2013职称英语_基础班_语法详解课程讲义

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职称英语讲义5

第３课主谓宾及时态构成（1）★本课要点：1、【主谓宾结构】主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般为名词.代词谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征宾语表示动作行为的对象●We like English. 我们喜欢英语主谓宾●I love you. 我爱你主谓宾●The students study Chinese. 学生们学习汉语主谓宾●The boys play football. 男孩们踢足球主谓宾2、【主谓宾的时态构成】提示Do 用于第一、第二人称单数和复数，第三人称的复数。

I, you, we, theyDoes用于第三人称单数，he，she，itDid用于第一、第二、第三人称都可以，I, you, he, she, it, we, theyDo/Does/Did可以理解为“做“意思，是动作的泛指，在句中会变为其它动词。

●I /you/we/they do the housework after school every day.每天放学后做家务●He/she does the homework every night.每天晚上做作业●I, you, he, she, it, we, they did the homework yesterday.昨天做作业3、【一般现在时态的基本用法】1、表示客观事实和普遍真理●The earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳运行。

●Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海在中国的东部。

2、表示目前的情况反复发生，习惯性的动作。

也可用于名言警句。

常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

如“sometimes有时, often经常, always总是, usually通常, seldom很少,never不，从不”这些副词通常放在主语和动词之间。

● He seldom leaves home for school before 8.他很少8点前离开家去学校。

职称英语--基础精讲班--语法词汇讲义[完整].

职称英语基础班语法词汇主讲：周洁欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材教材说明：本word讲义跟老师声音顺序完全配套参考教材蓝皮书：《全国职称英语考试历年真题与模拟试题汇编》经济科学出版社（2007年4月）语法词汇一、单项填空Practice 11．What's this ________ English? It's key.A withB inC forwith本身代表伴随状况，for本身的意思表示为了，但在职称当中往往结合一个时态来考。

当for和完成时态一起考时，会出现主语+have/has+done会出现两种情况：一种为since，另一种为for。

如果要是since首先要跟过去的时间点，第二要跟过去时的句子。

而for要求加一段时间。

例句：I have studied English since twothousand。

I have studied English since I was a child。

I have studied English for five years。

2．Don't be hard ________ that poor girl.A onB toC forbe hard on 对谁严厉，对谁无情3．Mary is ________ a visit ________ China.A on…atB on…inC on…to如果要指代地点的时候，一般at要跟的地点为小地点，in 要跟的地点为大地点。

如果要加时间的时候，in要加一段时间，at加短暂的一段时间或时间点。

4．The teacher asked ________ you made her a small desk.A ifB thatC soso +形容词/副词（一般为that表示如此…以至于）他学习很努力，以至于考试通过了。

