上海市复旦附中2018-2019学年高一上学期开学考英语试题
【开学初试卷】2018-2019学年高一开学考试英语试题-Word版含解析
2018-2019学年高一开学考试英语试题一、完形填空（共10小题，满分10分，每小题1分）More than 700 years ago，Scotland was fighting with England.The king of England wanted to___36___ Scotland.He had a strong army so it was ___37___ for the Scots to fight.They lost many times，King Robert of Scotland had to run from the English army.One rainy day，King Robert lay in an old house.He thought that he was not good enough to be king.He was so ___38___ that he didn't even see a spider（蜘蛛）near him.He ___39___ when he saw the spider climbing.It was trying to climb up its web at the top of the house but it fell down."How sad," thought King Robert."The spider is like me.It's not ___40___ enough."He watched while the spider climbed up again.It fell down a second time."Be careful，little spider，or you might die，"he said."Life is so hard.You'll never get back to your web."But the spider ___41___ again and again.King Robert watched while it ___42___ climbed back to its web.After an hour，the spider got to the web."You are such a great ___43___，"he said."If you can keep trying.I can too.I must keep on fighting.I won't let the English win."His ___44___ grew strong and they ___45___ the English army.Scotland was free.Nobody knows if this is a true story.Many parents tell it to their children because they want them to keep trying.36. A. leave B. control C. help D. visit37. A. interesting B. difficult C. important D. necessary38. A. surprised B. bored C. worried D. lonely39. A. looked ahead B. looked out C. looked on D. looked up40. A. old B. strong C. fast D. free41. A. tried B. fell C. practiced D. cheered42. A. finally B. easily C. slowly D. suddenly43. A. player B. fighter C. soldier D. spider44. A. army B. feeling C. opinions D. family45. A. kept B. raised C. stopped D. joined【答案】36. B 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，苏格兰国外罗伯特多次被英格兰打败，受到一只蜘蛛的鼓励，他东山再起，最终打败了英格兰军队，苏格兰取得了独立。
18学年上学期高一开学考试英语试题(附答案)
高一第一学期开学考试英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A．￡19.15. B．￡9.15. C．￡9.18.答案是B。
1．Why does the man move to New York?A．To work there. B．To look after parents. C．To make a trip.2．What are the two speakers talking about?A．Buying a TV. B．TV channel. C．Sports meet.3．Why will the woman leave before eleven?A．To buy something. B．To make a work plan. C．To go home.4．What was the man doing at the moment?A．He was listening to the radio.B．He was writing something.C．He was reading a book.5．What is the weather like today?A．It’s rainy.B．It’s sunny.C．It’s cloudy.第二节（共15个小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间来阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
高中英语真题：学2018-2019学年高一英语上学期入学考试试题_1
学2018-2019学年高一英语上学期入学考试试题考试时间：120分钟满分：120分注意事项：本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分，请将答案写在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷上无效。
第一部分听力（共二节，满分20分）第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the man feel about the movie?A. It is excellent.B. It is romantic.C. It is unreal.2. Where does the man live?A. In Washington.B. In New York.C. In Boston.3. What does the man mean?A. He wants to go to the mountains.B. He doesn’t want to go anywhere.C. It’s hot in the mountains.4. What do we know about the woman’s hometown?A. It’s a big town.B. It never snows.C. It’s cool all year round.5. What kind of music does the woman like best?A. Rock music.B. Jazz music.C. Classical music.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2018-2019学年上外附中高一上英语10月周测试卷(含答案)
2018学年上外高一weekly 10.25Ⅱ. Choice:15%17.Up ______when the country declared war on its neighboring country.A. the oil price wentB. Went the oil pricesC .did the oil prices go D. would the oil prices go18.The dying patient, with all his family_____ around him, ______still in bed ,his mouth occasionally moving a little bit ,as if to say something.A. gathering, lainB. gathering, layC.to gather, laidD. gathered ,laid19.Darigton never regretted ______to attend the party, for she did not like it at all.A. not to be invitedB. being not invitedC. having not be invitedD. not having be invited20.My motto is quite simple; the quest _____ knowledge _____all times.A.to, inB.to, atC. for, at.D. for, in21.This semester, the courses William has taken are History , Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics, among_____ Mathematics _____the most important.22.I can’t seem to find my wallet anywhere in my car. ______it be somewhere in th e house?A. MayB. MustC. CanD. Should23.Do tell her everything! She appears _____all the truth.A. having been toldB.to have been toldC.to have told.D. having known24.It’s important that a teacher _____the personality of e ach of his/her students, trying to avoid conflict.A. must get to knowB. knows wellC. should get to knowD. needs to know25.In the center of the picture are two castles, one of which is_____, if not larger than, the other.A. twice as large asB. twice as largeC.as twice largeD.as twice large as26.United Kingdom, once ______the most powerful country in the world, decline d soon afterWorld War I .A. as beingB. having beenC. /D. was27._____I need right now is a GPS machine, one _____can show me the direction s and guide me to the airport in the shortest time possible.A. All what, that.B. All what, whichC. What,/.D. All what, that28.There should be little doubt of it____ difficulty arises, we should keep working and shall finally overcome it.A. which whenB. that whatC. that whenD. whether that29.A growing problems has emerged involved in the popularity of private cars ____road conditions need _____.A. whether ,to improveB.in which, improvingC. that, to be improvedD. which, to be improved30.To inspire a lasting love of reading, many parents are trying to motivate their children to read ____books ____when they were young.A. such, as they found much pleasure inB. such, that they found much pleasure inC. those, which they found much pleasureD. the same, that they found much pleasure31.I always bear the statement “Familiarity breeds contempt “”in mind ____ it comes to ____relationships with others.A.as... build upB. while...set upC. when...,establishingD. that...establishing32.The pilot realized With alarm yet he had got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he was likely to lose control of the plane.A. whereB.at whichC. of whichD.when33.Washing machines made by China have won ____Worldwide attention and the Haier has become household name.A. a, theB./,theC./ ,a D .the ,a34.The country has already sent up three Unmanned is spacecrafts,_____ was launched at the end of last month.A. the most recentB. the most recent of whichC .the most recent of them D. of which it35.The problem with much mobile technology is _____it’s not really designed to be used ____you are actually mobile.A. that, thatB./,whenC. that, whileD. when, that36.Today’s fishing vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of _____is in the sea is being caught.A. whatB. thatC. whichD.it37.Frank is working late again. This is the first time this week he’s had to study late,____?A. isn’t heB. hasn’t itC. hasn’t heD. isn’t it38.The police were seeking more information to find out _____ it was ____ killed the rich merchant.A. that, whoB. that, whatC. who, thatD. whom, that39.____ the convenience brought by the popularity of private cars can’t be denied, the problems such as waste of energy, air pollution and traffic jams are thought provoking.A. DespiteB. WhenC.AsD. Though40._____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. EncouragedD. Having encouraged41.China is planning reform to its personal income tax system,____ certain expenditures ____ when taxable income is calculated.A. allowed, to be taken awayB. allowing, to be taken awayC. allowed, to take awayD. allowing, being taken away42. Where should consider the students’ suggestions _____The school library _____Mor e books on popular science.A. that, providesB. which, provideC. whether, providesD. that ,provide43. The fatally wounded spider was unconscious but still ____ when taken to the hospital.A. liveB. livelyC. livingD. alive44. Although the main characters in her latest novel are so true to life, all of them are _____ .A. imaginativeB. imaginaryC. imaginableD. imaginating45. It’s relaxing for locals to walk along the river after a busy day , breathing fresh air and watching a great many ____ light reflected on the water.A. twinklingB. sparkingC. flashingD. shining46. China recently tightened its waters controls near Huangyan Island _____Chinese fishing boats____in the South China Sea.A. preventing, to be attackedB. prevented, being attackedC.to prevent, being attackedD.to prevent, attackingⅢClozeMost people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 47 it. Creativity isn’t always connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time 48 think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.Making connections. This technique involves taking 49 ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words6with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the 51 to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original 8 ; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist. You have as much time /space / money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 52 . If your goal is to learn to ski, 53 , you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now 54 this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.Be someone else! Look at the situation from a 55 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books.They ask questions: What does this character want？Why can’t she get it？What changes must she make to get what she wants？If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their 56 . The best fishermen think like fish!( )47. A. put up with ( )48. A. skillfully ( )49. A. familiar ( )50. A. presented ( )51. A. ideas ( )52. A. possibilities ( )53. A. in fact ( )54. A. devote ( )55. A. private ( )56. A. positions B. catch up withB. routinelyB. unrelatedB. markedB. ambitionsB. limitationsB. in particularB. adaptB. globalB. dreamsC. make use ofC. vividlyC. creativeC. litC. achievementC. tendencyC. as a wholeC. leadC. differentC. imagesD. keep track ofD. deeplyD. imaginativeD. associatedD. techniqueD. practiceD. for instanceD. keepD. characters.D. directionsⅣReading:16%(A)For many years, Hawaii has been a magic name to people who like to travel. People, both in Japan and in America, dream of seeing this beautiful island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Their dreams always include the sunset over the ocean. The sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea, and it drops .so quickly that you can almost see it move. The sun leaves behind a glow(霞光) that lights the skies and shines in the quiet water.People often have a quiet, peaceful time while walking along the beach. The first strangers to these islands centuries ago were who came from Tahiti in canoes(独木舟) .Now no matter where the people come from, they really want to see the original(原始的) beauty of Hawaii. They want to see the lovely beaches and the mountain called Diamond Head which is almost hidden by the tall hotels.57. The most magic thing on the beautiful islands is ______ .A. the tropical plantsB. a leisurely walk along the beachC. the sunsetD. the quiet water58.______ doesn’t belong to “the original beauty of Hawaii.A.White sand beaches .B. Waving palm trees.B.Tall hotels. D. The Diamond Head Mountain.59.The last paragraph suggests _____.A. the scenery nowadays is totally different from the original beauty.B. it is not quite easy to see the original beauty, because some of the scenery is almost hidden by tall hotels.C. it is easy to see the original beauty ,but only by taking jet planes.D. it is difficult to see the original beauty ,for things have completely changed in the last 25 years.60.The best topic of the passage is _____.A. Islands.B. A Magic Name.C. Travelling in Hawaii.D. Hawaii, the Dramatic Beauty.(B)Trees should only be pruned (修剪) when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches, which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease , but it is a wound that will heal (愈合). Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is importantto make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the materials available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter , for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference (妨碍) from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly .61.Pruning should be done to _____.A．make the tree grow taller.B．improve the shape of the tree.C．get rid of the small branches .D．make the small branches thicker.62．Trees become unhealthy if the gardener__________.A．allows too many branches to grow in the middleB. does not protect them from the windC. forces them to grow too quickly.D．damages some of the small side branches63.Why is a special material painted on the tree?A．To make a wound smooth.B．To prevent disease entering a wound.C．to cover a rough surface.D．To help a wound to dry.64．What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage?A．To give practical instruction for pruning a tree.B．To give a general description of pruning.C．