量，成材率Ton 吨Annual 一年的Shift 班Safety 安全Radioactive hazard 放射性伤害Caution 注意，小心Layout 平面布置Document 文件Documentation 技术文本，技术文件报价书TOP: take-over point 交接点轧钢英语耐磨性 abrasive气孔 abscess横坐标 abscissa容纳、收纳 accommodating空气喷射 air ejection气动电机 air motor自动踏步控制 AJC=automatic jumping control定中心、对中 align排成直线、列队、对中 alignment交替、轮流 alternate电流量 amperage锚固、地脚 anchor 退火的 annealed一年一次的 annual能应用的、适用的、适合的 applicable 应用 application增多，重视 appreciate接近、进给 approach适合的、特有的 appropriate裙板 apron相变 arrest装配、组装、配件 assembly分配 assignment奥氏体 austenite奥氏体轧制 austenite rolling 奥氏体的 austenitic辅助液压 auxiliary hydraulic 轴向的 axial后退、退回 backlash平衡力 balance force球面丝杆 ball jack screw包装带分配器 banding dispenser 打捆带 banding strap冷却段 bank轴承架 bearing bracket轴承箱 bearing cage轴承座 bearing chock轴承滑块，托瓦 bearing shoes 口径、钻孔 bore支架、托架 bracket脆性 brittle 青铜 bronze水桶，废品箱 bucket四轮小车 buggy衬板 bushing碰撞仪 butt gauge计算 calculation凸轮 cam曲线度 cambering amount辊型误差 cambering profile 悬梁 cantilever有能力的 capable能力 capacity渗碳 carburized小车，砂轮架 carriage延伸辊道 carry over table 连铸坯分段剪 CC shear中心线 centerline离心机 centrifuge房间 chamber轴承座 chock垫板 choke linerC形沟 C-hook溜槽 chute圆周运动 circular motion过滤设备 clean-up device间隙 clearance废钢收集装置 cobble catcher带卷打捆机 coil banding machine 带卷运输机 coil conveyor带卷检查线 coil inspection line 带卷提升机 coil lifter托卷臂 coil loading arm带卷打号机 coil marking machine 开卷机 coil opener 带卷鞍座 coil saddle带卷鞍座 coil skid带卷站 coil station卸卷小车 coil stripper car带卷回转台 coil turner带卷称重装置 coil weighter带卷跨 coil yard卷取机进口侧导板 coiler entry side guide卷取温度 coiling temperature收缩状态 collapsed校准仪，准直仪 collimator燃烧 combustion补偿 compensated复杂的 complicate压缩空气 compressed air计算机数据传输线 computer data line 凹面 concave构想，认为 conceive概念 concept水泥，钢筋混凝土 concrete条件 condition联接 conjunction控制台 console统一，一致 consortium控制器 controller凸面 convex凸形 convex profile输送，运输 convey冷却水 cooling water冷却水管 cooling water header 相互作用 correlation腐蚀性的 corrosive支架 cradle托辊 cradle roll 标准，准则 criterion临界点 critical point十字接头式万向接头cross pin type universal joint结晶 crystallization立方体的 cubic曲线 curve剪切力 cutting force剪切速度 cutting speed周期的 cyclic圆柱度 cylindricity缓冲，减振 dampen缺陷 defect偏转辊 deflector roll变形 deformation变形抗力 deformation resistance不管，危害 despite超声波式涡流探伤仪detector of ultrasonic or eddy current type消耗，磨损 deteriorate不利的，有害的 detrimental数字位置传感器digital positioning sensor先导伺服阀 direct servo valve散乱，分散 dispersion忽视 disregard明显的，不同的 distinct分配器 distributor龙门式 double column type地下卷取机 down coiler翻转装置 down ender下游的 downstream转鼓 drum转鼓更换钩 drum changing hook柔性，柔软的 ductile延展性，延伸率 ductility变钝，钝的 dull 动态的 dynamic动平衡 dynamic balance偏心套 eccentricity ring偏心轴 eccentricity shaft弹性材料 elastic material电液伺服控制 electro-hydraulic servo control高度 elevation除去，消除 eliminated经验的 empiric能量 energy必要的，必不可少的 essential优于，擅长 excel专有的 exclusive偏差 excursion实现 execute伸展 expand分离（拆卸）装置 extractor面板，花盘 faceplate特点，特征 feature毛毡 felt铁素体 ferrite铁素体轧钢 ferrite rolling铁素体结构 ferritic填充辊道 fill-in table精轧机出口温度finisher delivery temperature精轧机进口温度finisher entry temperature裂纹 fissure固定导板 fixed guide法兰 flange楔形 flared shape平面液晶显示器 flat-face CRT裂纹 flaw易弯曲的 flexible 挠性推爪 flexible dog 荧光的 fluorescent尾座 foot stock地脚螺栓 foundation bolt 框架 frame全扩展状态 fully expanded 漏斗形 funnel级别，钢种 grade晶粒 grain干油 grease磨床 grinder磨，打磨 ground挡板 guard导卫 guide导辊 guide roller导板 guide-liner导向导板 guiding apron旋转 gyrating手轮 hand wheel钩子 hanger床头 head stock高位水箱系统 head tank system集水管 header喷水横梁 header piping保温罩 heat holding cover高速飞剪 high speed strip shear高速穿带装置high speed strip threading device绞接 hinge高速转动体 high-rotor起重机 hoist压紧辊 hold down roll碳素结构钢 Carbon Construction Steel 碳素工具钢 Carbon Tool Steel合金结构钢 Alloy Construction Steel 合金工具钢 Alloy Tool Steel高速工具钢 High Speed Tool Steel弹簧钢 Spring Steel不锈耐热钢 Stainless & Heat Resisting Steel轴承钢 Bearing Steel工字钢 I-beam普通圆钢 Round Steel槽钢 Channel扁钢 Flat Steel Bar等边角钢 Equal Angle Steel不等边角钢 Unequal Angle Steel型钢 H-beam钢坯 Billet Bloom钢筋混凝土用变形钢筋 High Strength Deformed Steel Bar窗框钢 Window Sash中厚钢板 Steel Plate热轧钢板（卷） Hot Rolled Steel Coil 冷轧钢板（卷） Cold Rolled Steel Coil 镀锌钢板（卷） Galvanized Steel Coil 钢带 Steel Strip线材 Wire Rod Coil无缝钢管 Seamless Steel Pipe锅炉管 Boiler Tube石油套管 Pipe For Oil Field高压管 Pressure Pipe高压气瓶用管 Tube for High-Pressure Vessel地质钻探用管 Seamless Steel Pipe For Geological Drill In镀锌焊管 Galvanized Welded Pipe石油钻探杆 Drill Pipe For Oil Field 铸铁管 Cast Iron Pipe重轨 Heavy Rail轻轨 Light Rail炼钢生铁 Basic Pig Iron铸造生铁 foundry Pig Iron普通圆钢钉Round Nails for General Uses镀锌低碳钢丝Galvanized Low Carbon Steel Wire.钢丝绳 Steel Wire Rope钢绞线 Stranded Wire预应力混凝土钢丝Steel Wire For Prestressed Concrete窗纱 Window Screen车轮 Wheel Tyre轮筛 Wheel Circle卸油leakage oil line 回油return oil line进油supply oil line。
new study roomtemperature superconductor
目前的研究表明，常温超导仍然是一个挑战性的目标。
尽管科学家们一直在不断寻找新的材料和方法，但实现真正的常温超导仍然存在许多技术上的难题。
在过去的几十年中，已经发现了一些高温超导材料，其中最具代表性的是铜氧化物和铁基超导体。
这些材料在相对较高的温度下展现出超导性质，但仍需冷却至较低温度来维持其超导状态。
尽管这些温度较传统的超导材料更高，但仍然需要复杂的冷却系统。
目前，科学家们正在寻找更多具有高温超导特性的材料，并尝试改变材料的结构和化学组成，以提高超导转变温度。
此外，研究人员还在探索新的物理机制和理论模型，以加深对高温超导机制的理解。
常温超导研究的难点之一是找到一种材料，它能够在常温（室温）下显示出相对较高的超导转变温度，而无需复杂的冷却。
这要求对超导机制有更深入的理解，并且需要在材料合成、结晶和处理方面取得进一步的突破。
此外，常温超导材料还需要具备良好的电流输运性能和稳定性，以满足实际应用的要求。
虽然现在的常温超导研究还面临许多挑战，但科学家们对于未来实现这一目标仍然持有乐观态度。
随着技术的不断进步和新的科学发现，我们可能会在未来看到常温超导的实现，并带来革命性的应用和发展。
The current status of room-temperature superconductivity remains a challenging goal. Despite ongoing efforts by scientists to search for new materials and approaches, achieving true room-temperature superconductivity still poses many technological obstacles.Over the past several decades, some high-temperature superconducting materials have been discovered, with cuprates and iron-based superconductors being the most notable examples. These materials exhibit superconducting properties at relatively higher temperatures, although they still require cooling to maintain their superconducting states. While these temperatures are higher than those of traditional superconductors, complex cooling systems are still necessary.Currently, scientists are actively searching for more materials with high-temperature superconducting properties and exploring ways to manipulate the structures and chemical compositions of materials to enhance the superconducting transition temperatures. Additionally, researchers are investigating new physical mechanisms and theoretical models to deepen our understanding of high-temperature superconductivity.One of the challenges in room-temperature superconductivity research is finding a material that can exhibit relatively high superconducting transition temperatures at ambient conditions without the need for complex cooling. This requires a deeper understanding of the underlying superconducting mechanisms and breakthroughs in material synthesis, crystallization, and processing. Furthermore, materials exhibiting room-temperature superconductivity need to possess good electrical transport properties and stability to meet the requirements of practical applications.While there are still significant challenges in achieving room-temperature superconductivity, scientists remain optimistic about the possibility in the future. With advancing technologies and new scientific discoveries, it is possible that we may witness the realization of room-temperature superconductivity, leading to revolutionary applications and developments.。
机械专业英语词汇[1]
![机械专业英语词汇[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/da8ddf53a98271fe910ef9c6.png)
