专题八 非谓语动词和独立主格结构2
（完整版）非谓语动词和独立主格
（完整版）非谓语动词和独立主格非谓语动词非谓语动词：1.动词不定式【to+动词原型】2.动名词【动词+ing】3.（现在、过去）分词四个要点：1.一个句子中有多个动词时，其中一个是谓语，其他全部是非谓语。
2.主动ing，被动ed，要做去做todo3.如果非谓语是主语做的，前面什么都不用加；如果非谓语不是主语做的，谁做的，加谁。
4.非谓语就是从句的简化。
举例：Jack唱着歌回家。
Singing a song，Jack went homeJack受伤了回家。
Injured，Jack went homeRose受伤了，Jack哭了。
Rose injured，Jack criedRose笑了，Jack笑了。
Rose smiling，Jack smiled.独立主格结构独立主格结构就是给非谓语动词加上逻辑主语独立主格结构基本构成形式：名词(代词)+现在分词；过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。
在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句。
需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
这里分形式具体举例，以便熟悉知识点。
1.名词(代词)+现在分词Time permitting, I will go with you时间允许的话，我就和你一起走。
2.名词(代词)+过去分词The work done, he went back home.工作完成后，他回家了。
3.名词(代词)+不定式在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则用主动的形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。
语法 专题8 非谓语动词和独立主格结构
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoz.x.x.kld一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。
例如：I should liz.x.x.kch, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。
John will do anything but worz.x.x.kt shutting the door beh ind him.他出去后将门随手关上。
Not z.x.x.kt a word more spoken, he picked up the paper.没再多说一个字，他拾起那张纸。
（借此结构；表伴随）6、The last guest to arrive, our party was started.最后一位客人到了，我们的晚会开始了。
（名词＋不定式；表时间）五、独立主格结构与分词短语作状语的异同：1、独立主格结构与分词短语都可以转化成状语从句。
但是，独立主格结构转换成状语从句后，有自己的逻辑主语，与主句的主语不一致；而分词短语转化为状语从句后，从句的主语与主句的主语相同。
例：⑴ If time permit, we’d better have a rest at this weekend.－→Time permitting，we’d better have a rest at this week end.如果时间允许，本周末我们最好休息一下。
⑵ When we see from the top floor, we can find the garden m ore beautiful. －→Seeing from the top floor, we can find t he garden more beautiful. 从顶楼上看，花园更漂亮。
高中英语语法精讲第8章独立主格结构
高中英语语法精讲第八章独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。
但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）。
其实，所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。
一、非谓语动词独立主格结构在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
Such an able man to help you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.有这么能干的人来帮你,你迟早一定会成功的。
（such an able man和to help you之间存在着主谓关系）= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。
（seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he，注意是“主格”）= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。
（lost的逻辑主语是the key，lost也可以用完成式having been lost）= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.A.不定式“独立主格结构”在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
非谓语动词与独立主格结构
非谓语动词与独立主格结构非谓语动词分为三类:不定式(infinitive)、动名词(gerund)与分词(participle)。
其特点就是:1.不定式、动名词与分词可以做很多句子成分,但就就是不能单独做谓语,这也就是它们被称为"非谓语动词"得原因。
2.它们具有各种形态:一般式、主动态、被动态、进行态与完成态。
3.不定式与动名词可以做主语、宾语、表语、补语等。
但不管起什么作用,它们都具有动词得功能,但无语法上得动词性质,这一点可以通过它们不受主语得人称与数得限制体现出来。
4.分词起形容词与副词作用,可做表语、定语、状语,但不能做主语与宾语。
它也不受主语人称与数得限制。