To explain how trees develop disease.D．To discuss different methods of pruning.(C)Examinations have a longer history in China than in any other country, yet it is today an issuearound in which controversy flourishes. At each stage of their school lives children are faced with exams: exams to enter junior middle school, senior middle school, vocational school, colleges and universities. As a result of having constantly to think of these hurdles facing them children find themselves under constant pressure, unable to take time off from studying exam-oriented subjects to relax with friends or to develop other interests. Within school the concentration on exam success leads to the neglect of courses which are not central to the examinations and a method of teaching and learning which emphasizes training the ability to do well in tests but neglects developing the ability to think creatively.Despite such criticisms the examination system still has its defenders. Without it, they argue, how can we test students’ abilities and evaluate the effectiveness of teachers and schools They believe that they provide the only objective way of selecting students and reduce the exercise of unfair back-door practices to gain advantage for children on the basis of influence or corruption. Examinations are also felt to offer the impetus to students to master their subject in a way in which they otherwise might not. "While too much anxiety can be a bad thing, a little anxiety can stimulate students to learn better than if left without any test to pass," says Li Jie, a leading advocate of the value of testing. "I can remember things now which give me great pleasure whichI doubt I would have learned at the time if I had not had to do so for the examinations.\65.Which of the following statements about emminations in China is correct?A.People can make money out of examination.B.Only students of today have to take examination.C.Students have to learn more about history than about any other subjects.D.People have different opinions concerning the value of examinations.66. What is a possible result if students pay too much attention to examinations？[A] Students neglect those exam-oriented subjects.[B] Students are unable to relax with friends or to develop other interests.[C] Teachers neglect the training of the students' ability to do well in tests.[D] Students only pay attention to the development of their ability to think creatively.67. Which of the following has NOT been mentioned as the advantage of examinations？[A] Examinations are the only objective way of selecting students.[B] Examinations are the only objective way to eliminate the problem of corruption.[C] Examinations can tell us that too much anxiety can be a bad thing.[D] Examinations can better stimulate students to study.68 Which of the following is an acceptable summary of the organization of this passage？[A] Discussing a problem in education. [B] Refuting (反驳)a long held opinion.[C] Persuading people to believe an idea. [D] Presenting a controversial issue and arguments from both sides.(D)The next time you try for a high-ranking post, you could let your possible boss listen to a recommending phone call“made”by US President George W．Bush or British Prime Minister Tony Blair.Of course, neither of them could really do that for you－you would just ”borrow” their voices.AT&T labs will start selling speech software that, it says, is so good at reproducing the sounds of a human voice that it can recreate voices of long-dead famous people back to life.The software, which turns printed text into speech, makes it possible for a company to use recordings of a person's voice to say things that the person never actually said.Possible customers for the software, which is priced at the thousands of dollars, include telephone call centers, companies that make software that reads digital files aloud, makers of automated voices devices．The advances raise several problems．Who, for example owns the rights to a famous person's voice? (Some experts even believe that new contracts will be drawn that include voice-licensing clauses.)And although scientists say the technology is not yet good enough to commit fraud(假冒), would the synthesized(合成的)voices at last be able to trick people into thinking that they were getting phone calls or digital audio recordings from people they knew?Even Mr. Fruchterman, one of AT&T lab's possible first customers, said he wondered what the new technology right bring. “Just like you can't trust a photograph any more,” he said, “You won't be able to trust a voice either.”69. With the help of the speech software, it is most possible ________.A. to improve a famous person's speechB. to say what you want in another's voiceC. to make a speech much more easilyD. to help you to find a better job70. If the speech software is widely used, ________.A. people would no longer believe each otherB. it would not be necessary to go for a speech by a famous personC. no radio or TV broadcasters would be neededD. recording a voice alone would not be taken as a proof in the court71. According to the passage, you can infer that ________.A. the software will turn out to be an immediate success in the marketB. the government will forbid the sale of the software in the marketC. it's hard to decide whether software will enjoy popularityD. the software will soon prove to be nothing but rubbish(4) The passage mainly wants to ________.A. introduce a new softwareB. explain the advantage of a new inventionC. advertise a new kind of productD. describe the future market of a new productKEYS:17-21 BBDCB 22-26 CBCAC 27-31 DCCAC 32-36 ACBCA 37-41 DCCCB 42-46 DDBACKeys:47-51 CBBAA 52-56 ADDCDKEYS:57-60 CCBDB 61-64 BBAC 65-68 DBCA 69-72 BCAB。
复旦附中2019届高三第一学期英语第一次摸底考试
复旦附中2019届高三第一学期英语第一次摸底考试（题源来自2018年浦东新区高考三模，语法部分有改动）Ⅰ. Listening (略)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.China’s Good Samaritan Law went into effect on October 1 to encourage people who are ready to help others. Under the law, people who voluntarily offer emergency assistance to those who are, or who they believe to be, injured, ill or in danger, will not have civil responsibility in the event of harm to the victims.The new law aims to ease the reluctance people feel toward helping strangers for fear of legal consequences if they make mistakes in treatment. It is a response to the phenomenon of people __ (21)__ (hesitate) to help fallen senior citizens due to concern that they might be blackmailed (讹诈) later.There has been no shortage of cases over the past decade __ (22) __ people hesitated to offer assistance to those who are in need. And some good Samaritans have been blackmailed for charitable acts. In 2011, a two-year-old girl known as Xiao Yueyue was run over by two cars, and 18 people passed by__ (23) __ offering emergency help. The girl died after days of medical treatment. In 2014, a man from Guangdong Province aided a senior citizen, but __ (24) __ (accuse) of knocking him down. The man committed suicide when __ (25) __ (face) with demands for a large sum of money.These cases __ (26) __ (arouse) debate about morality and heroism in China in recent years. “If you don’t provide help, you will blame yourself, but if you do help, you are likely __ (27) __ (hurt) by the people you help. It is really a difficult choice,” one netizen said on Sina Weibo.__ (28) __ there had been calls for a national Good Samaritan law, only a few cities pushedahead with such laws before the nationwide law came into effect.However, some experts are concerned __ (29) __ there could be some danger from a nationwide Good Samaritan Law. “Rescuers who know little about first aid could bring serious harm to people in critical conditions,” said Yang Lixin, a professor at the Renmin University of China. He hoped the government __ (30) __ introduce details of the policy soon while encouraging people to voluntarily offer assistance.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonly beused once.Notethat thereis onewordmorethanyouneed.MinimumwagelawsintheU.S.werefirstintroducedduringthe1930sinresponsetotheGreatDepress ion.Thisperiodwas__11__byfallingoutput,fallingprices,andfallingemployment.TheNationalIndustri alRecoveryAct(NIRA)of1933attemptedtostopthisdownwardtrendbyencouragingthe__12__oftradea ssociationagreementsthatestablishedthelowestpriceandminimumwages.Thiswasthefirsttimethatmin imumwageswereintroducedinmajorindustries.Butin1935,theU.S.SupremeCourtruledthattheNIRAw asunlawful, andtheseinitial minimum wage agreements cameto anend.In 1938, the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) established a national minimum wage of $0.25 an hour. This Act __13__ only applied to a relatively small share of the labor force, but has been __14__ over time so that it now applies to about 90% of all nonsupervisory workers.Introductory economies textbooks usually first introduce the minimum wage as an application of demand and supply analysis. This starting discussion is usually based on the following __15__: the labor market is perfectly competitive, the minimum wage covers all workers, and worker productivity is __16__ by the wage rate.While minimum wage increases generally receive __17__ public support, economists have generally argued that such laws will result in an increase in the unemployment rate in low-wage labor markets.Anissuerelatedtothatofaminimumwageisagrowingmovementfor a“livingwage”.Living wagepro posalssuggestthatthe__18__minimumwageistoolowtoallowfamiliestobeabovethepovertylevel.Now,__19__ofthisviewsupport“livingwagelaws”thatrequirethelocalgovernmentto onlyacceptcontractsfr omfirmsthatpaytheirworkersawagethatishighenough to __20__ the workers above the poverty line. Baltimore was the first city to adopt such alawin 1994. Under Baltimore’s“living wage”requirement, firms mustpayaworkeranhourlywagethatwillallowafull-timeworkertoreceiveanannualincomegreaterthan orequalto thepovertylevel forafamilyof three.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you’re shopping at the grocery store, you probably expect that the olive oil you see came from, well, olives. And that the organic vegetables were never exposed to poisonous chemicals.Increasingly, however, there’s a chance you might be __41__. In recent years, there has been a rise in reports of so-called food fraud, or attempts by various entities — including storage workers, suppliers and distributors — to alter products and mislead customers and food companies alike for __42__gain. Among the more recent examples: “natural” honey containing antibiotics and Italian companies selling “Italian olive oil” from a blend of oils that did not __43__ from Italy.By and large, the fraudsters are trying to make easy money — __44__ for a whole food or pricey ingredient, then cutting it with __45__ stuff secretly. But the health consequences can be__46__.How can this happen? In the U.S., the Pure Food and Drug Act has prevented the “manufacture, sale or transportation of misbranded or poisonous foods” since 1906, and similar laws exist in other countries.But most global food regulators, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, aren’t__47__ to enforce them effectively. For the most part, they focus on safety standards —__48__that foods don’t contain bacteria or viruses — and rely on companies to police their own ingredients, lest they face __49__ backlash（强烈抵制）. But now that food manufacturing hasbecome globalized, supply chains are longer, creating more opportunities for bad actors to __50__. Anyone who can __51__ substituting cheap ingredients for more expensive ones is going to try.Governments are starting to fight back. In 2014, the U.K. created a food-crime unit that collects reports of food fraud. But in order to prevent fraud in the first place, the food industry needs to __52__ the safeguarding of its own production network. So the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) —a trade group including officials from more than 300 food manufactures —will this year start __53__ its members’ supply chains, from field to table, to identify vulnerabilities.__54__, dozens of other food-industry experts recently teamed up with academics from Michigan State University to launch the Food Fraud Initiative （FFI）, a group that studies fraudsters — specifically, how they avoid safeguards — and then advises food companies on how to get rid of them. “There are plenty of criminals out there who are going to wake up and perceive some opportunity for fraud,” says John Spink, director of the FFI. “We just need to make ourselves a(n) __55__ target.”41. A. definite B. peaceful C. optimistic D. wrong42. A. financial B. social C. technological D. potential43. A. initiate B. originate C. withdraw D. profit44. A. asking B. paying C. charging D. harvesting45. A. cheaper B. faulty C. lighter D. bad46. A. ok B. terrific C. incredible D. horrible47. A. honored B. equipped C. justified D. promoted48. A. maintaining B. struggling C. ensuring D. reflecting49. A. consumer B. manufacturer C. market D. organizer50. A. mess around B. make off C. show off D. stand aside51. A. hold on to B. come up with C. get away with D. carry away with52. A. minimize B. upgrade C. publicize D. abandon53. A. recalling B. breaking C. describing D. examining54. