8036年高密四中高三上学期期中考试

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2019-2020学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABritain's brilliant bridges have supported trade, brought communities together andare always the mostexciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling", it was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-long toll（通行费）bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ 1 toll for every journey pays for its maintenance. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian（行人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly incredible at night. The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol, thus inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital, experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor, and visit the Victorian Engine Rooms.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781 , this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the craft of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1. Which bridge has the longest history?A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.B. Infinity Bridge.C. Tower Bridge.D. Iron Bridge.2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A. It was originally meant for pedestrains.B. The public give it two names.C. Ifs well worth visiting at night.D. Its arch is bigger than any other bridge's.3. What makes Clifton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced?A. It charges drivers for each passing.B. It offers walkers a good view at night.C. It was made from thousands of stones.D. It's a symbol of the industrial revolution.BAmerica---that glorious symbol of multiculturalism, the great melting pot---qualifies as part of the developed world, right? Not quite, if we consider the state of second language learning in schools across the country. According to a 2018 study, Europe often tops the U.S. in foreign language education in school. 92% of European students are learning a foreign language in school. In America it’s only 20%. In more than 20 European countries, studying a foreign language for at least one year is compulsory. In comparison, only 10 states and D.C. require learning a foreign language for graduation.I went to a public school in Pennsylvania that ranked onNewsweek’s list of America’s top high schools in 2015. Foreign language learning was not a graduation requirement. A common response to such stories and statistics is: So what? Why should Americans care about learning another language when English has recently seemed to dominate as the official language of the world?The world is globalizing faster than we can imagine. More than half of the world’s population speaks more than one language. It is also increasingly becoming the need for success in this globalizing world. Having the ability to speak a second language opens up the possibility of travelling and immersing yourself in another part of the world. This means people can feel other cultures, and traditions in places you were previously kept away because you could not communicate in the language.The teaching of foreign languages can be instrumental in bringing about peace and unity in the country we live in. Learning a second language can be an efficient vehicle to help to bridge communities. To speak another language means having access to a universe of different experiences and world views of another community of people.4. Why does the writer mention Europe?A. America makes studying a foreign language compulsory.B. America is the glorious symbol of multiculturalism.C. America isn’t really qualified as the developed world.D. America doesn’t focus on foreign language education5. What is American’s attitude towards education of foreign languages?A. Less concerned.B. More worried.C. Quite doubtful.D. Very supportive.6. What can visiting people do if they can speak the language where they visit?A. Make the world globalizing.B. Achieve success in business.C. Experience people’s real life there.D. Keep away their own culture.7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Using a second language can bring harmony.B. Communities of people enjoy the great views.C. Speaking another language is reallynecessary.D. Learning a second language can be difficult.CA company called Neuralink has shared a video which appears to show a monkey playing a video game, but what makes the video even stranger is that themonkey is playing the video game with just its mind.Neuralink is a company owned by Elon Musk, which is working to develop devices that could allow people to control things using just their brains. The monkey in the video is called Pager, having special "Link" devices inside his brain. These devices are connected to 2,048 wires which lead to the parts of Pager's brain that control movements of the arms and hands.Scientists taught Pager to play a video game using a banana juice as a reward when he playedthe game correctly. Soon Pager was eager to play well in order to get more smoothie. At first, Pager controlled the video game using a joystick (操纵杆). But as Pager played, his Link devices wirelessly sent out information about the signals his brain was using to control his arms and hands. Neuralink's scientists recorded all of these signals.Then they used computers to match up the signals from Pager's brain to the movements that his hands were actually doing. This was challenging work and the scientists counted on artificial intelligence (AI) to help them decode (解码) Pager's brain signals.The next step was to have a computer make moves in the video game as if Pager had actually moved the joystick. If Pager thought about moving the joystick up, the computer would send an "up"signal to the video game. Thus Pager was able to play the video game using just his brain.When people are paralyzed (瘫痪的), it's often because the brain has lost the ability to send signals to nervesand muscles in certain parts of the body. Neuralink hopes that one day, its system will be ableto send this information in a different way, allowing paralyzed people to use their arms or legs again.8. What does Neuralink aim to do?A. To make monkeys much smarter.B. To solve complex problems with monkeys.C. To create a device linking monkeys and people.D. To make people control things with their brains.9. How does the author introduce the process of the research?A. In order of time.B. By making a comparison.C. By giving examples.D. In order of space.10. What played an important role in the success of the research?A. The joystick.B. Artificial intelligence.C. The video game.D. The banana smoothie.11. Which is the most suitable title of the test?A. Neuralink Posts an Unusual VideoB. Disabled People Have a Bright FutureC. Monkey Plays Video Games with His MindD. Neuralink, a Creative and Competitive CompanyDEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation on the value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.12. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidaysB. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they preferC. gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts13. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.A. receive gifts in returnB. enjoy the feeling of shoppingC. help recipients to save moneyD. better relationships with recipients14. What can we learn from the passage?A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.15. Why did the author write this article?A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

山东省高密市2024年物理高三第一学期期中达标检测模拟试题含解析

山东省高密市2024年物理高三第一学期期中达标检测模拟试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。

用2B 铅笔将试卷类型（B ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。

2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试题卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、重力为G 的体操运动员在进行自由体操比赛时，有如图所示的比赛动作，当运动员竖直倒立保持静止状态时，两手臂对称支撑，夹角为θ，则：A ．当060θ=时，运动员单手对地面的正压力大小为2G B ．当0120θ时，运动员单手对地面的正压力大小为GC ．当θ不同时，运动员受到的合力不同D ．当θ不同时，运动员与地面之间的相互作用力不相等2、2018年5月21日5点28分，在我国西昌卫星发射中心。

长征四号丙运载火箭将嫦娥四号中继星“鹊桥”卫星，送入近地点约200公里、远地点约40万公里的地月转移轨道。

已知地球同步卫星的轨道半径为4.2万公里，忽略稀薄空气阻力的影响，则“鹊桥”卫星在地月转移轨道上运行时，下列判断正确的是（）A ．运动周期大于10天B ．运动周期小于10天C ．近地点的速度比远地点的小D ．近地点的机械能比远地点的大3、用豆粒模拟气体分子，可以模拟气体压强产生的原理．如图所示，从距秤盘80 cm 高处把1 000粒的豆粒连续均匀地倒在秤盘上，持续作用时间为1 s ，豆粒弹起时竖直方向的速度大小变为碰前的一半，方向相反．若每个豆粒只与秤盘碰撞一次，且碰撞时间极短(在豆粒与秤盘碰撞极短时间内，碰撞力远大于豆粒受到的重力)，已知1 000粒的豆粒的总质量为100 g ．则在碰撞过程中秤盘受到的压力大小约为( )A ．0.2 NB ．0.6 NC ．1.0 ND ．1.6 N4、如图所示，弹簧的一端固定在竖直墙上，质量为M 的光滑弧形槽静止在光滑水平面上，底部与水平面平滑连接，一个质量为m （m ＜M ）的小球从槽高h 处开始自由下滑，下列说法正确的是（）A ．在以后的运动过程中，小球和槽的水平方向动量始终守恒B ．在下滑过程中小球和槽之间的相互作用力始终不做功C ．全过程小球和槽、弹簧所组成的系统机械能守恒，且水平方向动量守恒D ．被弹簧反弹后，小球和槽的机械能守恒，但小球不能回到槽高h 处5、如图所示,A 、B 两小球分别连在弹簧两端,B 端用细线固定在倾角为30 的光滑斜面上,A 、B 两小球的质量分别为A m 、B m ，重力加速度为g ,若不计弹簧质量,在线被剪断瞬间,A 、B 两球的加速度分别为( )A ．都等于2g B ．2g 和0 C ．AB 22m m g +⋅和0 D ．0和A B B2m m g m + 6、质量为M 的木块位于粗糙水平桌面上，若用大小为F 的水平恒力拉木块，其加速度为a ，当拉力方向不变，大小变为2F 时，木块的加速度为a '，则（）A．a'＝a B．a'＝2a C．a'>2a D．a'<2a二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。