He studied so hard that he past the exam。

职称英语--基础班讲义

第一部分词汇选项综合类2003年——综合A1、The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather．A jumpsB risesC fallsD changes2、Did you do that to irritate her?A teaseB attractC annoyD protect3、Mary looked pale and weary．【频率4次】A illB tiredC worriedD peaceful4 、The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水)．A pollutedB downgradedC mixedD blackened5 、Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive．A very boringB very thoroughC very interestingD very touching6 、Alice is a fascinating girl．A a beautifulB a prettyC an attractiveD a pleasant7 、Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents.A displayedB shownC provedD assessed8 、The old lady let her flat to an English couple.A offeredB rentedC providedD sold9 、She stood there crying and trembling with fear．A shakingB staggeringC strugglingD murmuring10 、They strolled around the lake for an hour or so．A ranB rolledC walkedD raced11 、The conclusion can be deduced from the premises．【频率2次】A arguedB derivedC permittedD come12 、I can no longer tolerate his actions. 【频率3次】A put up withB acceptC takeD suffer from13 、Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments.A askB persuadeC assignD order14 、She has been the subject of massive media coverage.A extensiveB negativeC responsiveD explosive15 、I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs．A supplyB reachC provideD meet2003年——综合B1、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. 【频率6次】A forceB influenceC surpriseD power2、Can you follow the plot? 【频率6次】A changeB investigateC writeD understand3、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. 【频率6次】A physicalB mentalC naturalD hard4、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. 【频率6次】A resultB judgmentC decisionD event5 、Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions. 频率6次】A statementsB beliefsC suggestionsD claims6、Up to now, the work has been easy. 【频率3次】A SoB So longC So thatD So far7、The report advocated setting up day training colleges. 【频率3次】A supposedB excitedC suggestedD discussed8 、Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed. 【频率3次】A ThereforeB AfterwardsC HoweverD Furthermore9 、The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking. 【频率3次】A viewB sightC lookD point10、Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. 【频率5次】A tenselyB nearlyC carefullyD closely11、The union representative put across her argument very effectively. 【频率5次】A explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted12 、He talks tough but has a tender heart. 【频率5次】A heavyB strongC kindD wild13 、It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. 【频率5次】A makingB takingC discussingD expecting14、Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. 【频率5次】A wasteB buyC useD sell15、The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. 【频率5次】A functionB abilityC powerD volume2003年——综合C1、 I am not certain whether he will come. 【频率3次】A determinedB sureC sorryD glad2、【频率3次】A noticedB heardC realizedD got3、Please do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance. 【频率3次】A contactB seeC helpD touch4、【频率3次】A In other wordsB That is to sayC In a wordD To be frank5、He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct. 【频率3次】A styleB behaviorC modeD attitude6、I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. 【频率3次】A makingB keepingC changingD implementing7、Mr.Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke. 【频率3次】A readilyB casuallyC obviouslyD simply8、We all think that Mary’s husband is a very boring person. 【频率3次】A shyB stupidC dullD selfish9、The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. 【频率3次】A promoteB paintC produceD polish10、They only have a limited amount of time to get their points across. 【频率3次】A largeB totalC smallD similar11、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. 【频率6次】A forceB influenceC surpriseD power12、Can you follow the plot? 【频率6次】1A changeB investigateC writeD understand13、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. 【频率6次】A physicalB mentalC naturalD hard14、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. 【频率6次】A resultB judgmentC decisionD event15、Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions. 【频率6次】A statementsB beliefsC suggestionsD claims2004年——综合A1、Mary has blended the ingredients．【频率4次】A mixedB madeC cookedD eaten2、They agreed to modify their policy．【频率4次】A clarifyB changeC defineD develop3、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. 【频率6次】A playB sendC showD tell4、A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff several times a week. 【频率2次】A practicallyB considerablyC remarkablyD completely5、The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. 【频率6次】A take outB repairC push inD dig6、It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow．A ridiculousB funnyC oddD foolish7、A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water. 【频率3次】A muddiedB pollutedC mixedD troubled8、The room is dim and quiet．A tinyB pleasantC darkD agreeable9、The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity. 【频率6次】A measureB opinionC evaluationD decision10、It’s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first．A workableB sensibleC possibleD feasible11、He is renowned for his skill.A rememberedB praisedC recommendedD well-known12、You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position．【频率3次】A maintainB establishC acquireD support13、She stood there, trembling with fear. 【频率3次】A jumpingB cryingC swayingD shaking14、Medical facilities are being upgraded．【频率3次】A renewedB repairedC improvedD increased15、Mary looked pale and weary．【频率4次】A gloomyB uglyC sillyD exhausted2004年——综合B1、Have you talked to her lately? 【频率6次】A lastlyB finallyC shortlyD recently2 、While we don’t agree，we continue to be friends. 【频率6次】A BecauseB WhereC AlthoughD Whatever 23、In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently．A thoughtB accountC mindD brain 【频率2次】4、You must shine your shoes．【频率2次】A polishB clearC washD mend5、The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.【频率6次】A secretsB detailsC benefitsD words6、I’m content with the way the campaign has gone.A tiedB satisfiedC filledD concerned7、This table is strong and durable．【频率5次】A long-lastingB extensiveC far reachingD eternal8、He endured agonies before he finally expired．【频率5次】A firedB resignedC diedD retreated9、The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror. 【频率5次】A staringB laughingC shoutingD smiling10、For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate.A reallyB basicallyC fundamentallyD completely11、Mary has blended the ingredients．【频率4次】A mixedB madeC cookedD eaten12、They agreed to modify their policy．【频率4次】A clarifyB changeC defineD develop13、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．【频率6次】A playB sendC showD tell14、A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff sever al times a week．【频率2次】A practicallyB considerablyC remarkablyD fairly15、The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. 【频率6次】A take outB repairC push inD dig2004年——综合C1、We are sure that he will get over his illness．A certainB awareC happyD determined2、The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake.A in despairB in dangerC in miseryD in pain3、If headaches only occur at night，lack of fresh air is often the cause．【频率3次】A startB beginC happenD visit4、The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank．【频率3次】A sufferB acceptC receiveD support5、A small number of firms have ceased trading.A completedB finishedC fulfilledD stopped6、She was sent a box of chocolates along with a letter saying she was fired．A killedB shotC dismissedD murdered7、The mountains look glorious at sunrise．A invitingB magnificentC appealingD pleasing8、It seems highly unlikely that she will pass the exam．【频率3次】A veryB completelyC usuallyD mostly39、Their parents once lived under very severe conditions. 【频率3次】A soundB hardC strictD tight10、Michael is now merely a good friend．【频率3次】A largelyB barelyC justD rarely★11、Have you talked to her lately? 【频率6次】A lastlyB finallyC shortlyD recently★12、While we don’t agree，we continue to be friends．【频率6次】A BecauseB WhereC AlthoughD Whatever★13、In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently．A thoughtB accountC mindD brain 【频率6次】★14、You must shine your shoes．【频率2次】A polishB clearC washD mend★15、The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident．【频率6次】A secretsB detailsC benefitsD words2005年——综合A1、These are the motives for doing it. 【频率6次】A reasonsB excusesC answersD replies2、The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west【频率6次】A extendsB stretchesC broadensD bends3、Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics．【频率4次】A errorB puzzleC attractionD contradiction4、With immense relief I stopped running. 【频率10次】A noB 1ittleC scarceD enormous5、A great deal has been done to remedy the situation . 【频率6次】A maintainB improveC preserveD protect6、John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. 【频率3次】A cooperatingB marryingC combiningD arguing7、He will consolidate his power．A strengthenB winC abandonD unite8、Many scientists have been probing psychological problems. 【频率3次】A solvingB exploringC settlingD handling9、Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habits．【频率3次】A removedB curedC treatedD lessened10、The conclusion can be deduced from the premises. 【频率2次】A goneB derivedC doneD come11、The food is insufficient for three people. 【频率3次】A scarceB shortC marginalD inadequate12、Most of the butterflies perish in the first frosts of autumn.A dieB disappearC migrateD vanish13、But ultimately he gave in．A undoubtedlyB certainlyC finallyD necessarily14、It is a complicated problem．A strangeB complexC difficultD unusual415、In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management. 【频率3次】A evaluationB productionC efficiencyD publicity2005年——综合B1、It is obvious that he will win the game．【频率6次】A likelyB possibleC clearD probable2、The earth moves around the sun．【频率3次】A beforeB roundC afterD over3、Did anyone call when l was out? 【频率3次】A everyoneB someoneC nobodyD anybody4、It took us a long time to mend the house．【频率6次】A buildB destroyC designD repair5、I don’t quite follow what she is saying．【频率6次】A observeB understandC explainD describe6、We can no longer tolerate his actions．【频率3次】A put up withB acceptC takeD receive7、Loud noises can be irritating．【频率3次】A hatefulB painfulC stimulatingD annoying8、In the background was that eternal hum. 【频率2次】A longB never-endingC boringD extensive9、The Constitution’s vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.A impreciseB apparentC clearD easy 【频率2次】10、Gambling is lawful in Nevada．【频率3次】A enjoyableB irresistibleC legalD profitable★11、These are the motives for doing it. 【频率6次】A reasonsB excusesC answersD replies★12、The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. 【频率6次】A extendsB stretchesC broadensD bends★13、Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics．【频率4次】A errorB puzzleC attractionD contradiction★14、With immense relief I stopped running．【频率10次】A noB littleC scarceD enormous★15、A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. 【频率6次】A maintainB improveC preserveD protect2005年——综合C1、She is sick．【频率3次】A fatB weakC illD mad2、Mary is looking for the book she lost yesterday.A trying to findB looking upC looking atD finding3、I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a carA normallyB seldomC frequentlyD usually4、He is a physicianA researcherB professorC doctorD student5、An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service，a branch of theDepartment of State．5A treeB divisionC rootD leaf6、Mary gets up at six o’clock every morning．