机械专业英语词汇[1] Carburizing Steel 碳钢Cast-Steel 铸钢Cast-Steel Pipe 铸钢管Cold-Pressed Sheet Steel 冷压薄钢板Cold-Strip Steel Rolling Mill 冷轧带钢机; 带钢冷轧机Cold-Strip Steel Rolling Mill 冷轧带钢机; 带钢冷轧机Common Straight Carbon Steel 普通碳素钢合金工具钢Alloy Tool Steel合金结构钢Alloy Construction Steel碳素工具钢Carbon Tool Steel高速工具钢High Speed Tool Steel弹簧钢Spring Steel工字钢Ibeam普通圆钢Round Steel槽钢Channel扁钢Flat Steel Bar等边角钢Equal Angle Steel不等边角钢Unequal Angle Steelh型钢Hbeam钢坯Billet,Bloom钢带Steel Strip线材Wire Rod Coil车轮Wheel Tyre轮筛Wheel Circlerolling-mill housing 轧机机架bed 底座roller 辊bed 底座roller 辊moulded steel 铸钢alloy steel 合金钢bloom 初轧方坯coiled sheet 带状薄板heating 加热preheating 预热tempering 回火temper 回火hardening 淬水annealing 退火reduction 还原cooling 冷却rolling 轧制drawing 拉拔extrusion 挤压wiredrawing 拉丝stamping, pressing 冲压die casting 拉模铸造forging 锻造turning 车削milling 铣削machining, tooling 加工blowhole 气孔Black Mild Steel Hexagonal Nut 黑铁六角螺丝帽Black Mild Steel Pan Head Rivet 黑铁锥头铆钉Black Mild Steel Round Head Rivet 黑铁圆头铆钉Black Mild Steel Square Nut 黑铁四方螺丝帽accelerated cooling 加速冷却accelerated creep 加速蠕变accelerated diffusion 加速扩散accelerated leaching 加速浸出accelerated rolling 加速轧制stainless steel 不锈钢Austenitic Steel 奥氏体钢Austenitic Stainless Steel 奥氏体不锈钢Banding Steel 带钢; 箍钢Bar Steel 棒钢; 条钢Carbon Content Of Steel 钢含碳量austenitic alloy steel 奥氏体合金钢axle shaft steel 车轴钢Cold-Roll Steel Sheets 冷轧钢板无缝钢管Seamless Steel Pipeiron and steel industry 钢铁工业stamping, pressing 冲压blowhole 气孔Bearing Steel 轴承钢吐丝机和输送机laying head and conveyor converter 变频器，转炉approach table 输入辊道backstepping 逐步退焊法backup roll 支承辊backup roll bending 支承辊弯曲break down mill 开毗机breakdown bar 中间轧坯bumper 挡板bunch 捆bunching machine 线盘捆扎机butt welding 对接焊centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal pump 离心泵centrifugal separator 离心分离器chilled roll 冷硬铸铁轧辊cluster 群cluster mill 多辊轧机;六辊式轧机coefficient 系数coefficient of absorption 吸收系数coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubic expansion 体膨胀系数coefficient of elasticity 弹性系数coefficient of elasticity in shear 剪切弹性模量cog 初轧坯cogged ingot 初轧坯cogging 初轧cold riveting 冷铆cold rolled band 冷轧带钢cold rolled shape 冷轧型钢cold rolled sheet 冷轧薄板cold rolled steel 冷轧钢cold rolled strip 冷轧带钢cold rolled tube 冷轧管cold repair 冷修continuous cold mill train 连续冷轧机组continuous cooling 连续冷却continuous drawing 连续拉伸continuous drawing machine 连续拉线机continuous finishing mill group 连续精轧机组continuous mill 连轧机continuous roughing mill group 连续粗轧机组continuous rolling 连续轧制crocodile shears 杠杆式剪断机crop 钢锭切头crop bucket 切头箱crop conveyor 切头运输机crop loss 切头损耗crop shears 剪头机cropping 切头cropping saw 切头锯cross roll straightener 斜辊矫直机cross roll straightening machine 斜辊矫直机cross rolling 横向轧制cross rolling mill 横轧机cross rolls 斜辊crank shears 曲柄式剪切机critical density 临界密度critical diameter 临界直径critical grain growth 临界晶粒长大critical load 临界荷重critical mass 临界质量critical nucleus size 临界核尺寸critical point 临界点critical quenching rate 临界淬火速度critical range 临界范围critical shear stress 临界切应力critical speed 临界速度critical state 临界状态critical stress 临界应力critical temperature 临界温度critical value 临界值critical velocity 临界速度生产工程：iron making: 炼铁steel making:炼钢continuous caster:连续浇铸hot rolled sheet: 热轧薄板steel plate:钢板wire rod:盘条cold rolled:冷轧的, 冷态滚压的cold rolled steel sheet: 冷轧薄钢板cold rolled coil:冷轧薄卷hot-dip galvanized steel strip:热浸镀锌钢卷electrical steel sheet:电工钢（片）electrical galvanized:电镀锌的black plate:黑钢板tin plate: 马口铁, 锡钢片, 镀锡钢片[钢板]wide heavy plate 宽厚钢板热轧卷板：scrap:废金属, 金属废料, 废铁, 废钢HBI：热铁块Hot metal:铁水electric arc furnace:电弧炼钢炉AOD(argon oxygen decarburization)：氩氧脱碳，炼钢法的一种VOD（vacuum oxygen decarburization）：真空氧脱碳炼钢法(注：钢水真空脱气(VD)及真空氧脱碳(VOD)是两个主要二次炼钢法reduction unit：轧制装置,轧机induction heater：电感(应)加热器acceleration furnace:加速炉coil box：带卷开卷箱finishing mill：精轧机hot rolled coil：热轧带卷reheating furnace：再加热炉roughing stands:粗轧机座continuous finishing stand:连续精轧机座uncoiler:开卷机hot rolled slitted coils:热轧纵剪卷black coils:黑卷pickled sheets in cut lengh:酸洗开平板厚板reheating furnace：再加热炉roughing mill:粗轧机finishing mill：精轧机steel plate:钢板accelerated cooling: 加速冷却hot leveling:热平整，热矫正slitting line:带材纵剪椎线shot blast: 喷砂清理quenching:淬火，急冷tempering:回火normalizing:正火cold leveling:冷平整，冷矫正线材continuous reheating furnace: 连续式加热炉roughing stands:粗轧机座finishing stands：精轧机座steimor line：切割成盘条的一道工序garret line:盘条取放线wire rod:盘条冷轧钢板:slab：扁钢锭pickling:酸洗cold rolling mill:冷轧机electrolytic cleaner:电解清洗液preheating:预热soaking cooling:均匀退热rapid cooling: 快速冷却over aging: 过时效,老化过度final cooling: 最后冷却continuous annealing line：连续退火线recoiling：重绕temper rolling: 硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整batch annealing line:成批退火线cold rolled coil:冷轧薄板side trimming: 切侧边shearing line:剪切线cold rolled sheet:冷轧薄板电镀锌pay off reel：松卷机shearer：剪切机, 剪断机entry looper: 进口活套挑tension leveller：张力平整机coating section:涂镀断面tow-lay coating cell：双面涂镀电解槽chromate: 铬酸盐phosphate: 磷酸盐anti-fingerprinting:防指纹exit looper: 出口活套挑inspection table: 检查工作台架oiling:涂油tension reel: 张力卷取机electro-galvanized coil:电镀锌卷热镀锌（熔融镀锌）welding: 焊接scale breaker: 除鳞机, 铁皮清除机heat treating furnace:热处理炉minimize spangle:微化晶粒coating bath: 镀槽air cooling: 空气冷却water cooling:水冷却rough rolling:粗轧leveling: 矫正, 平整Chemical conversion treatment: 化学转换法,化学转换处理Hot-dip galvanized steel strip:热浸镀锌钢带（卷）镀锡原板：Electrolytic cleaning：电解处理Electrolytic cleaner：电解清洗液Preheating：预热reheating furnace：重热熔炉crack：裂化temper rolling：斜坡轧制，硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整Coil preparation line：成卷预热线Over aging ：过时效,老化过度final cooling：最后冷却tandam cold rolling：拉锯冷轧Trimmer：切边机Skinpass：表皮光轧delivery looper：传送活套挑BP coil：镀锡原板金属切削metal cutting机床machine tool金属工艺学technology of metals刀具cutter摩擦friction联结link传动drive/transmission轴shaft弹性elasticity频率特性frequency characteristic误差error响应response定位allocation机床夹具jig动力学dynamic运动学kinematic静力学static分析力学analyse mechanics拉伸pulling压缩hitting剪切shear扭转twist弯曲应力bending stress强度intensity三相交流电three-phase AC磁路magnetic circles变压器transformer异步电动机asynchronous motor几何形状geometrical精度precision正弦形的sinusoid交流电路AC circuit机械加工余量machining allowance变形力deforming force变形deformation应力stress硬度rigidity热处理heat treatment退火anneal正火normalizing脱碳decarburization渗碳carburization电路circuit半导体元件semiconductor element反馈feedback发生器generator直流电源DC electrical source门电路gate circuit逻辑代数logic algebra外圆磨削external grinding内圆磨削internal grinding平面磨削plane grinding变速箱gearbox离合器clutch绞孔fraising绞刀reamer螺纹加工thread processing螺钉screw铣削mill铣刀milling cutter功率power工件workpiece齿轮加工gear mechining齿轮gear主运动main movement主运动方向direction of main movement进给方向direction of feed进给运动feed movement合成进给运动resultant movement of feed合成切削运动resultant movement of cutting合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting 切削深度cutting depth前刀面rake face刀尖nose of tool前角rake angle后角clearance angle龙门刨削planing主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith锻forge压模stamping焊weld拉床broaching machine拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluid dynamics流体力学fluid mechanics加工machining液压hydraulic pressure切线tangent机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 气压air pressure pneumatic pressure稳定性stability介质medium液压驱动泵fluid clutch液压泵hydraulic pump阀门valve失效invalidation强度intensity载荷load应力stress安全系数safty factor可靠性reliability螺纹thread螺旋helix键spline销pin滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧spring制动器arrester brake十字结联轴节crosshead联轴器coupling链chain皮带strap精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀rust氧化oxidation磨损wear耐用度durability随机信号random signal离散信号discrete signal超声传感器ultrasonic sensor集成电路integrate circuit挡板orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒sleeve扭力torsion冷加工cold machining电动机electromotor汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit热加工hotwork摄像头CCD camera倒角rounding chamfer优化设计optimal design工业造型设计industrial moulding design有限元finite element滚齿hobbing插齿gear shaping伺服电机actuating motor铣床milling machine钻床drill machine镗床boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠screw rod导轨lead rail组件subassembly可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC 电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting相图phase diagram热处理heat treatment固态相变solid state phase changes有色金属nonferrous metal陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion 车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy 动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel。