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Instead D. Therefore55. A. easier B. nicer C.harder D. rarerSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sleeper trains occupy a romantic corner of any traveler’s soul. One of HerculePoirot’smost fascinating adventures takes place on the Simplon Orient Express, which used to run from Paris to Istanbul. A famous scene in Alfred Hitchcock’s “North by Northwest” features a night train entering a tunnel. James Bond, meanwhile, detects a spy on a sleeper train after noticing him behave suspiciously in the dining car.In some parts of the world, the nostalgia（怀旧）lives on. The Caledonian Sleeper,complete with smartly dressed waiters, neeps and tatties（白萝卜泥和土豆泥）and a selection of whiskies,is the best way to travel between London and Scotland. Elsewhere, however, sleepers are on their last legs. Flights across Europe have become so cheap that fewer and fewer travelers bother with sleeper trains. Sensing that the end is approaching, Andrew Martin, a British writer, has written a book about the sleeper.“Night Trains” is a brief history of the mode, combined with accounts of journey s Mr. Martin has taken on sleeper routes across Europe. The reader joins him on a train Munich, where he eats a tuna sandwich on board. Travelling from Paris to Venice, he thinks he has been robbed of $105. The service to Nice is cancelled, yet such is his love for sleeping aboard that he spends the night on the train as it sits on the platform.These stories make clear that the golden age of the sleeper train is long past. How different things were in the 19th century, when a passenger on the Orient Express could dine on delicacies and good wines. The only modern-day sleeper train which comes up to the Mr. Martin’s exacting standards is the Nordland, which travels towards northern Norway.Those who have no experience of the sleeper trains often ask sleeper enthusiasts: “Do you sleep?” After a read of Mr. Martin’s book, the answer would seem to be a definite “no”: the noise of the train wakes him up time and again. Still, it is hard not to be won over by his enthusiasm. Catch the sleeper train, before it’s to o late.56. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph two?A. Sleeper trains are the last means of transportation for travelers.B. Travelers tend to fall asleep toward the end of their trip.C. Travelers are too exhausted to walk any longer.D. Sleeper trains are becoming out of fashion.57. After reading the book Night Trains, readers ________.A. may enjoy the scenery on their journey from London to Scotland.B. can have the opportunity to travel on the best train in Europe.C. may have a basic understanding of the history of sleeper trains.D. cannot find a similar train living up to the standards of Mr. Martin.58. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The noise of the train makes it impossible for travelers to sleep well.B. Readers may be discouraged from riding on sleeper trains.C. The writer of the passages suggests not spending nights aboard.D. For enthusiasts, the love for sleepers outweighs the inconvenience caused.59. The author’s purpose of writing the passag e is to ________.A. introduce readers to a new book about sleeper trainsB. compare the advantages of sleeper trains in different periodsC. inform the readers of the rise and fall of sleeper trainsD. recall readers’ memory of an old-fashioned means of transportation(B)Bringing tech into the bedroom can be more harmful than helpful. Glancing at your phone before hitting the bed may be distracting and, more important, the blue light its screen emits is known to make falling asleep more difficult. But tha t’s not true for all gadgets. These smart-home devices want to invade your bedroom with the aim of improving your sleep.60. All the following gadgets help you with sleep with body contact EXCEPT ________.A.Muse HeadbandB.Here One Smart EarbudsC.Apple I-phoneD. D. S+sleep Monitor61. What is NOT true about blue light?A. Frequent use of cell phones leads to much emission of blue light.B. It makes it harder for your body to produce an essential chemical.C. The Night Shift feature can probably reduce the emission of blue light.D. Blue light reminds you to get to bed and regulates your sleep.62. What’s the b est title for the passage?A. Sleep, something well deservedB. Sleep, thy（你的）name is gadgetC. Sleep, a mission made impossibleD. Sleep, highly dependent on tech(C)Earlier this year a series of papers in The Lancet reported that 85 percent of the $265 billion spent each year on medical research is wasted because too often absolutely nothing happens after initial results of a study are published. No follow-up investigations to replicate(复制) or expand on a discovery. No one uses the findings to build new technologies.The problem is not just what happens after publication —scientists often have trouble choosing the right questions and properly designing studies to answer them. Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions. Researchers publish reports on hundreds of treatments for diseases that work in animal models but not in humans. Drug companies find themselves unable to reproduce promising drug targets published by the best academic institutions. The growing recognition that something has gone wrong in the laboratory has led to calls for, as one might guess, more research on research — attempts to find rules to ensure that peer-reviewed studies are, in fact, valid.It will take a concerted effort by scientists and other stakeholders to fix this problem. We can do so by exploring ways to make scientific investigation more reliable and efficient. These may include collaborative team science, study registration, stronger study designs and statistical tools, and better peer review, along with making scientific data widely available so that others can replicate experiments, therefore building trust in the conclusions of those studies.Reproducing other scientists’ analyses or replicating their results has too often in the past been look ed down on with a kind of “me-too” derision(嘲笑) that would waste resources — but often they may help avoid false leads that would have been even more wasteful. Perhaps the biggest obstacle to replication is the inaccessibility of data and results necessary to rerun theanalyses that went into the original experiments. Searching for such information can be extremely difficult. Investigators die, move and change jobs; computers crash; online links malfunction. Data are sometimes lost — even, as one researcher claimed when confronted about spurious(伪造的) results, eaten by termites(白蚁).There has definitely been some recent progress. An increasing number of journals, including Nature and Science, have adopted measures such as checklists for study design and reporting while improving statistical review and encouraging access to data. Several funding agencies, meanwhile, have asked that researchers outline their plans for sharing data before they can receive a government grant.But it will take much more to achieve a lasting culture change. Investigators should be rewarded for performing good science rather than just getting statistically significant (“positive”) but nonreplicable results. Revising the present incentive(激励) structure may require changes on the part of journals, funders, universities and other research institutions.63. What is the problem reported in those papers in The Lancet?A. Great achievements in medical research failed to get published.B. Money was wasted on follow-up investigations in medical research.C. Too many new research findings are not put into use after publication.D. Few scientists are devoted to building new technologies for mankind.64. Which of the following situation is most similar to the problem described in paragraph 2?A. A high school decides to cut its art programs due to the lack of fund.B. A patient gets sicker because he does not follow the doctor’s advice.C. A marketing firm tests a website with participants that are not target population.D. A drug company fails to produce the new drug due to no access to the latest data.65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Measures are taken to ensure publication of tested results only.B. Scientific experiments must be replicable to be considered valid.C. Experiment replication is unoriginal and not worthwhile.D. Rewards should be given only to those nonreplicable findings.66.The purpose of this article is to ___________.A. argue that scientific research lacks efficiencyB. explain the result of a recent scientific studyC. introduce some recent progress in medical researchD. highlight the possible problems of research studiesSection CDirections:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The way individuals collectively remember, forget, and recall event, people, places, etc, has been an important topic of research on collective memory. 47.______ He developed the concept of collective memory, arguing that individuals memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space.48. They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and survey. For example, one group of research carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely, the Civil War, World War II, and the Iraq War. Although Americans of different ages recalled similar events, the interpretation of some events changed over the generations: both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshina and Nigasak; however, they differed in how they rated the bombings.More recently, memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories: “ Culture an individuals memory are constantly produced through the technology of memory.” Under this perspective, research often involves content analysis of newsand the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory. Alternatively, scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by manually analyzing the stories journalists tell as professionals and the stories they tell about their profession. 49.However, developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we track of events both as individuals and as a collective,” The Internet doesn’t forget. “The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting 50.. Analyzing different Web documents, researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.An Extension of the Human BrainOther people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)，much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency . To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways , he or she is participating in what I’ve called a “ social prosthetic (义肢的) system.” Such systems do not need to operate face-to face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic system. It’s already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.Regar ding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details for future use ------I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do particularly striking when I’m writing; I ‘m no longer comfortable writing if I ’m not connected to the Internet. It’s become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For exampl e, when I ‘m writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “new idea”, I now quicklylook to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar-and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ 60V. Translation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.周末你常常挤出一些时间帮父母做家务吗？（spare）73.人工智能最终替代人类是不可能的。
2018-2019学年上海市复旦附中高一上英语单元测试