山东省高密市高三上学期语文期中考试试卷

山东省高密市高三上学期语文期中考试试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共4题；共8分)1. （2分）下列各句中，划线的词语使用不恰当的一句是（）A . 备受关注的2012年国家公务员招录考试已经开始报名。

据悉，昨天网上报名不很拥堵，抢着在第一天“出手”的考生并不是太多。

B . 《帝国的惆怅》中，作者打通文史关节，勾兑世事人情，静观辅以动察，仰视继之俯瞰，使自己的见解，踩在宽广而坚实的地基上。

C . 政府应改变中小企业融资难的局面，让它们有能力实现自身升级转型，避免出现中小企业“倒闭潮”，而伤及经济稳固增长的肌体。

D . 峨眉山气吐如兰、秀甲天下，作为武林翘楚之一，峨眉风骨不逊于少林、武当，不少影视作品演绎出了峨眉不可言说的神秘色彩。

2. （2分）下列诗句的节奏划分错误的一项是（）A . 独立/寒秋，湘江/北去，橘子/洲头B . 那/河畔的/金柳，是/夕阳中的/新娘C . 怅/寥廓，问苍茫/大地，谁主/沉浮D . 在雨中/哀怨，哀怨/又彷徨3. （2分） (2016高三上·怀来期中) 填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，最恰当的一句是（）有一次，有人曾向希尔伯特请教：明天最重要的技术是什么？这位20世纪科学工作者界的领袖幽默地说：“到月球上去抓苍蝇。

” 。

希尔伯特在回答为什么时说：“因为要实现这一目标，必须解决许多连带性的技术难题，而这意味着要解决人类面临的几乎一切的物质困难。

”今天，人类已经成功地登上了月球。

去月球发电、种庄稼，已经像“抓苍蝇”一样实实在在地摆在我们面前。

A . 这有点儿像天方夜谭。

因为要做到这一点实在需要克服太多太多的困难B . 这不是一句玩笑话。

因为要做到这样一件小事，将要碰到一连串的难题C . 这简直不可思议。

因为要做到这一点实在需要克服太多太多的困难D . 因为要做到这样一件小事，将要碰到一连串的难题。

这是无法想像的4. （2分） (2019高三上·阳高期中) 下列最能概括所给文段内涵的一项是（）采撷绿叶以为茶，除扫落花以为枕。

2020年高密市第四中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2020年高密市第四中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 关于“S”型曲线的叙述，错误的是()A.t0～t1之间，种群数量小于K/2，由于资源和空间相对充裕，种群数量增长较快，增长率不断增加B.t1～t2之间，由于资源和空间有限，当种群密度增大时，种内斗争加剧，天敌数量增加，种群增长速率下降C.t2时，种群数量达到K值，此时出生率等于死亡率，种群增长速率为0D. 为有效防治蝗灾，应在t1前及时控制其种群密度2. 下列关于人体脂质的叙述，正确的是（）A.组成脂肪与糖原的元素种类不同B.磷脂水解的终产物为甘油和脂肪酸C.性激素属于固醇类物质，能维持人体第二性征D.维生素D是构成骨骼的主要成分，缺乏维生素D会影响骨骼发育3. 下列关于遗传学的基本概念的叙述,正确的是()A.测交后代都是纯合子B.隐性性状是指生物体不能表现出来的性状C.纯合子自交产生的F1所表现出来的性状就是显性性状D.性状分离是指杂种后代中显性性状和隐性性状同时出现的现象4. 下列关于酶及相关实验叙述，正确的是（）A.酶是活细胞产生的有机物，微量高效，能调节酶促反应.B.酶在适宜条件下活性最大，其活性可因反应条件的变化而改变C.利用淀粉和蔗糖两种物质探究淀粉酶专一性时，用碘液进行检测D.酶促反应中，酶能高效提供活化能，从而加速反应的进行5. 甲、乙两图都表示苹果组织细胞中CO2释放量和O2吸收量的变化。

下列相关叙述不正确的是（）A.甲图中氧浓度为a时的情况对应的是乙图中的A点B.甲图中氧浓度为b时，若CO2释放量为6mol和O2吸收量为4mol，则此时有氧呼吸占优势C.甲图的a、b、c、d四个浓度中,c是适合储藏苹果的氧浓度D.甲图中氧浓度为d时没有酒精产生6. 如图分别是蓝藻和衣藻的结构模式图。

下列有关这两种生物叙述正确的是（）A. 两种细胞都可能含有光合膜B. 两者细胞膜的化学组成和结构不同C. 利用电子显微镜可以观察两者的染色质结构D. 遗传信息分别贮存在RNA和DNA上7. 科研工作者为了预测某草原鼠害的发生情况，用标志重捕法对该草原1公顷范围内的田鼠数量进行调查，发现在调查的第一个月内种群数量每天增加1．5%。

2019-2020学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated besideLake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.The Olympic ParkThe journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and theAlps. The park contains artwork and sculptures that show respect to the world of sport.The first Olympic symbolThe “Olympic Rings” flag was designed by Coubertin in 1913. The rings represent the five continents that participate in the Olympics: Africa, Asia,America,AustraliaandEurope. The six color1 s include at least one color1 that is represented on the flag of every country.The stadiumsThe stadiums that host the Olympic Games are as much of a celebration of design as the games are a celebration of sportsmanship. Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.The Olympic medalsHave you ever wondered what an Olympic medal looks like? The Olympic Museum has a room that houses every bronze, silver, and gold medal from every Olympic Games dating back to the first modern Olympics of 1896. Each medal design is a unique representation of the year and location in which the games were held.1.Which moment do you see first when exploring the Olympic Museum?A.The Olympic Park.B.The first Olympic symbol.C.The stadiums.D.The Olympic medals.2.What do you know from The first Olympic symbol?A.The first modern Olympics took place inGreece.B.There are six color1 s on the flag of every country.C.Australia used to be the largest continent on earth.D.The “Olympic Rings” flag was created in 1913.3.What can you do in the section of The stadiums?A.Admire the view ofLake Geneva.B.Meet some famous designers.C.Enjoy the model of the Bird’s Nest.D.Talk with guests of honour.B4. The five passes all include ________.A. a dinner cruiseB. a magic showC. a city tourD. a trolley ride5. Accordingto the rules and restrictions, ________.A. visitors can return their ticketsB. reservations cannot be cancelledC. passes cannot be shared among usersD. users can visit attractions more than once6. To make reservations, you can ________.A. write an e-mailB. make a phone callC. send a text messageD. fill out an online form7. In which section of a newspaper would you most likely find this advertisement?A. Leisure & TravelB. Health & BeautyC. Restaurants & FoodD. Sports & EntertainmentCCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.8. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.9. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.10. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.11. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.DBack about 20 months ago I started college and just struggled with everything, such as classes and friends. I quickly became depressed and angry at myself for not being about to do better in school, in addition to lack of friends due to poor social and communication skills.This went on for months until my 19th birthday. My parents sent me a cake, which was a great cake. But I remember having this large cake and ly no one to share it with. I ended throwing out the cake after having one piece, with about 90 % of it leftover. That night I was depressed that I decided to go outside to the freezingtemperature of the winter and run. I put my earphones in, went outside and ran about 2 miles at 11 p.m. on my birthday.When I got back inside I was content. I was proud of what I was able to do. The next night I did the same. I wasn’t quick or fit but you know that I went outside and did something. This continued for about 2 months until I finally worked up the courage to go to the gym, where I started swimming again as I used to in high school. A month went by and I started lifting weights and continually running.Looking back I can see that exercise helped cure my depression but it didn’t only do that. At the gym I met new friends and back at my dorm I grew confidence to go to the end of the hall seeing people playing Super Smash Brothers and ask if I could join.So go forward to present now. I exercise every day and look forward to that hour and a half I get daily to do what I love with people who love it as well. I hope this helps someone who may be or have been in a similar situation.12. What made the author decide to run at night?A. His l9th birthday.B. His parents’ cake.C. His loneliness.D. His friends.13. Which of the following best describes the author?A. Traditional.B. Determined.C. Humorous.D. Generous.14. What is the biggest benefit of the author’s running?A. Regaining his confidence.B. Losing his weight.C. Playing with his brothers.D. Joining other activities.15. Why do you think the author wrote this passage?A. To recall his life in college.B. To show his gratitude to his parents.C. To emphasize the importance of friendship.D. To share his experience of dealing with hardship.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年高密市第四中学高三语文上学期期中试卷及答案

