初中英语句子结构和句型细致讲解.ppt
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machines.
定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、 短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
❖ Tom is a handsome boy. ❖ The two boys are students. ❖ His boy needs Tom's pen. ❖ The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours. ❖ The boy needs a ball pen. ❖ The best boy here is Tom. ❖ There is nothing to do today. ❖ The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. ❖ This is the new dictionary which I bought yesterday.
由and 连接
并列谓语动词
宾语
❖ Find out the Object in the following
1. sYeonutsehonucldedso.it at once.
2. She did nothing .
代词充当宾语
3. I will tell her something. 4. Please give me the book.
宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明 宾语 的动作,状态,特征.
❖ 1) The government appointed her chief delegate to the conference.
❖ 2) I don’t believe the story true. ❖ 3) You should put your things in order. ❖ 4) The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a
英语句子结构分析
英语的句子基本成分有七种：
主语（subject） 谓语（predicate） 表语（predicative） 宾语（object） 宾语补足语( objectcomplement) 定语（attribute） 状语 (adverbial)
那他们该怎么放置才好呢？
主语：是句子要说明的人或物,可以作主语的 成分有名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式等， 主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠 词不分家！
8. He made
5. They ate
6. Danny likes
7. I
want
4. He said
the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts. to have a cup of tea. "Good morning."
双宾语
5. Uncle Li bought 20 sheep this year. 6. Tom is reading a book . ☆ She enjoys collecting stamps .
名词充当宾语
动名词短语
定语
1. We all like interesting stories. 2. The book on the bed is mine . 3. Do you know that woman? 4. She wears a red blouse and a white skirt. 5. Jim missed the sports meeting last week. 6. Tom’s aunt is very rich. 7. Whose book is it? 8. A good friend is someone who makes me happy.
❖ 1) Mr. Lee is a well-known scientist.
❖ 2) He reads newspapers everyday.
❖ 3) Two and ten is twelve.
❖ 4) Smoking is harmful to the health.
❖ 5) To swim in that pool is a great pleasure.
Ｖ （不及物动词）
flies. rose. cooked. eat, and drink. laughed? woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday is playing have gone
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语 动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个 表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能 表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动 词分两类：be, look, feel,smell,taste,sound 等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn,go等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什 么意义,只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词 仍保持其部分词义另:stay,prove,remain,stand
基本句型二： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
基本句型三： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
s: subject v: verb P: predicative o: object
(indirect) c: complement
宾语:指的是及物动词涉及到的人或物.
❖ 1) Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus.
❖ 2) The medicine is good for a cold. ❖ 3) How many pieces do you want? ❖ 4) My little sister always likes to ask questions. ❖ 5) Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? ❖ 6) He asked me what I was going to do tonight
原因状语
英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千
变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系， 找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种 基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ
（主＋谓）
German.
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
主语
❖ Find out the Subject in the following
1. sJeimnitserneacdeinsg.
基本句型 三
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓
语动词都具有实义，都Baidu Nhomakorabea主语产生 的动作，但不能表达完整的意思， 必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受 者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫 做及物动词。
Ｓ Ｖ（实义动词）
Ｏ(宾语)
1. Who knows
2. She laugh at
3. He understands
基本句型 一
Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
此句型的句子有一个共同特 点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。
Ｓ
1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.He 10.They
宾语补足语
1. He called it Mickey Mouse. 2. I saw you out this morning. 3. What he did made me angry. 4. Please put it in the drawer. 5. I found all the windows broken. 6. He kept me waiting for half an hour. 7. The manager asked me to buy something.
状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句， 说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、 方向、程度、目的等。
❖ 1) She sings quite well. ❖ 2) On Sundays, there is no student in the
classroom. ❖ 3) He sits there, asking for a pen. ❖ 4) The boy needs a pen to do his homework. ❖ 5) If I have some spare time, I will take up
❖ 6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.
谓语: 说明主语的动作，状态或特征，由动词 充当。
❖ 1) The new term begins on the 1st of September.
❖ 2) His father is an engineer. ❖ 3) She seemed happy. ❖ 4) Li Hua showed me his album.
找出下列句子中的状语
We usually get up at 6 o’clock. 时间状语 There is a cat behind the door. 地点状语 I found a purse on the floor. 地点状语 The next day we did a lot of washing. 时间状语 Because of bad weather, we put off the match.
Ｓ
Ｖ（是系动词）
Ｐ(表语)
1. This
is
2. The dinner smells(闻)
3. He
fell
4. Everything looks
5. He
is
6. The book is
7. The weather became
8. His face
turned
an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting. warmer. red.
week. ❖ 5) We saw the pupils playing basketball.
表语：是谓语的一部分，它位于系动 词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征， 属性或状态。
❖ 1)Wang’s father is a doctor. ❖ 2) He is always careless. ❖ 3) The basketball match is on. ❖ 4) All the pupils are on the playground now. ❖ 5) Our aim is to win more medals. ❖ 6) His work is teaching French. ❖ 7) The question is who can really repair the
名词
2. How many students passed the exam?
3. Who is on duty today?
4. He went shopping yesterday.
代
词
5. What does he like?
6. What happened ? ☆ Reading is my interest.
动名词
谓语
These boys like swimming. • I wrote a letter just now. 实义动词充当谓语
• Mary runs very fast.
• Those people are talking.
• We can swim.
谓语部分
• They don’t want to have a picnic. He stood up and walked towards me..