Test for Unit Three (Oxford English SIA)I. Grammar and VocabularySection One1.When you are on stage, you need to be heavily ______ so as to have a better visual effect.A. made up ofB. made fromC. made upD. made of2.The damaged church was _______ as a ________ of the horrors of war.A. served…remainB. represented…remarkC. reserved…ruinD. preserved…reminder3.The somber atmosphere in the changing room _________ the mood of the team after its defeat in the final.A. clappedB. cuedC. reflectedD. suspended4.He’s always trying to _________ my words and make me look bad.A. turnB. bendC. controlD. twist5.In the contest, he _______ all the other contestants and ________ the championship.A. defeated…beatB. won…wonC. beat…wonD. defeated…beat6.She’s now famous and successful, but you know all these cannot be ________ overnight.A. recordedB. achievedC. cheeredD. clapped7.He was on the _________ of his seat, waiting for her arrival anxiously.A. boundaryB. edgeC. borderD. bound8.With the development of digital technology, the entertainment industry has _______ a new look.A. taken backB. taken upC. taken offD. taken on9.Besides the traditional gladiatorial(斗剑者的) games, many other public spectacles were held in the Colosseum, such as mock sea battles, animal hunts and dramas ________ on Classical mythology.A. votedB. basedC. remarkedD. depended10.Chinese and foreigners alike have stressed the importance of _______ the decaying sections of the Great Wall and _______ stronger sections from being worn down by tourists and visitors.A. maintaining…remainingB. preserving…preventingC. remaining…maintainingD. preventing…preserving11.The popular writer specializes in _________ novels set in Italy in World War II.A. historicB. historicalC. historyD. historically12.Which of the following sentences is improper?A. You left the container open.B. From the kitchen there is a door that is opened into the garden.C. The banks had closed so I couldn’t get any money out.D. The flowers open in the morning but close again in the afternoon.13.Although it is now in a severely ruined condition due to _______ caused by earthquakes and stone-robbers, the Colosseum has long been seen as an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome.A. assistanceB. confusionC. civilizationD. damage14.Today the ______ of a 12th-century monastery can still be seen on the site.A. templesB. remainsC. sitesD. wonders15.They had to ________ their attempt to climb the mountain because of the poor weather conditions.A. abandonB. adviseC. attractD. admit16.If something ________, it gets damaged or destroyed because no one is taking care of it.A. takes shapeB. dries outC. breaks outD. falls into ruin17.As the crowd began to disperse, my husband and I remain ________, absorbing what we had just witnessed.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated18.There is a self-service restaurant ________, where we might just as well stop for a snack.A. nextB. closeC. nearD. nearby19. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity _________ he reaches the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until20.Really One-four-hundredths of a second. That is the amount of time it ________ Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal to capture a historic image on film.A. costB. spentC. paidD. took21.It is said that egg yolks were mixed into the mortar to strengthen the __________ of Charles Bridge.A. concentrationB. constructionC. reflectionD. suspension22.Originally capable of seating50,000 spectators, it was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles. The underlined word in the sentence can be replaced by ________.A. holdingB. containingC. includingD. involving23.She ________ to me, so I presumed it wasn’t common knowledge. “You see,” she said, lowering her voice, “he’s in trouble recently.”A. boomedB. whisperedC. guaranteedD. applied24.Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _______ a holiday abroad.A. he had considered havingB. had he considered to haveC. he considered to haveD. did he consider having25.Politically the Great Depression made possible the _________ of Nazism and the Second World War.A. fallB. riseC. twistD. turn26.The Colosseum _________ in use for nearly 500 years with the last recorded games being held there as late as the 6th century – well after the traditional date of the fall of Rome in 476.A. remainsB. remainedC. was remainedD. has remained27.When you are having your photo taken, you have to keep _______.A. calmB. silentC. tenseD. still28.Which of the following sentences is improper?A. The resort is easily accessible by road, rail, and air.B. You cannot access the database without a valid password.C. The book ahs succeeded in making a wider audience accessible to philosophy.D. Having such easy access to some of the best cinemas and theatres is one of the perks of living in Sydney.29.The historical treasure of Prague ________ a maze of narrow cobbled stone streets and is situated between the Vltava River and the central business district.A. makes upB. consists ofC. composes ofD. comprises ofSection TwoI __30__ (become) what I am today at the age of twelve, on a frigid overcast day in the winter of 1975.I remember the precise moment, crouching behind a crumbling mud wall, peeking(窥视) into the alley near the frozen creek. That was a long time ago, but it’s wrong what they say about the past, I’ve learned, about how you can bury it. Because the past __31__(claw) its way out. Looking back now, I realize I __32__ (peek) into that deserted alley for the last twenty-six years.One day last summer, my friend Rahim Khan called from Pakistan. He asked me to come see him. Standing in the kitchen with the receiver to my ear, I knew it wasn’t just Rahim Khan on the line. It was my past of unatoned sins. After I hung up, I went for a walk along Spreckels Lake on the northern edge of Golden Gate Park. The early-afternoon sun sparkled on the water where dozens of miniature boats sailed, propelled by a crisp breeze. Then I glanced up and saw a pair of kites, red with long blue tails, __33__ (soar) in the sky. They danced high above the trees on the west end of the park, over the windmills, floating side by side like a pair of eyes looking down on San Francisco, the city I now call Home. And suddenly Hassan’svoice whispered in my head: Hassan, the harelipped kite runner.I sat on a park bench near a willow tree. I thought about something Rahim Khan said just before he __34__ (hang) up, almost as an afterthought. There is a way to be good again. I looked up at those twin kites. I thought about Hassan. Thought about Baba. Ali. Kabul. I t hought of the life I __35__ (live) until the winter of 1975 came and changed everything. And made me what I am today.II. Reading ComprehensionSection ANew Part of China’s Great Wall FoundThe Great Wall of China just got a little bit greater. A new 50-mile section of China’s iconic structure has been __36__ in northwestern China, centuries after being buried by the __37__ that move across the arid area each year.The segment, on the southern slope of Helan Mountain in the Ningxia region, __38__ about twenty-five miles west of the regional capital of Yinchuan. That part of the wall was built in 1531 and gradually buried by moving sand. When the section was __39__ in 1540, three watchtowers were added at different parts of the section, which __40__ from east to west.The 21-foot-high chunk of wall is 20 feet wide at its __41__ and 11 feet wide at the top. It has seven drainage ditches and parapets(低墙) at both sides of the wall. Some parts were more fortified than others, being __42__ by stone segments that formed a “double-layered wall”.The Great Wall, from its starting point in the northwestern province of Gansu to Shanghaiguan Pass on the shores of Bohai Bay along China’s east coast, __43__ to span up to 3,700 miles through the north, which dynastic China’s emperors __44__ most vulnerable to attack.A series of dynasties built the Great Wall over the course of centuries to protect China from __45__ invasions. But the Ningxia region in particular long has been China’s front line and a place deemed worthy of special fortification(筑城).The freshly uncovered portion is near Great Wall sections built in __46__ was known as the Period of the Warning States (475 B.C.-221 B.C.) and the following Qin, Han, Sui and Ming dynasties. Wall sections in that area were built with materials including sand, mud, stone and criedly fashioned bricks. The surfacing of a new portion of the Great Wall is not unheard of.In August, archaeologists said they __47__ 2,000-year-old sections of the wall in the desert northwest, __48__ two fortified castles dating to the Han dynasty, which lasted from 206 B.C. to A.D. 220.The wall’s modern sections around the Chinese capital date from the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Some parts have been __49__ since the Communist Party took power in 1949, and several including the most popular, Badaling, just north of Beijing __50__ hundreds of thousands of visitors each year.36. A. founded B. discovered C. established D. constructed37. A. sands B. stones C. rocks D. snows38. A. locates B. situates C. sits D. lays39. A. ruined B. overlooked C. recovered D. repaired40. A. twists B. suspends C. turns D. falls41. A. height B. base C. tip D. basis42. A. profited B. protected C. prevented D. provided43. A. believes B. to believe C. is believed D. believed44. A. reflected B. surrounded C. considered D. regarded45. A. indoor B. outdoor C. inside D. outside46. A. that B. what C. which D. it47. A. unfastened B. undid C. uncovered D. undefined48. A. including B. included C. containing D. contained49. A. refreshed B. restored C. recreated D. recycled50. A. attract B. attack C. attach D. attendSection B(A)Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each other’s spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.51.What happened when the author was about to take a photo?A. Her camera stopped working.B. A woman blocked her view.C. Someone asked her to leave.D. A friend approached from behind.52.According to the author, the woman was probably ________.A. enjoying herselfB. losing her patienceC. waiting for the sunsetD. thinking about her past53.In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?A. The rich color of the landscape.B. The perfect positioning of the camera.C. The woman’s existence in the photoD. The soft sunlight that summer day.(B)Space exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力) struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They resonated with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The perpetual argument is that funds are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable luxury—as if saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems.But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modem Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us—not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the spin-off technologies they produce, but because the two types of dreams feed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can transcendwhat were once considered inherent limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit. The more evidence we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.54.The author mentions Cyrano de Bergerac in order to show that ________.A. imagination is the mother of inventionB. ingenuity is essential for science fiction writersC. it takes patience for humans to realize their dreamsD. dreamers have always been interested in science fiction55.How did the general public view Kennedy’s space exploration plan?A. It symbolized the American dream.B. It was as urgent as racial equality.C. It sounded very much like a dream.D. It made an ancient dream come true.56.What does the author say about America’s aim to explore space?A. It may not bring about immediate economic gains.B. It cannot be realized without technological innovation.C. It will not help the realization of racial and economic equality.D. It cannot be achieved without a good knowledge of the other worlds.57.Which of the following is the closest to the underlined phrase “feed off” in the last paragraph?A. supportB. contradictC. weakenD. substitute for58.What is the author’s attitude toward space programs?A. Critical.B. Reserved.C. Unbiased.D. Supportive.III. Translation59.我们小区里的新公园逐渐成形了。
上海市复旦大学附属中学2018-2019学年高一上学期第一单元测试英语试卷及解析
上海市复旦大学附属中学2018-2019学年高一上学期第一单元测试英语试卷注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解you are not alone. We’ve all had that feeling. But did you know that there are several things you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don t want to be noticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people who lie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are telling the trugh.Liars also use deflection. For example, if you ask a liar the question “Did you steal Fatima’s bag?” they may answer with something like “Fatima is my friend. Why would I do that?” In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answering the question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convince you of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. If you think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will spear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies be ing woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve bought the story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which in itself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying. They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to use some of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.1.According to the passage, a person could be lying he or she ________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely2.