一.不定式1、完成式不定式得一般形式所表示得动作, 通常与主要谓语表示得动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生, 或就是在它之后发生、假如不定式所表示得动作, 在谓语所表示得动作(状态)之前发生, 就要用不定式得完成式、I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother)、(比较: I am glad to see you、)He is said to have written a new book about workers、He pretended not to have seen me、2、进行式如果主要谓语表示得动作(状态)发生时, 不定式表示得动作正在进行, 这时要用不定式得进行式、You are not supposed to be working、You haven’t quite recovered yet、We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here、He pretended to be listening attentively、3、完成进行式在谓语所表示得时间之前一直进行得动作, 就要用不定式得完成进行式、The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years、We are happy to have been working with you、4、被动式当不定式得逻辑上得主语就是不定式所表示得动作得承受者时, 不定式一般要用被动形式、It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here、She hated to be flattered、He wanted the letter to be typed at once、【例】Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the nation、A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is to be left结合选项来瞧,全句得意思:“78岁得丹尼斯爵士已经向众人宣布她得许多收藏品将留给国家"。
独立主格结构和非谓语动词的形式
独立主格结构和非谓语动词的形式独立主格结构和非谓语动词形式是英语语法中常见的结构形式，虽然不是很复杂，但是很多学习者在使用中容易出现错误或混淆。
下面是对这两种结构进行详细的讲解。
一、独立主格结构1. 定义：独立主格结构指由名词、代词或形容词等词作主语，和一个动名词或不定式构成的句子结构，该结构可以单独存在，不与句子其它成分有句法关系，也不影响句子的主谓结构。
2. 例句：- 她在听音乐的时候，看到我的到来。
(When she was listening to music, she saw my arrival.)- 我们惊讶地看着他赢得比赛。
(We watched him win the game with surprise.)3. 特点：- 独立主格结构可以放在句首、句中或句尾。
- 独立主格结构与主句之间用逗号隔开；但如主语为 it 或 there 等形式，就无需加逗号。
- 独立主格结构表示的动作或状态是时间上或原因上与主语的动作或状态同时或先于主语的动作或状态产生的。
二、非谓语动词形式1. 定义：非谓语动词指动词的一种形式，与实意动词一样有时态和语态之分，但不具有主谓关系的特征，可以作名词、形容词、副词的修饰语或状语。
2. 例句：- 他很喜欢跑步。
(He likes running very much.)- 我已经看过这本小说。
(I have read this novel.)3. 特点：- 非谓语动词可以表示动作或状态，包括不定式、动名词和分词。
- 不定式用于表示未完成的动作或目的，常用 to + 动词原形的形式。
- 动名词常常与进行时态连用，常用动词 + ing 的形式。
- 分词可作形容词使用，分现在分词和过去分词两种形式，有状语和定语的双重作用。
总之，在使用独立主格结构和非谓语动词形式时，需要注意它们所代表的中心意思和句子结构的要求。
正确使用这两种结构形式会让英语表达更加丰富和具有表现力。
独立主格和非谓语动词的辨析
独立主格和非谓语动词的辨析当我们学习英语语法时，经常会遇到一些比较复杂的结构，其中包括独立主格和非谓语动词。
这两个结构看起来很相似，但其实有着不同的用法和功能。
在本文中，我们将详细讨论独立主格和非谓语动词的辨析，并展示如何正确运用它们。
一、独立主格的定义和用法独立主格是指一个名词或代词短语，在句子中作为独立成分，与其他成分相对独立，不与谓语动词直接相连。
1.1 独立主格的结构独立主格由一个名词或代词作为主体，加上一个现在分词或过去分词构成。
例如：“Tom reading a book, his sister was watching TV.”（汤姆读书时，他的妹妹在看电视。
）1.2 独立主格的用法独立主格用于表示一个同时或相对于主句发生的情境或条件。
独立主格起强调或补充的作用，为句子增添信息。
1.3 独立主格的例子- Weather permitting, we will go hiking this weekend.（如果天气允许的话，我们这周末会去远足。
）- The test finished, the students left the classroom.（考试结束后，学生们离开了教室。
）二、非谓语动词的定义和用法非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的功能，但不具备时态和主语的形式，不能独立构成谓语动词。
非谓语动词有分词、不定式和动名词三种形式。
2.1 非谓语动词的结构2.1.1 分词：分为现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词通常以-ing结尾，过去分词通常以-ed、-en、-d、-t、-n等结尾。
2.1.2 不定式：不定式的一般形式为“to + 动词原形”。
2.1.3 动名词：动名词的一般形式为动词原形 + -ing。
2.2 非谓语动词的用法2.2.1 分词用作定语：分词可以修饰名词或代词，充当定语的作用。
例如：“The broken window needs to be repaired.”（这扇坏了的窗户需要修理。
独立主格结构和非谓语动词的区别
独立主格结构和非谓语动词的区别
独立主格结构不是主谓完整的简单句，而只是一个短语。
其公式为：名词/名词短语/代词+不定式/ing分词/ed分词/形容词/副词/介词短语。
名词前也可以加with。
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其它成分。
1
非谓语动词和独立主格是两个不同的概念，但有交集：非谓语动词可以用作定语、状语和补语，独立主格结构是状语，二者的交集在状语。
例：1. Seen from the top of the hill, the city is beautiful.seen from the top of the hill是状语，句中is是谓语，seen是过去分词，属于是非谓语动词。
2. Book in hand, he came in.Book in hand是状语，in hand的逻辑主语是book而不是句子的主语he，这种状语就是独立主格结构。
独立主格，是带有主语的状语。
英语中状语的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，所以状语通常不会自带主语。
但有时出于表达的需要，状语就要带有自己的主语，这种有自己的主语的状语就是独立主格结构。
如果独立主格结构中有动词，这个动词就一定是非谓语动词，因为独立主格结构是状语，不是谓语。
如：Eyes fixed on the ground, the boy said nothing.