2019-2020学年高密市第四中学高三语文上学期期中试卷及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字'，完成各题。

材料一：科普界有一群“杂乱无章”的人，他们有的是院士，有的是科学家,有的是医生，有的是教师，有的是营养师……但别小看他们,他们可是科普界的“正规军”，他们面向社会公众开展科普创作,传播科学权成的科普知识，用通俗易懂的形式传播科学内容。

无论是以最健康的方式诠释“吃货有道”的大学教授范志红,还是年事已高的“嫦娥之父”欧阳自远,抑或是用才情为科学代言的物理学家李森，他们都激情创作、醉心科普。

这些人都是“典赞”科学传播人物奖项的获得者，他们相信,只要将科普的“种子”种在每个人的心间,总有一天,这些新鲜的科学知识会“开花结果”，作用于人们的生活中。

科普界还有一堆逸趣横生、耳熟能详的作品：从脍炙人口、圈粉无数的北斗导航风云史一一《徐颖：来自星星的灯塔》，到近几年热播的科学实验类电视节目《加油！向未来》;从科普讲座《引力波•带人类倾听星辰大海的声音》,到优秀影视作品《重现化学》，在“典赞”活动的“推波助澜”下这些优秀科普作品二次面世,引发了多次传播热潮,为大众了解重大科技进展提供了专业又通俗易懂的内容，再次让大众感受到科学的魅力。

（节选自《科普的花儿为什么越来越红？》，人民网2018年12月27日）材料二：与生活类、实用类期刊相比,由于科普期刊的文章较为艰深的专业内容和表达形式的限制，造成读者面的狭窄；与学术期刊相比，科普期刊没有丰厚的经费保障,需要在市场中打拼,建立一定的信誉度后才能生存和发展。

随着互联网和移动互联网的迅猛发展，读者的选择余地越来越大，各种媒体之间的竞争也日益激烈，传统媒体的读者流失严重，逐漸转向网络媒体和移动媒体。

在这种环境下，传统科普期刊的转型之路显得尤为迫切。

不同特点的期刊可以根据自己的服务内容和资源，提供具有鲜明特色的服务，以扩大影响，提高用户黏性。

2020-2021学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the sun shines brightly, it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done. Like making hay! At least, that is what farmers from the past would say. ―Make hay while the sun shines.This idiom is very old, dating back to Medieval times. Rain would often ruin the process of making hay. So, farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.Today, we all use this expression, not just farmers. When conditions are perfect to get something done, we can say, ―It’s a good idea to make hay while the sun shines.In other words, you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions. You are making the most of your opportunities. These all mean ―making hay while the sun shines.And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch, or we got ahead of someone else. And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts. You are being opportunistic – taking advantage of a good opportunity. For example, my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work. So, his co-worker Sarah -- who doesn’t like him -- took advantage of his illness and stole his project! Talk about making hay while the sun shines.Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem – like in this example:Hey, do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend? The weather is going to be beautiful! I wish I could. But I have to finish my taxes. It’s the last weekend before they’re due.Oh, that’s too bad.Wait. What about your taxes?My taxes are done. I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined. I got all of it done!I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last week___1___All I did was lay around thehouse.And that’s all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories. But join us again next week. You can listen while you’re making dinner or riding to work. Yeah, make hay while the sun shines.1.Which of the following best matches ―make hay whilethe sun shines in paragraph 2?A.Sow nothing, reap nothing.B.Sharp tools make good work.C.Strike while the iron is hot.D.One swallow doesn’t make a summer.2.According to the underlined sentence, what feeling does the speaker express?A.AdmirableB.RegretfulC.AnnoyedD.Indifferent3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A radio programB.A magazineC.A brochureD.A novelBA 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to livea decade longer than a peer who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented. And although the average American’s expected span(预期寿命) has been smooth in recent year—and, shockingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017—that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.This gap in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the report of the National Academy of Sciences. Anne Case and Angus Deation ofPrincetonUniversityfound that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.What is the link between schooling and longevity(长寿)? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greaterhealth.Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have decreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widenin the wake ofthe covid-19 pandemic. ForAmerica’s overall life expectancy to start climbing again, improvements will be needed across all social groups, not just among the privileged few.4. When did the lifespans of people with and without a degree vary greatly?A. In the 1990s.B. In the 2020sC. In the 2000sD. In the 2010s5. According to the article, changes in labor markets reduce jobs for those without a degree. Which change is NOT included?A. The rising spending of employer-provided health care.B. The gap in life expectancy.C. Raised request for better-educated workers.D. The development of automation.6. What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean ?A. afterB. untilC. beforeD. while7. What is the best title for the text?A. Changes in labor market.B. Quit bad habits by Further studyC. Educated Americans live longer.D. Highly-educated people develop healthier lifestyles.CDad’s comb was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum, which made the comb two years older than I was. Every night, he wouldsmile, hand me the comb and say, “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?”I was more than happy to do it. At age five this mundane task brought me such joy. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. He didn’t come home as much as he used to – just a couple of times a week. And when he did come home, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started to get mad. I stopped waiting for him to come home, and stopped going downstairs to check on him.Today, I’m no longer a kid. I’ve graduated from college and got a job. Dad’s business has got back on track. Things are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me persisted.Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you like to help me clean my comb?” I looked at him a while,then took the comb and headed to the sink.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He looked at it and smiled. But this time, I noticed something different. My dad has aged. He has wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiles, yet his smile is still as heartwarming as before. The smile of a father who just wants a good life for his family. Dad carefully placed his comb on top of his wallet.After so many years, he still organizes his personal items in the same meticulous way. I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.8. What caused the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me?A. Generation gap.B. Dad’s failure in business.C. My ignorance of Dad.D. Dad’s absence from the family.9. Which of the following can best describe Dad?A. Gentle but strict.B. Hardworking and caring.C. Cautious and realistic.D. Demanding but patient.10. Why did Dad ask his daughter to clean his comb before her birthday?A. To give her a lesson.B. To follow his old habit.C. To fix their relationship.D. To praise her helpfulness.11. Which saying concludes the text best?A. Yesterday once more.B. Let bygones be bygones.C. Some things never change.D. Like father, like daughter.DSelf-esteem is an abstract concept, which refers to people’s beliefs about their own worth and value. American psychologist Abraham Maslow thought self-esteem was a basic human need and included self-esteem in his hierarchy of human needs. He described two different forms of “esteem”: the need for respect from others in the form of recognition, success, and admiration, and the need for self-respect in the form of self-love, self-confidence, and skill. Respect from others was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self-esteem. According to Maslow, without the fulfillment of the self-esteem need, individuals will be driven to seek it and unable to grow and obtain self-realization.Basically, high self-esteem is achieved through a series of real accomplishments, which is good for people. However, the excessive high self-esteem, based more on a sense of entitlement than on any accomplishment, is considered to be less psychologically healthy. And just as self-esteem can be too high, it can also be “under-inflated”. Those having poor self-esteem do have a basis for feeling good about themselves but they maynot recognize their accomplishments and actions as meaningful.To appreciate what it would be like to have high self-esteem, one can consider how they may feel about things in their lives that they value. For instance, some people really like cars. They take good care of their cars. They may even decorate the car and then show it off to other people with pride. Similarly, people with high self-esteem love, care for and feel proud of themselves. Take children for example. When they have high self-esteem, they believe they are valuable and important. They enjoy different activities and can handle criticism easily without taking it personally.People need to develop positive self-esteem. This can convince them they deserve happiness. Besides, the development of positive self-esteem increases the capacity to treat other people with respect, thus favoring a variety of interpersonal relationships and avoiding destructive ones.12. What can we infer from Abraham Maslow’s theory about self-esteem?A. Self-esteem ensures us a successful life.B. Self-esteem is essential to self-realization.C. Self-esteem means little to psychological health.D. Others’ respect is more important than self-respect.13. What does the underlined word “under-inflated” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Adequate.B. Insufficient.C. Moderate.D. Lifelong.14. How does the author explain the feelings of having high self-esteem?A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing causes.C. By providing figures.D. By making contrasts.15. Which of the following does the author support?A. Self-esteem ultimately leads to happiness.B. Self-esteem earns you respect from others.C. Positive self-esteem benefits people’s social lives.D. Positive self-esteem helps people out of difficulties.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年高密市第四中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案