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.3.The passage mainly talks about ________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liarsA person, like a commodity, needs packaging. But going too far is absolutely undesirable.A little exaggeration, however, does no harm when it shows the person’s unique qualities to their advantages. To show personal attractiveness in a casual and natural way, it is important for one to have a clear knowledge of oneself. A skilled packager knows how to add art to nature without any signs of embellishment, so that the person so packaged is not a commodity but a human being, lively and lovely.A young person, especially a female, shining with beauty and full of life, has all the favor granted by God. Any attempt to make up would be self-defeating. Youth, however, comes and goes in a flash. Packaging for the middle-aged is primarily to hide the marks made by years. If you still enjoy life enough to keep self-confidence and work at pioneering work, you are unique in your natural qualities, and your attractiveness and grace will remain. Elderly people are beautiful if their river of life has been, through plains, mountains and jungles, running its course as it should. You have really lived your life, which now arrives at a self-satisfied stage of quietness and calmness with no interest in fame or wealth. There is no need to make use of hair dyeing. The snowcapped mountain itself is itself a beautiful scene of fairyland. Let your looks change from young to old in step with the natural ageing process so as to keep in harmony with nature, for harmony itself is beauty, while the other way round will only end in unpleasantness. To be in the company of the elderly is like reading a thick book of (better quality) edition, which attracts one so much that one is unwilling to part with it.As long as one finds where one stands, one knows how to package oneself, just as a commodity sets up its brand by the right packaging.4.It can be concluded from the passage that ________.A. people should be packaged at all agesB. people should be packaged in a special wayC. elderly people also care about packagingD. proper packaging makes people attractive5.According to the author, if you want to keep in harmony with nature, you should ________.A. dye your hairB. wear makeup at a young ageC. follow the aging processD. give up fame and wealth6.The underlined part refers to the way of ________.A. dyeing one’s black hair whiteB. keeping in harmony with natureC. packaging oneself skillfullyD. packaging oneself to hide the traces of aging7.The passage implies that elderly people are attractive because ________.A. they are usually packaged like a finely-made bookB. they experience a lot and have rich knowledge of lifeC. they are unique in natural qualitiesD. they enjoy reading thick books of beautiful nature and fairyland二、完形填空________ they only fight with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes ________ until one of the men crashes ________ a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead! ________he isn’t really dead. With ________ luck he isn’t even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from fast moving trains, who crash cars of even ________ fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called stuntmen. That is to say, they ________ tricks. There are two ________ to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to ________ cardboard boxes covered with a mattress. Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they break windows, the glass is made of sugar! But although their work depend on trick of this sort, it also requires a high ________ o f skill and training. Often a stuntman’s success depends on careful ________. For example, when he is “________up” in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed A Norwegian stuntman, ________, skied over the________ of a cliff a thousand feet high. His parachute failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for men only. Men no longer ________ as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous action For nowadays there are stuntgirls too.8.A. As a result B. On one hand C. At the start D. In the end9.A. on B. off C. out D. in10.A. under B. through C. against D. behind11.A. Maybe B. Therefore C. Of course D. What’s more12.A. no B. any C. little D. few13.A. set B. catch C. watch D. extinguish14.A. perform B. follow C. understand D. crack15.A. advantages B. disadvantages C. lines D. sides16.A. tidy B. pretty C. nasty D. empty17.A. speed B. spirit C. degree D. demand18.A. time B. timing C. measure D. measuring19.A. raised B. brought C. cheered D. blown20.A. in fact B. for example C. to be exact D. by contrast21.A. ladder B. face C. edge D. wall22.A. look on as B. show off C. dress up D. turn down三、单项选择A. taken good careB. taken good care ofC. paid attentionD. paid to attention24.Secretaries whose jobs mainly involve writing, ________ phone calls and receiving visitors usually work in offices.A. answeringB. answerC. having answeredD. to answer25.Your body language is the key ________ communication, so proper gestures and postures playa crucial role in our daily life.A. onB. toC. withD. in26.Debbie and Simon looked up at the well-dressed lady when she ________ the office and she looked at ________.A. arrived at... both themB. came into... both themC. entered... them bothD. went in... them both27.The way ________ you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information to the world.A. /B. in whereC. in thatD. which28.You are not polite enough, When you serve customers, you don’t turn your head ________ your body towards them.A. eitherB. orC. notD. neither29.In most cases, a parent’s behavior matters ________ more than ________ he or she says.A. very... thatB. much... whatC. far... whichD. still... how30.Customers preferred ________ Debbie rather than turn to Simon for ________.A. going to... assistanceB. going to... remarksC. to go to... assistanceD. to go to... remarks31.I am now worried about my English presentation, I always have some trouble ________ a good impression ________ front of others.A. to make... onB. making... onC. to make... inD. making in32.A lack of eye contact might be thought of as a lack of ________ in some western countries.A. boredomB. hostilityC. interestD. confusion33.This boy is very_______ and every morning he ________ me by saying “Good morning”.A. well-mannered... contactsB. well-educating... contactsC. well-mannered... greetsD. well-educating... greets34.All the passengers on board sighed with ________ when the captain announced that he had solved the mechanical problems ________ the engine.A. relief... forB. relief... withC. grief... forD. grief... with35.My business partner is senior ________ me ________ two years.A. to... byB. to... forC. by... toD. by... for36.As old man was sitting in the sun peacefully with a thick pair of glasses ________ on his nose.A. fixingB. puttingC. layingD. resting37.The nurse insisted that the patient should ________ the medicinal cream ________ his would twice a day to avoid infection.A. apply... toB. rinse... inC. loosen... toD. stress... in38.Don’t worry, I won’t tell your mother you’ve been punished in school. You see, ________.A. It’s none of your businessB. I feel on top of the worldC. my lips are sealedD. I’m all thumbs39.This exhibition brings together portraits, figure studies and anonymous snapshots to help visitors explore the wildly ________ nature of the human face.A. balancedB. expressiveC. frequentD. ordinary40.A smile can help you out ________ many situations where language seems ________.A. of... adequateB. of... inadequateC. in... adequateD. in... inadequate41.At a job interview, your appearance is ________ the clothes you wear; it also includes projecting the correct ________ communication.A. more than... non-verbalB. other than... non-verbalC. more than... verbalD. other than... verbal42.A red light is often used as a danger ________.A. signB. signalC. signatureD. symbol43.Eye contact is also important in ________ the flow of conversation and for ________ the other person’s response.A. judging... maintainingB. judging... ensuringC. maintaining... judgingD. maintaining... ensuring44.Pounding the table, for example, can underline a(n) ________ message.A. subtleB. universalC. easyD. important45.These cheese cakes are delicious, but they cost an arm and a leg. The underlined part means________.A. are very expensiveB. are harmful to your bodyC. are not readily availableD. are not liked by everyone46.A straight bob ending at the jaw line is the wrong thing to do for a(n) ________ face, for it accentuates the angles of the face.A. heart-shapedB. ovalC. squareD. long47.Which of the following sentence is WRONG?A. My money was robbed on my way home.B. I was robbed of my cash.C. A cat robbed me of my sleep this afternoon.D. The bank was robbed last night.第II卷（非选择题）四、新添加的题型language in the box back into their proper places in the story.Three quarters of an hour later the doorbell rang and the house erupted in excitement. Bruno and Gretel took their places standing side by side by the staircase and Mother waited beside them, 48.. Father gave them all a quick glance and nodded, looking pleased by what he saw, and then opened the door.Two people stood outside: a rather small man and a taller woman.Father saluted them and ushered them inside, where Maria, 49., took their coats and the introductions were made. They spoke to Mother first, which gave Bruno an opportunity to stare at their guests and decide for himself whether they deserved all the hiss being made of them.The Fury was far shorter than Father and not, Bruno supposed, quite as strong. He had dark hair, which was cut quite short, and a tiny moustache—so tiny in fact that Bruno wondered why he bothered with it at all or whether he had simply forgotten a piece when he was shaving. The woman standing beside him, however, was quite the most beautiful woman he had ever seen in his life. She had blonde hair and very red lips, and while the Fury spoke to Mother she 50., making him go red with embarrassment.“And these are my children, Fury,” said Father as Gretel and Bruno stepped forward. “Gretel and Bruno.”“And which is which?” the Fury said, which made everyone laugh except for Bruno, who thought it was perfectly obvious which was which and hardly cause for joke. The Fury stretched out his hand and shook their and Gretel 51.. Bruno was delighted when it went wrong and she almost fell over.“When charming children,” said the beautiful blonde woman. “And how old are they, might I ask?”“I’m twelve but he’s only nine,” said Gretel, looking at her brother with disdain. “And I ca n speak French too,” she added, which was not strictly speaking true, although she had learned a few phrases in school.“Yes, but why would you want to?” asked the Fury, and this time no one laughed; instead they 52. and Gretel stared at him, unsure whether he wanted an answer or not.A. gave a careful, rehearsed curtsyB. her head bowed even lower than usualC. shifted uncomfortably from foot to footD. turned and looked at Bruno and smiledE. wringing her hands together nervously五、短文填空In many Asian cultures, 53. shows respect. It is done when talking with anyone 54. or withanyone older.Habits like this can 55. when people do not understand them. 56., an Asian might close his eyes 57. or look down while listening to a speaker. A Western speaker might think the man is not interested.六、翻译58.缩小代沟的最佳方法便是提升你的沟通技能。
复旦附中2019届高三第一学期英语第一次摸底考试
复旦附中2019届高三第一学期英语第一次摸底考试（题源来自2018年浦东新区高考三模，语法部分有改动）Ⅰ. Listening (略)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.China’s Good Samaritan Law went into effect on October 1 to encourage people who are ready to help others. Under the law, people who voluntarily offer emergency assistance to those who are, or who they believe to be, injured, ill or in danger, will not have civil responsibility in the event of harm to the victims.The new law aims to ease the reluctance people feel toward helping strangers for fear of legal consequences if they make mistakes in treatment. It is a response to the phenomenon of people __ (21)__ (hesitate) to help fallen senior citizens due to concern that they might be blackmailed (讹诈) later.There has been no shortage of cases over the past decade __ (22) __ people hesitated to offer assistance to those who are in need. And some good Samaritans have been blackmailed for charitable acts. In 2011, a two-year-old girl known as Xiao Yueyue was run over by two cars, and 18 people passed by__ (23) __ offering emergency help. The girl died after days of medical treatment. In 2014, a man from Guangdong Province aided a senior citizen, but __ (24) __ (accuse) of knocking him down. The man committed suicide when __ (25) __ (face) with demands for a large sum of money.These cases __ (26) __ (arouse) debate about morality and heroism in China in recent years. “If you don’t provide help, you will blame yourself, but if you do help, you are likely __ (27) __ (hurt) by the people you help. It is really a difficult choice,” one netizen said on Sina Weibo.__ (28) __ there had been calls for a national Good Samaritan law, only a few cities pushed ahead with such laws before the nationwide law came into effect.However, some experts are concerned __ (29) __ there could be some danger from a nationwide Good Samaritan Law. “Rescuers who know little about first aid could bring serious harm to people in critical conditions,” said Yang Lixin, a professor at the Renmin University of China. He hoped the government __ (30) __ introduce details of the policy soon while encouraging people to voluntarily offer assistance.