初中数学总复习:《整式的乘除》基础练习题
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初中数学总复习:《整式的乘除》基础练习题
(一)填空题(每小题2分,共计20分)
1.x 10=(-x 3)2·_________=x 12÷x
( 2.4(m -n )3÷(n -m )2=___________.
3.-x 2·(-x )3·(-x )2=__________.
4.(2a -b )()=b 2-4a 2.
5.(a -b )2=(a +b )2+_____________.
6.(3
1)-2+0=_________;4101×=__________. 7.2032×193
1=( )·( )=___________. 8.用科学记数法表示-=___________.
9.(x -2y +1)(x -2y -1)2=( )2-( )2=_______________.
10.若(x +5)(x -7)=x 2+mx +n ,则m =__________,n =________.
(二)选择题(每小题2分,共计16分)
11.下列计算中正确的是…………………………………………………………………( )
(A )a n ·a 2=a 2n (B )(a 3)2=a 5 (C )x 4·x 3·x =x 7 (D )a 2n -3÷a 3-n =a 3n -6
12.x 2m +1可写作…………………………………………………………………………( ) (A )(x 2)m +1 (B )(x m )2+1 (C )x ·x 2m (D )(x m )m +1.
13.下列运算正确的是………………………………………………………………( )
(A )(-2ab )·(-3ab )3=-54a 4b 4
(B )5x 2·(3x 3)2=15x 12
(C )(-)·(-10b 2)3=-b 7
(D )(2×10n )(
2
1×10n )=102n 14.化简(a n b m )n ,结果正确的是………………………………………………………( ) (A )a 2n b mn (B )n m n b a 2 (C )mn n b a 2 (D )n m n b a 2
15.若a ≠b ,下列各式中不能成立的是………………………………………………( )
(A )(a +b )2=(-a -b )2 (B )(a +b )(a -b )=(b +a )(b -a )
(C )(a -b )2n =(b -a )2n (D )(a -b )3=(b -a )3
16.下列各组数中,互为相反数的是……………………………………………………( )
(A )(-2)-3与23 (B )(-2)-2与2
-2 (C )-33与(-31)3 (D )(-3)-3与(3
1)3 17.下列各式中正确的是………………………………………………………………( )
(A )(a +4)(a -4)=a 2-4 (B )(5x -1)(1-5x )=25x 2-1
(C )(-3x +2)2=4-12x +9x 2 (D )(x -3)(x -9)=x 2-27
18.如果x 2-kx -ab =(x -a )(x +b ),则k 应为…………………………………( )
(A )a +b (B )a -b (C )b -a (D )-a -b
(三)计算(每题4分,共24分)
19.(1)(-3xy 2)3·(
6
1x 3y )2;
(2)4a 2x 2·(-52a 4x 3y 3)÷(-2
1a 5xy 2);
(3)(2a -3b )2(2a +3b )2;
(4)(2x +5y )(2x -5y )(-4x 2-25y 2);
(5)(20a n -2b n -14a n -1b n +1+8a 2n b )÷(-2a n -3b );(6)(x -3)(2x +1)-3(2x -1)2.
20.用简便方法计算:(每小题3分,共9分)
(1)982;
(2)899×901+1;
(3)(7
10)2002·()1000.
(四)解答题(每题6分,共24分)
21.已知a 2+6a +b 2-10b +34=0,求代数式(2a +b )(3a -2b )+4ab 的值.
22.已知a +b =5,ab =7,求2
2
2b a +,a 2-ab +b 2的值.
23.已知(a +b )2=10,(a -b )2=2,求a 2+b 2,ab 的值.
24.已知a 2+b 2+c 2=ab +bc +ac ,求证a =b =c .
(五)解方程组与不等式(25题3分,26题4分,共7分)
25.⎩⎨⎧+=-+=+-++.
3)3)(4(0)2()5)(1(xy y x y x y x
26.(x +1)(x 2-x +1)-x (x -1)2<(2x -1)(x -3).
(一)填空题(每小题2分,共计20分)
1.【答案】x 4;2.
2.【答案】4(m-n ).
3.【答案】x 7.
4.【答案】-2a -b .
5.【答案】-4ab .
6.【答案】10;16.
7.【答案】20+32,20-32,3999
5. 8.【答案】-×10-5.
9.【答案】x -2y ,1x 2-4xy +4y .
10【答案】-2,35.
(二)选择题(每小题2分,共计16分)
11【答案】D .12.【答案】C .13.答案】D .14.【答案】C .15.【答案】B . 16。【答案】D .17.【答案】C .18.【答案】B .
(三)计算(每题4分,共24分)
19.(1)【答案】-4
3x 9y 8. (2)【答案】5
16ax 4y . (3)【答案】16a 4-72a 2b 2+81b 4.
(4)【答案】625y 4-16x 4.
(5)【答案】-10ab n -1+7a 2b n -4a n +3.
(6)【答案】-10x 2+7x -6.
20.用简便方法计算:(每小题3分,共9分)
(1)【答案】(100-2)2=9604.
(2)【答案】(900-1)(900+1)+1=9002=810000.
(3)【答案】(710)2·(710)2000·()2000=49
100. (四)解答题(每题6分,共24分)
21.【提示】配方:(a +3)2+(b -5)2=0,a =-3,b =5,
【答案】-41.
22.【答案】222b a +=21[(a +b )2-2ab ]=21(a +b )2-ab =2
11. a 2-ab +b 2=(a +b )2-3ab =4.
23.【答案】a 2+b 2=2
1[(a +b )2+(a -b )2]=6, ab =4
1[(a +b )2+(a -b )2]=2. 24.【答案】用配方法,a 2+b 2+c 2-ab -bc -ac =0,∴ 2(a 2+b 2+c 2-ab -ac -bc )
=0,
即(a -b )2+(b -c )2+(c -a )2=0.∴ a =b =c .
(五)解方程组与不等式(25题3分,26题4分,共7分)
25.【答案】⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=.
237y x