定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、 短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
❖ Tom is a handsome boy. ❖ The two boys are students. ❖ His boy needs Tom's pen. ❖ The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours. ❖ The boy needs a ball pen. ❖ The best boy here is Tom. ❖ There is nothing to do today. ❖ The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. ❖ This is the new dictionary which I bought yesterday.
由and 连接
并列谓语动词
宾语
❖ Find out the Object in the following
1. sYeonutsehonucldedso.it at once.
2. She did nothing .
代词充当宾语
3. I will tell her something. 4. Please give me the book.
宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明 宾语 的动作,状态,特征.
❖ 1) The government appointed her chief delegate to the conference.
❖ 2) I don’t believe the story true. ❖ 3) You should put your things in order. ❖ 4) The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a
英语句子结构分析
英语的句子基本成分有七种：
主语（subject） 谓语（predicate） 表语（predicative） 宾语（object） 宾语补足语( objectcomplement) 定语（attribute） 状语 (adverbial)
那他们该怎么放置才好呢？
主语：是句子要说明的人或物,可以作主语的 成分有名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式等， 主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠 词不分家！
8. He made
5. They ate
6. Danny likes
7. I
want
4. He said
the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts. to have a cup of tea. "Good morning."
双宾语
5. Uncle Li bought 20 sheep this year. 6. Tom is reading a book . ☆ She enjoys collecting stamps .
名词充当宾语
动名词短语
定语
1. We all like interesting stories. 2. The book on the bed is mine . 3. Do you know that woman? 4. She wears a red blouse and a white skirt. 5. Jim missed the sports meeting last week. 6. Tom’s aunt is very rich. 7. Whose book is it? 8. A good friend is someone who makes me happy.
❖ 1) Mr. Lee is a well-known scientist.
❖ 2) He reads newspapers everyday.
❖ 3) Two and ten is twelve.
❖ 4) Smoking is harmful to the health.
❖ 5) To swim in that pool is a great pleasure.
Ｖ （不及物动词）
flies. rose. cooked. eat, and drink. laughed? woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday is playing have gone
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语 动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个 表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能 表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动 词分两类：be, look, feel,smell,taste,sound 等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn,go等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什 么意义,只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词 仍保持其部分词义另:stay,prove,remain,stand
基本句型二： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
基本句型三： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
s: subject v: verb P: predicative o: object
(indirect) c: complement
宾语:指的是及物动词涉及到的人或物.
❖ 1) Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus.
❖ 2) The medicine is good for a cold. ❖ 3) How many pieces do you want? ❖ 4) My little sister always likes to ask questions. ❖ 5) Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? ❖ 6) He asked me what I was going to do tonight
原因状语
英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千
变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系， 找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种 基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ
（主＋谓）
German.
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
主语
❖ Find out the Subject in the following
1. sJeimnitserneacdeinsg.
基本句型 三
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓
语动词都具有实义，都Baidu Nhomakorabea主语产生 的动作，但不能表达完整的意思， 必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受 者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫 做及物动词。
Ｓ Ｖ（实义动词）
Ｏ(宾语)
1. Who knows
2. She laugh at
3. He understands
基本句型 一
Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
此句型的句子有一个共同特 点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。
Ｓ
1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.He 10.They
宾语补足语
1. He called it Mickey Mouse. 2. I saw you out this morning. 3. What he did made me angry. 4. Please put it in the drawer. 5. I found all the windows broken. 6. He kept me waiting for half an hour. 7. The manager asked me to buy something.
状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句， 说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、 方向、程度、目的等。
❖ 1) She sings quite well. ❖ 2) On Sundays, there is no student in the
classroom. ❖ 3) He sits there, asking for a pen. ❖ 4) The boy needs a pen to do his homework. ❖ 5) If I have some spare time, I will take up
❖ 6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.
谓语: 说明主语的动作，状态或特征，由动词 充当。
❖ 1) The new term begins on the 1st of September.
❖ 2) His father is an engineer. ❖ 3) She seemed happy. ❖ 4) Li Hua showed me his album.
找出下列句子中的状语
We usually get up at 6 o’clock. 时间状语 There is a cat behind the door. 地点状语 I found a purse on the floor. 地点状语 The next day we did a lot of washing. 时间状语 Because of bad weather, we put off the match.
Ｓ
Ｖ（是系动词）
Ｐ(表语)
1. This
is
2. The dinner smells(闻)
3. He
fell
4. Everything looks
5. He
is
6. The book is
7. The weather became
8. His face
turned
an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting. warmer. red.
week. ❖ 5) We saw the pupils playing basketball.
表语：是谓语的一部分，它位于系动 词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征， 属性或状态。
❖ 1)Wang’s father is a doctor. ❖ 2) He is always careless. ❖ 3) The basketball match is on. ❖ 4) All the pupils are on the playground now. ❖ 5) Our aim is to win more medals. ❖ 6) His work is teaching French. ❖ 7) The question is who can really repair the
名词
2. How many students passed the exam?
3. Who is on duty today?
4. He went shopping yesterday.
代
词
5. What does he like?
6. What happened ? ☆ Reading is my interest.
动名词
谓语
These boys like swimming. • I wrote a letter just now. 实义动词充当谓语
• Mary runs very fast.
• Those people are talking.
• We can swim.
谓语部分
• They don’t want to have a picnic. He stood up and walked towards me..