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonly beused once.Notethat thereis onewordmorethanyouneed.MinimumwagelawsintheU.S.werefirstintroducedduringthe1930sinresponsetotheGreatDepression.Thisperiodwas__1 1__byfallingoutput,fallingprices,andfallingemployment.TheNationalIndustrialRecoveryAct(NIRA)of1933attemptedtosto pthisdownwardtrendbyencouragingthe__12__oftradeassociationagreementsthatestablishedthelowestpriceandminimumwa ges.Thiswasthefirsttimethatminimumwageswereintroducedinmajorindustries.Butin1935,theU.S.SupremeCourtruledthatth eNIRAwasunlawful, andtheseinitial minimum wage agreements cameto anend.In 1938, the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) established a national minimum wage of $0.25 an hour. This Act __13__ only applied to a relatively small share of the labor force, but has been __14__ over time so that it now applies to about 90% of all nonsupervisory workers.Introductory economies textbooks usually first introduce the minimum wage as an application of demand and supply analysis. This starting discussion is usually based on the following __15__: the labor market is perfectly1competitive, the minimum wage covers all workers, and worker productivity is __16__ by the wage rate.While minimum wage increases generally receive __17__ public support, economists have generally argued that such laws will result in an increase in the unemployment rate in low-wage labor markets.Anissuerelatedtothatofaminimumwageisagrowingmovementfor a“livingwage”.Living wageproposalssuggestthatthe__ 18__minimumwageistoolowtoallowfamiliestobeabovethepovertylevel.Now,__19__ofthisviewsupport“livingwagelaws”th atrequirethelocalgovernmenttoonlyacceptcontractsfromfirmsthatpaytheirworkersawagethatishighenough to __20__ the workers above the poverty line. Baltimore was the first city to adopt such alawin 1994. UnderBaltim ore’s“living wage”requirement, firms mustpayaworkeranhourlywagethatwillallowafull-timeworkertoreceiveanannualincomegreaterthanorequalto thepovertylevel forafamilyof three.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you’re shopping at the grocery store, you probably expect that the olive oil you see came from, well, olives. And that the organic vegetables were never exposed to poisonous chemicals.Increasingly, however, there’s a chance you might be __41__. In recent years, there has been a rise in reports of so-called food fraud, or attempts by various entities — including storage workers, suppliers and distributors — to alter products and mislead customers and food companies alike for __42__gain. Among the more recent examples: “natural” honey containing antibiotics and Italian companies selling “Italian olive oil” from a b lend of oils that did not __43__ from Italy.By and large, the fraudsters are trying to make easy money — __44__ for a whole food or pricey ingredient, then cutting it with __45__ stuff secretly. But the health consequences can be__46__.How can this happen? In the U.S., the Pure Food and Drug Act has prevented the“manufacture, sale or transportation of misbranded or poisonous foods” since 1906, and similar laws exist in other countries.But most global food regulators, including the U.S. Food and Drug Adm inistration, aren’t__47__ to enforce them effectively. For the most part, they focus on safety standards —__48__that foods don’t contain bacteria or viruses —and rely on companies to police their own ingredients, lest they face __49__ backlash（强烈抵制）. But now that food manufacturing has become globalized, supply chains are longer, creating more opportunities for bad actors to __50__. Anyone who can __51__ substituting cheap ingredients for more expensive ones is going to try.Governments are starting to fight back. In 2014, the U.K. created a food-crime unit that collects reports of food fraud. But in order to prevent fraud in the first place, the food industry needs to __52__ the safeguarding of its own production network. So the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) — a trade group including officials from more than 300 food manufactures —will this year start __53__ its members’ supply chains, from field to table, to identify vulnerabilities.__54__, dozens of other food-industry experts recently teamed up with academics from Michigan State University to launch the Food Fraud Initiative （FFI）, a group that studies fraudsters — specifically, how they avoid safeguards —and then advises food companies on how to get rid of them. “There are plenty of criminals o ut there who are going to wake up and perceive some opportunity for fraud,” says John Spink, director of the FFI. “We just need to make ourselves a(n) __55__ target.”41. A. definite B. peaceful C. optimistic D. wrong42. A. financial B. social C. technological D. potential43. A. initiate B. originate C. withdraw D. profit44. A. asking B. paying C. charging D. harvesting45. A. cheaper B. faulty C. lighter D. bad46. A. ok B. terrific C. incredible D. horrible47. A. honored B. equipped C. justified D. promoted48. A. maintaining B. struggling C. ensuring D. reflecting49. A. consumer B. manufacturer C. market D. organizer50. A. mess around B. make off C. show off D. stand aside51. A. hold on to B. come up with C. get away with D. carry away with52. A. minimize B. upgrade C. publicize D. abandon53. A. recalling B. breaking C. describing D. examining54. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Instead D. Therefore55. A. easier B. nicer C.harder D. rarerSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sleeper trains occupy a romantic corner of any traveler’s soul. One of HerculePoirot’smost fascinating adventures takes place on the Simplon Orient Express, which used to run from Paris to Istanbul. A famous scene in Alfred Hitchcock’s “North by Northwest” features a night train entering a tunnel. James Bond, meanwhile, detects a spy on a sleeper train after noticing him behave suspiciously in the dining car.In some parts of the world, the nostalgia（怀旧）lives on. The Caledonian Sleeper,complete with smartly dressed waiters, neeps and tatties（白萝卜泥和土豆泥）and a selection of whiskies,is the best way to travel between London and Scotland. Elsewhere, however, sleepers are on their last legs. Flights across Europe have become so cheap that fewer and fewer travelers bother with sleeper trains. Sensing that the end is approaching, Andrew Martin, a British writer, has written a book about the sleeper.“Night Trains” is a brief history of the mode, combined with accounts of journeys Mr. Martin has taken on sleeper routes across Europe. The reader joins him on a train Munich, where he eats a tuna sandwich on board. Travelling from Paris to Venice, he thinks he has been robbed of $105. The service to Nice is cancelled, yet such is his love for sleeping aboard that he spends the night on the train as it sits on the platform.These stories make clear that the golden age of the sleeper train is long past. How different things were in the 19th century, when a passenger on the Orient Express could dine on delicacies and good wines. The only modern-day sleeper train which comes up to the Mr. Martin’s exacting standards is the Nordland, which travels towards northern Norway.Those who have no experience of the sleeper trains often as k sleeper enthusiasts: “Do you sleep?” After a read of Mr. Martin’s book, the answer would seem to be a definite “no”: the noise of the train wakes him up time and again. Still, it is hard not to be won over by his enthusiasm. Catch the sleeper train, befo re it’s too late.56. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph two?A. Sleeper trains are the last means of transportation for travelers.B. Travelers tend to fall asleep toward the end of their trip.C. Travelers are too exhausted to walk any longer.D. Sleeper trains are becoming out of fashion.57. After reading the book Night Trains, readers ________.A. may enjoy the scenery on their journey from London to Scotland.B. can have the opportunity to travel on the best train in Europe.C. may have a basic understanding of the history of sleeper trains.D. cannot find a similar train living up to the standards of Mr. Martin.58. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The noise of the train makes it impossible for travelers to sleep well.B. Readers may be discouraged from riding on sleeper trains.C. The writer of the passages suggests not spending nights aboard.D. For enthusiasts, the love for sleepers outweighs the inconvenience caused.59. The author’s purpose of writing th e passage is to ________.A. introduce readers to a new book about sleeper trainsB. compare the advantages of sleeper trains in different periodsC. inform the readers of the rise and fall of sleeper trainsD. recall readers’ memory of an old-fashioned means of transportation(B)Bringing tech into the bedroom can be more harmful than helpful. Glancing at your phone before hitting the bed may be distracting and, more important, the blue light its screen emits is known to make falling asleep more difficult. But that’s not true for all gadgets. These smart-home devices want to invade your bedroom with the aim of improving your sleep.60. All the following gadgets help you with sleep with body contact EXCEPT ________.A.Muse HeadbandB.Here One Smart EarbudsC.Apple I-phoneD. D. S+sleep Monitor61. What is NOT true about blue light?A. Frequent use of cell phones leads to much emission of blue light.B. It makes it harder for your body to produce an essential chemical.C. The Night Shift feature can probably reduce the emission of blue light.D. Blue light reminds you to get to bed and regulates your sleep.62. What’s the best title for the passage?A. Sleep, something well deservedB. Sleep, thy（你的）name is gadgetC. Sleep, a mission made impossibleD. Sleep, highly dependent on tech(C)Earlier this year a series of papers in The Lancet reported that 85 percent of the $265 billion spent each year on medical research is wasted because too often absolutely nothing happens after initial results of a study are published. No follow-up investigations to replicate(复制) or expand on a discovery. No one uses the findings to build new technologies.The problem is not just what happens after publication — scientists often have trouble choosing the right questions and properly designing studies to answer them. Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions. Researchers publish reports on hundreds of treatments for diseases that work in animal models but not in humans. Drug companies find themselves unable to reproduce promising drug targets published by the best academic institutions. The growing recognition that something has gone wrong in the laboratory has led to calls for, as one might guess, more research on research — attempts to find rules to ensure that peer-reviewed studies are, in fact, valid.It will take a concerted effort by scientists and other stakeholders to fix this problem. We can do so by exploring ways to make scientific investigation more reliable and efficient. These may include collaborative team science, study registration, stronger study designs and statistical tools, and better peer review, along with making scientific data widely available so that others can replicate experiments, therefore building trust in the conclusions of those studies.Reproducing other scientists’ analyses or replicating their results has too often in the past been looked down on with a kind of “me-too” derision(嘲笑) that would waste resources — but often they may help avoid false leads that would have been even more wasteful. Perhaps the biggest obstacle to replication is the inaccessibility of data and results necessary to rerun the analyses that went into the original experiments. Searching for such information can be extremely difficult. Investigators die, move and change jobs; computers crash; online links malfunction. Data are sometimes lost —even, as one researcher claimed when confronted about spurious(伪造的) results, eaten by termites(白蚁).There has definitely been some recent progress. An increasing number of journals, including Nature and Science, have adopted measures such as checklists for study design and reporting while improving statistical review and encouraging access to data. Several funding agencies, meanwhile, have asked that researchers outline their plans for sharing data before they can receive a government grant.But it will take much more to achieve a lasting culture change. Investigators should be rewarded for performing good sci ence rather than just getting statistically significant (“positive”) but nonreplicable results. Revising the present incentive(激励) structure may require changes on the part of journals, funders, universities and other research institutions.63. What is the problem reported in those papers in The Lancet?A. Great achievements in medical research failed to get published.B. Money was wasted on follow-up investigations in medical research.C. Too many new research findings are not put into use after publication.D. Few scientists are devoted to building new technologies for mankind.64. Which of the following situation is most similar to the problem described in paragraph 2?A. A high school decides to cut its art programs due to the lack of fund.B. A patient gets sicker because he does not follow the doctor’s advice.C. A marketing firm tests a website with participants that are not target population.D. A drug company fails to produce the new drug due to no access to the latest data.65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Measures are taken to ensure publication of tested results only.B. Scientific experiments must be replicable to be considered valid.C. Experiment replication is unoriginal and not worthwhile.D. Rewards should be given only to those nonreplicable findings.66.The purpose of this article is to ___________.A. argue that scientific research lacks efficiencyB. explain the result of a recent scientific studyC. introduce some recent progress in medical researchD. highlight the possible problems of research studiesSection CDirections:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The way individuals collectively remember, forget, and recall event, people, places, etc, has been an important topic of research on collective memory. 