A risesB standsC arrivesD comes7、Although I sympathize．I can’t really do very much to help.A BecauseB SinceC ThoughD For8、Mary has made up her mind not to go to the meeting.A triedB promisedC decidedD attempted9、I remember lots of thingsA muchB largeC bigD many10、She will be pleased to meet you．【频率3次】A angryB happyC sadD unwilling★11、It is obvious that he will win the game．【频率6次】A likelyB possibleC clearD probable★12、The earth moves around the sun．【频率3次】A beforeB roundC afterD over★13、Did anyone call when I was out? 【频率3次】A everyoneB someoneC nobodyD anybody★14、It took us along time to mend the house. 【频率6次】A buildB destroyC designD repair★15、I don’t quite follow what she is saying．【频率6次】A observeB understandC explainD describe 2006年——综合A1、She was a puzzle. 【频率6次】A girlB womanC mysteryD problem2、Her speciality is heart surgery. 【频率6次】A regionB siteC platformD field3、France has kept intimate links with its former African territories. 【频率6次】A privateB friendlyC strongD secret4、You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. 【频率6次】A mixedB spreadC beatenD covered5、The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. 【频率6次】A destroyedB brokeC changedD smashed6、Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first. 【频率3次】A postedB sentC handedD given7、The change in that village was miraculous. 【频率3次】A amazingB conservativeC insignificantD unforgettable8、Customers often defer payment for as long as possible. 【频率3次】A makeB demandC obtainD postpone9、Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year. 【频率3次】A removeB banC eliminateD expel10、She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset. 【频率3次】A declaresB assertsC announcesD describes11、From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous. 【频率3次】6A point of viewB fieldC knowledgeD information12、The latest census is encouraging. 【频率3次】A statementB assessmentC countD evaluation13、The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. 【频率3次】A differentB proudC unconsciousD uncomfortable14、Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it. 【频率3次】A ableB fortunateC competentD qualified15、He was elevated to the post of prime minister. 【频率3次】A promotedB pulledC liftedD treated2006年——综合B1、She was close to success. 【频率6次】A fastB quickC nearD tight2、The two girls look alike. 【频率6次】A beautifulB similarC prettyD attractive3、The boy is intelligent. 【频率6次】A cleverB naughtyC difficultD active4、Everybody was glad to see Mary back . 【频率6次】A sorryB sadC angryD happy5、What is your goal in life? 【频率6次】A planB aimC arrangementD idea6、Jack is a diligent student. 【频率4次】A hardworkingB ambitiousC lazyD slow7、Mary said mildly, that she was just curious. 【频率3次】A gentlyB shylyC weaklyD wildly8、Practically all animals communicate through sounds. 【频率3次】A ClearlyB AlmostC AbsolutelyD Basically9、The story was very touching. 【频率3次】A inspiringB boringC movingD absorbing10、I wasn't qualified for the job really, but I got it anyhow. 【频率3次】A somehowB anywayC anywhereD somewhere★11、She was a puzzle. 【频率6次】A girlB womanC problemD mystery★12、Her speciality is heart surgery. 【频率6次】A regionB siteC fieldD platform★13、France has kept intimate links with its former African territories. 【频率6次】A friendlyB privateC strongD secret★14、You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. 【频率6次】A spreadB mixedC beatenD covered★15、The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. 【频率6次】A destroyedB brokeC smashedD changed2006年——综合C★1、She was close to success. 【频率6次】A fastB quickC nearD tight7★2、The two girls look alike. 【频率6次】A beautifulB similarC prettyD attractive★3、The boy is intelligent. 【频率6次】A cleverB naughtyC difficultD active★4、Everybody was glad to see Mary back. 【频率6次】A sorryB sadC angryD happy★5、What is your goal life? 【频率6次】A planB aimC arrangementD idea6、Jack was dismissed. 【频率3次】A firedB finedC exhaustedD criticized7、John is crazy about pop music. 【频率3次】A sorryB madC concernedD worried8、It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull. 【频率3次】A frightensB scaresC arousesD confuses★9、It is highly unlikely that she will arrive today. 【频率3次】A probablyB veryC hardlyD possibly10、I am feeling a lot more healthy than I was. 【频率3次】A manyB noC muchD some11、Since ancient times people have found various ways to preserve meat. 【频率3次】A eatB cookC freezeD keep12、We packed up the things we had accumulated (积累) over the last three years and left.【频率3次】A lateB recentC pastD final13、The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning. 【频率3次】A bottom of the mountainB foot of the mountainC top of the mountainD starting point14、There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record ofperformance.A beatsB destroysC maintainsD defends 【频率4次】15、The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close. 【频率4次】A statedB saidC suggestedD announced2007年——综合A1、The news will horrify everyone. 【频率6次】A. attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite2、The article sketched the major events of the decade. 【频率6次】A.describedB.offeredC.outlinedD.presented3、I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior. 【频率6次】A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take4、Their style of playing football is utterly different. 【频率6次】A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardlyD.totally5、Her sister urged her to apply for the job. 【频率6次】A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised6、Even sensible men do absurd things. 【频率3次】A.unusualB.ridiculousC.specialD.typical87、She bumped into her boyfriend in town this morning. 【频率3次】A.walkedB.cameC.fledD.ran8、This sort of thing is bound to happen. 【频率3次】A.sureB.quickC.fastD.swift9、At the age of 30, Hersey suddenly became a celebrity. 【频率3次】A.bossB.managerC.starD.dictator10、He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one. 【频率3次】A.judgeB.assessC.distinguishD.recognize11、They are concerned for the fate of the forest and the Indians who dwell in it. 【频率3次】A.liveB.sleepC.hideD.gather★12、The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity. 【频率6次】A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner13、The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high. 【频率3次】A.old-fashionedB.traditionalC.conventionalD.balanced14、The food is inadequate for ten people. 【频率3次】A.demandedB.qualifiedC.insufficientD.required15、She persevered in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends. 【频率3次】A.persistedB.insistedC.resistedD.suggested2007年——综合B1、I have been trying to quit smoking. 【频率6次】A.give upB.pick upC.build upD.take up2、Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. 【频率6次】A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried3、The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. 【频率6次】A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic4、This is not typical of English,but is a feature of the Chinese language. 【频率6次】A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic5、It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job. 【频率6次】A.simplyB.almostC.totallypletely6、These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our fears. 【频率3次】A.stemB.relyC.developD.grow7、Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others. 【频率3次】A.easyB.possibleC.likelyD.difficult8、They have the capability to destroy the enemy in a few days. 【频率3次】A.possibilityB.necessityC.abilityD.probability9、We have never seen such gorgeous hills. 【频率3次】A.beautifulB.stretchingC.spreadingD.rolling10、The leaves have been swept into huge heaps. 【频率3次】A.loadsyersC.pyramidsD.piles★11、The news will horrify everyone. 【频率6次】A.attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite★12、The article sketched the major events of the decade. 【频率6次】A.describedB.offeredC.outlinedD.presented9★13、I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior. 【频率6次】A.bearB.receiveC.admitD.take★14、Their style of playing football is utterly different. 【频率6次】A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardlyD.totally★15、Her sister urged her to apply for the job. 【频率6次】A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised2007年——综合C1、At midnight,we were aroused by a knock at the door. 【频率3次】A.irritatedB.awakenedC.arisenD.annoyed2、She was awarded a prize for the film. 【频率3次】A.givenB.rewardedC.sentD.reminded3、Smoking will be banned in all public places here. 【频率3次】A.forbiddenB.allowedC.permittedD.promoted4、That guy is intelligent but a bit dull. 【频率3次】A.strangeB.specialC.quietD.boring★5、She is a highly successful teacher. 【频率3次】A.fairlyB.ratherC.veryD.moderately6、We should not sacrifice environmental protections to foster economic growth. 【频率3次】A.reduceB.promoteC.realizeD.give7、There is a growing gap between the rich and the poor. 【频率3次】A.conflictB.tensionC.gulfD.confrontation8、I am very grateful to you for your assistance. 【频率3次】A.helpfulB.hopefulC.pitifulD.thankful9、You will be meeting her presently. 【频率3次】A.shortlyB.currentlytelyD.probably10、Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years. 【频率3次】A.displayedB.shownC.changedD.demonstrated★11、I have been trying to quit smoking. 【频率6次】A.give upB.pick upC.build upD.take up★12、Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. 【频率6次】A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried★13、The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. 【频率6次】A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic★14、This is not typical of English,but is a feature of the Chinese language. 【频率6次】A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic★15、It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job. 【频率6次】A.simplyB.almostC.totallypletely2008年——综合A★1、With immense relief, I stopped running. 【频率10次】A someB enormousC littleD extensive2、The scientists began to accumulate data. 【频率6次】A collectB handleC analyzeD investigate3、Jack eventually overtook the last truck. 【频率6次】10A hitB passedC reachedD led4、Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 【频率6次】A possibleB profitableC easyD wise5、The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle. 【频率7次】A factB mysteryC statementD game6、That guy is really witty. 【频率3次】A smartB uglyC honorableD popular7、The world champion suffered a sensational defeat. 【频率3次】A reasonableB dramaticC humiliatingD horrifying8. It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job. 【频率3次】A preparedB trainedC qualifiedD guided9、This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the South. 【频率3次】A praisesB writesC imitatesD describes10、The meaning is still obscure. 【频率3次】A vagueB transparentC alienD significant11、Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies. 【频率3次】A destroyB decreaseC delayD pollute12、One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and Persia. 【频率3次】A assumesB expectsC predictsD considers13、It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules. 【频率3次】A rememberB followC understandD learn14、I hope that I didn’t do anything absurd last night. 【频率3次】A awkwardB strangeC stupidD awful15、There should be laws that prohibit smoking around children. 【频率3次】A forbidB advocateC inheritD withdraw2008年——综合B1、She found me very dull. 【频率5次】A. dirtyB. sleepyC. lazyD. boring2、The President made a brief visit to Beijing. 【频率5次】A. shortB. workingC. formalD. secret3、He was persuaded to give up the idea. 【频率5次】A. mentionB. acceptC. considerD. drop4、Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. 【频率6次】A. eatsB. drinkC. buysD. produces5、Mary just told us a very fascinating story. 【频率6次】A. strangeB. frighteningC. difficultD. interesting6、It's a gorgeous day anyway. 【频率3次】A. lovelyD. rainy7、A. generousB. humorousC. variedD. romantic8、Foreign military aid was prolonging the war. 【频率3次】A. broadeningB. worseningC. extendingD. accelerating9、She was unwilling to go but she had no choice 【频率3次】11。