2020-2021学年高密市第四中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1.鳞翅目昆虫黄粉蝶的性别决定方式为ZW型，其幼体的黑斑和白斑受Bb基因的控制，皮肤不透明和透明受E、e基因的控制。

一对幼体皮肤不透明而有黑斑的雌雄个体交配，F1中黑斑个体与白斑个体的比例为3∶l，皮肤不透明与透明个体的比例为2∶1，且皮肤透明的幼体全为雌性。

下列有关叙述错误的是（）A.B、b和E、e两对等位基因遵循自由组合定律B.E、e基因位于性染色体上，且基因型Z E Z E致死C.F1中皮肤不透明而有白斑的雄性幼体所占的比例为1/8D.F1中皮肤透明的幼体全为雌性，则雄性亲本基因型为BbZ E Z e2.生长素能促进细胞伸长生长，其作用机理为：生长素通过细胞壁，与细胞膜上的受体结合，通过进一步信号传递促进质子泵基因的表达，质子泵是细胞膜上转运H+的载体，可将H+从膜内运到膜外，使细胞壁酸化，酸化后的细胞壁变得松弛从而有利于伸展。

下列说法正确的是A.细胞伸长生长的过程中体积变化最大的细胞器是液泡B.据题意分析，生长素通过细胞壁的方式是协助扩散C.在幼嫩的芽、叶和发育的种子中，色氨酸经过脱水缩合形成生长素D.生长素与细胞膜上的受体结合的过程体现了细胞膜具有控制物质进出的功能3.某农场面积约140 hm2，农场丰富的植物资源为黑线姬鼠提供了良好的生存条件，鼠大量繁殖吸引鹰前来捕食。

某研究小组采用标志重捕法调查该农场黑线姬鼠的种群密度，第一次捕获了100只，标记后全部放掉，第二次捕获了280只，发现其中有2只带有标记。

下列叙述错误的是（）A. 鹰的迁入率增加会影响黑线姬鼠的种群密度B. 该农场黑线姬鼠种群密度约为100只/hm2C. 由于黑线姬鼠被捕捉一次后再难以捕捉，则实际种群密度比估算结果偏小D. 此调查方法也可用来调查跳蝻的种群密度4.有关细胞质结构与功能的叙述，不正确的是（）A.细胞质基质是细胞内新陈代谢的主要场所B.人体不同组织细胞内各种细胞器的种类和数量都相同C.核糖体是原核细胞与真核细胞细胞质中都具有的细胞器D.细胞中各种细胞器分工合作，保证了细胞生命活动的有序进行5.下列关于生物变异和进化的叙述，错误的是（）A.某植物经X射线处理后未出现新的性状，则没有新基因产生B.自然选择使种群基因频率发生定向改变，并决定生物进化的方向C.外来物种入侵能改变生物进化的速度和方向D.捕食者和被捕食者之间相互选择，共同进化6.红细胞中的血红蛋白可以与O2结合，随血液循环将O2运输至人体各处的细胞，供细胞生命活动利用。

