高中英语语法句型讲解和练习
高中英语语法填空知识讲解与练习(一)
语法填空解题技巧(一)分类:实词:动词;名词;形容词;副词——括号中会给提示词虚词:介词;连词;冠词;代词——括号中不会给提示词词性修饰:形容词:名词;代词副词:动词;形容词;副词名词考点:单复数;变形容词;变动词;所有格1)some;several;different;many;more;lots of.. ;one of+(形容词最高级)+名词复数2)冠词+(形容词)+名词 a red apple3)代词+(形容词)+名词 his cute pet4)数词+(形容词)+名词 two red apples5)名词:age(shortage;marriage);ness(sadness);ance/ence/ancy/ency(expectancy;tendency)dom(freedom);er/or/ee/ress/ian/ist(employee/musician);tion;ment+al=adj;ity( responsibility)ship; ure(pressure)动词考点:时态;语态;非谓语(to do;done;doing);变形容词;名词1)Be (v)思考方向:done;doing;adj(v/n);to do为了;将要去(what we should do is to do)2)be+ done to do (v) sb be asked to do3)be + adj to do (90%) /doing(10%)(v)be likely to do / busy/useless/no use/worth4)be+ adj/ed (v)+介词 be interested in5)接to do希望想学就同意:hope/wish;want;would like;learn;agree需要决定就选择:require/need;decide;choose开始喜欢又讨厌:begin/start;like/love/prefer;hate/dislike忘记又记住;停止又尝试:forget;remember;stop;try命令警告邀(要)人教:order;warn;ask/tell/invite;teach希望想要别人做get;allow6)接doing考虑建议盼原谅(consider;suggest;look forward to doing)承认推迟没得想(admit;put off;fancy)避免错过一直练(avoid;miss;keep;practice)否认完成停欣感(deny;finish;stop;appreciate it if…)禁止想象才冒险(ban/forbid;imagine;risk)不禁介意弃逃亡(can’t help;mind;give up;escape)课后练习阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【高中英语】高中英语语法强调句型例题解析
【高中英语】高中英语语法强调句型例题解析高中英语语法复习要做到讲练结合。
对语法知识进行必要的系统化的讲解是十分重要的,但一味地灌输,就会让学生觉得枯燥乏味,也很难记住。
这就要求我们要配备适当的练习,使学生从理性认识又回到感性认识,从理论到实践的转换。
例如对特别强调句型展开了系统传授后我们分体式了如下练:1.hedidn'trealizehismistakeuntilthewholecasecametolight.→换成特别强调结构(itwasnotuntilthewholecasecametolightthatherealzedhismistake)2.itwasnotuntilhecametoengland(他才学会了)somesimpleenglish.(pick)(thathepickedup)3.重写上句notuntil.(hecametoenglanddidhepickupsomesimpleenglish)4.-wheredidyoufindthemissingwallet?-itwasinthehotel(我招待你)lasttimeyoucamehere.(put)(whereiputyouup)(thatyoucameacrossthestar)6.itisnotthestudenthimselfbuthisparents(应对考试迟到负责)totheexamination.(blame)7.(到底就是在哪儿他病毒感染上)suchastrangediseasewhichwasreallyadifficultyforthedoctors.(pick)(wherewasitthathepickedup)8.ijustdon'tunderstand(到底就是为什么她竟能够放任)hisruderemarks.(terms)。
(完整版)高中英语语法讲解与练习
(完整版)高中英语语法讲解与练习<< 语法 >> 学案第一讲冠词口诀: 冠词分为定冠、不定冠,不定冠词a和an,“—”的含义表泛指表示特指要用the,次序、方位、最高级世上物体独一个,人或事物再次提以下情况冠词免,学科球类三顿饭名词复数表泛指,季节星期月份前不定冠词a/an的用法:不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。
"a"用在以辅音开头的词前,"an"用在以元音开头的词前。
判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头,是根据读音而不是根据字母。
一般情况下,开头字母是a、e、f、h、j、l、m、n、o、r、s、x前用不定冠词an。
1.在可数名词单数形式前表示"一":There is a tiger in the zoo.动物园里有一只老虎。
2. 表示一类人和东西 A tiger can be dangerous.老虎可能有危害性。
3. 表示"某一个"的意思A gentleman wants to see you.有一位先生要见你。
4. 表示"同一"的意思They are nearly of an age.他们几乎同岁。
5. 表示"每一"的意思We go swimming four times a week.我们每周去游泳四次。
6. 在作表语的单数可数名词前,表示身份、职业My mother is a teacher.我妈是教师。
7. 第一次提到的人或事物,但不特别指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.很久很久以前,有一个年老的国王,他有一个非常美丽的女儿。
8. 在英国英语中,以"h"开头的多音节词,如第一个音节不重读,其前亦可用"an" There is a/an hotel near here.这附近有一家旅馆。
高中英语语法及物动词和不及物动词用法讲解和练习
1不及物动词 vi :是不能直接跟宾语的动词, 可以添加一个介词后再跟宾语,主+vi My watch stopped.主+vi +adv( 状) It is raining now.主+vi +介+名词/代词 Everybody lisened to the lecture .主+vi +介词短语 It happened at midnight.不及物动词无被动 The accident was happened last week . 错The accident happened last week . 对2,及物动词 vt :其后能直接跟宾语。