47.______ He developed the concept of collective memory, arguing that individuals memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space.48. They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and survey. For example, one group of research carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely, the Civil War, World War II, and the Iraq War. Although Americans of different ages recalled similar events, the interpretation of some events changed over the generations: both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshina and Nigasak; however, they differed in how they rated the bombings.More recently, memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories: “ Culture an individuals memory are constantly produced through the technology of memory.” Under this perspective, research often involves content analysis of news and the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory. Alternatively, scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by manually analyzing the stories journalists tell as professionals and the stories they tell about their profession. 49.However, developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we track of events both as individuals and as a collective,” The Internet doesn’t forget. “The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting 50.. Analyzing different Web documents, researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.An Extension of the Human BrainOther people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)，much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency . To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways , he or she is participating in what I’ve called a “ social prosthetic (义肢的) system.” Such systems do not need to operate face-to face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expan ding the range of my own social prosthetic system. It’s already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.Regarding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details for future use ------I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do particularly striking when I’m writing; I ‘m no longer comfortable writing if I ’m not connected to the Internet. It’s become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when I ‘m writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “new idea”, I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar-and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ 60V. Translation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.周末你常常挤出一些时间帮父母做家务吗？（spare）73.人工智能最终替代人类是不可能的。
【上海市重点中学】2018-2019学年上外附中高一上英语10月周测试卷及参考答案
2018学年上外高一weekly 10.25Ⅱ. Choice:15%17.Up ______when the country declared war on its neighboring country.A. the oil price wentB. Went the oil pricesC .did the oil prices go D. would the oil prices go18.The dying patient, with all his family_____ around him, ______still in bed ,his mouth occasionally moving a little bit ,as if to say something.A. gathering, lainB. gathering, layC.to gather, laidD. gathered ,laid19.Darigton never regretted ______to attend the party, for she did not like it at all.A. not to be invitedB. being not invitedC. having not be invitedD. not having be invited20.My motto is quite simple; the quest _____ knowledge _____all times.A.to, inB.to, atC. for, at.D. for, in21.This semester, the courses William has taken are History , Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics, among_____ Mathematics _____the most important.122.I can’t seem to find my wallet anywhere in my car. ______it be somewhere in the house?A. MayB. MustC. CanD. Should23.Do tell her everything! She appears _____all the truth.A. having been toldB.to have been toldC.to have told.D. having known24.It’s important that a teacher _____the personality of each of his/her students, trying to avoid conflict.A. must get to knowB. knows wellC. should get to knowD. needs to know25.In the center of the picture are two castles, one of which is_____, if not larger than, the other.A. twice as large asB. twice as largeC.as twice largeD.as twice large as26.United Kingdom, once ______the most powerful country in the world, decline d soon after World War I .A. as beingB. having beenC. /D. was227._____I need right now is a GPS machine, one _____can show me the direction s and guide me to the airport in the shortest time possible.A. All what, that.B. All what, whichC. What,/.D. All what, that28.There should be little doubt of it____ difficulty arises, we should keep working and shall finally overcome it.A. which whenB. that whatC. that whenD. whether that29.A growing problems has emerged involved in the popularity of private cars ____road conditions need _____.A. whether ,to improveB.in which, improvingC. that, to be improvedD. which, to be improved30.T o inspire a lasting love of reading, many parents are trying to motivate their children to read ____books ____when they were young.A. such, as they found much pleasure inB. such, that they found much pleasure inC. those, which they found much pleasureD. the same, that they found much pleasure31.I always bear the statement “Familiarity breeds contempt “”in mind ____ it3comes to ____relationships with others.A.as... build upB. while...set upC. when...,establishingD. that...establishing32.The pilot realized With alarm yet he had got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he was likely to lose control of the plane.A. whereB.at whichC. of whichD.when33.Washing machines made by China have won ____Worldwide attention and the Haier has become household name.A. a, theB./,theC./ ,a D .the ,a34.The country has already sent up three Unmanned is spacecrafts,_____ was launched at the end of last month.A. the most recentB. the most recent of whichC .the most recent of them D. of which it35.The problem with much mobile technology is _____it’s not really designed to be used ____you are actually mobile.A. that, thatB./,whenC. that, whileD. when, that36.T oday’s fishing vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of _____is in the sea is4being caught.A. whatB. thatC. whichD.it37.Frank is working late again. This is the first time this week he’s had to study late,____?A. isn’t heB. hasn’t itC. hasn’t heD. isn’t it38.The police were seeking more information to find out _____ it was ____ killed the rich merchant.A. that, whoB. that, whatC. who, thatD. whom, that39.____ the convenience brought by the popularity of private cars can’t be denied, the problems such as waste of energy, air pollution and traffic jams are thought provoking.A. DespiteB. WhenC.AsD. Though40._____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. EncouragedD. Having encouraged41.China is planning reform to its personal income tax system,____ certain expenditures ____ when taxable income is calculated.5A. allowed, to be taken awayB. allowing, to be taken awayC. allowed, to take awayD. allowing, being taken away42. Wh ere should consider the students’ suggestions _____The school library _____More books on popular science.A. that, providesB. which, provideC. whether, providesD. that ,provide43. The fatally wounded spider was unconscious but still ____ when taken to the hospital.A. liveB. livelyC. livingD. alive44. Although the main characters in her latest novel are so true to life, all of them are _____ .A. imaginativeB. imaginaryC. imaginableD. imaginating45. It’s relaxing for locals to walk along the river after a busy day , breathing fresh air and watching a great many ____ light reflected on the water.A. twinklingB. sparkingC. flashingD. shining646. China recently tightened its waters controls near Huangyan Island _____Chinese fishing boats ____in the South China Sea.A. preventing, to be attackedB. prevented, being attackedC.to prevent, being attackedD.to prevent, attackingⅢClozeMost people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 47 it. Creativity isn’t always connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time 48 think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.Making connections. This technique involves taking 49 ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words6with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the 51 to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original 8 ; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.NO limits! Imagine that normal lim itations don’t exist. You have as much time /space78 / money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 52 . If your goal is to learn to ski, 53 , you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now 54 this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.Be someone else! Look at the situation from a 55 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want ？ Why can’t she get it？ What changes must she make to get what she wants ？ If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their 56 . The best fishermen think like fish!( )47. A. put up with ( )48. A. skillfully ( )49. A. familiar ( )50. A. presented ( )51. A. ideas ( )52. A. possibilities ( )53. A. in fact ( )54. A. devote ( )55. A. private B. catch up with B. routinely B. unrelated B. marked B. ambitions B. limitations B. in particular B. adapt B. global C. make use of C. vividly C. creative C. lit C. achievement C. tendency C. as a whole C. lead C. different D. keep track ofD. deeplyD. imaginativeD. associatedD. techniqueD. practiceD. for instanceD. keepD. characters.( )56. A. positions B. dreams C. images D. directionsⅣReading:16%(A)For many years, Hawaii has been a magic name to people who like to travel. People, both in Japan and in America, dream of seeing this beautiful island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Their dreams always include the sunset over the ocean. The sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea, and it drops .so quickly that you can almost see it move. The sun leaves behind a glow(霞光) that lights the skies and shines in the quiet water.People often have a quiet, peaceful time while walking along the beach. The first strangers to these islands centuries ago were who came from Tahiti in canoes(独木舟) .Now no matter where the people come from, they really want to see the original(原始的) beauty of Hawaii. They want to see the lovely beaches and the mountain called Diamond Head which is almost hidden by the tall hotels.57. The most magic thing on the beautiful islands is ______ .A. the tropical plantsB. a leisurely walk along the beachC. the sunset9D. the quiet water58.______ doesn’t belong to “the original beauty of Hawaii.A.White sand beaches .B. Waving palm trees.B.Tall hotels. D. The Diamond Head Mountain.59.The last paragraph suggests _____.A. the scenery nowadays is totally different from the original beauty.B. it is not quite easy to see the original beauty, because some of the scenery is almost hidden by tall hotels.C. it is easy to see the original beauty ,but only by taking jet planes.D. it is difficult to see the original beauty ,for things have completely changed in the last 25 years.60.The best topic of the passage is _____.A. Islands.B. A Magic Name.C. Travelling in Hawaii.D. Hawaii, the Dramatic Beauty.(B)Trees should only be pruned (修剪) when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily10than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches, which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease , but it is a wound that will heal (愈合). Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is important to make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the materials available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter , for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference (妨碍) from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly .61.Pruning should be done to _____.A．make the tree grow taller.11B．improve the shape of the tree.C．get rid of the small branches .D．make the small branches thicker.62．Trees become unhealthy if the gardener__________.A．allows too many branches to grow in the middleB. does not protect them from the windC. forces them to grow too quickly.D．damages some of the small side branches63.Why is a special material painted on the tree?A．To make a wound smooth.B．To prevent disease entering a wound.C．to cover a rough surface.D．To help a wound to dry.64．What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage?A．To give practical instruction for pruning a tree.B．To give a general description of pruning.12C．To explain how trees develop disease.D．