2020-2021学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMirroring body language is a way to bond and to build understanding, It is a powerful tool that we use without even knowing it.The most obvious forms of mirroring are yawning and smiling. When you seesomeone yawn, you are likely to yawn immediately. Smiling is also prettycontagious—seeing a smiling person makes you want to smile too.Mirroring body language is a nonverbal way to say “I am like you, I feel the same”. Research shows that people who experience the same feelings are likely to trust, understand and accept each other.Women have the natural ability to pick up and understand body signals. Therefore, it is not surprising that a woman is more likely to mirror another woman than a man is to mirror another man. That's why women are regarded as better talkers, even if they might not really have more close friends.It is interesting that when a man tries to mirror a woman's body language while she is talking, he may seem to her as caring, intelligent and attractive.Mirroring body language is an excellent way to build trust and understanding quickly. If you want to set up a connection with a new person, mirror his or her gestures, sitting position, tone of voice and talking pace. This will make them feel that there is something about you that they like.While mirroring body language gains you acceptance, you still need to take into consideration your relationship with the person you arc mirroring. If you are in a lower social position and are mirroring the body language of your boss, he will view you as arrogant. However, if you want to defeat those who are trying to prove superior to you, mirroring their body language will help defeat them and change their position.1. What does the underlined word “contagious” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Powerful to show one's feelings.B. Affecting each other.C. Attractive to the others.D. Being gentle to people around.2. When copying others, body language, one usually can ______.A. send wrong messagesB. hide true feelingsC. avoid misunderstandingD. win others, acceptance3. What might happen if you try to mirror your boss's body language?A. You will appear very attractive.B. It will help to soften his position.C. You will seem unacceptably proud.D. It willbe a good way to build trust.BThe Great Barrier Reef's outlook remains “very poor” despite coral (珊瑚) recovery over the past year, Australian government scientistssaid Monday, just days before a UNESCO ruling on the site's world heritage (遗产) status.The United Nations cultural agency recommended last month that the world's largest reef (珊瑚礁) system be placed on its endangered list because of damage to the corals largely caused by climate change.The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) said the corals were now in a “recovery window” after a decade of harmful heat stress and cyclones (旋风). But such opportunities were becoming rarer due to the influence ofclimate change, the government agency, which has monitored the reef for 35 years, said in its annual report released today. “The increasing emergence of climate-related extreme weather events and starfish outbreaks is causing more severe and frequent pressures, giving the reef fewer opportunities like this to recover,”CEO Paul Hardisty said. The scientists surveyed 127 reef sites in 2021 and found hard coral cover had increased at 69 of the 81 locations surveyed in the past two years.Separate scientific research released last October found the 2, 300-kilometre (1, 400 miles) system had lost half its corals since 1995, with a series of ocean heatwaves causing mass coral death.Britta Schaffelke, research program director at AIMS, said the latest findings provided a slight hope that the reef still has the power of recovering. But she added that its future is still very poor because of the dangers of climate change and other factors that are affecting the reef.UNESCO has urged Australia to take urgent climate action but the government has long resisted calls to commit to net zero emissions (排放) by 2050. The government has said it hopes to meet the target “as soon as possible” without harming its economy, insisting dealing with climate change requires a global effort. The reef was worth about US $4. 8 billion a year in tourism for the Australian economy and there are fears that an “in danger” listing could weaken its tourist appeal.4. What is the major cause of the damage to the corals?A. The climate change.B. Lack of money.C. Over development.D. Too many tourists.5. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A. The result of the survey.B. The efforts AIMS has made.C. The slight chance of the recovery.D. The terrible situation of the climate.6. What is Britta Schaffelke's attitude towards the future of the reef?A. Unclear.B. Positive.C Intolerant. D. Anxious.7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Australia wants to put the reef on the endangered list.B. The Australian government has ignored UNESCO's demand.C. Australia hopes to keep a balance between emission target and its economy.D. The Australian government refuses to take its share of responsibility of climate change.CElonMusk is a symbol of passion, hard work and success. A person may work hard in his life, but when hard work goes along with passion and a new idea, then something is created that astonishes the world. As the founder of big companies like PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla Motors, Elon Musk is a guide and inspiration for the youth around the world.Elon Musk was born on June 28,1971 inPretoria,South Africa. He was the eldest of three children. His father Errol Musk, a British-born South African, was an engineer. Musk spent his childhood inSouth Africaand at the age of 9, he got his first personal computer. This got Elon interested in programming and he started to learn on his own. At the age of 12, he made his first computer game, Blaster, which earned him $500 when he sold the source code to a magazine.When he was 17, he decided to leave home and had wanted to move to theUnited Statesafter graduating from a secondary school inPretoria. However, he was unable to move to theUnited States. In 1989, Elon Musk moved toCanada, where his mother’s s lived. After obtaining Canadian citizenship, Musk went toMontreal. Due to a lack of money, he found a low-paying job. At the age of 19, he enteredQueensUniversityinKingston,Ontario, studying there for two years. Finally, in 1992, his dream came true—he moved to theUnited States.As a teenager, Musk struggled with depression. But then he realized that the most important thing was presenting himself with the right questions. The day he started doing this, everything started to get easier.Musk thought that a human being had to expand the limits of his consciousness—to ask the right questions and get answers to them; thus he asked the best question of all: what will have the greatest impact on the futureof humans? Musk found that these things were the Internet and space exploration.The life of Elon Musk is inspiring. He found success on the Internet, without much formal learning. By reading books and using his willpower and dedication, he reached a level of knowledge that is difficult to imagine. He did not give up until he achieved his dreams. Elon Musk truly stands out among other billionaires because of his leadership abilities, positive attitude, ability to know when to take risks, and belief in futuristic technologies.8. According to the passage, Elon Musk gained knowledge of computer by ________.A. teaching himselfB. learning from his fatherC. taking online coursesD. studying inQueensUniversity9. What made things easier for Elon Musk when he suffered from depression?A. Expanding knowledge by reading books.B. Asking himself the right questions.C. Achieving success on the Internet.D. Designing computer games.10. What can we learn from the passage?A. It’s never too late to learn.B. Youth means limitless possibilities.C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.D. He who doesn’t advance falls backward.11. Which words can best describe Elon Musk according to the passage?A. Optimistic and generous.B. Ambitious and determined.C. Independent and helpful.D. Adventurous and realistic.DMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicyfood six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.12. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous13. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition14. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.15. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chilies第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届高密市第四中学高三生物上学期期中试卷及参考答案

2020届高密市第四中学高三生物上学期期中试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列有关根尖分生区细胞的叙述，正确的是（）A.根尖分生区细胞呈正方形，排列疏松B.中心体在细胞分裂前期会移向细胞两极C.分裂过程中会发生染色体变异和基因重组D.能产生A TP的结构有细胞质基质和线粒体2. 图中A、B、C表示环境条件差异较大、存在地理隔离的三个地区，A地区某种群部分个体迁移至B、C 地区（t1、t2表示不同时期），经长期进化逐渐形成两个新物种乙、丙。

下列叙述错误的是（）A.留居在A地区甲种群的基因频率也将发生改变B.乙、丙两物种的形成经历了从地理隔离到生殖隔离的过程C.乙、丙新物种的形成是两地不同自然环境选择的结果D.乙、丙新物种的形成是甲、乙、丙物种间协同进化的结果3. 人类色盲有红绿色盲和蓝色盲，如图为某家族遗传系谱图，下列相关叙述正确的是（）A.蓝色盲与红绿色盲的遗传不遵循自由组合定律B.Ⅲ4和Ⅲ5再生一个只患一种病男孩的概率为1/2C. Ⅲ3细胞中的致病基因至少有一个来自Ⅲ5D.Ⅲ1与Ⅲ2生出患病孩子Ⅲ1与基因重组有关4. 稳态是生命系统的特征，是生命科学的基本概念。

下列有关稳态的叙述，错误的是（）A.镰刀型细胞贫血症会引发人体内环境稳态失调B.甲型流感病毒的入侵可能会破坏人体内环境稳态C.Na+大量进入神经细胞不利于维持内环境稳态的平衡D.在生命系统的各个层次上，都普遍存在着稳态的现象5. 科学工作者运用不同的研究方法研究生命的奥秘。

下列科学研究过程与主要研究方法对应错误的是（）A.达尔文依据大量的事例得出进化论——完全归纳法B.巴甫洛夫研究条件反射的建立——实验法C.列文虎克利用显微镜首先发现活细胞——观察法D.用3D打印技术制作细胞结构模型——模型建构法6. 下列关于人体骨骼肌细胞厌氧呼吸的叙述，错误的是（）A.产生的乳酸运至肝脏后可再生成葡萄糖B.厌氧呼吸只有第一阶段有[H]的产生C.剧烈运动时细胞产生的CO2比例明显增加D.可通过厌氧呼吸快速利用有机物产生ATP，短时间内维持生命活动7. 已知某基因不在Y染色体上，为了鉴定所研究的基因位于常染色体还是X染色体，不能用下列哪种杂交方法( )A．隐性雌个体与显性雄个体交配B．隐性雌个体或杂合显性雌性个体与纯合显性雄性个体杂交C．显性雌个体与隐性雄个体杂交D．杂合显性雌性个体与(杂合)显性雄性个体杂交8. 神经递质分为兴奋性神经递质与抑制性神经递质两种，乙酰胆碱就是一种兴奋性神经递质，去甲肾上腺素是一种抑制性神经递质。