石油人第五届(2013年)中石油职称英语网络培训《大纲语法》分词

14.分词一、分词的种类和形式分词由动词转为形容的词，和普通的形容词一样，可修饰名词。

修饰名词时一般放在名词之前，有些也可以放在名词之后。

分词当做形容词来用时，仍然带有动词的性质，所以必要时，可以带宾语或副词，此时只能放在所修饰的名词后面。

分词有现在分词和过去分词之分，现在分词又有主动式、一般被动式、完成主动式和完成被动式之分。

如下表：时态\语态主动被动一般式doing being done完成式having done having beendone否定形式Not+不定式Not+ 现在分词二、分词作定语1、分词前置例：We can see the rising sun.我们可以看到东升的旭日He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人2、分词后置有以下几种情况：i：分词词组;ii.个别分词如given，left；iii。

修饰不定代词something等例：There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里This is the question given. 这是所给的问题There is nothing interesting.没有有趣的东西3、过去分词作定语，与其修饰的词时被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。

例：Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. 应邀参加这个晚会的大多数人都是著名的科学家Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 应邀参加这个晚会的大多数艺术家来自南非。

4、现在分词作定语，与其修饰的词是主动关系，相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。

例：The basketball players dribbling the ball is Kevin Garnet.那个在运球的篮球运动员是凯文.加内特。

职称考试--基础精讲班--完形填空讲义[完整].

职称英语基础班完形填空主讲：新东方欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材教材说明：本word讲义跟老师声音顺序完全配套参考教材蓝皮书：《全国职称英语考试历年真题与模拟试题汇编》经济科学出版社（2007年4月）总体介绍该课目的是使大家知道该从哪些方面去准备职称考试。

职称考试的题目分布：第1部分：词汇选项，15道题，可查字典，不需要准备；第2部分：阅读判断，7道题，文章来自课外，另外一个老师来讲解；第3部分：概括大意与完成句子，8道题，文章来自课外，也需要另外一个老师来讲解；第4部分：阅读理解，3篇文章45分，2篇来自课外，1篇来自教材，一般能拿到40分；如果阅读理解能拿到40分左右，词汇选项通过查字典能得15分，加起来就是55分；可以在剩下的完形填空拿剩下的5分。

所以说，只要把阅读、完形和词汇选项做好，就能够及格了。

职称考试不是考查大家的英语水平，而是考查大家能否把东西记下来；所以，课上进行讲解，便于更好的记忆；课后要把答案一一熟悉。

完形填空的出题思路和难点难点一：词汇问题，考查的词汇量4000-6000；难点二：语法问题，可以简化成7个考点；难点三：文章的逻辑理解。

课后作业1.理解文章；2.记忆词汇；3.语法记忆。

现在要弄懂题库的文章。

今天先从语法开始，之后再弄词汇，会比较简单。

完形填空的七大考点介词1.什么是介词？如at，on，in等等2.介词什么时候用？动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后面可直接接一个名词，不及物动词在接名词的时候中间必须加一个介词。

所以，考介词就应当看前面的动词。

1. His findings are based ______ the number of people working in the hospitality industry in Britain.A. onB. inC. atD. of解法：考查介词，就查前面的动词答案：A平行结构1.什么是平行结构？and or butand,or,but这三个词构成的结构叫平行结构。

英语语法精讲

英语语法精讲（上）语法精讲班第1讲讲义概述一个句子的主要成分：主语+ 谓语+ 宾语词性和句子之前的关系：不可替代的关系，最为重要；巧学词性的方法：分类记忆，主次学习，考点学习；语法体系中，词性学习三部曲：一注意事项，二功能作用，三重点试题讲解；名词篇：一注意事项：1. 可数名词和不可数名词2. 单复数3. 集合名词；二功能作用：1.主语，宾语，表语，同位语2. 其他功能（专讲）三考题部分：改错题+ 选择题（高考题+四六级+考研英语题+托福题）In the United States , presidential elections are held once every four year .在美国，总统选举每四年一次。

The superintendent of women nurse for the Union Army during the Civil War Dorothea Dix .美国内战期间，为联邦军队服务的女护士主管人是多罗西亚，迪克斯。

Before the automobiles , the horse-drawn carriage was the primary mean of private transportation .在汽车诞生之前，马车是私人运输的基本手段。

In the Middle ages , taxes were paid with good rather than money .在中世纪，缴税用的是货物，而不是钱。

The diamond is the hardest substance in natures.钻石是自然界最硬的物质。

Sunlights cannot reach far beneath the ocean’s surface .阳光不能照射到海面之下很远的地方。

Mathematic and logic depend extensively on the deductive method of reasoning .数学和逻辑学广泛地依靠推理的演绎方法。

