春季教案高一第十讲过去分词作定语、表语
“过去分词”之作定语、表语、宾补
“过去分词”之作定语、表语、宾补[讲一讲]一、过去分词作定语时，常指已完成的动作且与所修饰词之间为被动关系。
一般来说,如果是单个的过去分词，则放在所修饰词前，若是一个过去分词短语，则放在所修饰词后。
二、过去分词作表语时，往往表示一种状态，而被动语态则表示一个动作。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语时，表示被动或完成，作宾补的过去分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
常见的可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有感官动词，使役动词以及leave, keep, want等。
另外，在with的复合结构中，也可以接过去分词。
如：With his homework finished, Peter went out to play football. 功课做完后，彼得出去踢足球了。
过去分词作宾补的特殊用法：have / get sth. done结构的三种意义：1. 使得某事被做（自己做）；2. 让/请别人做某事；3. 遭遇某种情况。
如：Look at your dirty clothes; you’d better get them washed.瞧你那脏衣服，你最好去洗洗。
（自己洗）I will have my long hair cut short tomorrow.我明天要去把我的长头发剪短。
（别人剪）I had my purse stolen on the bus.在公交车上，我的钱包让人给偷了。
（遭遇某种情况）[练一练]I. 翻译下列词组或句子。
1. 一个满意的微笑2. 惊恐的一瞥3. 一副惊讶的表情4. 你应该设法让人听懂你的话。
5. 他在百货大楼让人修好了电视机。
6. 我想让此事立刻得到解决。
II. 下面的补语都应该用过去分词来充当吗？请试试看！1. I’ll have my photo ______ (take) tomorrow.2. I want him ______ (finish) the homework in time.3. With his cell phone ______ (steal), the customer wanted to see the manager.4. The end of the story left me ______ (puzzle).5. I turned around because I heard someone ______ (speak) my hometown dialect. III. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
何韦(语法)过去分词作定语和表语
e.g.：How I regretted the hours
wasted in the woods!
e.g.： I like this kind of
wcleoathri．ng
clothes
made
of
e.g.：The books written by Mo Yan are popular．
e.hg.u：ndWreed’sllogfoyteoarvsisaitgtoh．e bridge built
She looked w_o_rr_ied.
IHaemw—ainstl_e—or_sets—itnedthinouthghetb. ook. The door remained l_oc_k_ed_.
• •
TThheeystgoortym—isa—erxrcieitdinfigv.eYyoeuaarsreage_xo_c. it_ed
一个受伤的手指 an injured finger 一枚破损的硬币 a broken coin 一支点燃的蜡烛 a lighted candle
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有 被动意义。
e.g. : spoken English英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的 不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
• We were __b_o_r_e_d_(bore) at the football V-ginagm作e. 表语修饰物，翻译为“令人感到---”
V-ed 作表语修饰人，翻译为“感到---”P(17)
1. As we joined the big crowd , I got _____ from my friends
过去分词做定表宾补
C to give
B given
D give
2. Did you attend the meeting _____ yesterday? A to be held
C held
B having been held
D being held
过去分词做表语
1. 过去分词作表语用时，总是放在系动 词如：be, appear, feel, remain, seem, look等之后，表明主语的状态。 All the doors are locked. 所有的门都 是锁着的。 He felt thoroughly broken down. 他觉 得身体彻底垮了。 The children looked puzzled. 孩子们 都像是迷惑不解。
4. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized 5. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _____ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 6. They use computers to keep the traffic _____ smoothly. A. being run B. run C. to run D. running
过去分词作定语和表语
如果遇到复杂的句子结构，可以先简化句子，找出主干部分，再逐步添加 其他成分。
THANKS
表示状态、性质或特征描述
状态描述
过去分词可以表示主语所处的 状态，如“The window is
broken.”（窗户破了。）中 的“broken”表示窗户的状态。
性质描述
过去分词可以描述主语的性质， 如“She is interested in
music.”（她对音乐感兴趣。） 中的“interested”表示她的 性质。
01
观察句子结构，确定过去分词 短语在句中的作用，是作为定 语还是表语。
02
如果是定语，需要判断其与所 修饰名词之间的关系，主动关 系用现在分词，被动关系用过 去分词。
03
如果是表语，需要注意与主语 的逻辑关系，以及时态和语态 的一致性。
技巧二：注意时态、语态和主谓一致问题
在使用过去分词作定语或表语时，需要注意句子的时态和语态，确保过去 分词的形式与句子的时态和语态相符。
在使用过去分词时，需要结合具体的语境进行判断。通过分析上下文语境和逻辑关系，可以更准 确地理解句子的意思并选择合适的表达方式。
06
实战演练与技巧分享
练习题：识别并改正错误使用过去分词现象
错题1
The book, written by a famous writer, are very popular.