2020届高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案

2020届高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AVail Marriott Mountain ResortVail Winter Weather GuideCovered in grand mountains，flashing lights and snowy pines, Vail is perfect for explorers and people who love adventures alike. Whether skiing down the slopes for the first time or the hundredth, this guide will ensure that you're ready for everything this city has to offer.Best Time to VacationDecember through to March tends to be the best time for those interested in skiing down the slopes in style.Know Before You GoMake the necessary preparations and reservations in advance：• Ski and Snowboard Rentals（租赁）：Don't have your own equipment! Vail Sports rents out a variety of skis and snowboards for all ages and abilities, as well as snow shoes and helmets.• Clothing Rentals：For those not interested in purchasing hundreds of dollars of ski clothing for one vacation. Mountain Threads has a rental program just for you, where you can get mountain necessities like coats, pants and goggles（护目镜）.• Suncream：You might not think about getting sunburn, but it happens to skiers and snowboarders every day.• Difficulty levels：It's important to know what level you're at before jumping on a ski lift and heading up the mountain. Use a free trail map and plan the slopes you're going to ski down ahead of time based on the following levels you'll find up the mountain：• Green Circle：These are the easiest slopes.• Blue Square：These indicate average to medium levels.• Black Diamond：The most advanced slopes. Some mountains will feature double black diamonds, indicating even higher difficulty.While Vail is famous for snow sports, you'll find plenty of other fun things to do once the sun goes down or you are tired. Explore the rest of our website for more information!1. When is the best time to visit Vail if you like skiing?A. In March, April June and DecemberB. In December, February, April and MarchC. In January, February, March and DecemberD. In September, October, November and December2. Before you go to the Vail Marriott Mountain Resort, you will have to take ________with you.A. helmetsB. gogglesC. suncreamD. a trail map3. What will a skiing beginner who wants to enjoy himself prefer to choose?A. Blue SquareB. Black DiamondC Double Black Diamonds D. Green CircleBPeople from Britain and Ireland first came to live in Australia in 1788. They brought different dialects (方言) of English with them. These different kinds of English began to mix and change. The newcomers soon began to speak with their own typical accent (口音) and vocabulary. More and more people came to Australia during the Gold Rush in the 19th and 20th centuries. Some came from Britain and Ireland; others came from non-English speaking countries. Australian English continued to grow and change.Australian English has also been influenced by American English. During the Second World War, there were many American soldiers staying in Australia. More importantly, American television shows and music have been popular in Australia since the 1950s.Australians use many words that other English speakers do not use. The famous Australian greeting, for example, is G’day! A native forest is called the bush and central Australia is called the outback. Many words were brought to Australia from Britain and Ireland. For example, mate means “friend”, and it is still used in Britain. Some of these words have changed in meaning. Some words have come from Australian original languages, many of which are names for animals, plants and places, like dingo and kangaroo.Australian spelling comes from British spelling. In words like organise and realise, -ise is the expected and taught spelling method. In words like colour, favourite, -ouris the normal, but nouns such as the Labor Party and Victor Harbor are spelled with -or. Program, on the other hand, is more common than programme.There are also differences in the definition (定义) of words Australians use in different parts of the country. For example, football means “rugby” in New South Wales and Queensland, but “Australian rules football" ineverywhere else in Australia. In New South Wales, a swimming costume is called a cossie or swimmers, while in Queensland it is called togs and bathers in Victoria.4. What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about?A. Reasons why English is important.B. Different dialects of Australian English.C. Various aspects that Australian English has been influenced.D. Changes of the accent and vocabulary in English.5. According to the text, which of the following is spoken only by Australians?A. Mate.B. Outback.C. Program.D. Rugby.6. Which is the following can best describe Australian English?A. Confusing and interesting.B. Multicultural and creative.C. Crazy and boring.D. Unchangeable and mixed.7. What might be the best title for the text?A. The History of AustraliaB. The Birth of Australian EnglishC. The Development of Australian EnglishD Different Kinds of English Across the WorldCCigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smoked. Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hours alone, scientists say a used cigarette end will produce 14 percent of the nicotine (尼古丁) that an actively burning cigarette would produce.While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out,an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.“I was ly surprised,” since environmental engineer Dustin Poppendieck from the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). “The numbers are significant and could have important impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indoors or in cars. While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigaretteend of the matter.”To measure emissions (排放) from this forgotten thing, Poppendieck and his team placed 2,100 cigarettes that were recently put out inside a special room. Once the ends weresealed away, the team measured eight chemicals commonly produced by cigarettes, four of which the FDA have their eye on for being harmful or potentially so.After setting the room’s temperature, the researchers tested how emissions changed under certain conditions. When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days ata time, especially in the heat.8. What do the researchers say about cigarette ends?A They contain little nicotine.B. They produce no nicotine five days later.C. They give off nicotine for days.D. They create as much nicotine as burning cigarettes.9. What do Poppendieck’s words suggest?A. First-hand smoking does most harm.B. The findings are within his expectation.C. Cigarettes should be dealt with indoors.D. Health influence of cigarette ends is ignored.10. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to not cleaning ashtrays for days?A. Unclear.B. Disapproving.C. Unconcerned.D. Puzzled.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful ChemicalsB. Cigarettes Are More Harmful While Being SmokedC. Research Found Reasons For Cigarette Ends’ HarmD. Cigarette Ends Produce More Chemicals in the HeatDMany teens may feel anxious sometimes. It’s the kind of nervousness that makes you bite your nails before a big test. We spend more time online than we should. We feel good about ourselves or bad based on how many Likes and Followers we get on social media. Young people are developing a false view of life.On the screen, we see what people want to show us. People usually only post photos where they are looking their best. They are surrounded by friends and seem that they are having a great time. No one seems sad or lonely. In short, life isfabulous. But sooner or later, our young people compare their real life to it. They find that theirs doesn’t seem as fun or exciting and grow worried that they may be missing out.No wonder teachers are reporting more anxious students. It’s reported that a lot more college students feel ―overwhelming anxiety. The percentage jumped from 50% in 2011 to 62% in 2016. Anxiety is now the most common mental-health problem in my country. It affects nearly one-third of teens and adults.Certainly, we can’t blame it on social media alone. We expect toomuch from our children and a lot of these expectations aren’t reasonable. Their schedules are packed with sports, clubs and homework. They don’t have enough free time. We want our children to succeed, and we don’t care how much it costs.As parents, we must have more balance. On one hand, we push too hard, and on the other hand, we make life too easy for children. We shouldn’t and can’t promise our children that they will always be happy. We shouldn’t try to protect them from the problems of everyday life. Let them solve the problems in person.12. What is the text mainly about?A. What causes teens’ nervousness.B. How to deal with teens’ anxiety.C. What a view of life means to people.D. How to treat social media appropriately.13. What does the underlined word “fabulous” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Wonderful.B. Encouraging.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.14. Why does the author mention the numbers in paragraph 3?A. To draw teachers’ attention.B. To show teachers’ mental problems.C. To present the seriousness of teens’ anxiety.D. To show adults have more problems than teens.15. What should parents do to help their children out?A. Try to meet their expectations.B. Help them with their homework.C. Give them more free time to play sports.D. Allow them to solve their own problems in life.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2020年高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMarch means spring inSt. Louis. The city hosts plenty of events — both indoor and outdoor — that make March a perfect crowd-free month to visit. You may even want to plan your trip around it.See the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi GrasPHONE +1314-577-0888In the Butterfly House inFaustPark, thousands of bright blue butterflies are on display. These butterflies — types found mostly in South America, Mexico, and Central America — include over 29 different species and 147 subspecies(亚种）, making the venue a wonderful place for kids, as they can learn about the critical role butterflies play in nature.Enjoy March Madness with Arch MadnessPHONE +1314-622-5400March is the best time of the year for basketball fans. The action inSt. Louisbegins with March Madness, the Missouri Valley Conference Tournament. Games take place during the first week in March at theScottradeCenter.Catch a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway ShowPHONE +1314-534-1111Each month, the Fabulous Fox Theatre hosts a variety of touring Broadway shows. And while tickets are slightly cheaper than that inNew York City, the quality of the performances doesn’t lack one bit. Check the schedule and buy tickets ahead of time, as the shows generally fill the venue.Celebrate World Eagle Day at the World Bird SanctuaryPHONE +1636-225-4390World Eagle Day is celebrated with live eagle presentations, educational activities and games. Learn aboutAmerica’s national symbol, as well as other foreign species. Get your photo taken with your favorite bird or adopt an eagle.1. Which of the following is attractive to kids?A. Seeing the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi Gras.B. Enjoying March Madness with Arch Madness.C. Catching a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway Show.D. Celebrating World Eagle Day at the World Bird Sanctuary.2. If you are a basketball fan, you can call________.A. +1314-577-0888B. +1314-622-5400C. +1314-534-1111D. +1636-225-43903. Why does the author recommend the Fabulous Fox Theatre?A. It is one of the branches of Broadway.B. It isnot far away fromNew York City.C. It doesn't charge the audience for tickets.D. It provides wonderful shows with cheaper tickets.BThe idea came to him when he least expected it. Alvin Irby was at a barbershop when he saw one of his former students sitting in the shop with a bored look on his face. That’s when Irby realized that by pairing barbershops and books, he might be able to inspire young boys to read.Alvin Irby, a former kindergarten and first-grade teacher, knows how important it is for young children to read. He also knows that young boys in particular often don’t have adult male role models who inspire them to read. “Many young boys may literally never see a man reading in school during the years when they’re learning to read because there are so few male elementary school teachers,” Irby toldMashable.That’s where the barbershops come in. Four years ago, Irby launched Barbershop Books as a way to not just get books into the hands of young boys, but also to create community reading spaces in a place where kids go frequently. Since itsinceptionin 2013, the program has created kid-friendly reading spaces in 50 barbershops in 12 states throughout the United States.Irby isn’t the first person to see the connection between barbershops and books and boys. Hair stylist Courtney Holmes, launched a program a few years ago offering free haircuts to kids as long as they read to him while he cuts their hair.That’s the kind of environment that Irby wants to promote with his program. The reading spaces created by Barbershop Books help to spark an interest in books by showing kids that reading is about more than just spelling and vocabulary skills, it’s about making reading a low-stress activity that can help them relax, laugh and have fun.“Our belief is that if we can create positive reading experiences early and often for young boys, then they will choose to read for fun,” Irby noted, adding, “This is really what Barbershop Books is about, getting young boys tosay three words: I’m a reader.”4. What happened to Alvin when he was at a barbershop?A. He found it easy for young people to get bored.B. He offered a barbershop to his former student.C. He thought of a way to encourage young readers.D. He realized the importance of reading for young boys.5. What is the function of Barbershop Books?A. To attract more customers who love films.B. To provide free haircuts to book lovers.C. To show the influence of reading on children.D. To create a reading environment fbr children.6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. reading is a low-stress activity that is relaxingB. Barbershop Books is only suitable for young boysC. Irby attaches great importance to school educationD. Barbershop Books can arouse (引起) young people’s interest in reading7. What does the underlined word “inception” in the 3rdparagraph mean?A. discovery.B. success.C. popularity.D. beginning.CWhen I was a kid, my mom set aside some breakfast food for supper every nowand then. I remember one night after a long, hard day at work, my mom placed a plate of eggs, sausage, and a plate of extremely burnt biscuits on the table. I waited to see if my dad would get annoyed.All my dad did was to reach for the biscuits, smile at my mom and ask me how my day at school had been. I don't remember what I told him that night but I do remember watching him add butter and jelly on that ugly burnt biscuit and ate every bite of that thing. He never made a face nor uttered a word about it!When I rose from the table that evening, I remember hearing my mom apologize to my dad for overcooking the biscuits and I will never forget what he said, “Honey, I love burnt biscuits every now and then."Later that night, I went to say good night to my daddy, and I wondered if he really liked his biscuits burnt. He wrapped me up in his arms and said gently, "Your mom put in a hard day at work today and she is really tired.Besides, a little burnt biscuit never hurt anyone!As I have grown older, I've thought about that many times. Life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people. Learning to accept each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's differences contribute to a healthy, growing, and lasting relationship. We could extend this philosophy to any relationship, such as a husband-wife, parent-child, or friendship. Don't put the key to your happiness in someone else's pocket. Keep it in your own. So, please pass me a biscuit, and yes, the burnt one will do just fine.8. How did the author's dad react to the burnt biscuit?A. He set it aside for breakfast.B. He ate butter and jelly instead.C. He uttered his complaints loudly.D. He ate it up as if nothing happened.9. Which of the following words can best describe the author's dad?A. Caring.B. Determined.C. ProudD. Hardworking.10. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?A. Show understanding to imperfect things.B. Ask the children to respect their parents.C. Enjoy the over-cooked biscuits willingly.D. Make important decisions on your own.11. In which section of a magazine may this passage appear?A. History and culture.B. Family and relationship.C. Cuisine and health.D. Entertainment and sports.DPlease take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you’re going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn’t it feel good to say it out loud? Don’t you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges(认可) it, psychologists have found it’s called a “social reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it’s already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you’re less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary. Thisgoes againstthe traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a Professor of Psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment(许诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn’t. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.12. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Completion of the goal.B. Necessary hard work.C. People's acknowledgement.D. A sense of satisfaction.13. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.B. Achieving personal goal needs more time.C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.14. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people’s goal?A. By giving figures.B. By giving examples.C. By making a survey.D. By making comparison tests.15. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?A. You will be more confident.B. You will not gain satisfaction.C. You are less likely to realize it.D. You’ll be much moremotivated.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案