冷轧专业英语
冷轧常用专业词汇表一、首钢京唐（酸轧机组）常用词1.entry W/B conveyor 入口步进梁运输机2. entry coil turner 旋转台3.entry coil car 入口钢卷车4.pay off reel 开卷机5.processor 处理器6.coll opener 开卷器7.ertry shear with pinch roll 入口剪带夹送辊8.scrap disposal equipment 废料处理装置9.deflector pinch roll 转向夹送辊10. deflector roll 转向辊11.welder 焊机12.notcher 月牙剪13.side guide 边部对中14.bridle roll 张力辊15.steering roll 纠偏辊16.tension meter roll 张力计辊17.tension leveller 拉伸破磷机18.entry wringer roll 入口挤干辊19.dryer 干燥器20.side notcher 月牙剪21.hold down roll 压辊22.side trimmer 切边剪23.scrap chopper 碎边剪24.scrap conveyor 废料运输带25.burr masher 去毛刺机l 轧机l motor 轧机主电机28.rotary shear 飞剪29.carrousel reel张力卷取机30.inspection table 检查台31.sleeve bucket transfer car 套筒运输车32.delivery coil conveyor 出口步进梁运输机33.skid 鞍座34.nozzle 喷嘴二、浙江东南1. Reversing Cold Mill (RCM) 可逆式冷轧机2. Motor Control Center (MCC) 电机控制中心3. E-house 电器室4. transformer 变压器5. skin pass mill (或temper mill) 平整机6. product mix 产品大纲7.coil weight 卷重8. stack weight 垛重9. workbase 炉台10. Specific coil weight 卷材单重11. inner cover 内罩12. heating bell加热罩13. cooling bell 冷却罩14. filter mesh 过滤器网15. pressure switch 压力开关16. isolating unit 隔离装置17. control relay 控制继电器18. emulsion room 乳化液站19. combustion 燃烧20. butterfly valve 蝶形阀21. Safety Equipment 安全设备22. roll chock 轴承座23. Spraying header 喷淋水管（喷淋头）24. Mill stand piping 轧机机座管系(管线)25. Drive spindles 驱动轴26. Cross cut shear 横剪机组27. Pivot 枢轴28. Coil car 卷材移动台车29. Segments （胀缩式卷筒）扇形体30. Snubber roll 缓冲辊31. Groove 凹槽32. flange法兰33. Shape Measuring Roll 板形仪34. Delivery (entry)Tension Reel 出(入)口卷取机35. Foundation Bolts and Nuts 基础螺栓36. Interconnecting piping 中间管线37. Gear Coupling 齿轮联轴器38. Load test 负载测试39. Breakage断带40. Stoppage 停车cold rolled: 冷轧的, 冷态滚压的cold rolled steel sheet: 冷轧薄钢板cold rolled coil : 冷轧薄卷electrical steel sheet: 电工钢（片）uncoiler: 开卷机reheating furnace: 再加热炉cold leveling: 冷平整，冷矫正pickling: 酸洗cold rolling mill: 冷轧机electrolytic cleaner: 电解清洗液preheating: 预热soaking cooling: 均匀退热rapid cooling: 快速冷却over aging: 过时效,老化过度final cooling: 最后冷却continuous annealing line：连续退火线recoiling：重绕temper rolling: 硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整batch annealing line: 成批退火线cold rolled coil: 冷轧薄板side trimming: 切侧边shearing line: 剪切线cold rolled sheet: 冷轧薄板pay off reel：松卷机shearer：剪切机, 剪断机entry looper: 进口活套tension leveler：张力平整机coating section:涂镀断面welding: 焊接scale breaker: 除鳞机, 铁皮清除机heat treating furnace: 热处理炉minimize spangle: 微化晶粒coating bath: 镀槽air cooling: 空气冷却water cooling: 水冷却leveling: 矫正, 平整Hot-dip galvanized steel strip: 热浸镀锌钢带（卷）Electrolytic cleaning：电解处理Electrolytic cleaner：电解清洗液Preheating：预热reheating furnace：重热熔炉crack：裂化temper rolling：斜坡轧制，硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整Coil preparation line：成卷预热线Over aging ：过时效,老化过度final cooling：最后冷却tandam cold rolling：拉锯冷轧Trimmer切边机Skinpass：表皮光轧delivery looper：传送活套BP coil：镀锡原板Heating area:加热区Furnace：加热炉Gas：煤气Mixed gas：混合煤气Nitrogen：氮气Oxygen：氧气Resident oxygen：炉内残氧Pressure：压力Volume：体积、流量Valve：阀门Slab：板坯Slab yard：板坯库Continuous cast slab：连铸板坯Width：宽度Thickness：厚度Length：长度Weight：重量Bend：弯曲Combust：燃烧Temperature：温度Centigrade degree：摄氏度Pyrometer ：高温计Thermocouples：热电偶Fixed beam：固定梁Walking beam：步进梁Forward：向前Backward：向后Discard：剔除Discard table：剔除辊道Charge：装炉Discharge：出炉Preheating zone：预热区Heating one：加热区Soaking zone：均热区Vaporizing cooling/ vapor cooling：气化冷却Soft water：软水Scale：氧化铁皮Ventilate：通风Chimney：烟囱Exhaust：废气Stack：烟道Roller able：辊道Baffle：挡板Charge machine：装钢机Discharge machine：出钢机Compressed air 压缩空气Burner 烧嘴Combustion air fan 助燃风机Recuperative 有恢复力的heat exchanger 回热式热交换器Refractory brick 耐火砖Mathematic model 数学模型Feed-forward 前馈Feedback 反馈Furnace pressure 炉压Temperature profile 温度曲线Hot rolling shop：热轧车间Mill轧机4-high finishing mill 四辊精轧机Rough mill 粗轧Screw down 压下Screw up 抬升辊缝Edger 立辊轧机，轧边机High-pressure descaling system 高压水除鳞系统Nozzle喷嘴Heat cover 保温罩Shear 剪机Hydraulic loop 液压活套Looper 活套Side guide 侧导卫Interstand cooling 机架间冷却Run-out table 精轧输出辊道Laminar cooling 层流冷却Head water tank 高位水箱Side stripper 侧喷头Pinch roll 夹送辊Down Coiler 卷取机Mandrel 卷取机芯轴Wrapper roller 助卷辊Coil stripper car 卸卷小车Strip catcher 卷取区域带钢拦截装置Gear motor 齿轮马达Coupling 接手，连接器Spindle 接轴Universal Spindle万向接轴Shaft 轴Roll changing device 换辊装置Crane 行车Bite 咬入Cascade speed adjustment 串联调速Cobble 堆钢事故，中间事故坯料Tension张力Tension control 张力控制Loop height 活套量/活套高度Speed up 升速Lock cylinder 锁紧缸Balance cylinder 平衡缸Lift 提升Shift 横移Leveling 校平，调平Zero 校零Alignment 对中Industrial water 循环水Water volume 水量Water pressure 水压Cooling rate 冷却速度Speed cone 速度锥Maintenance 检修，维护Pneumatic system 气动系统Roll shop 轧辊间Roll 轧辊Grinder 磨床Work roll grinder 工作辊磨床Combinative/universal grinder 组合磨床Work roll 工作辊Back-up roll 支撑辊Barrel 辊身Roll neck 辊颈Roll cooling 轧辊冷却Work roll chock 工作辊轴承座Work roll bending system 工作辊弯辊系统Work roll shifting system 工作辊窜辊系统Back-up roll chock 支撑辊轴承座Bearing 轴承Work roll bearing 工作辊轴承Oil film bearing/morgoil bearing 油膜轴承Headstock 头架Tailstock 尾架Grinding carriage 磨头滑架Wheel 砂轮Dressing diamond 修整金刚石Measure 测量Diameter 直径Ovality 不圆度Roundness 圆度Eccentricity 偏心度Contour 外形轮廓Geometry 几何尺寸，几何形状Curve 曲线Sine curve 正弦曲线Active curve 实际曲线Rated curve 额定曲线/设定的曲线Position 位置Axis 轴，数轴Horizontal 水平的Vertical 垂直的Calibration 校准，刻度Compensation 补偿Correction 纠正Control panel 控制面板，操作控制台Deviation 偏差Error 误差，错误Offset 偏差量Definition 定义Reverse 反转Swivel 回转，转动Distance 距离Range 范围Chamfer 凸度Centerline 中心线Infeed mode 进给模式Limit 限制，极限Limit switch 限位开关Scan 扫描Coolant 冷却剂Surface 表面Plunge grinding 掏沟磨削Caliper 测量卡规Optimize 优化Load roll 装辊Unload roll 卸辊Calibrate caliper 校准测量卡规Finishing area 精整区域Coil marking machine 钢卷标号机Coil strapping machine 钢卷打捆机Coil weighing device 钢卷称重装置Sampling shear 取样剪Transfer chain 链条运输机Walking beam transfer 步进梁运输机Coil yard 钢卷库Skin pass 平整机Saddle 鞍座Electric room 电气室Motor 电机Main motor 主电机Load 载荷Over load 过载Motor load 电机负荷Rolling force 轧制力Rolling speed 轧制速度MPM: meter per minute 米/分钟Torque 扭矩Rated torque 额定扭矩Voltage 电压Process computer 过程计算机Program 程序，编程PLC：programmable logic controller 可编程控制器Encoder 编码器Information 信息Ghost rolling 模拟轧制Measuring instrument 测量仪表X-ray X射线Thickness gauge 测厚仪Width gauge 测宽仪HMD: hot material detector 热金属探测仪CMD: cold material detector 冷金属探测仪Light barrier 光栅Automatic model 自动模式Semi-auto model 半自动模式Manual model 手动模式Emergency 紧急，急停Joggle 点动HMI：human machine interface 人机界面AC frequency converter 交流变频器I/O： input/output 输入/输出端口Step control 卷取机助卷辊的“踏步”控制Hydraulic system 液压系统Grease 甘油Oil station 油站SSC: Short stroke control 短行程控制AGC: automatic gauge control 自动压下控制AWC: automatic width control 自动宽度控制Pump 泵Screw pump 螺杆泵Filter 过滤器，滤网Cylinder 液压缸，圆柱体Valve stand 阀台Accumulator 蓄能器Leakage 泄漏Product 产品Grade 钢种Batch 一炉，一批Batch No. 