Eyes fixed on the ground是状语，也是独立主格，其中的fixed 是非谓语动词。
专题八 非谓语动词和独立主格结构
2010高考二轮复习英语学案专题八非谓语动词和独立主格结构【典例精析】1. （08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen2.(08全国卷I)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed3.(08北京)----Did the book give the information you needed?----Yes. But ____ it, I had to read the entire book.A. to findB. findC.to be findingD. finding4.（09湖南）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.A. GivingB. Having givenC. To giveD. Given6.（09江西）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A. forcedB. forcingC. to be forcedD. having forced7.（09海南）The children all turned_____the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at8.(09海南) Now that we’ve discussed ou t problem, are people happy with the decisions ?A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take9.（09山东）We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. holding10（09陕西）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to takeB. to be takenC. takingD. being taken11.（09福建） not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded12.（09福建）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. markingB. markedC. having markedD. being marked13.（09湖南）When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.A. would openB. openedC. had openedD. was to open14.（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.A. living; wonderingB. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonderedD. living; wondered【专题突破】依据非谓语动词各个不同类型的考查方式和特点。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解8---非谓语动词（解析版）
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解8---非谓语动词（解析版）高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题八非谓语动词2．寻找逻辑主语寻找逻辑主语，，确定逻辑主语与所给动词之间的关系非谓语动词虽然不能作谓语，但仍具有动词的特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就是逻辑主语。
分析非谓语动词与其逻辑主语(逻辑上的动作执行者)之间是主动关系还是被动关系(也就是看其逻辑主语是动作的发出者还是承受者)。
如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词形式。
如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词形式。
但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词形式的被动式。
[例2] The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras (return) to our shop for quality problems. [分析]returned句意：生产厂商定期来收集因质量问题而被退回到我们商店的相机。
句中已有谓语动词comes，因此设空处应为非谓语动词形式；且动词return与其逻辑主语the cameras之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填returned。
3．分析所给动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生的先后顺序非谓语动词所发生的时间是一个相对时间，即相对应谓语动词的动作发生的时间而言。
非谓语动词的形式不同，所指时间的含义也不同。
根据非谓语动词与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是完成式。
如to have done, having done表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；to be doing, doing表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
[例3] (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.[分析]Having worked考生容易误认为在句首设题，应填to work 表示目的。
非谓语动词与独立主格结构
二、独立主格
形式：
1. With + N + adj. 2. With + N + adv. 3. With + N + prep. 4. With + N + doing 重点 5. With + N + done 重点 6. With + N + to do 重点
特点： A: 用逗号 “,” 与主句分开，没有 “and”。 B: 介词with可省。 C: 在句中作状语，可改为相应的状语从句。
【专升本 英语 语法基础】
非谓语动词 & 独立主格结构
By Gordon ☺
一、非谓语动词 1. 定义： 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形 式叫做非谓语动词，它不受人称和数的限制。
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二、形式：
区别： Remember / forget / + doing(to do) Stop + doing (to do) Go on + doing (to do) Try + doing (to do)
e.g.: Given one more chance, I will make it. (With one more chance given, I will make it.)
(If I am given one more chance, I will make it.)