05
常见误区及注意事项
混淆现在分词与过去分词形式
要点一
误将现在分词用作定语
现在分词具有主动意义，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动作 同时发生，而过去分词则表示被动或完成意义。因此，在 需要表示被动或完成意义时，应使用过去分词而非现在分 词。
过去分词作表语,定语,宾语补足语及状语
过去分词作表语，定语，宾语补足语及状语一．过去分词作表语1.表语：系动词后面的部分；e.g. He is a good student.That sounds good.2.过去分词作表语(1)用法：一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词+ 过去分词）e.g. No wonder he is excited!(2)可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted, disappointed,upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied3.用所给词的适当形式填空：(1) But he became ________(inspire)when he thought about helping ordinary people.(2) He got__________ (interest)in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.(3) Neither its cause, nor its cure was __________(understand).(4) He got ______________(blame) about losing the money.(5) The painter looked so _____(tire) after working for a whole day.(6) I was ___________ (disappoint)with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.(7) Everybody was _________(shock)to hear of the death of thefamous film star.(8) Everybody is really _______(excite) about the new Olympic stadiums.(9) His wound became _______ (infect)with a new virus.(10) They were ________(prepare) to accept my idea.(11) I’ll be _________(interest) to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks.(12) The mayor said that he was _______ (worry)about the _________(continue) rise of the water level in the river bed.(13) Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ (concern)with pop stars.(14) He was _________ (frighten)of going alone into the empty house.二．过分去分词作定语1 过去分词的形式: done2过去分词的用法：一般表示完成的、被动的动作。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。
高中英语新人教版精品教案《过去分词作定语和表语的用法》
过去分词作表语
1过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成系表结构，表示主语的性质、特征和状态。
可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：
deighted, dia
难点教学方法
1.通过图片直观观察过去分词作定语的用法
2.通过归纳总结让学生了解语法点
3.通过练习检测学生是否掌握微课内容
教学环节
教学过程
导入
通过观察五组图片，看看过去分词的位置有何不同
知识讲解
〔难点突破〕
过去分词作定语
1过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由及物动词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。
教师姓名
朱蕾
单位名称
库尔勒市第二中学
填写时间
学科
英语
年级/册
高二年级必修五
教材版本
人教新课标
课题名称
必修五第一单元语法过去分词作定语和表语的用法
难点名称
难点分析
从知识角度分析为什么难
学生将过去分词作定语和表语的用法容易混淆。
从学生角度分析为什么难
学生英语根底较为薄弱，逻辑思维较弱，理解语法较为困难。
ou fim tar
4 He got ________bame about oing the mone
小结
通过学习过去分词作定语和表语，使学生能更熟练地掌握英语的用法，灵活变换词汇和句式的用法，提高学生的学习积极性和成就感。
2单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。如：a coed door
过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语精讲
用心爱心专心1 过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过去分词：表示完成和被动的动作，具有形容词.副词的作用主要形式：done,have done, had done可作成分：定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语1.定语:表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,或指一个动作的完成。
1）单一过去分词做定语——被修饰的名词之前（除了不定代词something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody ，those...）E.g. It was the lost cat. =It was the cat which had lost. Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him. 2）过去分词短语作定语——被修饰的名词之后单个过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句E.g. E.g. People People People addicted addicted addicted to to to drugs drugs drugs are are are dangerous.=People dangerous.=People dangerous.=People who who who are are are addicted addicted addicted to to drugs are dangerous. This is a novel written by Luxun.=This is a novel which is written by Luxun. 【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。
过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。
过去分词用法总结