2013年职称英语考试综合类语法知识点

从一定意义上讲，英语语法就是动词的语法，因此，掌握动词的特性、变化、句型是学习英语语法的重中之重。

为了能更好地理解下面的讲课内容，首先要搞清动词的几个基本概念。

1）be 动词和do动词：be动词也称状态动词，用于说明状态或性质，主要用于构成英语的主系表句型；do动词也称为行为动词，分及物动词和不及物动词；2）及物动词和不及物动词：不及物动词后面不跟宾语, 也没有被动语态；及物动词后面一定要有宾语；3）双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）结构和复合宾语（宾语+ 宾语补足语）结构：比较下面两个句子：My mother made me a cake.（母亲给我做了块蛋糕。

）My father made me a doctor. （父亲把我培养成一名医生。

）第一句是双宾语结构，即My mother made a cake for me.第二句是复合宾语结构，其句法功能为：My father made me （to）be a doctor （I am a doctor）. 说明复合宾语结构中，宾语和宾语补足语之间有"主谓关系".4）情态动词：must, should, ought to, can, may, need, used to 等动词称为情态动词，有三大特征：A. 不受主语人称和数的影响，如：He may go now. / May I go now? 句中may的形式不变；B. 否定时在后面加not, 如：You ought not to have cheated her. C. 与另一动词连用，中间不用+ " to ", 如上举例。

请根据上述原则，（从语法角度）说出以下那种表达方式是对的：A. She needs to see a doctor.B. She doesn't need to see a doctor.C. Does she need to see a doctor?D. She needs not see a doctor.E. She needn't see a doctor.F. She doesn't need see a doctor.G. She needs see a doctor.从语法角度看，A、B、C、E是对的。

2013年职称英语第八次课讲义

第14课定语从句★本课要点1、【定语从句的定义】提示中国人的思维方式决定了汉语的语言结构，一句话中也不可能加过多的修饰成分。

句子往往是迂回着分段叙述的。

而英语的句子可以很长，因为英语把最重要的部分放在句首，然后用定语从句来修饰主句的名词。

2、【关系代词引导的定语从句】●He is the man（先行词）主系表定语从句——修饰man他=He is the man. The man wants to see you.●She is the teacher（先行词）主系表定语从句——修饰teacher她=She is the teacher. I saw the teacher yesterday.●He has a friend（先行词）主谓宾定语从句——修饰friend他有=He has a friend. His father is a doctor.●Do you like the book（先行词）主谓宾定语从句——修饰book你吗?●Football is a game（先行词）主系表定语从句——修饰game足球项游戏.●This is the phone(先行词)主系表定语从句——修饰phone这●He is主系表定语从句——修饰student他●He loves the girl whose thatwho 他爱上了一个女孩，这个女孩的妈妈是那个在打扫屋子的家庭主妇，这个屋子是她有钱的老公买的。

3、【关系副词引导的定语从句】●I still remember the day主谓宾定语从句——修饰day我依然个日子●Shanghai is the city主系表定语从句——修饰city上海●I don’t know the reason主谓宾定语从句——修饰reason我因●He was a productive writer他是一个多产的作家●Many teachers say difference in scores are due to the differentattitude许多教师声称不同的成同态度。

职称英语讲义4

第1课三种常用句型（简单句）★课程重点：1、【基础课与专业课的关系】基础课与专业课有着密不可分的关系，职称英语的考生往往都脱离英语学习很多年。

一部分同学早已步入中年，工作繁忙，家庭负担重，记忆力差。

但对于我们这群苦难大众来说，通过考试势在必行！如何能在短短几个月的时间里正确建立一套解题思路，达成通过的目的？我们的课不能帮您迅速提高英语水平，我们只教您如何花费最少的时间，顺利通过职称英语考试！那对于难度超过你实际水平如此多的试题，你该如何下手呢？先学习些最基本的英语知识，这些知识都是必须的。

它可以让你把复杂的问题简单化！●基础课——构建最有效的英语知识构架，掌握最常用的单词。

深入了解英语思维的本质，为专业课打好基础。

●专业课——利用基础课的知识，把一篇文章的意思浓缩到一句话，把一句话的意思再浓缩到几个单词。

在读不懂文章的情况下，迅速抓住文章的主题思想，为顺利解题开辟道路。

2、【学习常用句型的目的】三种常用句型虽然简单，但都是英语的核心句型。

所谓万丈高楼平地起，它们都是这座英语大厦中的一砖一瓦。

通过这三个句型学习，能更好地体会到英语的语序、表达原则及思维本质。

从而在日后学习中起到触类旁通，以点带面的效果。

3.【句型一：主语+谓语+宾语】主谓宾结构为一种文法的语序，即语法顺序为主语—谓语—宾语的结构，像英文的"I eat apples"就是一个例子，在此范例中“I我”为主语，“eat吃”为动词（谓语），“apples苹果”为宾语。

汉语也是以主谓宾结构表达。

“我爱你”这三个字，“我”是主语，“爱”是谓语，“你”就是宾语。

此句型无论在汉语或英语中都极为常见，两种语言的表达语序也基本一致。

4.【句型二：主语+系动词+表语】主系表结构中主语是一句话的中心，表示所说的是谁或是什么，其位置一般放在句首。

系动词有很多，但对于考试意义最大的是“is”这个词。

很多同学都会误以为“is”只有“是”的意思，其实不尽然。

2013职称英语考试大纲全部词汇(含音标)1教材

2013年职称英语考试大纲词汇表（带音标）本表收单词约6000个。

其中C级要求的词汇是4000个；B级要求的词汇是在C级的基础上累加1000个(标有*符号)，共有5000个；A级词汇是在B级的基础上累加1000个(标有+符号)，共有6000个。