主+vt +宾语 I love you .主+vt + 宾+宾 He told me a secret =He told a secret to me.Mary bought me a dictionary .=Mary bought a dictionary for me . 主+vt +宾+宾补 we consider him an honest boy .The doctor advised me to have a good rest .I smell something burning in the kitchen.I often hear the song sung by the children .Keep all the clothes in the closet.主 +be done 被动一定是及物动词,视为不缺宾语。
Rome was not built in a day. 伟业非一日之功。
3.既可以用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词,其意义不变。
begin vi/vtEverybody ,our game begins.Let’s beg in our game.4. .既可以用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词,其意义完全不同。
We saw the mountain when the clouds lifted.消散He lifted his glass and drank.举起类似:beat vi 跳动 vt 敲,打Grow vi 生长 vt 种植Play vi 玩耍 vt 打,演奏Smell vi 发出气味 vt 嗅Ring vi 响,vt 打电话Speak vi 讲话 vt 说语言Hang vi 悬挂 vt 绞死Operate vi 动手术 vt 操作练习 A:I was at the dentist’s last Sunday to have my teeth checked ( ). I had bought ( ) myself a magazine since I had ample time to wait. I was sitting ( ) in the waiting room when a young man entered. He had also come to see ( ) the dentist. We had a casual conversation in the waiting room. We talked ( ) about many things, basketball, music, medical insurance, etc. Then our topic turned( ) to our teeth. He told me he had a hole in one of his teeth and wanted to have it filled. ‘It hurts ( ) a lot,’ he told me, ‘whenever I eat something hot or cold.’ It was obvious that he was suffering ( ) great pain when he talked. I thought ( ) it better to comfort him in some way, so I told him not to worry, because I had exactly the same experience. After the hole in my tooth was filled, I felt quite all right. Hearing this, he smiled ( ) happily.B1. answer/answer fora. Hearing the bell, Jane got up from her chair and went to __________ the door.b. If you continue to behave like this, you’ll have to ____________ your behavior.2. benefit/benefit froma. The project has __________ the country in many aspects.b. It is expected that both countries will ___________ this agreement.3. decide/decide againsta. Have you _________ what to do aftergraduation?b. To our surprise, they ________________ the plan without any explanation.4. pay/pay fora. He thanked the repairman and ______ him twenty dollars.b. To ________ the ticket for the concert, my sister decided to take a part-time job.5. adjust/adjust toa. I’m afraid we have to _________ the development of computer technology.b. The monitor needs to be ________ so that everyone can read what is on the screen.。
高中英语语法专项练习题及讲解
高中英语语法专项练习题及讲解1. 练习题: 选择正确的选项完成句子。
- I have been studying English for three years. I am very _______ in my progress.A. disappointedB. satisfiedC. confusedD. surprised2. 讲解: 这个句子描述了一个人学习英语已经三年了,并且对自己的进步感到某种情绪。
选项A表示失望,选项B表示满意,选项C表示困惑,选项D表示惊讶。
根据句子的语境,正确的情绪应该是满意,因为学习了三年,通常意味着取得了进步。
所以正确答案是B。
3. 练习题: 用正确的时态填空。
- By the time you arrive, the meeting _______ already started.A. will have startedB. had startedC. has startedD. is starting4. 讲解: 这个句子涉及到将来完成时态的使用。
"By the time"这个短语通常用来表示一个动作在另一个动作发生之前已经完成。
因此,我们需要使用将来完成时态。
选项A "will have started" 正确地表达了这个意思,表示在你到达的时候,会议已经结束了。
5. 练习题: 选择正确的词组完成句子。
