望子成龙学校2015暑假八年级英语语法专题之 非谓语

望子成龙学校2015寒假八年级英语语法专题之--非谓语动词你会读吗？So easy!1、初入江湖：化肥会挥发2、小有名气：黑化肥发灰，灰化肥发黑3、一代宗师：黑化肥发灰会挥发；灰化肥挥发会发黑4、天外飞仙：黑化肥挥发发灰会花飞；灰化肥挥发发黑会飞花Reading①Try reading the following sentences as fast as you can. “I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.”Not very easy, was it? What you’ve just read is called a tongue twister (绕口令). It is an exercise made up of sounds that are hard to pronounce(发音) in order to (为了)help people pronounce words faster and more correctly. Try the next example.”I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought. If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought, I wouldn't have thought so much.”Tongue twisters usually do not have much meaning. They are just designed(设计) to improve people’s ability (能力) to pronounce words. Although they may be very difficult, these exercises are very important to people who are trying to speak English correctly. This is because tongue twisters help people to tell the differences between similar（相似的）sounds.②So if you wish to pronounce words more smoothly, you’d better try picking out some tongue twisters and practicing them.语法聚焦之---非谓语原文重现：①Try reading the following sentences as fast as you can.一、动名词1. 结构：V-ing / not+V-ing2. 用法：（1）主语：位于句首，V-ing表示的是“做某事”这件事情，并不表示某个动作。

且在后面可以找到is，或三单现形式的句子谓语动词。

如:Playing basketball is very interesting.Eating dangshen and huangqi herbs is also good for this. = It’s alsogood for this to eat ….Doing more exercise and eating less meat is good for my health. = It’s good for my health to do…（2）宾语：位于动词或动词短语之后，与做主语的用法类似，表示了某件事。

但V-ing之前有谓语动词与之构成固定搭配。

(初中不考查形式宾语替代v-ing宾语的用法)完成实践值得忙：习惯继续别放弃：考虑期望不禁想：喜欢忍受不介意：此外：花钱 / 时间做某事：spend money / time doing做……很开心: have fun / enjoy oneself / have a good time doing做……有问题/ 麻烦/ 困难: have problems / trouble / difficulties doing做……很艰难: have a hard / difficult time doing经历某事: experience doing推迟坚持；；建议阻止；；避免二、不定式1. 结构：to do / not to do2. 用法：1）做主语或宾语（初中不考查it替代to do做形式主语的用法）①*To play in this heat is difficult for me. = It’s difficult for me to play in this heat. （it做形式主语）I found it difficult to play in this heat. = I found to play in this heat difficult. （it做形式宾语）引起形式宾语的动词往往是find, think, believe等表示人主观想法的动词。

②固定动词后只能接to do做宾语的动词有：want to do / would like to do VS. feel like doinghope to do / expect to do VS. look forward to doingneed to do, decide to do / make a decision to do2) 做目的状语To stay healthy, I have to eat lots of healthy food. （位于句首，状语部分逗号和主句分隔）= I have to eat lots of healthy food to stay healthy.My father gets up very early on weekdays to catch the early bus.3）做定语①固定用to do做后置定语修饰的名词：time, place, way, chance / opportunity等②修饰不定代词时: something to say, nothing to do等③名词被序数词或形容词最高级做修饰时：the first student to get to school, the best book to read④固定短语have … to do（有要做的……）三、既可接to do，又可接doing的动词, 但表示不同的意义。

like / stop / forget / remember / try / mean/ go on等区别一：to do表be going to do,描述将要做的事情；doing表示be doing,描述正在做的事情。

区别二：to do表目的，“为了……”；doing表动名词，表示“某件事情”四、既可接do，又可接doing的动词see, watch, notice, hear等区别一：see sb. do表示经常性的动作；see sb. doing表示看到某人正在做某事。

区别二：see sb. do表示看过了动作的全过程，强调动作的结果；see sb. doing强调动作过程。

五、使役动词和感官动词省to（PS：主动省to，被动还原to）一感：feel二听：hear, listen to三使：make, let, have四看：see, watch, notice, look六、省略不定式to的句型结构：(1)Why not do…? = Why don’t you do…?(2)Let’s (not) do…, shall we?Let us (not) do…, will you?(3)You’d better (not) do… (‘d = had)(4) I’d rather do… than do… (‘d = would)(5) Could / Can / Would / Will you please (not) do…?七、常用不定式to的特殊句型：(1) It’s too + adj. / adv + (for sb.) + to do(2) It’s adj. / adv + enough + (for sb.) + to do(3)It +is / was + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.(4) sb. find / think / believe+ it + adj. + to do sth.(5)It’s one’s turn to do sth.(6)It’s time to do sth.一、单项选择( ) 1. Tom’s mother told him ____________ eating too much meat. (2011 天津，38)A. stoppingB. to stopC.stoppedD.stops( ) 2. How kind you are! You always do what you can _____________ me. (2011 江西，38)A. helpB. helpingC. to helpD. helps( ) 3. We don’t know ______________ it next. Let’s go and ask Mr. Li.A. what to doB. to do whatC. whether to doD. to do whether ( ) 4. Water Park is a good place ________________. (2011 乌鲁木齐, 25) A. to have fun B. have fun C. having fun D. to have a fun( ) 5. ---Don’t forget ___________ my history and policy books tomorrow morning.--- Thanks. I won’t. (2011 福建福州)A. bingB. to bringC. Bringing( ) 6. --- I feel kind of hungry now.--- Why not __________ for dinner with us?A. goB. did you goC. to goD. do you go( ) 7. --- How about ___________ in the river with us? (2011 云南)--- Sorry, I can’t. My parents often tell me _____________ that.A. swim, don’t doB. swim, to doC. swimming, not doD. swimming, not to do( ) 8. She saw some boys_______ soccer on the playground when she was on the way to the classroom. (2011 湖南)A. PlayB. PlayingC. To playD. Played( ) 9. I think people should stop _________ trees, or the environment(环境) will become worse.A. cut downB. to cut downC. cutting down( ) 10. Peter is busy ___________ at school, but he never forgets___________ exercise every day. (2010 江苏南京)A. working, doingB. working, to doC. at work, doing( ) 11. It’s a good habit ______________ every day.A. to keep doing exerciseB. to stay up lateC. to make much noise ( ) 12. The old woman walked along the river slowly, ___________ about something.A. thinkingB. thoughtC. thinks( ) 13. I heard someone ____________ the door and _____________.A. open, come inB. to open, to come inC. open, come into( ) 14. Playing basketball __________　really interesting for my brother.A. becomeB. becomesC. is( ) 15. ---Do you know the final of men’s singles will be played between Wang Liqin and Ma Lin ?--- Yes . I felt __________ when I heard the _________ news .A. exciting , excitedB. excited , excitingC. exciting , excitingD. excited , excited二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。