End of the Class To be Continue
(完整版)非谓语动词和独立主格.docx
非谓语动词非谓语动词：1.动词不定式【 to+ 动词原型】2.动名词【动词 +ing 】3.（现在、过去）分词四个要点：1.一个句子中有多个动词时，其中一个是谓语，其他全部是非谓语。
2.主动 ing，被动 ed，要做去做 todo3.如果非谓语是主语做的，前面什么都不用加；如果非谓语不是主语做的，谁做的，加谁。
4.非谓语就是从句的简化。
举例：Jack 唱着歌回家。
Singing a song， Jack went homeJack 受伤了回家。
Injured ， Jack went homeRose 受伤了， Jack 哭了。
Rose injured ，Jack criedRose 笑了， Jack 笑了。
Rose smiling ， Jack smiled.独立主格结构独立主格结构就是给非谓语动词加上逻辑主语独立主格结构基本构成形式：名词 (代词 )+现在分词；过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词 ,副词 ,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。
在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句。
需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
这里分形式具体举例，以便熟悉知识点。
1.名词 (代词 )+现在分词Time permitting, I will go with you时间允许的话，我就和你一起走。
2.名词 (代词 )+过去分词The work done, he went back home.工作完成后，他回家了。
3.名词 (代词 )+不定式在“名词 /代词 +动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主关系，不定式用主的形式；如果是关系，用被形式。
独立主格与非谓语的关系
独立主格与非谓语的关系
独立主格和非谓语动词短语（如动词不定式、动名词、分词短语等）是语法结构中的两个不同概念，它们在句子中有着不同的语法功能和表达方式。
1.独立主格：
•独立主格是一种结构，通常由名词（主要是名词或代词）和附加的修饰语构成。
•独立主格的作用是在句子中表示一种补充、解释或对比的关系，与主句之间是独立的，不受主句的语法结构限制。
•例子：天气晴朗，小鸟在树上歌唱。
这里的“天气晴朗”就是一个独立主格，它与主句“小鸟在树上歌唱”之间是并列
关系。
2.非谓语动词短语：
•非谓语动词短语是一个包含动词的短语，但它在句子中通常不充当主语或谓语，而是作为其他句子成分的一部分。
•非谓语动词短语包括动词不定式、动名词、分词短语等形式。
•例子：
•动词不定式：他喜欢读书。
这里的“读书”是一个不
定式短语，作为宾语。
•动名词：游泳是一项健康的运动。
这里的“游泳”是
一个动名词短语，作为主语。
•分词短语：被雨淋湿的他看起来很狼狈。
这里的“被
雨淋湿的”是一个分词短语，作为定语。
独立主格与非谓语动词短语在句子中的作用和结构有所不同，但它们都可以用来增加句子的表达能力。
在构建句子时，根据语境和表达需要，可以巧妙地运用独立主格和非谓语动词短语，使语言更加生动、灵活。
XX高考二轮复习英语教案 非谓语动词和独立主格结构
XX高考二轮复习英语教案非谓语动词和独立主格结构XX高考二轮复习英语教案专题八非谓语动词和独立主格结构【专题要点】非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下：1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语；2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语；3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词；4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语；5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别；6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别；7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别；8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语；9.therebe结构的两种非谓语形式；10.独立主格结构在句中作状语；11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。
【考纲要求】非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。
动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点,考纲要求掌握：非谓语动词的时态和语态；他们在英语句子中的作用；非谓语动词的基本用法和含义，非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分，比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等；掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析；掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。
对于独立主格结构考纲要求掌握独立主格结构的构成方式；在句子中的作用以及with复合结构。
【教法指引】非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。
高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当，尤其是对以下要点的复习：1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别；2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式；3.非谓语动词完成式的用法；4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语；5.非谓语动词用作目的状语；6.非谓语动词用作结果状语；7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语；8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题；9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题；10.“过去分词+介词”结构；11.动名词的复合结构和therebe结构的非谓语动词形式。
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2010高考二轮复习英语考案专题八非谓语动词和独立主格结构【专题考案】1. I’m thirsty. Will you get me something ____?A. drinkB. to drinkC. eatD. eating2. How long did you spend ____ your new house yesterday?A. to decorateB. decorateC. decoratingD. decorated3. It was great fun _____ a picnic on the hill.A. to haveB. of havingC. haveD. had4. ----Lily, keep the window ____. The sandstorm hasn’t stopped yet. ----OK, I’ll do that.A. closeB. closedC. openD. opened5. A policeman saw two thieves ____ a girl’s mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.A. to stealB. stealingC. stoleD. stolen6. It’s bad for your eyes ____ computer games for a long time.A. playsB. to playC. playD. played7. The scientist suggested ____ the experiment in a different way.A. doB. to doC. doingD. done8. --Do you often hear John ___ in his room? --Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him ___ in his room.A. sing; to singB. singing; singingC. sing; singingD. to sing; singing9. The headmaster’s words are quite _____.A. encouragedB. encouragementC. encouragingD. encourage10. Why not ____?A. let him to go homeB. to let him go homeC. let him go homeD. to let him to go home11. They were made ____ fourteen hours a day.A. workB. workingC. workedD. to work12. Is it always easier ____ friends than to keep them?A. makingB. makeC. to makeD. made13. He stood there for two hours ____ the game.A. watchedB. watchingC. is watchingD. was watching14. It ____ Jack twenty minutes ____ the math problem yesterday.A. took; to work outB. takes; worked outC. has taken; work outD. is taking; working out15. When you leave, don’t forget ____ off the light.A. to turnB. turningC. turnD. turned16. Who do you think you’d like ____?A. to make friendsB. make friendsC. to make friends withD. make friends with17. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries ____ it too often.A. to eatB. not eatC. to not eatD. not to eat18. --Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?--This Sunday? I am sorry, I have a lot of homework ____ this Sunday.A. to doB. doneC. doD. to be done19. Sally had no pen ____ yesterday morning.A. to writeB. to write withC. writingD. writing with20. John asked David how ____ Christmas.A. celebratingB. to celebrateC. to be celebratedD. celebrate21. --Excuse me, sir. Look at the sign on the wall “NO ____”.--Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll never do it again.A. PARKEDB. SMOKEC. SPITTINGD. SMOKED22. ----Boys and girls, will you please ____ the park this afternoon? ----OK.A. not cleaning outB. not to clean outC. to clean upD. clean up23. Do you practice ______ English every morning?A. speakB. to speakC. speakingD. spoken24. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from ____ the earth away.A. blowB. blowingC. blewD. to blow25. We all considered Mr Zhao ____ teacher.A. be the bestB. to be the bestC. being bestD. being the best26. My sister used to be fond of ____ table tennis.A. playB. playedC. playingD. to play27. How about ____?A. to go out for a walkB. go swimming in the riverC. visiting the sick children in the hospitalD. to having lunch in the restaurant28. It’s very kind ____ you to ____ me ____ the heavy bag.A. for; tell; to takeB. of; thank; forC. to; speak; to haveD. of; help; carry29. Have you decided ____?A. to go with whomB. whom to go withC. whom go withD. with whom to go30. Her hope ____ a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to winB. is to winC. winningD. will win31. The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred people.A. holdingB. holdC. to holdD. holds32. Would you please pass me the knife ____?A. to cut the watermelon withB. to cut the watermelonC. cutting the watermelonD. cutting the watermelon with33. It is better to teach a man to fish than ____ him fish.A. givingB. to giveC. givesD. gave34. Jenny is interested in ____ in her free time.A. listened to the radioB. reading magazinesC. watch TVD. plays tennis35. The policeman warned the young man____ after drinking.A. never to driveB. to never driveC. never drivingD. never drive36. What do you think is the best way ____the wild animals?A. protectingB. to protectC. protectedD. protect37. I’d rather ____ on the land ____ in a factory.A. work; than workB. work; workC. to work; than to workD. to work; to work38. My grandfather is used ____ a hat in winter.A. to wearB. for wearingC. wearingD. to wearing39. She is ____with her mother this afternoon.A. going to shoppingB. going shoppingC. going to be shoppingD. go to shop40. The result of the game is ____.A. frustrateB. frustratingC. frustratedD. frustrates41. I’m sorry ____ you enough help.A. have givenB. of not givingC. not to have givenD. to have given42. Her brother was ____ at her words.A. annoyB. annoyingC. annoyedD.being annoying43. After the earthquake, almost all the windows are ____.A. breakB. brokeC. brokenD. breaking44. They are looking forward to ____ all over the world.A. travelB. traveledC. travelingD. be traveled45. Would you mind ____ because there’re so many children ____ here?A. smoke; playB. smoking; playingC. not smoking; playD. not smoking; playing46. Some students from Grade 9 ____ do some ____ for the old.A. volunteered to; cleanB. volunteered; cleaningC. volunteered to; cleaningD. volunteered; clean47. ____ English is much easier than speaking it.A. ReadB. To readC. ReadingD. Reads48. The young man was often seen ____ by the lake.A. to drawB. to drawingC. drawD. drew49. When he was in the office, he preferred ____ something ____ nothing.A. to do; than doB. to do; rather thanC. doing; rather than doingD. doing; to doing50. It’s too hot today. Why not ____ your coat?A. taken offB. to take offC. take offD. taking off51. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _____.A. to repair bicyclesB. bicycles to be repairedC. bicycles being repairedD. repairing bicycles52. --- Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher?--- Yes. I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.A. to change; to beB. to change; beingC. changing; beingD. changing; to be53. The dog, _____, will be made a good watchdog.A. to train properlyB. being trained properlyC. properly to trainD. trained properly54. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A. Having stolenB. Having been stolenC. StolenD. Stealing55. ___ the front door ___, he had to enter the room through the back door.A. Seen; paintedB. Seeing; paintedC. Being seen; being paintedD. Seeing; being painted56. And there, almost _____ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.A. having lostB. losingC. to be lostD. lost57. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting58. To answer correctly is more important than _____.A. that you finish quicklyB. finishing quicklyC. to finish quicklyD. finish quickly59. The old farmer, _____ the badly injured and burnt soldier, came out of the burning farmhouse, calling continuously for help.A. supportingB. having supportedC. being supported byD. being supported60. In January , 2004, the United States successfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, _____ a new milestone in the history of mankind.A. it markedB. markingC. markedD. to mark61. It was getting dark; I found a car _____ in a pool by the side of the road.A. to be stuckB. stuckC. stickingD. stick62. You can’t imagine what great trouble they have _____ the problem _____.A. to solve; being talked aboutB. solving; discussingC. to solve; to talk aboutD. solving; being discussed63. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river.A. to have discoveredB. to have been discoveredC. to discoverD. having been discovered64. The thief fell to the ground, his left foot _____ and blood _____ down from his mouth.A. breaking; runningB. broken; runningC. breaking; runD. broken; run65. The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes _____ on the screen.A. to fixB. to be fixedC. fixedD. fixing66. As I will be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate _____ from you now and then so that I can know how everyone is getting along.A. having heardB. to hearC. hearingD. being heard67. _____, the subject was always in my mind.A. Walking or sleepingB. Walking or sleptC. Having walked or sleptD. To walk and sleep68. --- Did you get a dictionary?--- No, I _____, but there were not any _____.A. tried; to be leftB. had tried to; leavingC. tried to; leftD. had tried; have left69. When he came to, he found himself _____ on a chair, with his hands _____ back.A. to sit; tyingB. sitting; tyingC. seating; tiedD. seated; tied70. The joke told by Tom made us _____, so the teacher couldn’t make himself _____.A. to laugh; hearingB. laughing; heardC. laughing; hearD. laughed; heard71. All of the flowers now _____ here have developed from those once _____ in the forest.A. raised; grownB. rising; growingC. raised; growingD. rising; grown72. Henry can’t attend the party _____ at Tom’s house at present because he is preparing the speech at the party _____ at Marie’s house tomorrow.A. held; being heldB. to be held; to be heldC. to be held; heldD. being held; to be held73. Seeing the soldiers well _____ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.A. prepareB. preparingC. preparedD. having prepared74. Don’t worry. I’ll have it _____ and get someone _____ it to you tomorrow.A. typed; sendB. to type; to sendC. type; sendD. typed; to send75. The sun was shining brightly, _____ everything there _____ more beautiful.A. making; lookB. to make; lookedC. and made; lookingD. and making; be looked76. How could he get the plan _____ without any one to support him?A. to carry outB. carry outC. carrying outD. carried out77. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _____.A. being fully acceptingB. fully acceptingC. having fully acceptedD. fully accepted78. Having passed all the tests, she felt a great weight _____ off her mind.A. takingB. takenC. takeD. to be taken79. I’m examining the article he has just finished _____ the possible mistakes in it.A. being correctedB. to correctC. correctedD. having corrected80. _____ full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.A. We did not makeB. Having not madeC. We had not madeD. Not having made81. We should prevent such a silly mistake _____ again.A. occurringB. to occurC. to be occurredD. from being occurred82. I regret _____ hard at school, or I would have succeeded in passing the exam.A. not to workB. having not workedC. to have not workedD. not having worked83. They looked forward with hope _____ a chance to receive further education.A. for gettingB. of gettingC. to getD. to getting84. “Well, I’ll tell you a secret ...” said the boy, with his mouth almost _____ my ear.A. touchedB. touchingC. touchD. to touch85. Towards evening, the patient opened his mouth as if _____ something to his son.A. saidB. sayC. to sayD. to have said86. --- Would you be _____ lend me your bicycle?