2020届高密市第四中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALooking to the future, we are now focusing on next year's tours. We are not presently taking bookings, but if a specific tour lifts your spirits, why not mark your interest and we will contact you when the time is right.JapanOctober 2021A centre for technology with natural beauty, Japan is a must-see destination for science and nature lovers. Join us on a special journey across the country during its fantastic autumn to see its amazing landscapes, visit leading scientific institutions and experience robotics and AI.AntarcticaApril to September 2021Join us aboard the Magellan Explorer for an exciting adventure to South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula, exploring the world's largest ocean reserve and best ocean ecosystem. Follow in the footstepsof the great scientists while marveling（惊叹）at icebergs, ancient glaciers and ice flies onto volcanic beaches.ItalyMarch and June 2021Encounter the great scientific minds and discoveries of the Renaissance on a cultural adventure across two of its cities, Florence and Bologna. Enjoy beautiful surroundings as you take in the wonderful collections, buildings and churches that demonstrate the period across architecture and paintings.Czech RepublicMay and July 2021Discover the legacy（遗产）of Kepler and Brahe in Prague, a city where astronomy, maths, medicine and architecture connect. Kepler became the father of modern astronomy supported by the observational data from Brahe.1. What can travelers do in Japan?A. Experience space travel.B. Enjoy its spring landscape.C. Visit its scientific institutions .D. Learn about its traditional culture.2. Which of the following can you choose if you are free in August?A. Japan.B. Italy.C. Antarctica.D. Czech Republic .3. What do Italy and Czech Republic havein common?A. Astronomy.B. Architecture.C. Paintings.D. Medicine .BSonja Redding and her family were on their way home to Omaha, Nebraska, after a weeklong visit to Washington, D. C. with her two sons, one of whom, 5-year-old Xayvior, has autism(自闭症).Although all of the other flights had gone fine, Xayvior became angry during one of the flights, and Redding couldn’t calm him.“It felt like everyone on the plane was looking at us and got angry with my son, ” she wrote in a Facebook post after she got home. “I don’t know what to do when others just don’t understand that he is not just a kid with no discipline(自制力)，but a child with special needs who doesn’t know how to control himself.”The day was saved by Delta flight attendant(空乘人员)Amanda Amburgy. She tried to help Xayvior watch a movie, but when that failed, she offered to take him on a tour of the airplane.That worked, and soon the child was not only calm, but having a good time.“When they came back, Xayvior was much calmer and happier,” wrote Redding in the post，which now has 2,700 likes and over 500 shares. “I want to thank this Delta attendant. She didn’t judge, and she just showed love. We need more people like this in the world. ”It wasn’t long before Amburgy was told about the post.“ We’re there to help, and that’s what we want to do,” she said in an interview. “So, we always want to make anything easier for the family as well as other passengers.”She also shared what she felt when she read Redding’s story. “When I read it, it touched my heart. It’s something I would do for anyone on the plane, because that’s what I’m here for. It really made a difference in her life.”4. How did Redding feel on the plane?A. Tired.B. Uncomfortable.C. Very angry.D. Deeply afraid.5. What did Amburgy do to help the family?A. She asked the family to stay beside her.B. She asked the other passengers for help.C. She tried her best to calm the boy.D. She helped look after the other boy.6. Why did Redding post the story?A. To show her thanks.B. To help kids with autism.C. To get in touch with Amburgy.D. To share her travel experience.7. Which of the following words can best describe Amburgy?A. Proud.B. Honest.C. Hard-working.D. Warm-hearted.CWhen I was seven my father gave me a Timex, my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped ticking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t need one. I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these devices (装置) tell the time — which is why, if you look around, you’ll see lots of empty wrists; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007. This is ridiculous. Expensive cars go faster than cheap cars. Expensive clothes hang better than cheap clothes. But these days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches come with extra functions — but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your direction in the area around the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow you to do these things?If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have closed down when the Japanese discovered how to make accurate watches for a five-pound note. Instead the Swiss reinvented the watch, with the aid of millions of pounds’ worth of advertising, as a message about the man wearing it. Rolexes are for those who spend their weekends climbing icy mountains; a Patek Philippe is for one from a rich or noble family; a Breitling suggests you like to pilot planesacross the world.Watches are now classified as “investments” (投资). A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £ 350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from £ 15,000 to £ 30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a toy forself-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when fashion moves on, the owner of that £ 350,000 beauty will suddenly find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my childhood Times.8. The author don’t need another watch because ________.A. he don’t like wearing a watchB. he has mobile phone and can ask someone for helpC. he has no sense of timeD. he thinks watches too expensive9. It seems ridiculous to the writer that________.A. expensive watches with unnecessary functions still sellB. expensive clothes sell better than cheap onesC. cheap cars don’t run as fast as expensive onesD. people dive 300 metres into the sea10. What can be learnt about Swiss watch industry from the passage?A. It wastes a huge amount of money in advertising.B. It’s hard for the industry to beat its competitors.C. It targets rich people as its potential customers.D. It’s easy for theindustry to reinvent cheap watches.11. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Timex or Rolex?B. My Childhood TimexC. Watches? Not for Me!D. Watches----a Valuable CollectionDAs a basic food in the Asian diet，soybeans（大豆）have been used to make tofu and soy milk for hundreds of years．But now，they are also being turned into an alternative to plastic wrap．William Chen，a professor of foodscience and technology at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University，invented the environmentally﹣friendly food wrap．It's made of cellulose（纤维素），a form of fiber，obtained from the waste generated by soy bean product producers．The beans are pressed tosqueeze out juice that's used to make tofu and soy milk．And what's left is usually thrown away，but Chen takes the waste and puts it through a fermentation（发酵）process，during which cellulose is produced．Cellulose﹣based plastic wraps have been on the market for a few years，but Chen says that most are madefrom wood or corn，grown for that purpose．By contrast，his wrap is made from a waste product，which doesn't compete with other crops for land and is more sustainable．Chen's technology could help to solve two problems at once：cutting plastic production and reducing the amount of food waste．"In Singapore，the amount of food waste generated every year could fill up 15，000 Olympic﹣sized swimming pools，" Chen says．F&N，a soy﹣based drinks producer，has partnered with Chen's lab and provides the product，straight from the factory．The company is conducting a study to assess whether the food wrap could complete commercially with conventional products．Chen adds，"The soy﹣based wrap costs almost nothing to makein the lab because the raw materials are free．Commercial production would involve additional expenses，such as storage and quality control，however，we have not calculated those costs yet．"Chen hopes neighboring soy﹣loving countries will be inspired bySingapore to adopt his innovation．"My dream is that our technology，which is cheap and simple，will cut plastic and food waste and create a cleaner environment，" Chen says．12. What is the second paragraph mainly about？A. The introduction to William Chen．B. The process of producing soy milk．C. The way to make soy﹣based wrap．D. The benefit of eating soy products．13. What's the biggest difference of Chen's wrap from other cellulose﹣based plastic wraps？A. It saves land for industry．B. It's more easilybroken down．C. It is made from the food waste．D. It has been put into practice for many years．14. What will commercial production of the food wrap cause？A. A lack of competitiveness．B. Poor quality of the wraps．C. A shortage of raw material．D. An increase in production costs．15. From which is the text probably taken？A. A personal diary．B. A travel guide．C. A book review．D. A scientific magazine．第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年高密市第四中学高三语文上学期期中考试试题及答案