炉批号Coil 钢卷Strip 带钢，薄带钢Sheet 钢板，薄钢板Plate 中厚板Physical performance 物理性能Mechanical performance 机械性能Strength 强度Elongation 延伸Flatness 平直度Plasticity 塑性Crown/chamber 凸度Hardness 硬度Microstructure 微观组织结构Austenite 奥氏体Ferrite 铁素体Pearlite 珠光体Deep drawn 深冲SPHC 普通级热轧钢板（卷）SPHD 深冲级热轧钢板（卷）SPCC 普通级冷轧钢板（卷）SPCD 深冲级冷轧钢板（卷High strength low-alloy steel 低合金高强度钢Silicon steel 硅钢，电工钢Galvanizing 镀锌Coating 涂镀，涂层Heat treatment 热处理Aging 时效处理Annealing 退火Quenching 淬火OtherAlarm 报警Anchoring bolt 地脚螺栓Yield 产量，成材率Ton 吨Annual 一年的Shift 班Safety 安全Radioactive hazard 放射性伤害Caution 注意，小心Layout 平面布置Document 文件Documentation 技术文本，技术文件报价书TOP: take-over point 交接点轧钢英语耐磨性 abrasive气孔 abscess横坐标 abscissa容纳、收纳 accommodating空气喷射 air ejection气动电机 air motor自动踏步控制 AJC=automatic jumping control定中心、对中 align排成直线、列队、对中 alignment交替、轮流 alternate电流量 amperage锚固、地脚 anchor退火的 annealed一年一次的 annual能应用的、适用的、适合的 applicable 应用 application增多，重视 appreciate接近、进给 approach适合的、特有的 appropriate裙板 apron相变 arrest装配、组装、配件 assembly分配 assignment奥氏体 austenite奥氏体轧制 austenite rolling奥氏体的 austenitic辅助液压 auxiliary hydraulic轴向的 axial后退、退回 backlash平衡力 balance force球面丝杆 ball jack screw包装带分配器 banding dispenser 打捆带 banding strap冷却段 bank轴承架 bearing bracket轴承箱 bearing cage轴承座 bearing chock轴承滑块，托瓦 bearing shoes 口径、钻孔 bore支架、托架 bracket脆性 brittle青铜 bronze水桶，废品箱 bucket四轮小车 buggy衬板 bushing碰撞仪 butt gauge计算 calculation凸轮 cam曲线度 cambering amount辊型误差 cambering profile 悬梁 cantilever有能力的 capable能力 capacity渗碳 carburized小车，砂轮架 carriage延伸辊道 carry over table连铸坯分段剪 CC shear中心线 centerline离心机 centrifuge房间 chamber轴承座 chock垫板 choke linerC形沟 C-hook溜槽 chute圆周运动 circular motion过滤设备 clean-up device间隙 clearance废钢收集装置 cobble catcher带卷打捆机 coil banding machine带卷运输机 coil conveyor带卷检查线 coil inspection line带卷提升机 coil lifter托卷臂 coil loading arm带卷打号机 coil marking machine开卷机 coil opener带卷鞍座 coil saddle带卷鞍座 coil skid带卷站 coil station卸卷小车 coil stripper car带卷回转台 coil turner带卷称重装置 coil weighter带卷跨 coil yard卷取机进口侧导板 coiler entry side guide卷取温度 coiling temperature收缩状态 collapsed校准仪，准直仪 collimator燃烧 combustion补偿 compensated复杂的 complicate压缩空气 compressed air计算机数据传输线 computer data line 凹面 concave构想，认为 conceive概念 concept水泥，钢筋混凝土 concrete条件 condition联接 conjunction控制台 console统一，一致 consortium控制器 controller凸面 convex凸形 convex profile输送，运输 convey冷却水 cooling water冷却水管 cooling water header相互作用 correlation腐蚀性的 corrosive支架 cradle托辊 cradle roll标准，准则 criterion 临界点 critical point十字接头式万向接头cross pin type universal joint结晶 crystallization立方体的 cubic曲线 curve剪切力 cutting force剪切速度 cutting speed周期的 cyclic圆柱度 cylindricity缓冲，减振 dampen缺陷 defect偏转辊 deflector roll变形 deformation变形抗力 deformation resistance不管，危害 despite超声波式涡流探伤仪detector of ultrasonic or eddy current type消耗，磨损 deteriorate不利的，有害的 detrimental数字位置传感器digital positioning sensor先导伺服阀 direct servo valve散乱，分散 dispersion忽视 disregard明显的，不同的 distinct分配器 distributor龙门式 double column type地下卷取机 down coiler翻转装置 down ender下游的 downstream转鼓 drum转鼓更换钩 drum changing hook柔性，柔软的 ductile延展性，延伸率 ductility变钝，钝的 dull动态的 dynamic动平衡 dynamic balance偏心套 eccentricity ring偏心轴 eccentricity shaft弹性材料 elastic material电液伺服控制 electro-hydraulic servo control高度 elevation除去，消除 eliminated经验的 empiric能量 energy必要的，必不可少的 essential优于，擅长 excel专有的 exclusive偏差 excursion实现 execute伸展 expand分离（拆卸）装置 extractor面板，花盘 faceplate特点，特征 feature毛毡 felt铁素体 ferrite铁素体轧钢 ferrite rolling铁素体结构 ferritic填充辊道 fill-in table精轧机出口温度finisher delivery temperature精轧机进口温度finisher entry temperature裂纹 fissure固定导板 fixed guide法兰 flange楔形 flared shape平面液晶显示器 flat-face CRT裂纹 flaw易弯曲的 flexible挠性推爪 flexible dog荧光的 fluorescent尾座 foot stock地脚螺栓 foundation bolt框架 frame全扩展状态 fully expanded漏斗形 funnel级别，钢种 grade晶粒 grain干油 grease磨床 grinder磨，打磨 ground挡板 guard导卫 guide导辊 guide roller导板 guide-liner导向导板 guiding apron旋转 gyrating手轮 hand wheel钩子 hanger床头 head stock 高位水箱系统 head tank system集水管 header喷水横梁 header piping保温罩 heat holding cover高速飞剪 high speed strip shear高速穿带装置high speed strip threading device绞接 hinge高速转动体 high-rotor起重机 hoist压紧辊 hold down roll碳素结构钢 Carbon Construction Steel 碳素工具钢 Carbon Tool Steel合金结构钢 Alloy Construction Steel 合金工具钢 Alloy Tool Steel高速工具钢 High Speed Tool Steel弹簧钢 Spring Steel不锈耐热钢 Stainless & Heat Resisting Steel轴承钢 Bearing Steel工字钢 I-beam普通圆钢 Round Steel槽钢 Channel扁钢 Flat Steel Bar等边角钢 Equal Angle Steel不等边角钢 Unequal Angle Steel型钢 H-beam钢坯 Billet Bloom钢筋混凝土用变形钢筋 High Strength Deformed Steel Bar窗框钢 Window Sash中厚钢板 Steel Plate热轧钢板（卷） Hot Rolled Steel Coil 冷轧钢板（卷） Cold Rolled Steel Coil 镀锌钢板（卷） Galvanized Steel Coil 钢带 Steel Strip线材 Wire Rod Coil无缝钢管 Seamless Steel Pipe锅炉管 Boiler Tube石油套管 Pipe For Oil Field高压管 Pressure Pipe高压气瓶用管 Tube for High-Pressure Vessel地质钻探用管 Seamless Steel Pipe For Geological Drill In镀锌焊管 Galvanized Welded Pipe石油钻探杆 Drill Pipe For Oil Field 铸铁管 Cast Iron Pipe重轨 Heavy Rail轻轨 Light Rail炼钢生铁 Basic Pig Iron铸造生铁 foundry Pig Iron普通圆钢钉Round Nails for General Uses镀锌低碳钢丝Galvanized Low Carbon Steel Wire.钢丝绳 Steel Wire Rope钢绞线 Stranded Wire预应力混凝土钢丝Steel Wire For Prestressed Concrete窗纱 Window Screen车轮 Wheel Tyre轮筛 Wheel Circle卸油leakage oil line 回油return oil line 进油supply oil line。
冷轧中英文对照
hot-dip galvanized steel strip:热浸镀锌钢卷
electrical galvanized:电镀锌的
electrical steel sheet:电工钢（片）
black plate:黑钢板
tin plate: 马口铁, 锡钢片, 镀锡钢片[钢板] 热轧卷板：
shearer：剪切机, 剪断机
tension leveller：张力平整机
tow-lay coating cell：双面涂镀电解槽
phosphate: 磷酸盐
exit looper: 出口活套挑
oiling:涂油
inspection table: 检查工作台架
tension reel: 张力卷取机
coating bath: 镀槽
water cooling:水冷却
leveling: 矫正, 平整
Chemical conversion treatment: 化学转换法,化学转换处理
Hot-dip galvanized steel strip:热浸镀锌钢带（卷） 镀锡原板：
Electrolytic cleaning：电解处理
reheating furnace：再加热炉
finishing mill：精轧机
accelerated cooling: 加速冷却
slitting line:带材纵剪椎线
roughing mill:粗轧机
steel plate:钢板
hot leveling:热平整，热矫正
shot blast: 喷砂清理
quenching:淬火，急冷
冷轧专业英语
冷轧常用专业词汇表一、首钢京唐（酸轧机组）常用词1.entry W/B conveyor 入口步进梁运输机2. entry coil turner 旋转台3.entry coil car 入口钢卷车4.pay off reel 开卷机5.processor 处理器6.coll opener 开卷器7.ertry shear with pinch roll 入口剪带夹送辊8.scrap disposal equipment 废料处理装置9.deflector pinch roll 转向夹送辊10. deflector roll 转向辊11.welder 焊机12.notcher 月牙剪13.side guide 边部对中14.bridle roll 张力辊15.steering roll 纠偏辊16.tension meter roll 张力计辊17.tension leveller 拉伸破磷机18.entry wringer roll 入口挤干辊19.dryer 干燥器20.side notcher 月牙剪21.hold down roll 压辊22.side trimmer 切边剪23.scrap chopper 碎边剪24.scrap conveyor 废料运输带25.burr masher 去毛刺机l 轧机l motor 轧机主电机28.rotary shear 飞剪29.carrousel reel张力卷取机30.inspection table 检查台31.sleeve bucket transfer car 套筒运输车32.delivery coil conveyor 出口步进梁运输机33.skid 鞍座34.nozzle 喷嘴二、浙江东南1. Reversing Cold Mill (RCM) 可逆式冷轧机2. Motor Control Center (MCC) 电机控制中心3. E-house 电器室4. transformer 变压器5. skin pass mill (或temper mill) 平整机6. product mix 产品大纲7.coil weight 卷重8. stack weight 垛重9. workbase 炉台10. Specific coil weight 卷材单重11. inner cover 内罩12. heating bell加热罩13. cooling bell 冷却罩14. filter mesh 过滤器网15. pressure switch 压力开关16. isolating unit 隔离装置17. control relay 控制继电器18. emulsion room 乳化液站19. combustion 燃烧20. butterfly valve 蝶形阀21. Safety Equipment 安全设备22. roll chock 轴承座23. Spraying header 喷淋水管（喷淋头）24. Mill stand piping 轧机机座管系(管线)25. Drive spindles 驱动轴26. Cross cut shear 横剪机组27. Pivot 枢轴28. Coil car 卷材移动台车29. Segments （胀缩式卷筒）扇形体30. Snubber roll 缓冲辊31. Groove 凹槽32. flange法兰33. Shape Measuring Roll 板形仪34. Delivery (entry)Tension Reel 出(入)口卷取机35. Foundation Bolts and Nuts 基础螺栓36. Interconnecting piping 中间管线37. Gear Coupling 齿轮联轴器38. Load test 负载测试39. Breakage断带40. Stoppage 停车cold rolled: 冷轧的, 冷态滚压的cold rolled steel sheet: 冷轧薄钢板cold rolled coil : 冷轧薄卷electrical steel sheet: 电工钢（片）uncoiler: 开卷机reheating furnace: 再加热炉cold leveling: 冷平整，冷矫正pickling: 酸洗cold rolling mill: 冷轧机electrolytic cleaner: 电解清洗液preheating: 预热soaking cooling: 均匀退热rapid cooling: 快速冷却over aging: 