--- Sure.A. so kind as toB. kind enough as toC. very kind toD. so kind to87. The beach is so beautiful that it is worthwhile, I think, _____ for a short holiday.A. of goingB. to be goingC. your goingD. you to go88. The teacher asked more _____ to prevent the students’ eyes from being injured.A. to doB. doneC. to be doneD. being done89. Some of the schools in Shanghai have moved one step closer to _____ with the global education community.A. being connectedB. connectC. having connectedD. be connected90. The performance of the host, _____ to please the audience and draw their attention, was greeted with a cold silence, however.A. had intendedB. intendedC. being intendedD. to intend91. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.A. Tiring; to admireB. Being tired; admiringC. Tired; to admireD. Tired; admiring92. The 18-storeyed building, when _____, will shut out the sun _____ up the roomsin my house.A. completed; lightedB. completing; lightingC. completing; lightedD. completed; lighting93. --- I hear Warren _____ in a middle school.--- What? I can’t imagine him _____ as a teacher.A. teaches; workingB. teaches; workC. teach; to workD. teach; working94. ____ he’s only been learning English for a year, he speaks it very well.A. ConsideredB. ConsideringC. Having consideredD. To consider95. It was _____ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.A. to have playedB. playingC. playedD. having played96. At no time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, for she is always too busy _____ a good rest.A. to takeB. takingC. tookD. taken97. _____ as the most excellent student in her university, as most classmates had expected, made her parents very happy.A. Mary was chosenB. Mary chosenC. Mary being chosenD. Mary’s being chosen98. _____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ to death.A. Seeing; frightenedB. Seeing; frighteningC. Seen; frightenD. To see; frightening99. You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go.A. to be advertisedB. advertisedC. advertiseD. advertising100. Mr. Green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.A. to doB. to have doneC. to be doingD. to have been doing101． The weather ___ fine, they decided to go out for a walk.A. wereB. wasC. isD. being102.The composition given by the teacher___ , Alice went to watch TV.A. being done wellB. has been done wellC. having done wellD. done well103. The last plane___ , they had to stay in the hotel for another night.A. leftB. having leftC. having been leftD. be leaving104. It is a beautiful village with a mountain____ it.A. SurroundedB. surroundingC. havingsurrounded D. having been surrounded105. Everything___ into consideration, his work is well done.A. takingB. takenC. has been takenD. being taken106. All his work___, he left his office at ease.A. finishedB. had been finishedC. finishingD. to finish107． The power station was built on the river with our village and some others ___ with electricity.A. to supplyB. suppliedC. supplyingD. having supplied108. ____five minutes____ before the last train left, we arrived at the station.A. There being; to goB. It was; leftC. It had; leftD. There was; to go109. Christmas____, the family was full of excitement.A. was then only days awayB. were then only days awayC. then only days awayD. having been then only days away110. They first reach an agreement on the basic principle, the details____laterA. to work it outB. having been worked outC. to be worked outD. being worked out111. The purse_____, they went to the police.A. not yet foundB. hasn’t been foundC. being not foundD. not having yet found112. They sat in the room with the curtains_____.学而思教育·学习改变命运思考成就未来！高考网A. drawingB. having been drawnC. drawnD. being drawn113. Cars_____, they were punished by the police.A. parking illegallyB. parked illegallyC. being parked illegallyD. having parked illegally114. Mr. Smith stood beside the window, his attention ____ the car outside. A. focus on B. focusing upon C. focused on D. been focused on115. There____, we left.A. being nothing else to doB. is nothing else to doC. was nothing else to doD. having nothing else to do参考答案1--5 BCABB 6--0 BCCCC 11--15 DCBAA 16—20 CDABB 21—25 CDCBB 26—30 CCDBB 31—35 CABBA 36—40BADBB 41—45 CCCCD 46—50CCADC 51-55 CDDAD 56-60 DDCAB61-65 BDABC 66-70 CACDB 71-75 CDCDA 76-80 DDBBD 81-85 ADDBC 86-90 ACCAB 91-95 CDABB 96-100 ADABB 101-105 DDBBB 106-110 ABACC 111-115 ACBCA11。