此外，词汇表也收入常用词组约800个。

Aa anart．1．一(个)2．每一(个)3．(同类事物中的)任何一个abandon ə'bændənvt．放弃，遗弃，丢弃abbey 'æbin．1．修道院2．大教堂+abbreviation ə,bri:vi'eiʃənn．(用词首字母组成的)缩写ABCn．1．字母表2．基础知识，abdomen 'æbdəmenn．腹部abdominal æb'dɔminəladj．腹部的+aberration ,æbə'reiʃənn．失常(行为)+abide ə'baidvi．(by)遵守，坚持ability ə'bilitin．1．能力，本领2．(pl．)才能，才识able 'eibladj．1．有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事的2．有本事的，能干的be able to：能够，会*abnormal æb'nɔ:məladj．1．反常的，变态的2．不规则的aboard ə'bɔ:dadv．／prep．在船(车、飞行器)上，上船(车、飞行器)abolish ə'bɔliʃvt．废除，取消abortion ə'bɔ:ʃənn．流产，堕胎+aboriginal ,æbə'ridʒənəladj．土著的n．土著居民，土生动植物about ə'bautprep．1．在…周围2．关于，对于adv．1．附近，周围，到处2．大约above ə'bʌvprep．在…之上，高于above all：尤其是，最主要的是adj．上述的，上面的adv．1．在上面，往上2．更多abroad ə'brɔ:dadv．1．到国外，在海外2．遍布，到处+abrupt ə'brʌptadj．1．突然的2．粗鲁的，(态度)生硬的absence 'æbsnsn．1．缺席2．缺乏，缺少absent 'æbsəntadj．1．缺席的2．缺乏的3．不在意的，茫然的be absent from：缺席accommodate ə'kɔmədeit vt．1．为…提供住宿2．容纳，接纳3．使适应，调节accommodation ə,kɔmə'deiʃn n．1．膳宿供应2．(pl．)提供便利的设备(或用具)3．适应，调节accompany ə'kʌmpənivt．1．陪伴，陪同2．为…伴奏accomplish ə'kɔmpliʃvt．完成，实现，成就accordance ə'kɔ:dənsn．一致，相符in accordance with：依照，依据，与...一致according toprep．按照，根据*accordingly ə'kɔ:diŋliadv．1．依照2．由此，于是3．相应地account ə'kauntvi．说明(理由等)account for：说明，解释(原因等) n．1．陈述，说明2．账户，(pl．)账目3．原因，理由On account of：基于，由于On all accounts：无论如何on no account：决不take into account：考虑，重视accountant ə'kauntəntn．会计，出纳*accumulate ə'kju:mjuleitvt．积累，积聚vi．堆积，积累accurate 'ækjuritadj．准确的，精确的accusation ,ækju'zeiʃənn．告发，控告accuse ə'kju:zvt．1．指责2．控告accuse of指责某人，控告某人accustom ə'kʌstəmvt．使习惯be accustomed to：习惯于ace eisn．1．“A”牌2．能手，专家3．发球得分absolute 'æbsəlu:tadj．1．绝对的，完全的2．确实的，肯定的absorb əb'sɔ:bvt．1．吸收2．使全神贯注abstract 'æbstræktadj．抽象的，不具体的n．摘要，提要+absurd əb'sə:dadj．荒谬的，荒唐可笑的*abundant ə'bʌndəntadj．丰富的，充裕的*abuse ə'bju:zvt.／n．1．滥用，妄用2．辱骂．诬蔑academic ,ækə'demikadj．1．学术的2．学院的3．学究的academy ə'kædəmin．1．(高等)院校，研究院2．学会，协会*accelerate æk'seləreitvt．1．加速2．促进vi．增加速度accent 'æksəntn．1．口音2．重音accept ək'septvt．1．接受，领受2．认可，同意vi．同意，认可acceptable ək'septəbladj．1．可接受的2．合意的，受欢迎的acceptance ək'septənsn．1．接受2．承认，认可access 'æksesn．1．接近，获得(机会等)2．人口，通道．have／gain access to：有(机会、手段、权力)得到／接近／进入*accessible æk'sesəbladj．可得到的，易接近的，可进入的+accessory æk'sesərin．附件，附属品adj．1．附属的2．同谋的accident 'æksidəntn．意外事件，事故by accident：意外地，偶然地ache eikvi．痛n．痛，疼痛achieve ə'tʃi:vvt．1．完成，实现2．(经过努力)获得，达到achievement ə'tʃi:vməntn．1．成就，成绩2．实现，达到acid 'æsidadj．酸的，酸性的n．酸acknowledge ək'nɔlidʒvt．1．承认2．感谢3．告知收到(信件等)*acquaint ə'kweintvt．使熟悉，使认识*acquaintance ə'kweintəns n．1．认识的人，熟人2．认识，了解acquire ə'kwaiəvt．1．获得，取得2．学到(知识等)，养成(习惯等) acquisition ,ækwi'ziʃənn. 获得(物)acre 'eikən．英亩across ə'krɔ:sprep．1．横过，穿过2．在…的对面3．交叉4．经过(一段时间) adv．1．横过，穿过2．在另一边act æktvi．1．行动，做2．起作用3．表演2．装作n．1．行为，行动2．法令，条例3．(戏剧的)一幕action 'ækʃənn．1．活动，行为2．作用*activate 'ækti,veitvt．1．使活动2．使激活，使活化active 'æktivadj．有活力的，积极的，主动的activist 'æktivistn．积极分子activity æk'tivitin．1．(pl．)活动，所做的事情2．活动性，活跃actor 'æktən. 1．演员，男演员2．行动者actress 'æktrisn．女演员actual 'æktjuəladj．事实上的，实际的actually 'æktjuəliadv．实际上acute ə'kju:tadj．1．(头脑或五官)灵敏的，敏锐的2．急性的A．D．公元adn．广告adapt ə'dæptvt．1．使适应，使适合2．改写，改编adapt．．．to：使适合，使适用add ædvi．1．增加2．加，相加add(up)to：累计为，总数达2．接着讲(或写)addict ə'diktvt．使成瘾，热衷于be addicted to：嗜好，爱好addiction ə'dikʃənn．沉溺，吸毒成瘾addition ə'diʃənn．1．加，加法2．附加部分，增加in addition to：除…之外，另外additional ə'diʃənəladj．附加的，另外的address ə'dresn．1．地址，住址2．讲话，演说vt．1．向…讲话2．写姓名地址adequate 'ædikwitadj．足够的，充分的+adhere əd'hiəvi．(to)1．粘着2．坚持，遵守3．依附，追随+adjacent ə'dʒeisnt adj．(to)1．(时间上)紧接着的2．邻近的，毗邻的adjoin ə'dʒɔinvt．贴近，与…毗邻adjust ə'dʒʌstvt．1．调整，调节2．校准，校对vi．1．调整，校准2．(to)适应于*administer əd'ministəvt．1．管理，支配2．实行，实施3．给予，用(药等) administration əd,mini'streiʃən n．1.管理，经营2．行政机关admire əd'maiəvt．羡慕，赞美，钦佩admission əd'miʃən2．入场费3．坦白，承认admit əd'mitvt．1．承认2．接纳，招收adolescence ,ædəu'lesns n．青春期，青少年+adolescent ,ædə'lesnt adj．青少年的，青春期的n．青少年adopt ə'dɔptvt．1．采用，采取(态度等) 2．选定(道路、职业等)3．收养adult ə'dʌltadj．成年人的，已成熟的n．成年人advance əd'vɑ:ns vt．1．促进，推进2．提升，提高3．提出vi．前进，进展n．1．发展，前进2．预付款项3．增长，抬高in advance：预先，在前面advantage əd'vɑ:ntidʒn．1．优势，优点2．利益，好处take advantage of：利用，趁机+advent 'ædvəntn．出现，到来adventure əd'ventʃən．1．冒险活动2．奇遇+adverse 'ædvə:s]adj．