过时效,老化过度final cooling: 最后冷却continuous annealing line：连续退火线recoiling：重绕temper rolling: 硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整batch annealing line: 成批退火线cold rolled coil: 冷轧薄板side trimming: 切侧边shearing line: 剪切线cold rolled sheet: 冷轧薄板pay off reel：松卷机shearer：剪切机, 剪断机entry looper: 进口活套tension leveler：张力平整机coating section:涂镀断面welding: 焊接scale breaker: 除鳞机, 铁皮清除机heat treating furnace: 热处理炉minimize spangle: 微化晶粒coating bath: 镀槽air cooling: 空气冷却water cooling: 水冷却leveling: 矫正, 平整Hot-dip galvanized steel strip: 热浸镀锌钢带（卷）Electrolytic cleaning：电解处理Electrolytic cleaner：电解清洗液Preheating：预热reheating furnace：重热熔炉crack：裂化temper rolling：斜坡轧制，硬化冷轧, 表面光轧, 平整Coil preparation line：成卷预热线Over aging ：过时效,老化过度final cooling：最后冷却tandam cold rolling：拉锯冷轧Trimmer切边机Skinpass：表皮光轧delivery looper：传送活套BP coil：镀锡原板Heating area:加热区Furnace：加热炉Gas：煤气Mixed gas：混合煤气Nitrogen：氮气Oxygen：氧气Resident oxygen：炉内残氧Pressure：压力Volume：体积、流量Valve：阀门Slab：板坯Slab yard：板坯库Continuous cast slab：连铸板坯Width：宽度Thickness：厚度Length：长度Weight：重量Bend：弯曲Combust：燃烧Temperature：温度Centigrade degree：摄氏度Pyrometer ：高温计Thermocouples：热电偶Fixed beam：固定梁Walking beam：步进梁Forward：向前Backward：向后Discard：剔除Discard table：剔除辊道Charge：装炉Discharge：出炉Preheating zone：预热区Heating one：加热区Soaking zone：均热区Vaporizing cooling/ vapor cooling：气化冷却Soft water：软水Scale：氧化铁皮Ventilate：通风Chimney：烟囱Exhaust：废气Stack：烟道Roller able：辊道Baffle：挡板Charge machine：装钢机Discharge machine：出钢机Compressed air 压缩空气Burner 烧嘴Combustion air fan 助燃风机Recuperative 有恢复力的heat exchanger 回热式热交换器Refractory brick 耐火砖Mathematic model 数学模型Feed-forward 前馈Feedback 反馈Furnace pressure 炉压Temperature profile 温度曲线Hot rolling shop：热轧车间Mill轧机4-high finishing mill 四辊精轧机Rough mill 粗轧Screw down 压下Screw up 抬升辊缝Edger 立辊轧机，轧边机High-pressure descaling system 高压水除鳞系统Nozzle喷嘴Heat cover 保温罩Shear 剪机Hydraulic loop 液压活套Looper 活套Side guide 侧导卫Interstand cooling 机架间冷却Run-out table 精轧输出辊道Laminar cooling 层流冷却Head water tank 高位水箱Side stripper 侧喷头Pinch roll 夹送辊Down Coiler 卷取机Mandrel 卷取机芯轴Wrapper roller 助卷辊Coil stripper car 卸卷小车Strip catcher 卷取区域带钢拦截装置Gear motor 齿轮马达Coupling 接手，连接器Spindle 接轴Universal Spindle万向接轴Shaft 轴Roll changing device 换辊装置Crane 行车Bite 咬入Cascade speed adjustment 串联调速Cobble 堆钢事故，中间事故坯料Tension张力Tension control 张力控制Loop height 活套量/活套高度Speed up 升速Lock cylinder 锁紧缸Balance cylinder 平衡缸Lift 提升Shift 横移Leveling 校平，调平Zero 校零Alignment 对中Industrial water 循环水Water volume 水量Water pressure 水压Cooling rate 冷却速度Speed cone 速度锥Maintenance 检修，维护Pneumatic system 气动系统Roll shop 轧辊间Roll 轧辊Grinder 磨床Work roll grinder 工作辊磨床Combinative/universal grinder 组合磨床Work roll 工作辊Back-up roll 支撑辊Barrel 辊身Roll neck 辊颈Roll cooling 轧辊冷却Work roll chock 工作辊轴承座Work roll bending system 工作辊弯辊系统Work roll shifting system 工作辊窜辊系统Back-up roll chock 支撑辊轴承座Bearing 轴承Work roll bearing 工作辊轴承Oil film bearing/morgoil bearing 油膜轴承Headstock 头架Tailstock 尾架Grinding carriage 磨头滑架Wheel 砂轮Dressing diamond 修整金刚石Measure 测量Diameter 直径Ovality 不圆度Roundness 圆度Eccentricity 偏心度Contour 外形轮廓Geometry 几何尺寸，几何形状Curve 曲线Sine curve 正弦曲线Active curve 实际曲线Rated curve 额定曲线/设定的曲线Position 位置Axis 轴，数轴Horizontal 水平的Vertical 垂直的Calibration 校准，刻度Compensation 补偿Correction 纠正Control panel 控制面板，操作控制台Deviation 偏差Error 误差，错误Offset 偏差量Definition 定义Reverse 反转Swivel 回转，转动Distance 距离Range 范围Chamfer 凸度Centerline 中心线Infeed mode 进给模式Limit 限制，极限Limit switch 限位开关Scan 扫描Coolant 冷却剂Surface 表面Plunge grinding 掏沟磨削Caliper 测量卡规Optimize 优化Load roll 装辊Unload roll 卸辊Calibrate caliper 校准测量卡规Finishing area 精整区域Coil marking machine 钢卷标号机Coil strapping machine 钢卷打捆机Coil weighing device 钢卷称重装置Sampling shear 取样剪Transfer chain 链条运输机Walking beam transfer 步进梁运输机Coil yard 钢卷库Skin pass 平整机Saddle 鞍座Electric room 电气室Motor 电机Main motor 主电机Load 载荷Over load 过载Motor load 电机负荷Rolling force 轧制力Rolling speed 轧制速度MPM: meter per minute 米/分钟Torque 扭矩Rated torque 额定扭矩Voltage 电压Process computer 过程计算机Program 程序，编程PLC：programmable logic controller 可编程控制器Encoder 编码器Information 信息Ghost rolling 模拟轧制Measuring instrument 测量仪表X-ray X射线Thickness gauge 测厚仪Width gauge 测宽仪HMD: hot material detector 热金属探测仪CMD: cold material detector 冷金属探测仪Light barrier 光栅Automatic model 自动模式Semi-auto model 半自动模式Manual model 手动模式Emergency 紧急，急停Joggle 点动HMI：human machine interface 人机界面AC frequency converter 交流变频器I/O：input/output 输入/输出端口Step control 卷取机助卷辊的“踏步”控制Hydraulic system 液压系统Grease 甘油Oil station 油站SSC: Short stroke control 短行程控制AGC: automatic gauge control 自动压下控制AWC: automatic width control 自动宽度控制Pump 泵Screw pump 螺杆泵Filter 过滤器，滤网Cylinder 液压缸，圆柱体Valve stand 阀台Accumulator 蓄能器Leakage 泄漏Product 产品Grade 钢种Batch 一炉，一批Batch No. 炉批号Coil 钢卷Strip 带钢，薄带钢Sheet 钢板，薄钢板Plate 中厚板Physical performance 物理性能Mechanical performance 机械性能Strength 强度Elongation 延伸Flatness 平直度Plasticity 塑性Crown/chamber 凸度Hardness 硬度Microstructure 微观组织结构Austenite 奥氏体Ferrite 铁素体Pearlite 珠光体Deep drawn 深冲SPHC 普通级热轧钢板（卷）SPHD 深冲级热轧钢板（卷）SPCC 普通级冷轧钢板（卷）SPCD 深冲级冷轧钢板（卷High strength low-alloy steel 低合金高强度钢Silicon steel 硅钢，电工钢Galvanizing 镀锌Coating 涂镀，涂层Heat treatment 热处理Aging 时效处理Annealing 退火Quenching 淬火OtherAlarm 报警Anchoring bolt 地脚螺栓Yield 产量，成材率Ton 吨Annual 一年的Shift 班Safety 安全Radioactive hazard 放射性伤害Caution 注意，小心Layout 平面布置Document 文件Documentation 技术文本，技术文件报价书TOP: take-over point 交接点轧钢英语耐磨性abrasive气孔abscess横坐标abscissa容纳、收纳accommodating空气喷射air ejection气动电机air motor自动踏步控制AJC=automatic jumpin g control定中心、对中align排成直线、列队、对中alignment交替、轮流alternate电流量amperage锚固、地脚anchor退火的annealed一年一次的annual能应用的、适用的、适合的applicable应用application增多，重视appreciate接近、进给approach适合的、特有的appropriate裙板apron相变arrest装配、组装、配件assembly分配assignment奥氏体austenite奥氏体轧制austenite rolling奥氏体的austenitic辅助液压auxiliary hydraulic轴向的axial后退、退回backlash平衡力balance force球面丝杆ball jack screw包装带分配器banding dispenser 打捆带banding strap冷却段bank轴承架bearing bracket轴承箱bearing cage轴承座bearing chock轴承滑块，托瓦bearing shoes 口径、钻孔bore支架、托架bracket脆性brittle青铜bronze水桶，废品箱bucket四轮小车buggy衬板bushing碰撞仪butt gauge计算calculation凸轮cam曲线度cambering amount 辊型误差cambering profile 悬梁cantilever有能力的capable能力capacity渗碳carburized小车，砂轮架carriage延伸辊道carry over table 连铸坯分段剪CC shear中心线centerline离心机centrifuge房间chamber轴承座chock垫板choke linerC形沟C-hook溜槽chute圆周运动circular motion过滤设备clean-up device间隙clearance废钢收集装置cobble catcher带卷打捆机coil banding machine带卷运输机coil conveyor带卷检查线coil inspection line带卷提升机coil lifter托卷臂coil loading arm带卷打号机coil marking machine开卷机coil opener带卷鞍座coil saddle带卷鞍座coil skid带卷站coil station卸卷小车coil stripper car带卷回转台coil turner带卷称重装置coil weighter带卷跨coil yard卷取机进口侧导板coiler entry side guide 卷取温度coiling temperature收缩状态collapsed校准仪，准直仪collimator燃烧combustion补偿compensated复杂的complicate压缩空气compressed air计算机数据传输线computer data line 凹面concave构想，认为conceive概念concept水泥，钢筋混凝土concrete条件condition联接conjunction控制台console统一，一致consortium控制器controller凸面convex凸形convex profile输送，运输convey冷却水cooling water冷却水管cooling water header相互作用correlation腐蚀性的corrosive支架cradle托辊cradle roll标准，准则criterion临界点critical point十字接头式万向接头cross pin type universal joint结晶crystallization立方体的cubic曲线curve剪切力cutting force剪切速度cutting speed周期的cyclic圆柱度cylindricity缓冲，减振dampen缺陷defect偏转辊deflector roll变形deformation变形抗力deformation resistance不管，危害despite超声波式涡流探伤仪detector of ultrasonic or eddy current type消耗，磨损deteriorate不利的，有害的detrimental 数字位置传感器digital positioning sensor先导伺服阀direct servo valve散乱，分散dispersion忽视disregard明显的，不同的distinct分配器distributor龙门式double column type地下卷取机down coiler翻转装置down ender下游的downstream转鼓drum转鼓更换钩drum changing hook柔性，柔软的ductile延展性，延伸率ductility变钝，钝的dull动态的dynamic动平衡dynamic balance偏心套eccentricity ring偏心轴eccentricity