- The teacher _______ the students to hand in their homework on time.A. expects ofB. expects fromC. expects toD. expects6. 讲解: 这个句子需要一个词组来表达老师对学生的期望。
选项A和B都包含了"expects",但是"of"和"from"在这里都不适用。
高中英语语法基础 强调句型知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——强调句型知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)在高中英语中,强调句是重点句型,也是难点句型,更是考试中的高频句型。
作为英语语言表达中一种句型,强调句的使用,目的在于通过强调主语、宾语或者是状语某个部分,来强化表述自己对一句话中某一个点(时间、地点、人物、事件等方面)的情感,态度和意愿。
强调句属于主从复合句,但强调部分只强调句子的某一个成分。
英语中常用的强调结构有:It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+that/who...(陈述句);疑问词what/how/why…+be it that…句型(疑问句);It was not until… + that…句型。
一)、陈述句强调句型(1)It is/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+从句。
如:原句:Mary did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语:It was Mary who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调宾语:It was the experiment that Mary did in the lab yesterday evening.强调时间:It was yesterday evening that Mary did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)强调地点:It was in the lab that Mary did the experiment yesterday evening. (注意不用where)(2)强调谓语动词时,用助动词do/does或did。
如:Do remember to get up early tomorrow, or we will miss the train.Do be careful when you cross the street.He did write to you last week.Mr.White, I did hand in my homework to you this morning.二)、疑问句强调句型1、一般疑问句的强调句型:形式上只需将is / was提前,即:Is / Was+ it+被强调部分+that / who+从句? 如:Was it your brother that made you get hurt?Was it in Beihai Park that they made a date for the first time?2、特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问词Who / When / What / How / Where / Why...)+is / was+it+that+从句?如:原句:How did he come here ? 强调句:How was it that he came here ?原句:Why did he came late ? 强调句:Why was it that he came late ?原句:When / Where did you met your girlfriend for the first time ?强调句:When and where was it that you met your girlfriend for the first time ?三)、not...until...强调句型1、句型为:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+从句。
高考英语语法特殊句式专题讲解练习含答案
完全倒装谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子,便是完全倒装句,或叫全部倒装。
1.表示方位或方向的副词或介词短语,如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall以及表示时间的now, then等,置于句首且主语是名词时,句子完全倒装。
►Be quick!Here comes the bus.快点,公共汽车来了!►For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.片刻之间什么声音也没有,之后大家一起欢呼起来。
【注意】上述情况中,若主语是人称代词,则句子用部分倒装。
►Away they went.他们走了。
►Over it turns!它翻过来了!2.表语+连系动词+主语(表语可以是:形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)►Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授,史密斯教授还有许多其他客人。
3.such+be+主语►Such are the facts: no one can deny them.这些就是事实,没有人可以否认它们。
部分倒装部分倒装只是把谓语的一部分提到主语前面,即把谓语部分的“助动词/情态动词/be 动词”提到主语的前面,谓语的其他部分仍在主语后面。
1.So/Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)►Lily can't play table–tennis. Neither can I.莉莉不会打乒乓球,我也不会。
2.否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely等,及表示否定意义的介词短语at no time, in no case, under/in no circumstances, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。
高中英语最实用语法一般过去时、现在完成时、将来完成时讲解和经典习题
I. 一般过去时一般过去时:在过去发生的动作,现在已经结束。
基本用法:1.过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
表示过去时间的时间状语:last+时间、时间+ago、yesterday、just now、the other day、once upon a time、at that time、then2. 表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态,可与频度副词always、usually、often等连用。