过去分词用法总结过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语1. 一般情况下，单个分词作前置定语，过去分词短语作后置定语。
如：a used car旧车，a playground built last year去年修建的一个操场。
2. 及物动词的过去分词表示“被动”和完成”。
Many people questioned refused to answer. 被问的许多人都拒绝回答。
Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title given to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. 五人获得了“中国绿色人物奖”，这是一个颁给对环保有贡献的普通人物的奖项。
3. 不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，只表示“完成”，不表示被动。
如：the risen sun已升起的太阳，fallen leaves落叶。
4. astonish, disappoint, encourage, excite, frighten, interest, move, please, puzzle, satisfy, surprise, tire等表示心理状态的动词的过去分词作定语，表示被修饰的词所具有的特征，意为“感到……的”。
（其现在分词表示所修饰的词本身所处的状态，意为“令人……的”）。
Mr. Smith, tired of the tiring speech, started to read a novel. 史米斯先生厌倦了乏味的演讲,开始读小说。
This is a boring lecture. 这是一个令人厌烦的报告。
The excited children couldn't go to sleep all night long.这些兴奋的孩子整个晚上无法入睡。
春季教案高一第十讲过去分词作定语、表语
第十讲过去分词作定语、表语和状语姓名：学校：年级：【学习目标】主要掌握动词-ed形式作定语、表语和状语。
【知识要点】一、作定语过去分词作定语时相当于一个定语从句，其被动和完成的含义可以在从句中表现出来，比定语从句更简洁。
在逻辑上，过去分词与被修饰的词之间是动宾关系。
1）．单个过去分词作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之前。
At that time“love”was a forbibben topic to be written or talked about .= At that time“love”was a topic that was forbidden to be written or talked about.那时，“爱情”是一个被禁止写作或谈论的话题。
2）.过去分词短语作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之后。
Her daughter, brought up by me(=who was brought up by me) has begun to work now.由我带大的她的女儿现在已经开始工作了。
3）.有些单个的过去分词，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，spoken(被说的)，written(被写的)，等，习惯上用作后置定语。
In many countries, words spoken are different from words written.在很多国家，口头用语与书面用语有区别。
注意：不及物动词的过去分词作定语时不表被动，只表主动和完成意义。
fallen leaves 落叶the gone days 逝去的时光the exploded bomb 已爆炸的炸弹4）. 现在分词作定语与过去分词作定语的区别1.现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作，变为从句时需要用进行时态；若表示经常性的动作或现在的状态，变为从句时用时态。
eg：The house standing (=that stands) at the of the street was built in 1982.在街道拐角处的房子建于1982年。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语
过去分词做定语和表语一、过去分词作定语★及物动词的过去分词作定语时，一般表被动的和完成的动作；而不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示完成的动作。
如：Joe always has milk and fried egg for breakfast.The path is covered by fallen leave.★单个的过去分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
如：You can use fresh or frozen fish.What is the language spoken in that country?＝What is the language that is spoken in that country? The play put on by the teacher was a big success.＝The play that had been put on by the teachers was a big success.put on上演注意：☆如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+ thing/body/one所构成的复合代词时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。
如：There isn't anything left in that desk.☆过去分词短语有时还可以用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号隔开。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train.＝Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train.【拓展】done, to be done和being done作定语的区别：它们都可作定语，表示被动意义，但时间含义上有所不同。
过去分词作定语和表语教学设计21
(1)例句①②④⑥⑦⑧中的过去分词(短语)作_____________。
(2)例句②④⑦⑧中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的_____________；例句①⑥中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的_____________。
(3)例句③⑤中的过去分词在句中作_____________。
⑦He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
⑧With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.
教材分析
本节课在整本教材中起着承上启下的作用，课文中的过去分词的用法，以及。
教学目标
知识目标：过去分词作表语、定语的用法及意义。
教学重难点
重点：过去分词作表语、定语。
难点：过去分词作表定语。
教学策略：
建议：
1、用PPT呈现多个句子，进行对比。
2、进行少量的句子练习，及对比和句子翻译。
教学过程与方法
教学环节
④From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.