shaft弹性材料elastic material电液伺服控制electro-hydraulic servo control高度elevation除去，消除eliminated经验的empiric能量energy必要的，必不可少的essential优于，擅长excel专有的exclusive偏差excursion实现execute伸展expand分离（拆卸）装置extractor面板，花盘faceplate特点，特征feature毛毡felt铁素体ferrite铁素体轧钢ferrite rolling铁素体结构ferritic填充辊道fill-in table精轧机出口温度finisher delivery temperature精轧机进口温度finisher entry temperature裂纹fissure 固定导板fixed guide法兰flange楔形flared shape平面液晶显示器flat-face CRT 裂纹flaw易弯曲的flexible挠性推爪flexible dog荧光的fluorescent尾座foot stock地脚螺栓foundation bolt框架frame全扩展状态fully expanded 漏斗形funnel级别，钢种grade晶粒grain干油grease磨床grinder磨，打磨ground挡板guard导卫guide导辊guide roller导板guide-liner导向导板guiding apron旋转gyrating手轮hand wheel钩子hanger床头head stock高位水箱系统head tank system集水管header喷水横梁header piping保温罩heat holding cover高速飞剪high speed strip shear高速穿带装置high speed strip threading device绞接hinge高速转动体high-rotor起重机hoist压紧辊hold down roll碳素结构钢Carbon Construction Steel 碳素工具钢Carbon Tool Steel合金结构钢Alloy Construction Steel 合金工具钢Alloy Tool Steel高速工具钢High Speed Tool Steel弹簧钢Spring Steel不锈耐热钢Stainless & Heat Resisting Steel 轴承钢Bearing Steel工字钢I-beam普通圆钢Round Steel槽钢Channel扁钢Flat Steel Bar等边角钢Equal Angle Steel不等边角钢Unequal Angle Steel型钢H-beam钢坯Billet Bloom钢筋混凝土用变形钢筋High Strength Deformed Steel Bar窗框钢Window Sash中厚钢板Steel Plate热轧钢板（卷）Hot Rolled Steel Coil 冷轧钢板（卷）Cold Rolled Steel Coil 镀锌钢板（卷）Galvanized Steel Coil 钢带Steel Strip线材Wire Rod Coil无缝钢管Seamless Steel Pipe锅炉管Boiler Tube石油套管Pipe For Oil Field高压管Pressure Pipe高压气瓶用管Tube for High-PressureVessel地质钻探用管Seamless Steel Pipe For Geological Drill In镀锌焊管Galvanized Welded Pipe石油钻探杆Drill Pipe For Oil Field铸铁管Cast Iron Pipe重轨Heavy Rail轻轨Light Rail炼钢生铁Basic Pig Iron铸造生铁foundry Pig Iron普通圆钢钉Round Nails for General Uses镀锌低碳钢丝Galvanized Low Carbon Steel Wire.钢丝绳Steel Wire Rope钢绞线Stranded Wire预应力混凝土钢丝Steel Wire For Prestressed Concrete窗纱Window Screen车轮Wheel Tyre轮筛Wheel Circle卸油leakage oil line 回油return oil line 进油supply oil line。
专业的冷热英文作文
专业的冷热英文作文Title: The Dynamics of Hot and Cold: A Professional Perspective。
Introduction:Temperature is a fundamental aspect of our daily lives, affecting our comfort, health, and environment. Understanding the dynamics of hot and cold is crucial in various fields, including architecture, medicine, and climate science. In this essay, we will explore the significance of temperature in these professional domains and its impact on human well-being.Architecture:In architecture, the concept of thermal comfort is of utmost importance. Buildings must be designed to maintain suitable indoor temperatures, regardless of the external weather conditions. The principles of insulation,ventilation, and heating/cooling systems are employed to achieve this. Architects and engineers work together to create energy-efficient structures that provide a comfortable living or working environment throughout the year.Medicine:Temperature plays a vital role in the medical field, both in terms of patient care and disease prevention. In hospitals, maintaining appropriate temperatures is crucial for the recovery and well-being of patients. Operating rooms, for instance, require precise temperature control to ensure a sterile environment and prevent the growth of harmful bacteria. Additionally, temperature regulation is essential in preserving medications, vaccines, andlaboratory samples.Climate Science:Climate science focuses on the study of long-term weather patterns and their impact on the Earth's ecosystems.Understanding temperature fluctuations is crucial for predicting climate change and its consequences. Scientists collect data on temperature variations across different regions and analyze them to identify trends and patterns. This information is then used to develop strategies for mitigating the effects of climate change and adapting to a warmer or colder future.Impacts on Human Well-being:Temperature extremes, whether hot or cold, can have significant effects on human health. Heatwaves can lead to heat exhaustion, heatstroke, and even death, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and young children. On the other hand, extreme cold temperatures can cause frostbite, hypothermia, and respiratory problems. Adequate heating and cooling systems, as well as public health initiatives, are essential for minimizing these risks and ensuring the well-being of individuals.Conclusion:Temperature is a crucial factor in various professional domains, including architecture, medicine, and climate science. Its impact on human well-being cannot be understated, as it affects our comfort, health, and environment. By understanding the dynamics of hot and cold and implementing appropriate measures, we can create a more sustainable and comfortable future for all.。
基于步冷试验的2.25cr-1mo-0.25v钢母材及焊缝回火脆化研究
檭殐
ｄｏｉ：１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００１－４８３７．２０２０．０２．００１
檭檭檭檭檭檭檭殐
试验研究
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檭檭檭檭檭檭檭殐
基于步冷试验的 ２．２５Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ－０．２５Ｖ钢 母材及焊缝回火脆化研究
马韩韩，伏 玮，沈志鹏，孔令瑞，於孝春，贺小华，周昌玉
（南京工业大学 机械与动力工程学院，南京 ２１１８１６）
（ＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌａｎｄＰｏｗｅｒＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＴｅｃｈＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２１１８１６，Ｃｈｉｎａ）
Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｅｄｕｃｔｉｌｅｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｖＴｒ５４．２ａｎｄＦＡＴＴ，ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｔｈｅｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｆｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔΔｖＴｒ５４．２ａｎｄ ΔＦＡＴＴｗｅｒｅｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄｂｙａｎａｌｙｚｉｎｇＣＶＮｉｍｐａｃｔｔｅｓｔｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｏｆ２．２５Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ－０．２５Ｖｓｔｅｅｌｂａｓｅｍｅｔａｌａｎｄｗｅｌｄｅｄｊｏｉｎｔｕｎｄｅｒｔｈｅ ａｓｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄｓｔａｔｅ，ｓｔｅｐｃｏｏｌｉｎｇｓｔａｔｅ，ｄｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｔａｔｅａｎｄｓｔｅｐｃｏｏｌｉｎｇｓｔａｔｅａｆｔｅｒｄｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ．Ｔｈｅｔｅｓｔｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔ ａｆｔｅｒｓｔｅｐｃｏｏｌｉｎｇｔｅｓｔ，ｔｈｅｂａｓｅｍｅｔａｌｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｄａｌｏｗｅｒｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｆｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｏｒｄｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ，ｂｕｔｔｈｅｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｆｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅ ｍｅｎｔｏｒｄｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｗａｓｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｌｏｗ，ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｉｎｇｔｈａｔｔｈｅｂａｓｅｍｅｔａｌｈａｓｇｏｏｄｃａｐａｂｉｌｉｔｙｔｏｒｅｓｉｓｔｔｅｍｐｅｒｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ．Ａｆｔｅｒ ｄｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｔｅｓｔ，ｂｏｔｈｂａｓｅｍｅｔａｌａｎｄｗｅｌｄｅｄｊｏｉｎｔｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｄａｈｉｇｈｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｆｄｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ，ｗｈｉｃｈｓｈｏｗｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅ ｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｗａｓｍａｉｎｌｙｃａｕｓｅｄｂｙｔｅｍｐｅｒｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ．Ｔｈｅｄｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｔｅｓｔｒｅｄｕｃｅｄｔｈｅｄｕｃｔｉｌｅｂｒｉｔｔｌｅ ｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ．Ａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｓｔｅｐｃｏｏｌｉｎｇｔｅｓｔ，ｔｈｅｗｅｌｄｅｄｊｏｉｎｔｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｄａｈｉｇｈｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｆｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｗｅｌｄｅｄｊｏｉｎｔｗａｓｍｏｒｅｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅｔｏｓｔｅｐｃｏｏｌｉｎｇｔｅｓｔ，ｗｈｉｃｈｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｄｔｈｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｈｅｓａｍｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ，ｔｈｅｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｂａｓｅｍｅｔａｌｗａｓｌｏｗｅｒｔｈａｎｔｈａｔｏｆｔｈｅｗｅｌｄｅｄｊｏｉｎｔ，ｗｈｉｃｈｉｓ ｍｏｒｅｓｕｓｃｅｐｔｉｂｌｅｔｏｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ． Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：２．２５Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ－０．２５Ｖｓｔｅｅｌ；ｂａｓｅｍｅｔａｌ；ｗｅｌｄｅｄｊｏｉｎｔ；ｔｅｍｐｅｒｅｍｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔ；ｓｔｅｐｃｏｏｌｉｎｇｔｅｓｔ