不利的，有害的*advert əd'və:tn．广告*advertise 'ædvətaizvi．登广告，做广告2．通知advertisement əd'və:tisməntn．1．广告2．做广告，登广告advice əd'vaisn．忠告，劝告*advisable əd'vaizəbladj．明智的，可取的advise əd'vaizvt．1．劝告，建议2．通告，通知adviser əd'vaizən．劝告者，顾问*advocate 'ædvəkitvt．提倡，鼓吹n．提倡者，鼓吹者+aerial 'ɛəriəladj．1．空气的，大气的2．航空的n．天线+aerodynamics 'ɛərəudai'næmiksn．空气动力学affair ə'fɛən．1．事情，事件2．(pl．)事务，事态affect ə'fektvt．1．影响，作用2．感动3．(疾病)侵袭affection ə'fekʃənn．1．慈爱，爱，感情2．作用，影响+affirm ə'fə:mvt．1．断言，肯定2．批准，使生效+affluent 'æfluəntadj．富裕的afford ə'fɔ:dvt．1．担负得起，买得起，抽得出(时间等) 2．提供afraid ə'freidadj．1．害怕的，畏惧的2．恐怕的，担心的be afraid of：害怕Africa 'æfrikən．非洲African 'æfrikənadj．非洲(人)的n．非洲人after 'ɑ:ftəprep．在…以后，在…后面adv．以后，后来conj．在…以后afternoon 'ɑ:ftə'nu:nn．下午，午后afterward(s) 'ɑ:ftəwəd 'ɑ:ftəwədz adv．以后，后来again ə'genadv．1．再，又2．(回)到原处，恢复原状again and again：反复地now and again：不时地，常常地time and again：反复地，一次又一次地against ə'genstprep．1．逆，反(对)，违反2．紧靠着，倚在3．与…对照，对比age eidʒn．1．年龄2．时代v．(使)变老，(使)老化agency 'eidʒənsin．1．代理(权)，代办2．力量，(能动)作用3．机构agenda ədʒ'endən．议事日程，记事册agent 'eidʒəntn．代理人，经办人aggression ə'greʃənn．侵略，攻击aggressive ə'gresivadj．1．侵略的，侵犯的2．爱挑衅的，放肆的3．有进取心的，敢作敢为的ago ə'gəuadv．以前agony 'ægənin．(极度的)痛苦，创痛agree ə'grivi．1-赞同，答应2．适合，一致3．商定，约定agree on／upon：对…意见一致agree to：同意，答应agree with：赞同，适合*agreeable ə'gri:əbəl adj．1．令人愉快的2．(to)一致的，符合的agreement ə'gri:mənt n．1．协议，约定2．同意，达成协议agriculture 'ægrikʌltʃən．农业ahead ə'hedadv．在前，提前ahead of在…之前aid eidn．1．帮助，援助2．助手，辅助设备3．救护vt．1．帮助，援助2．急救aim eimn．1．目的，目标2．瞄准，针对vi．(at)1．目的在于，企图2．瞄准，对准vt．把…瞄准，把…对准air ɛən．1．大气，空气2．态度，神态by air：1．通过航空途径2．用无线电vt．通风aircraft 'ɛəkrɑ:ftn．飞机，飞艇，航空器airline 'ɛəlainn．1．(飞机的)航线2．航空公司airmail 'ɛəmeiln．航空邮件，航空邮政airplane (英：aeroplane) 'ɛəplein 'ɛərəplein n．飞机airport 'ɛəpɔ:tn．飞机场+aisle ailn．走廊，通道alarm ə'lɑ:mn．1．惊恐2．警报3．警报器vt．1．使…惊恐2．向…报警album 'ælbəmn．相片册，邮票簿alcohol 'ælkəhɔln．1．酒精，乙醇2．含酒精的饮料+alert ə'lə:tadj．1．机警的，警觉的2．机灵的，活泼的vt．使…警觉+alien 'eiljənadj．1．外国(人)的，异己的2．性质不同的n．外国人，外来人，外侨+alienate 'eiljəneitvt.1．使疏远，离间2．让渡(财产)所有权+align ə'lainvt．1．使成一线，校直2．结盟，合作3．调节，调准vi．1．成一线，排成一行2．(with)结盟alike ə'laikadj．相似的，相像的alive ə'laivadj．1．活着的，存在的2．有活力的，活泼的all ɔ:ladj．1．全部的，整个的2．非常的，极度的adv．完全地，十分地pron．全体，一切above all：首先，尤其是all over：到处，遍及in all：总计allege ə'ledʒvt．断言，声称allegation ,æli'geiʃən adj．断言，主张，见解alleged ə'ledʒdadj．被说成的，被指称的allegedly ə'ledʒidliadv．据说+alleviate ə'li:vieitvt．减轻，缓解，缓和*alley 'ælin．1．小巷，胡同2．小径，小路alliance ə'laiənsn．结盟，联盟，联姻allied ə'laidadj．联合的，同盟的，联姻的+allocate 'æləkeitvt．分配，分派，派给，拨给allow ə'lauvt．1．允许，准许2．承认3．给予vi．(for)考虑到，顾及+allowance ə'lauəns n．1．补贴，津贴2．允许，准许ally ə'lain．1．同盟者2．伙伴3．同类almost 'ɔ:lməustadv．几乎，差不多alone ə'ləunadj．1．单独的，孤独的2．唯一的adv．1．单独地，独自地2．只有，仅仅along ə'lɔŋprep．沿着all along：始终，一直adv．向前alongside ə'lɔŋ'said prep．1．在…旁边，沿着…的边2．和…在一起3．和…相比adv．在旁边，并排地aloud ə'laudadv．1．大声地2．响亮地*alphabet 'ælfəbitn．字母表already ɔ:l'rediadv．已经，早已also 'ɔ:lsəuadv．1．也，同样2．而且，还not only．．．but also．．．：不但…而且+altar 'ɔ:ltən．圣坛alter 'ɔ:ltəvt．1．改变，更改2．改做(衣服等)vi．改变，变化+alternate ɔ:l'tə:nitv．(使)交替，(使)轮流adj．1．交替的，轮流的2．间隔的3．候补的alternative ɔ:l'tə:nətiv adj．1．两者选一的2．交替的n．1．两者选一2．替换物3．交替although ɔ:l'ðəuconj．尽管，虽然altitude 'ælti,tju:dn．1．高度2．海拔3．(pl．)高处altogether ,ɔ:ltə'geðəadv．1．总共2．完全地3．总之alumin(i)um ə'lju:minəm ,ælju'miniəm n．铝always 'ɔ:lweizadv．1．总是，一向2．始终，永远*a．m.adv．上午，由午夜至中午amateur 'æmətə:adj．业余的n．业余爱好者amaze ə'meizvt．使惊讶，使吃惊amazing ə'meiziŋadj．令人惊讶的，令人吃惊的ambassador æm'bæsədən．大使，专使+ambiguous æm'bigjuəsadj．模棱两可的，有两种(或多种)解释的ambition æm'biʃənn．1．野心，雄心2．抱负，志向ambitious æm'biʃəsadj．1．有雄心的，有抱负的2．热望的ambulance 'æmbjulənsn．救护车(船、飞机等)amendment ə'mendməntn．1．改正，修正，改善2．修正案+amend ə'mendvt．修改，修订America ə'merikən．1．美洲2．美国American ə'merikənadj．1．美洲(人)的2．美国(人)的n．1．美洲人2．美国人amid ə'midprep．在…中，在…当中among(st) ə'mʌŋ ə'mʌŋstprep．在…之中，在…中间amount ə'mauntvi．(to)1．总汁2．等于n．1．数额，数量2．总和，总额+ample 'æmpladj．1．充分的，足够的2．大的，宽敞的amplify 'æmpli,faivt．1．扩大，加大2．引申，详述amuse ə'mju:zvt．1．逗乐，使开心2．给…提供娱乐+analog(ue) 'ænəlɔ:g 'ænəlɔg n．类似物，模拟*analogy ə'nælədʒin．1．类似，相似2．类比，类推analyse 'ænəlaizvt．分析，分解analysis ə'næləsisn．分析，分解in the final(last)analysis：归根结底+analyst 'ænəlistn．分析者，善于分析者，化验员+analytic(a1) ,ænə'litik ,ænə'litikl adj．分析的，分解的ancestor 'ænsistən．祖宗。