⑤He was determined to find out why.
⑥He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
高中英语过去分词作表语和定语新人教必修PPT学习教案
之间存在着逻辑上的___被__动___关系，且表示该动作
_____已_经__完__成___。单个的过去分词作定语，通常置 于被修饰词的_____前__面__，而_____分__词__短__语___作定语 ，则需置于被修饰词之后。
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个别过去分词做前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。
[例3] NMET1998第23 题
Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour.
A. pay B. paying pay
C. paidD. to来自该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题 被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt,
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有的已成为固定搭配 ： be covered with be lost in thought be caught in the rain be separated from be interested in
被……覆盖 陷入沉思 被雨淋 从……分离 对…感兴趣
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3.作表语
关切的表情
the people concerned 有关人士
注意：过去分词、现在分词的被动语态和动词不
定式的被动语态作定语意义的不同。
Most of the guests invited to the party were her
classmates.
The shopping centre being built was designed by Mr.
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1、be 动词 2、表示变化的动词:become, get, turn, go, grow等 3、感官动词:look, feel, smell, taste, sound等 4、还有seem, appear, stay, keep, remain, turn out等
人教版高三英语一轮复习 过去分词做定语和表语 课件
Notice
一般来讲，及物动词的动词-ing形式修 饰事物，过去分词形式修饰人。
2）使用过去分词的场合
painted was painted
mailed was mailed
written was written
过去分词表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。
“be＋不及物动词”的过去分词，一 般是系表结构，而不是被动语态。
arrived
到了的
gone
过去的，消失的
learned
有学问的
retired
退休的
educated
受过教育的
astonished
感到吃惊的
come
来了
excited
兴奋的
known
著名的
fallen
落下的
interested
感兴趣的
过去分词做定语和表语
1、过去分词做定语
1）分词做定语的位置
当单个过去分词做定语时，一般位于所修 饰的名词之前，但有时为了强调动作，也 可放在它所修饰词的后面。
My father has a radio made in Mexico.
The little girl dressed in white is Mary’s younger sister.
过去分词表示的动作是没有一定时间性的。
2、过去分词做表语
1）基本用法
过去分词做表语一般表示被动或主语所 处的状态，含有“感到······”的意思。 主语多数情况下是人。做表语用的过去 分词有许多是由能够表示人们某种感情 或情绪的动词变化而来的。
amused astonished 好玩的 惊讶的
过去分词做定语,+表语的用法
过去分词做定语, 表语的用法1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语需要注意如下几个方面的问题:（1）过去分词作定语时,所表示的时间概念:1）多表示已完成的动作．例如:A．The broken glasses are mine．B．The book written in English is about “The differences between American English andBritish English”．2）表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前．例如:A．A letter posted yesterday will probably reach her next week．B．He wants to buy a used car．3）没有一定的时间性．例如:A．I don’t like to see letters written in pencil．B．His spoken English is excellent．（2）过去分词作定语在句中的位置:1)单个的过去分词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词之前．例如:spoken English _________________ 一只受过训练的狗____________________一条结了冰的河流_____________________注意不及物动词的过去分词一般不能作前置定语,能作前置的仅限于escaped,faded, fallen, risen, grown等．例如:the risen sun ______________________ 落叶_______________________2)过去分词与副词,名词,形容词构成复合形容词作定语时,位于被修饰的名词之前．例如:a newly—built road __________________ a man—made satellite _________________一个高度发达的国家________________________3)过去分词短语作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之后．例如:A.There is anything arranged for the vacation ?B．There are many person killed in that accident ．注意:某些单个的过去分词作定语也必须作后置定语．例如: There is no time left ．A.某些动词的过去分词作定语时,既可作前置定语,又可作后置定语,但含义不同．例如:A．The method used is very efficient ．B．This is a used book ．C．The book given to him is an English novel ．D.We will be meeting at a given time and place ．（3）某些动词的过去分词作定语时, 多半用来修饰人．这类过去分词多是表示人物的心理特征或情感变化的动词．如:delighted , devoted , discouraged , amused , astonished , frightened , moved , inspired , encouraged , puzzled , tired , worried , excited ．For example : A．The tired boy fell into asleep very soon ．B．The puzzled mother come to her daughter’s teacher for help ．C．The frightened baby kept crying ．2.过去分词作表语(1)过去分词做表语与被动语态的差异:①The store is now closed ．（系表）The library is usually closed at 8:00 p．m．（被动）②The novel is well written ．