热冰实验英语作文
热冰实验英语作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Sure, here's a simple and conversational English essay about the Ice Water Experiment, without a formal structureor headings:1. Imagine a cool summer day, a curious child's hand reaches into a bowl, and suddenly, a spark of magic ignites. This is the essence of the Ice Water Experiment, a simpleyet captivating science demonstration.2. The experiment, often referred to as "freezing water," involves placing ice and water in a container, and observing the boundaries of temperature. It's not about science textbooks, but about the thrill of discovery.3. The ice, a solid form, represents the cold, whilethe water, liquid, symbolizes the heat. The child's touch,a gentle reminder that even the coldest can melt under the right conditions, isn't a rule, but a fascinating fact to ponder.4. The moment the ice starts to melt, the water temperature rises, defying the initial understanding. It's a visual lesson in the concept of heat transfer, a simple yet profound concept that can spark curiosity in any young mind.5. The experiment doesn't require complex language or complex theories, it's a hands-on demonstration of science in action. It's a reminder that sometimes, the simplest things can teach us the most profound lessons.6. So, next time you see a child with a bowl of ice and water, don't just watch, join in. Let the experiment be a fun, ice-cold adventure, a reminder that even the coldest can turn warm under the heat of curiosity.7. And remember, in the world of science, the Ice Water Experiment is a testament to the power of observation and the joy of learning without bounds.This essay captures the essence of the experimentwithout following a traditional narrative structure, and it's written in a casual, engaging tone suitable for a child's perspective.。
我学会了冷处理作文
我学会了冷处理作文英文回答：Cold treatment is a useful technique in various situations. It involves maintaining a calm and composed demeanor in challenging or difficult circumstances. This approach can be beneficial in both personal and professional settings.In personal relationships, cold treatment can be a way to handle conflicts or disagreements. Instead of reacting impulsively or emotionally, taking a step back and adopting a more rational approach can help in finding a solution. For example, if there is an argument with a friend or family member, instead of engaging in a heated exchange, cold treatment can allow for a cooling-off period. This can provide an opportunity for both parties to reflect on their actions and emotions, leading to a more constructive conversation later on.In a professional context, cold treatment can be particularly useful in dealing with difficult colleagues or clients. Instead of getting caught up in their negativity or hostility, maintaining a calm and composed attitude can help in diffusing tense situations. By not allowing their behavior to affect one's own emotions, one can focus on finding a solution or resolving the issue at hand. This can also help in maintaining professionalism and avoiding unnecessary conflicts.Cold treatment is not about being cold-hearted or indifferent. It is about being in control of one's emotions and reactions. It allows for a more thoughtful and measured response, rather than a knee-jerk reaction. By practicing cold treatment, one can avoid escalating conflicts, maintain better relationships, and find more effective solutions to problems.中文回答：冷处理是一种在各种情况下都有用的技巧。
钢铁是样炼成的英语作文
钢铁是样炼成的英语作文Title: The Forging of Steel: A Metaphorical Journey.In the heart of the industrial revolution, a transformative process unfolds, symbolizing the indomitable spirit of human will and perseverance. This is the story of steel, a material forged from the most basic of elements, iron, through a series of rigorous tests and transformations. Just as iron is refined into steel, our own character is honed and strengthened through challenges and trials.The journey of steel begins with the mining of iron ore, a raw and unyielding material, hidden beneath the Earth's crust. This ore, once extracted, undergoes a series of chemical and physical transformations, each step necessaryto extract its purest form. Similarly, in our lives, wemust embark on a journey of self-discovery, facing our own internal ore of potential and possibilities.The first step in the refining process is smelting, where the iron ore is heated to extreme temperatures, removing impurities and revealing the pure metal. This is a painful process, requiring immense heat and pressure, yetit is necessary for the transformation of iron into steel. Similarly, in our lives, we must embrace the heat of challenges and the pressure of adversity to purge ourselves of weaknesses and impurities.Once smelted, the iron is ready for its next transformation. It is placed in a blast furnace, where itis mixed with carbon and other elements, undergoing a process called austenitizing. This process changes the chemical structure of the iron, making it stronger and more ductile. Just as the iron absorbs carbon and other elements in the blast furnace, we must absorb knowledge, wisdom, and experience in our lives, transforming ourselves from within.After austenitizing, the metal is quenched in water or oil, a rapid cooling process that固定its new structure, hardening it into steel. This quenching process is crucial, as it determines the final properties of the steel.Similarly, in our lives, we must embrace the challengesthat come our way, allowing them to temper us and make us stronger. Through failure and adversity, we learnresilience and determination, hardening our resolve and forging our character.The final step in the forging of steel is tempering, where the metal is heated again, this time to a lower temperature, and then allowed to cool slowly. This process removes any internal stresses and improves the toughness and ductility of the steel. In our lives, we must also learn to temper ourselves, allowing ourselves to rest and recover after the challenges we face. We must balance the demands of life with the need for self-care and reflection, ensuring that we do not break under the pressure.The forging of steel is not just a physical process; it is a metaphor for the transformation of the human spirit. Just as iron is refined into steel through fire and hammer, our character is honed through the fires of life's challenges. We must embrace the challenges that come our way, allowing them to temper us, strengthen us, and forgeour character.In conclusion, the story of steel is a powerful metaphor for the human journey of growth and transformation. Just as steel is forged from iron through a series of rigorous tests and transformations, our character is honed and strengthened through the challenges and trials of life. Let us embrace the journey, knowing that through fire and hammer, we can forge our own steel, a character that is strong, resilient, and unyielding.。