表示过去的习惯性动作,除了用动词过去式外,还可以用used to do sth、would do sth3.表示说话人始料未及的事情I didn’t know it was you.I never thought you would bring me a gift.4.宾语从句时态:主现从、主过从5.表示已去世者的情况或过去的历史。
II. 现在完成时一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:否认句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否认)三.用法〔1〕现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)〔2〕现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作〔用行为动词表示〕或状态〔be动词表示〕常与for〔+时间段〕,since〔+时间点或过去时的句子〕连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点〔译为:自从……以来〕③since+时段+ago④主句〔现在完成时〕since+从句〔一般过去时〕→主完从过●⑤It is/ has been +时段+since+从句〔过去时〕Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.⑥It is + 第几次〔the first time〕that + 句子〔现在完成时〕四. has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过〔已不在去过的地方〕My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多久〔还在所呆的地方〕My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 五.现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习
主谓一致Ⅰ. 主谓一致原则含义:在英语句子中,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
分类:语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。
Ⅱ. 语法一致原则:谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is true.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
What I bought were three English books.What I say and do has nothing to do with you.★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语;a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语:This pair of shoes is not mine.The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.2.―单数名词+ and + 单数名词‖作主语,谓语动词用复数:You and I are good friends.The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数:a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + 单数名词(人)+ 单数谓语a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ 复数谓语The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式:Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Every minute and every second is precious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词,由于关系密切,已被看成一个整体,因而作主语时,谓语单词用单数。
高中语法句子成分练习题及讲解
高中语法句子成分练习题及讲解### 高中语法句子成分练习题及讲解#### 练习题一:主谓一致1. 题目:阅读下列句子,找出主语和谓语,并判断是否一致。
- 例句:The team is working on the project.- 答案:主语是 "The team",谓语是 "is working",一致。
2. 题目:完成下列句子,确保主谓一致。
- 例句:All of the homework __ done by the students.- 答案:All of the homework is done by the students.#### 练习题二:定语从句1. 题目:将下列句子改写为含有定语从句的形式。
- 例句:The book is interesting. I read it last night. - 答案:The book that I read last night is interesting.2. 题目:选择正确的关系代词填空。
- 例句:I have a friend __ I can trust.- 答案:I have a friend whom I can trust.#### 练习题三:状语从句1. 题目:将下列句子改写为含有时间状语从句的形式。
- 例句:When the bell rang, the students left the classroom.- 答案:The students left the classroom when the bell rang.2. 题目:选择正确的连词填空。
- 例句:She will call you __ she arrives.- 答案:She will call you as soon as she arrives.#### 练习题四:名词性从句1. 题目:将下列句子改写为含有宾语从句的形式。
高中英语语法专题一: 英语语法框架 句子成分讲解和练习(word版 含答案)
Part 1:英语语法框架一·词法:词法研究的对象是各种词的形式及其用法。
英语词类的形式变化有:名词和代词的数,格和性的形式变化;动词的人称、时态、语态、语气等形式变化;以及形容词和副词比较等级的形式变化。
种类:1 名词:是人和事物的名称,如pen(钢笔);English(英语),life(生活)。
2 代词:是用来代替名词的词,如we(我们),his(他的),all(全部)。
3 副词: 是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词,如quickly(快),often(经常),very(很)。
4 数词:是表示“多少”和“第几”的词,如four(四),eighteen(十八),first(第一)5 形容词:用来修饰名词,如great(伟大的),honest(诚实的),difficult(困难的)。