（系表）The novel is written by LuXun ．（被动）(2)某些过去分词作表语,多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化, 其主语多半是人, 这类过去分词通常为下列过去分词: delighted, devoted, discouraged , astonished, frightened, excited,inspired, encouraged, interested, contented, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect ．这些分词几乎都可以看作形容词, 其中很多可以被very修饰．在口语中, 用very代替much来修饰过去分词的现象, 越来越普遍．例如:A.On hearing the good news everyone was excited ．B.We are very pleased at the news ．Exercises in class :（）1．Most of the people ___ to the party were famous scientists ．A.invited B．to invited C．being invited D．inviting（）2．The computer centers , ____ last year , is very popular among the students in this school ．A．open B．opening C．having opened D．opened（）3．What an ___ game ! I’m really ___ at it ．A.excited, exciting B．exciting, excitedC．excited, exciting D．exciting, exciting（）4．The ground is ___ with the ___ leaves ．A.covering, falling B．covered, falling C．covered, fallen D．covering, fallen（）5．We are all ___ to see that ___ child ．A.pleasing, smiled B．pleasing, smilingC．pleased, smiling D．pleased, smiling（）6．The television is a ___ machine ．A.newly—inventing B．newly—inventedC．newly—intent D．newly—invention（）7．The ___ price will save you one dollar for each dozen ．A.reduce B．reduced C．reducing D．reduces ．（）8．Romeo , ___ that Juliet was dead , decided to kill himself ．A.believe B．to believe C．believing D．believes （）9．When ___ this machine you must remember the instructions．A.to use B．used C．using D．uses（）10．Jones and Smith came in , ___by their wives．A．following B．to follow C．and followed D．followed。
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第十讲 过去分词作定语、表语和状语姓名：学校：年级：【学习目标】主要掌握动词-ed形式作定语、表语和状语。
【知识要点】一、作定语过去分词作定语时相当于一个定语从句，其被动和完成的含义可以在从句中表现出来，比定语从句更简洁。
在逻辑上，过去分词与被修饰的词之间是动宾关系。
1）．单个过去分词作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之前。
At that time“love”was a forbibben topic to be written or talked about .= At that time“love”was a topic that was forbidden to be written or talked about.那时，“爱情”是一个被禁止写作或谈论的话题。
2）.过去分词短语作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之后。
Her daughter, brought up by me(=who was brought up by me) has begun to work now.由我带大的她的女儿现在已经开始工作了。
3）.有些单个的过去分词，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，spoken(被说的)，written(被写的)，等，习惯上用作后置定语。
In many countries, words spoken are different from words written.在很多国家，口头用语与书面用语有区别。
注意：不及物动词的过去分词作定语时不表被动，只表主动和完成意义。
fallen leaves 落叶 the gone days 逝去的时光the exploded bomb 已爆炸的炸弹4）. 现在分词作定语与过去分词作定语的区别1.现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作，变为从句时需要用进行时态；若表示经常性的动作或现在的状态，变为从句时用时态。
eg：The house standing (=that stands) at the of the street was built in 1982.在街道拐角处的房子建于1982年。
2. 语态上的不同：若分词的逻辑主语与分词之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词；若分词的逻辑主语与分词之间构成被动关系，则用过去分词。
eg：The surprised audience are looking at the accident with surprising expressions.这些吃惊的观众带着令人吃惊的表情看着这次事故。
★：现在分词与过去分词作定语是高考的重点语法之一。
被修饰词是分词所表示行为的受者即被动关系，则用过去分词；若是动作的发出者即主动关系，则常用现在分词。
二、作表语1）过去分词作表语时总是用在系动词之后，构成细表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
He looked worried after reading the letter. 看完信后，他显得很担忧。
When we heard of it, we were deeply moved. 当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了。
2）过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一体，分词作表语表示主动的状态，而被动语态则表示被动的动作。
eg：My glasses are broken. 我的眼镜碎了。
（表状态）My glasses broken by my son. 我的眼镜被我的儿子摔碎了。
（表动作）On the earth ,70% of the surface is covered with water.地球表面的70%是被水覆盖的。
（表状态）I was greatly surprised by a knock at the door.敲门声使我大为吃惊。
（表动作）｛拓展｝常见的作表语的过去分词有：amused(愉快的)，broken(碎了)，closed(关闭的)，gone(遗失的)，lost(丢失了的)，interested(感兴趣的)，tired(疲劳的)三、作状语过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句，有来说明原因、时间、条件、结果、目的等，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。