森林降温效应英文作文初中
森林降温效应英文作文初中The forest cooling effect refers to the phenomenon in which forests can lower the temperature of the surrounding environment through the process of transpiration, which is the release of water vapor from the leaves of trees and plants.This cooling effect is particularly noticeable in urban areas, where the presence of trees and green spaces can help reduce the "heat island" effect caused by the concentration of buildings and pavement.In addition to lowering the temperature, forests also play a crucial role in regulating the climate by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and releasing oxygen through the process of photosynthesis.The cooling effect of forests is not only beneficialfor the environment, but it also has a positive impact on human health and well-being. Studies have shown thatspending time in green spaces can help reduce stress and anxiety, as well as improve overall mental and physical health.Furthermore, forests provide habitat for a diverse range of plant and animal species, contributing to the overall biodiversity of an ecosystem. This, in turn, helps to maintain the balance of the natural world and ensure the stability of ecosystems.In conclusion, the forest cooling effect is an important natural process that not only helps to lower temperatures and regulate the climate, but also provides numerous benefits for both the environment and human society. It is essential to recognize the value of forests and work towards their preservation and sustainable management.。
给英语降温的作文
给英语降温的作文The topic of "Global Warming" has been a hot issue for a long time. With the development of industry and the increase of carbon emissions, the temperature of the earth has been rising at an alarming rate. This has led to a series of environmental problems, such as melting polar ice caps, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events. It is urgent for us to take effective measures to reduce the impact of global warming and protect our planet.To begin with, we should reduce our carbon footprint by using energy more efficiently. This can be achieved by using energy-saving appliances, such as LED lights and energy-efficient heating and cooling systems. In addition, we should also promote the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, which can help to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.Furthermore, we should also take steps to reduce deforestation and promote afforestation. Trees are naturalcarbon sinks, and they can help to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. By protecting existing forests and planting new trees, we can help to reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and slow down the process of global warming.Moreover, we should also promote sustainable transportation and reduce our reliance on cars and airplanes. This can be achieved by promoting the use of public transportation, walking, and cycling, as well as by encouraging the use of electric vehicles. By reducing our reliance on fossil fuels for transportation, we can help to reduce carbon emissions and slow down the process of global warming.In addition, we should also raise awareness about the importance of reducing our carbon footprint and protecting the environment. This can be achieved through education and public awareness campaigns, as well as through government policies and regulations. By raising awareness about the impact of global warming and the importance of taking action, we can encourage people to make more sustainablechoices in their daily lives.In conclusion, global warming is a serious issue that requires urgent action. By reducing our carbon footprint, promoting renewable energy sources, protecting forests, promoting sustainable transportation, and raising awareness, we can all play a part in slowing down the process ofglobal warming and protecting our planet for future generations. It is important for all of us to take responsibility and work together to address this critical issue. Only by working together can we make a realdifference and ensure a sustainable future for our planet.。
膜反转板式降膜吸收过程
第59卷 第11期 化 工 学 报 V ol .59 N o .11 2008年11月 Journal o f Chemical Industry and Eng ineering (China ) N ovember 2008研究论文膜反转板式降膜吸收过程石景祯,崔晓钰,徐之平,唐 聪(上海理工大学动力工程学院,上海200093)摘要:结合板式降膜技术与膜反转技术的优势,提出了一种新型膜反转板式降膜吸收器。
设计并建立了膜反转板式降膜吸收试验台,在试验台上完成了不同吸收压力、溶液流量、进口温度、冷却条件等对膜反转板式降膜吸收器传热传质性能影响的系列实验研究,得到该吸收器的传热传质性能。
为膜反转板式降膜热质传递设备的科学研究、工程设计和实际应用提供了一定依据,也为进一步开发高效紧凑的热质传递元件及设备提供了一些方法和思路。
关键词:传热传质;吸收器;降膜吸收;膜反转中图分类号:T Q 021 文献标识码:A文章编号:0438-1157(2008)11-2756-06Plate falling film abso rber with film -inverting configurationSH I Jing zhen ,CU I Xiaoyu ,XU Zhiping ,TANG Cong(School o f Pow er Engineering ,University o f S hanghai f or Science and T echnology ,S hanghai 200093,China )Abstract :Plate falling film absorber w ith film -inve rting config ura tion is a new ty pe abso rber that com bines plate falling film absorptio n with film -inver ting technique .An ex periment set -up w as built and a series of ex periments w ere carried out to study the effects o f different co nditions ,such as abso rptionpressure ,solutio n flow rate ,solution inlet co ncentratio n and temperature ,and cooling w ater ,etc .,on the abso rption process .The performance o f the heat and m ass transfer fo r the film -inver ting config uration w as investigated .Such data can serve as the basis for the design and applicatio n of this type of abso rber .Key w o rds :heat and mass transfer ;absorbe r ;falling film abso rption ;film -inverting 2008-02-18收到初稿,2008-08-24收到修改稿。
玻璃微珠在隔热涂料中的隔热性能研究
玻璃微珠在隔热涂料中的隔热性能研究靳涛1,刘立强1,李德华2(1.山东科技大学材料科学与工程学院,山东青岛266510;2.山东科技大学理学院,山东青岛266510)摘要:中空玻璃微珠有增强隔热的作用,其传热性能主要与它的性能和成膜物的组成有关。
分析了中空玻璃微珠在弹性隔热涂料中的填充量、涂层厚度对涂料隔热性能的影响,并与膨胀珍珠岩、海泡石、膨胀蛭石等填料进行了比较;分析了隔热原理,在傅里叶传热定律的基础上,简化传热模型。
关键词:隔热涂料;阻隔;玻璃微珠中图分类号:TB34文献标志码:A文章编号:167223767(2009)0120060204Study on the Thermal Insulation Performance of Hollow GlassBeads in Thermal Insulation CoatingsJIN T ao1,LIU Li2qiang1,LI De2hua2(1.School of Mater ial Science and Eng.,SUST,Qingdao,Shandong266510,China;2.College of Science,SUST,Qingdao,Shandong266510,China)Abstr act:The glass beads can increase the thermal insulation and the heat transfer capability is related with the per2 formance of glass beads and t he composit ion of the mater ials for for ming t he organic films.T he r esults showed that the f ilm thickness and f illed quant ity of the different fillers could affect the heat insulation,such as expanded perlite,sepiolit e,expanded vermiculite and the effect was validated by experiment.T he ther mal insulation theory was ana2 lyzed and t he heat tr ansfer model was simplified based on the F ourier heat transfer law.Key words:t her mal insulation coatings;obst ruct ing;hollow glass bead20世纪80年代发展起来的阻隔性隔热涂料,应用较多的是硅酸盐类复合涂料,主要采用导热系数低、中空的隔热骨料,如海泡石、膨胀珍珠岩、蛀石、矿岩棉等,结合无机、有机粘结剂和其他助剂制成。