6 动词: 表示动作和状态,如write(写),walk(行走),think(想)。
7 连词: 是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词,如and(和),because(因为),if(假如)8 冠词: 说明名词所指的人或物的词,如a,an(一个),the(这,那)。
9 介词: 表示名词(或代词)与句子里其它词的关系,如from(从),in(在…内),between(在…之间)。
10 感叹词: 表示感情,如oh(噢),aha(啊哈),hush(嘘)。
[注一]属于前六类(名、代、副、数、形、动等词)的词都有实义,叫做实词。
属于后四类(连、冠、介、感等词)的词没有实义,叫做虚词。
[注二]不少词可以属于几个词类,如work(工作;动词和名词),fast(快,形容词和副词),since(自从;连词和介词)等。
构词法定义:构词法是研究怎样造词的学问。
掌握构词法有助于记忆单词,扩大词汇量。
英语单词看似海量,其实真正“原生态”的数量有限,而大量的都是通过构词法造出来的。
如:Foot (足) + ball (球) ------football 足球Sea (海) + food ( 食品) -----seafood 海鲜食品种类:英语最基本的构词法有三种:派生,合成和转化。
高中英语句型总结大全及答案
高中英语句型总结大全及答案一、基本句型1.Subject + Verb–Example: He plays basketball.2.Subject + Verb + Object–Example: She eats an apple.二、肯定句型1.Subject + Be (am/is/are) + Adjective/Noun–Example: She is beautiful.2.Subject + Verb + Complement–Example: He looks happy.三、否定句型1.Subject + Do/Does/Did + Not + Verb–Example: They do not like ice cream.2.Subject + Be (am/is/are) + Not + Adjective/Noun–Example: It is not easy.四、疑问句型1.Be (am/is/are) + Subject + ?–Example: Are you ready?2.Do/Does/Did + Subject + Verb + ?–Example: Did she finish her homework?五、特殊句型1.There + Be + Subject + (Adjective/Noun)–Example: There is a cat on the table.2.It + Be (am/is/are) + Adjective/Noun + (for + Subject) + to + Verb–Example: It is important for us to study hard.六、答案示例1.肯定回答:•Yes, I am.•Yes, she did.2.否定回答:–No, they are not.–No, it is not mine.结语以上是高中英语句型总结大全及答案的内容,希望对您有所帮助并提升英语表达能力。
高中英语必修一语法练习题及讲解
高中英语必修一语法练习题及讲解一、名词性从句1. 完成下列句子,使用适当的名词性从句:- 我不确定他是否会参加派对。
- 我们很高兴听到你已经通过了考试。
- 她不知道什么时候他会回来。
2. 将下列句子改写为名词性从句:- He said he was tired. → He said that he was tired.二、定语从句1. 完成下列句子,使用适当的定语从句:- 我昨天借的那本书很有趣。
- 那个正在图书馆学习的女孩是我的同学。
2. 将下列句子改写为定语从句:- The boy is my brother. He is reading a book. → The boy who is reading a book is my brother.三、状语从句1. 用适当的状语从句连接词完成下列句子:- 尽管他很努力,但他没有通过考试。
- 我们一到达那里,就开始了我们的旅行。
2. 将下列句子改写为状语从句:- He will call me when he arrives. → He wil l call me on his arrival.四、虚拟语气1. 用虚拟语气完成下列句子:- 我建议我们明天去看电影。
- 如果我有更多的时间,我会去旅行。
2. 将下列句子改写为虚拟语气:- He said he would help me. → He said he would have helped me if he had had time.五、时态和语态1. 用正确的时态完成下列句子:- 我正在读一本书,当我听到有人敲门。
- 他告诉我他已经完成了他的作业。
2. 将下列句子改写为被动语态:- The teacher will give us a test tomorrow. → A test will be given to us by the teacher tomorrow.六、非谓语动词1. 用适当的非谓语动词形式完成下列句子:- 他喜欢在公园里散步。
精品-高中英语语法通霸-6.英语句子成分和结构讲解分析划分与练习及答案
句子结构及成分① 相关概念1.词性的英文缩写在英语学习中,掌握单词词性非常重要。
如果我们在记单词的时只记拼写、读音而不记词性的话,我们就不知道如何使用它们,所以我们在记单词时一定要把单词词性记准记牢。
缩写字母原词代表词性n. noun 名词v. verb 动词vt. transitiveverb 及物动词vi. intransitiveverb不及物动词modal v. modal verb 情态动词aux. v. auxiliaryverb 助动词adj. adjective 形容词adv. adverb 副词num. numeral 数词interj. interjection 感叹词pron . pronoun 代词prep. preposition 介词art . article 冠词conj conjunction 连词2.及物动词和不及物动词实义动词后面跟宾语时,这个动词是及物动词。
实义动词后面不跟宾语时,此时这个动词是不及物动词。
The door opened.(open 后面没跟宾语,此时,open 是不及物动词。
)He opened the door.(open 后面有宾语the door, 此时,open 是及物动词。
)注意:英语中一个动词是及物动词还是不及物动词,关键是看它用在句中时后面是否跟宾语。
有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词,词义相同。
如:The meeting began at six. <vi.> We began the meetingat six. < vt.>有(答疑 qq 329950885)些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词,但词义不同。