职称英语语法讲座

职称英语语法讲座第一讲词类、名词的数与格一、词类：英语中主要有：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连接词、冠词等。

对于初学者，必须搞清。

1、名词（包括代词和数词）：在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和另一名词的形容词。

2、动词：见第二讲3、形容词：可在句子中作表语、名词的定语注意：以下-ly结尾的词不是副词，是形容词： friendly （友好的） lovely（可爱的） deadly （致命的） costly（昂贵的） likely（可能的） lonely（孤独的） alone （单独的） lively（活泼的） ugly（丑陋的） kindly（和蔼的） manly（男子气的）等4、副词：主要用来说明动词、形容词和副词本身。

注意：除了in, up, down, on, inside, outside. 等只有一些表示方向和位置的副词外，副词不能作表语。

例如：Please help me water these flowers when I am out. （我不在时请帮我浇浇花。

）5、介词：又称前置词，即放在名词前面的"小词".注意：1）介词后面一定是个名词（除习惯外），例如不能说：because of ill，而应该为：because of illness；2）介词后面不能跟that从句，即只能跟名词或带-wh开头的从句，这是英语语法的一条重要规则，如不能说：He did not come to the party because of he was ill. 但可以是：She got angry because of what he said. （她因他的话而生气了。

）6、连接词：用来连接两个或两个以上词或句子的词。

注意：英语中一般不能同时使用两个连接词，如不能说：Although he is very rich, but he is not happy. （只要将although 或but去掉一个即可）关于连接词的使用，详见"第三讲：句子的连接"一节。

第三节课：职称英语讲义1

总体设计第二讲：英译汉英语与汉语的最大不同 1英语重结构，汉语重语义 2英语长句较多，汉语多短句 3英语被动语态较多，汉语较少见 4英语介词分工明显，汉语则很模糊 5英语规则多，汉语规则少Have how far, die how far. 有多远，死多远第一讲：英译汉In just a few years, many cities banned the parking of cars on side walks, created or renovated （修复）more parks, introduced a highly successful bus-base rapid transit system, built hundreds of kilometers of bicycle paths and pedestrian streets 步行街 , reduced rush hour traffic, planted more trees and involved 使（个人或团体）参与 local citizens directly in the improvement of their neighborhoods. 英文理解或翻译中可能遇到的障碍1从句（状语从句、定语从句、名词从句） 2句型、固定结构、典型句法 3后置定语 4一词多义5非字面意义现象一：从句的翻译方式-状语从句 1. 状语从句的理解方式 unit 1 （para.2, line3）Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses (the other is the fear of falling) and we never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise.巨大的噪音会引发我们本能的恐惧感（另一种是坠落时的恐惧）。

2013年职称英语_强化班_完形填空部分文章精讲讲义

目录前言 (3)第二部分完形填空 (5)综合类---C级 (5)A Life with Birds【有鸟陪伴的生活】 (5)A Lucky Break【幸运的骨折】 (5)Global Warming【全球变暖】 (7)A Success Story【一个成功的故事】 (8)Traffic in Our Cities【城市的交通】 (9)综合类----B级 (10)Teaching and Learning【教与学】 (10)The Difference between Man and Computer【人与电脑的区别】 (11)Look on The Bright Side【看光明的一面】 (12)The First Bicycle【第一辆自行车】 (12)Working Mothers【职业母亲】 (14)综合类---A级 (14)School Lunch【学校午餐】 (15)A Powerful Influence【强大的影响】 (15)The Old Gate【古老之门】 (16)Family History【家族史】 (17)Helen and Martin【海伦和马丁】 (18)理工类----C级 (20)Captain Cook Arrow Legend【库克船长弓箭的传说】 (20)Germs on Banknotes【纸币上的病菌】 (21)Wonder Webs【奇妙的网】 (22)A Biological Clock【生物钟】 (23)Car Thieves could Be Stopped Remotely【远程制止偷车贼】 (24)Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind【警报器救盲人】 (25)Animal's "Sixth Sense"【动物的“第六感”】 (26)Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights Loneliness【心灵鸡汤：爽心食品排解孤独感】 (27)Avalanche and Its Safety【雪崩和安全问题】 (28)An Intelligent Car【智能汽车】 (30)理工类---B级 (31)Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities【气候变化给不备城市带来重大风险】 (31)Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk【快餐加免费降胆固醇药物可以降低罹患心脏病的风险】 (32)理工类---A级 (32)Solar Power without Solar Cells【没有太阳能电池的太阳能】 (32)Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters【鲨鱼有益于地球水系】 (34)“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage【“液化”是日本地震破坏的关键】 (35)卫生类---C级 (37)Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found【找到速效治疗剂可以更好控制结核病】 (37)Diet, Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of Cancers【大约三分之一的癌症与饮食和酒精有关】 (38)One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live【一个让天花存在的好理由】 (40)Going on a diet【节食】 (41)Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence【男性也可能是家庭暴力的受害者】 (42)卫生类---B级 (44)Hospital Mistreatment【医院里的虐待】 (44)Exercise【体育运动】 (45)Many Women Who Beat Cancer Don't Change Habits【许多战胜癌症的妇女旧习未改】 (46)Old And Active【老而有用】 (47)Once-daily Pill Could Simplify HIV Treatment【一天服用一次的药丸可以简化HIV病毒治疗】 (48)卫生类---A级 (50)Dreams【梦之闲话】 (50)A health Profile【健康概貌】 (51)Migrant Workers【移民工人】 (52)Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack【科学家探索发现心脏病的方法】 (53)Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years【上世纪人类平均寿命的变化】 (54)完形填空参考答案 (56)前言λ职称英语等级考试介绍全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人力资源和社会保障部专业技术人员管理司组织实施的一项外语考试，它根据英语在不同专业领域活动的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和应用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别职称的专业技术人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。