2020年高密市第四中学高三语文上学期期中考试试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

将中国小说的传统重新擦亮在漫长的发展过程中，中国小说形成了有别于西方的传统。

中国小说在演进过程中形成了自身的叙事传统，比如说潜在的“四季结构”。

西方文学中的长篇虚构叙事，从史诗发展而来，因此非常重视叙述一个完整的事件，即叙述一个开头、发展、结尾过程俱全的故事。

“结构的完整性”往往成为评价一部西方长篇小说的标准。

中国小说也注重讲故事，但往往不是紧紧围绕着小说主人公，包含了故事的发展和高潮的严密的叙事结构，而是在故事的结构之外，常常还有另一重潜在的结构，比如明清长篇小说中的“四季”，或者说“季节的转换”。

以《红楼梦》为例。

“四季”具有对应人物、家族命运的叙事功能，同时小说虽然以宝黛的情感发展线索重点写了几大事件，但还有一个潜在的结构，便是“季节的转换”。

在此基础上，写庆寿、看戏、结社、消夏、过冬，以及一应的衣饰、食物。

一部《红楼梦》，不过写几年的春去秋来，便写出了中国人“恒常”的人生与面对自然的心灵世界。

而在这“恒常”的底色之上，作者写出世事、命运的“无常”，增加了悲剧感。

“四季”这一潜在的结构方式很少受到当代写作者的重视。

“四季”代表的是“日常”“恒常”，代表一种自然、复沓之美，代表编织其中的中国人的文化和精神。

而当下的一些小说，具体的故事情节背后，往往是时代的背景和宏大的思想框架，与“四季”的旨趣相去甚远。

而先锋浪潮中，西方现代与后现代的文学技巧轮番上演，小说的主体不再是故事、人物，有时甚至只是叙事行为，更是与之南辕北辙。

另外，中国小说特别是白话小说中常常使用对话来表现人物，通过语言使人物的个性鲜活生动、跃然纸上，对话甚至用来表现故事。

美国汉学家浦安迪观察到，中国的主流文学，“言”往往重于“事”，“事”常常被“非事”打断。

也就是说，西方文学更重“事”，小说注重描写事件的发展过程。