如:The man walked away. (walk 不及物动词,意为“走”) He walked the dog every day. ( walk 及物动词,“遛”)She washes clothes at home. (wash 及物动词,“洗”)The clothes washes well. (wash 不及物动词,“耐洗”)英语中一些单词是及物还是不及物,可能与汉语不同。
高中英语语法基础 强调句型知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——强调句型知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)在高中英语中,强调句是重点句型,也是难点句型,更是考试中的高频句型。
作为英语语言表达中一种句型,强调句的使用,目的在于通过强调主语、宾语或者是状语某个部分,来强化表述自己对一句话中某一个点(时间、地点、人物、事件等方面)的情感,态度和意愿。
强调句属于主从复合句,但强调部分只强调句子的某一个成分。
英语中常用的强调结构有:It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+that/who...(陈述句);疑问词what/how/why…+be it that…句型(疑问句);It was not until… + that…句型。
一)、陈述句强调句型(1)It is/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+从句。
如:原句:Mary did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语:It was Mary who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调宾语:It was the experiment that Mary did in the lab yesterday evening.强调时间:It was yesterday evening that Mary did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)强调地点:It was in the lab that Mary did the experiment yesterday evening. (注意不用where)(2)强调谓语动词时,用助动词do/does或did。
如:Do remember to get up early tomorrow, or we will miss the train.Do be careful when you cross the street.He did write to you last week.Mr.White, I did hand in my homework to you this morning.二)、疑问句强调句型1、一般疑问句的强调句型:形式上只需将is / was提前,即:Is / Was+ it+被强调部分+that / who+从句? 如:Was it your brother that made you get hurt?Was it in Beihai Park that they made a date for the first time?2、特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问词Who / When / What / How / Where / Why...)+is / was+it+that+从句?如:原句:How did he come here ? 强调句:How was it that he came here ?原句:Why did he came late ? 强调句:Why was it that he came late ?原句:When / Where did you met your girlfriend for the first time ?强调句:When and where was it that you met your girlfriend for the first time ?三)、not...until...强调句型1、句型为:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+从句。
高中英语2024届高考考点讲解与练习(非谓语动词作定语+非谓语动词作状语+非谓语动词作宾语补足语)
高考英语语法考点讲解与练习一、非谓语动词作定语【知识要点】1、非谓语动词包括四种:-to do不定式,-ing分词,-ed分词和动名词。
(重点为前三种)2、非谓语动词的词性及句法功能①-to do不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词,可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语;②-ing分词相当于形容词和副词,可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语;③-ed分词相当于形容词和副词,可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语;④动名词相当于名词,可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
3、前三种非谓语动词的形式与意义① -ing分词的基本意义为:主动或进行,变形有:进行式:doing被动式:being done完成式:having done完成被动式:having been done②-to do不定式的基本意义为:主动将来,变形有:进行式:to be doing被动式:to be done完成式:to have done完成被动式:to have been done③-ed分词表示被动或完成。
4、非谓语动词作定语由于三种非谓语动词都具有形容词的性质,所以它们都可以在句子中充当定语,并根据其在被修饰的名词中心词的前后位置,分为前置定语和后置定语两种。
the falling leaves (-ing分词作前置定语,“正在下落的叶子”)the leaves falling in the sky (-ing分词短语作后置定语,“正在空中下落的叶子”)the coming/following day (-ing分词作前置定语,“第二天”)the day to come (-to do分词短语作后置定语,“第二天”)the fallen leaves (-ed分词作前置定语,“已经落地的叶子/落叶”)the house burnt to the ground (-ed分词短语作后置定语,“被烧成废墟的房子”)【练习】单句语法填空1.Looking at the ______ (fall) leaves in the sky, he knows the fall is coming.2.Seeing the ______ (fall) leaves on the ground, he decided to do some sweeping first before sitting down to have a rest.3.It is said that the building ______ (build) here next year will be completed within one year.4.It is said that the building ______ (build) here now will be completed within one year.5.It is said that the building ______ (build) here last year will be rebuilt soon.6.The gentleman ______ (seat) next to Tom is his best friend.7.The gentleman ______ (sit) next to Tom is his best friend.8.The room was in a mass, with those ______ (break) furniture.9.The purely white snow looks like a beautiful blanket ______ (cover) the land.10.The police have got enough evidence ______ (prove) that he is guilty.11.Turn to the right and you will see a wide road ______ (lead) up to the building.12.If you get the first place, you will win an all expenses ______ (pay) journey.13.All the ______ (question) people supported the government’s latest policy.14.You should keep well the books ______ (borrow) from the library.15.Can those people ______ (seat) at the back hear me?二、非谓语动词作状语【知识要点】非谓语动词作状语由于三种非谓语动词都具有副词的性质,所以它们都可以在句子中充当状语。
高中英语语法-独立主格讲解与练习
独立主格结构一、概念“独立主格结构”就是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词(副)词或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
该结构不是句子,也不是从句,所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化,它与主句之间不能通过并列连词连接,也不能由从句阴道词引导,通常用逗号与主句隔开。
独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或者其他状语形式,但很多时候不能转化为分词形式,因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。
二、独立主格的特点1.当独立主格结构中的being done表示“正在被做时”,being不可以被省略。
2.当独立主格结构的逻辑主语是it,there时,being不可以省略。
三、独立主格结构的用法。
放在句首,表示原因时还可放在句末;表伴随状况或补充说明时,相当于一个并列句,通常放于句末。
四、非谓语动词独立主格结构。
“名词或代词+非谓语动词”结构构成的独立主格结构称为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。
名词或代词和非谓语动词具有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.不定式构成的独立主格结构不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的行为或状态,在句中常作原因状语,有时做条件状语。
Lots of homework to do,I have to stayhome all day.由于很多作业要做,我只好待在家里。
Somany childrentolook after,the mother has toquit herjob.如此多的孩子要照顾,这个妈妈不得不辞掉她的工作。
2.动词+ing形式的独立主格结构动词-ing形式的句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是主句的主语,否则就是不正确的。
动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时,就应在动词的-ing形式前加上逻辑主语,构成动词-ing 形式的独立主格结构,逻辑主语与动词间为主谓关系,是分词的动作执行者,分词表示的动作时逻辑主语发出的动作。
ﻫWe redoubled our efforts,each manworking liketwo.ﻫ我们加倍努力,每个人就像在干两个人的活。
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高中英语语法—句子成分英语语法分为___________和____________。
1.词法词法是指语法中介绍词的种类、词形变化以及词的用法等内容的部分。
1.1词类英语按照词义、词形及其在句子中的功用可分为十大类别,即:名词,_________,形容词,_________,__________,数词,__________,介词,________和__________。
这十大类词还可以简便的归属两大范畴:____________和_____________。
_____________:名词,动词,形容词,副词,代词,数词_____________:冠词,介词,连词,感叹词顾名思义,实义词具有一定的词汇意义,在句子中可以独立担任成分,如主语,定语,状语等;而结构词,有时又称作功能词,主要起结构和功能作用,表示词与词之间或句子与句子中各个部分之间的关系,以及帮助构成各种时态、语态和语气等。
1.2 各词类的作用和语法功能2.1.句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。
英语句子成分有主语,____________,表语,__________,补语,___________,状语, ____________。
2.1.1主语主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,它是动作的_____________,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词___________。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