如：1、过去分词作原因状语Tired by the trip, he soon feel asleep.= Because he was tired by the trip, he soon fell asleep.Lost in thought , he almost ran into a car.=As he was lost in thought, he almost ran into a car.2、作时间状语Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden.=When the city is seen from the hill, it looks like a garden.3、作条件状语Given more time, I would have worked out the problem.=If I have been given more time, I would have worked out the problem.4、伴随状语The teacher came in, followed by some students.=The teacher came in and was followed by some students.★：动词-ed形式与动词-ing形式的区别动词-ing形式表示主动地意思，而动词-ed形式多由及物动词演变而来，含有被动的含义，如：a moving film 感动的一部感人的电影the moved audience 受感动的观众有些动词-ed形式是由不及物动词演变而来，它们只表示动作完成，而无被动意义，如：the risen sun 升起的太阳the fallen leaves 落叶the tetired workers 退休工人【典型例题】1．—Can those ________ at the back of the classroom hear me?—No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat解析：答案选C.2. When first _________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced解析：答案为B.【经典练习】Ⅰ.语法练习.1. Mr. Smith, _______ of the ________ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring2. On getting to the kindergarten, the mother was glad to see her baby well_________.A. looked forB. cared forC. take care ofD. cared after3. The two old sisters, _________ so long, held each other and burst into tears.A. being separatedB. having been separatedC. having separatedD. had been separated4. Let’s have a rest. The _______ work made me very ________.A. tired; tiredB. tiring; tiringC. tired; tiringD. tiring; tired5. Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone_________ to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.A. addingB. to have addedC. to addD. added6. As we all know, newspapers, magazines and radios as well as televisionbroadcasts can keep us ______ about what is happening in the world.A. informingB. to informC. informedD. being informed7. Everyone was ________ by his _______ progress which he made during the two months.A. surprised; surpriseB. surprised; surprisedC. surprised; surprisingD. surprising; surprising8. When he turned around, he found a pair of eyes _________ him.A. lookingB. watch atC. fixing onD. staring at9. The film you saw last light was made _________ on a true story thathappened many years ago.A. baseB. to be basedC. basedD. basing10. After _______ his work, the teacher came to help me with my English.A. finishedB. being finishedC. having finishedD. be finishing11. Follow the directions on the bottle carefully when __________the medicine.A. you will takeB. takingC. to takeD. taken12. The students, ________ their teachers, came home.A. followedB. followC. followingD. will follow13. The long-lasting war, filled with blood and deaths, ended in people’ssadness, _______ no result.A. reachedB. to reachC. would reachD. reaching14. They spent the night _________ in the room.A. having lockedB. lockingC. to be lockedD. locked15. He wrote a letter to the king ___________.A. hoping to be set freeB. to set him freeC. so that be set freeD. asked to be set free16. Steven has devoted all his life to _______ films, and Kate, his wife, is also________ to the duty of her profession.A. make; devotedB. making; devotingC. making; devotedD. make; devoting17. ________ in the dark, his head hit against a tree.A. WalkingB. He was walkingC. WalkedD. When he was walking18. Time should be made good use ________ our lessons well.A. of learningB. to learnC. to learningD. of to learn19. The film, ________ true story of this Red Army general, attracted people’sinterest all over the country.A. is based onB. is on the base ofC. which is the base ofD. based upon20. She returned home from the market only to find the door open and anumber of things _______.A. stoleB. missingC. missedD. losingⅡ. 语法填空。