请划出下列句子中的主语并说明该主语由什么词充当:During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class.One-third of the students in this class are girls.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.It is necessary to master a foreign language.2.1.2谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,由__________或___________充当。
请划出下列句子中的谓语并说明该谓语由什么词充当:We study math and English at school.2.1.3表语表语用以说明主语的__________、____________、__________和____________。
它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, see, sound, smell, taste, remain等)之后。
表语一般由名词、__________、形容词、_________、数词、__________、___________、介词短语、副词及__________等充当。
请划出下列句子中的表语并说明该表语由什么词充当:Our English teacher is an American.Is it yours?The weather has turned cold.The speech is exciting.Three times seven is twenty one.His job is to teach English.His hobby(爱好)is playing football.The machine must be out of order.Time is up. The class is over.The truth is that he has never been abroad.My watch is gone / missing / lost.2.1.4宾语宾语表示动作行为的对象,它是动作的____________,跟在______________或________之后。
宾语可以是_________、代词、__________,__________、动词不定式或动词词组、__________________以及从句等。
请划出下列句子中的宾语并说明该宾语由什么词充当:They went to see an exhibition yesterday.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.He pretended not to see me.I enjoy listening to popular music.I think(that)he is fit for the job.Are you afraid of the snake?Under the snow, there are many rocks.[注] 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫____________,指物的叫_____________。
例如:他给了我一些墨水。
翻译:____________________________________2.1.5补语补充说明主语或宾语,说明其名称,特征,状态或所做的动作等,通常由_________,__________等充当。
补充说明宾语的成分被称为________________,简称“宾补”;宾补和宾语一起构成__________________。
补充说明主语的成分被称为__________________,简称“主补”,主补和主语一起构成______________。
请划出下列句子中的宾语并说明该宾语由什么词充当:We make him our monitor.The house was painted white.His father named him John.They painted their boat white.Let the fresh air in.You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.We saw her entering the room.We found everything in the lab in good order.We will soon make our city what your city is now.Your friend comes to school very upset.He went to bed last night cold and hungry.Don’t let him do that.I’ll have my bike repaired.2.1.6定语在句中修饰_____________或____________的词、短语或从句称为定语。
请划出下列句子中的定语并说明该定语由什么词充当:Guilin is a beautiful city.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.There are thirty women teachers is our school.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.I watched all the glasses that were on the table fall off onto the floor.The man over there is my old friend.2.1.7状语修饰__________,___________,____________或__________的成分叫做状语。
请划出下列句子中的状语并说明该状语由什么词充当:Light travels most quickly.He has lived in the city for ten years.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.He is in the room making a model plane.Wait a minute.Once you begin, you must continue.状语种类如下:(请注明以下状语的类型)How about meeting again at six?Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.Mr Smith lives on the third floor.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.She came in with a dictionary in her hand.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.She works very hard though she is old.I am taller than he is.I like some of you very much.He goes to school by bike.2.1.8同位语同位语对主语、表语、宾语等进行解释,使其_____________。
同位语通常由__________、代词、数词、_______________等充当。