To discuss different methods of pruning.(C)Examinations have a longer history in China than in any other country, yet it is today an issue around in which controversy flourishes. At each stage of their school lives children are faced with exams: exams to enter junior middle school, senior middle school, vocational school, colleges and universities. As a result of having constantly to think of these hurdles facing them children find themselves under constant pressure, unable to take time off from studying exam-oriented subjects to relax with friends or to develop other interests. Within school the concentration on exam success leads to the neglect of courses which are not central to the examinations and a method of teaching and learning which emphasizes training the ability to do well in tests but neglects developing the ability to think creatively.Despite such criticisms the examination system still has its defenders. Without it, they argue, how can we test students’ abilities and evaluate the effectiveness of teachers and schools They believe that they provide the only objective way of selecting students and reduce the exercise of unfair back-door practices to gain advantage for children on the basis of influence or corruption. Examinations are also felt to offer the impetus to students to master their subject in a way in which they otherwise might not. "While too much anxiety can be a bad thing, a little anxiety can stimulate students to learn better than if left without any test to pass," says Li Jie, a leading advocate of the value of testing. "I can remember things now which give me great pleasure which I doubt I would have learned at the time if I had not13had to do so for the examinations.\65.Which of the following statements about emminations in China is correct?A.People can make money out of examination.B.Only students of today have to take examination.C.Students have to learn more about history than about any other subjects.D.People have different opinions concerning the value of examinations.66. What is a possible result if students pay too much attention to examinations？[A] Students neglect those exam-oriented subjects.[B] Students are unable to relax with friends or to develop other interests.[C] Teachers neglect the training of the students' ability to do well in tests.[D] Students only pay attention to the development of their ability to think creatively.67. Which of the following has NOT been mentioned as the advantage of examinations？[A] Examinations are the only objective way of selecting students.[B] Examinations are the only objective way to eliminate the problem of corruption.[C] Examinations can tell us that too much anxiety can be a bad thing.14[D] Examinations can better stimulate students to study.68 Which of the following is an acceptable summary of the organization of this passage？[A] Discussing a problem in education. [B] Refuting (反驳)a long held opinion.[C] Persuading people to believe an idea. [D] Presenting a controversial issue and arguments from both sides.(D)The next time you try for a high-ranking post, you could let your possible boss listen to a recommending phone call“made”by US President George W．Bush or British Prime Minister Tony Blair.Of course, neither of them could really do that for you－you would just ”borrow” their voices. AT&T labs will start selling speech software that, it says, is so good at reproducing the sounds of a human voice that it can recreate voices of long-dead famous people back to life.The software, which turns printed text into speech, makes it possible for a company to use recordings of a person's voice to say things that the person never actually said.Possible customers for the software, which is priced at the thousands of dollars, include telephone call centers, companies that make software that reads digital files aloud, makers of automated voices devices．The advances raise several15problems．Who, for example owns the rights to a famous person's voice? (Some experts even believe that new contracts will be drawn that include voice-licensing clauses.)And although scientists say the technology is not yet good enough to commit fraud(假冒), would the synthesized(合成的)voices at last be able to trick people into thinking that they were getting phone calls or digital audio recordings from people they knew?Even Mr. Fruchterman, one of AT&T lab's possible first customers, said he wondered what the new technology right bring. “Just like you can't trust a photograph any more,” he said, “You won't be able to trust a voice either.”69. With the help of the speech software, it is most possible ________.A. to improve a famous person's speechB. to say what you want in another's voiceC. to make a speech much more easilyD. to help you to find a better job70. If the speech software is widely used, ________.A. people would no longer believe each otherB. it would not be necessary to go for a speech by a famous person16C. no radio or TV broadcasters would be neededD. recording a voice alone would not be taken as a proof in the court71. According to the passage, you can infer that ________.A. the software will turn out to be an immediate success in the marketB. the government will forbid the sale of the software in the marketC. it's hard to decide whether software will enjoy popularityD. the software will soon prove to be nothing but rubbish(4) The passage mainly wants to ________.A. introduce a new softwareB. explain the advantage of a new inventionC. advertise a new kind of productD. describe the future market of a new productKEYS:17-21 BBDCB 22-26 CBCAC 27-31 DCCAC 32-36 ACBCA 37-41 DCCCB 42-46 DDBACKeys:1747-51 CBBAA 52-56 ADDCDKEYS:57-60 CCBDB 61-64 BBAC 65-68 DBCA 69-72 BCAB18。
复旦附中2019届高三第一学期英语第一次摸底考试
复旦附中2019届高三第一学期英语第一次摸底考试（题源来自2018年浦东新区高考三模，语法部分有改动）Ⅰ. Listening (略)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.China’s Good Samaritan Law went into effect on October 1 to encourage people who are ready to help others. Under the law, people who voluntarily offer emergency assistance to those who are, or who they believe to be, injured, ill or in danger, will not have civil responsibility in the event of harm to the victims.The new law aims to ease the reluctance people feel toward helping strangers for fear of legal consequences if they make mistakes in treatment. It is a response to the phenomenon of people __ (21)__ (hesitate) to help fallen senior citizens due to concern that they might be blackmailed (讹诈) later.There has been no shortage of cases over the past decade __ (22) __ people hesitated to offer assistance to those who are in need. And some good Samaritans have been blackmailed for charitable acts. In 2011, a two-year-old girl known as Xiao Yueyue was run over by two cars, and 18 people passed by__ (23) __ offering emergency help. The girl died after days of medical treatment. In 2014, a man from Guangdong Province aided a senior citizen, but __ (24) __ (accuse) of knocking him down. The man committed suicide when __ (25) __ (face) with demands for a large sum of money.These cases __ (26) __ (arouse) debate about morality and heroism in China in recent years. “If you don’t provide help, you will blame yourself, but if you do help, you are likely __ (27) __ (hurt) by the people you help. It is really a difficult choice,” one netizen said on Sina Weibo.__ (28) __ there had been calls for a national Good Samaritan law, only a few cities pushedahead with such laws before the nationwide law came into effect.However, some experts are concerned __ (29) __ there could be some danger from a nationwide Good Samaritan Law. “Rescuers who know little about first aid could bring serious harm to people in critical conditions,” said Yang Lixin, a professor at the Renmin University of China. He hoped the government __ (30) __ introduce details of the policy soon while encouraging people to voluntarily offer assistance.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonly beused once.Notethat thereis onewordmorethanyouneed.MinimumwagelawsintheU.S.werefirstintroducedduringthe1930sinresponsetotheGreatDepress ion.Thisperiodwas__11__byfallingoutput,fallingprices,andfallingemployment.TheNationalIndustri alRecoveryAct(NIRA)of1933attemptedtostopthisdownwardtrendbyencouragingthe__12__oftradea ssociationagreementsthatestablishedthelowestpriceandminimumwages.Thiswasthefirsttimethatmin imumwageswereintroducedinmajorindustries.Butin1935,theU.S.SupremeCourtruledthattheNIRAw asunlawful, andtheseinitial minimum wage agreements cameto anend.In 1938, the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) established a national minimum wage of $0.25 an hour. This Act __13__ only applied to a relatively small share of the labor force, but has been __14__ over time so that it now applies to about 90% of all nonsupervisory workers.Introductory economies textbooks usually first introduce the minimum wage as an application of demand and supply analysis. This starting discussion is usually based on the following __15__: the labor market is perfectly competitive, the minimum wage covers all workers, and worker productivity is __16__ by the wage rate.While minimum wage increases generally receive __17__ public support, economists have generally argued that such laws will result in an increase in the unemployment rate in low-wage labor markets.Anissuerelatedtothatofaminimumwageisagrowingmovementfor a“livingwage”.Living wagepro posalssuggestthatthe__18__minimumwageistoolowtoallowfamiliestobeabovethepovertylevel.Now,__19__ofthisviewsupport“livingwagelaws”thatrequirethelocalgovernmentto onlyacceptcontractsfr omfirmsthatpaytheirworkersawagethatishighenough to __20__ the workers above the poverty line. Baltimore was the first city to adopt such alawin 1994. Under Baltimore’s“living wage”requirement, firms mustpayaworkeranhourlywagethatwillallowafull-timeworkertoreceiveanannualincomegreaterthan orequalto thepovertylevel forafamilyof three.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you’re shopping at the grocery store, you probably expect that the olive oil you see came from, well, olives. And that the organic vegetables were never exposed to poisonous chemicals.Increasingly, however, there’s a chance you might be __41__. In recent years, there has been a rise in reports of so-called food fraud, or attempts by various entities — including storage workers, suppliers and distributors — to alter products and mislead customers and food companies alike for __42__gain. Among the more recent examples: “natural” honey containing antibiotics and Italian companies selling “Italian olive oil” from a blend of oils that did not __43__ from Italy.By and large, the fraudsters are trying to make easy money — __44__ for a whole food or pricey ingredient, then cutting it with __45__ stuff secretly. But the health consequences can be__46__.How can this happen? In the U.S., the Pure Food and Drug Act has prevented the “manufacture, sale or transportation of misbranded or poisonous foods” since 1906, and similar laws exist in other countries.But most global food regulators, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, aren’t__47__ to enforce them effectively. For the most part, they focus on safety standards —__48__that foods don’t contain bacteria or viruses — and rely on companies to police their own ingredients, lest they face __49__ backlash（强烈抵制）. But now that food manufacturing hasbecome globalized, supply chains are longer, creating more opportunities for bad actors to __50__. Anyone who can __51__ substituting cheap ingredients for more expensive ones is going to try.Governments are starting to fight back. In 2014, the U.K. created a food-crime unit that collects reports of food fraud. But in order to prevent fraud in the first place, the food industry needs to __52__ the safeguarding of its own production network. So the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) —a trade group including officials from more than 300 food manufactures —will this year start __53__ its members’ supply chains, from field to table, to identify vulnerabilities.__54__, dozens of other food-industry experts recently teamed up with academics from Michigan State University to launch the Food Fraud Initiative （FFI）, a group that studies fraudsters — specifically, how they avoid safeguards — and then advises food companies on how to get rid of them. “There are plenty of criminals out there who are going to wake up and perceive some opportunity for fraud,” says John Spink, director of the FFI. “We just need to make ourselves a(n) __55__ target.”41. A. definite B. peaceful C. optimistic D. wrong42. A. financial B. social C. technological D. potential43. A. initiate B. originate C. withdraw D. profit44. A. asking B. paying C. charging D. harvesting45. A. cheaper B. faulty C. lighter D. bad46. A. ok B. terrific C. incredible D. horrible47. A. honored B. equipped C. justified D. promoted48. A. maintaining B. struggling C. ensuring D. reflecting49. A. consumer B. manufacturer C. market D. organizer50. A. mess around B. make off C. show off D. stand aside51. A. hold on to B. come up with C. get away with D. carry away with52. A. minimize B. upgrade C. publicize D. abandon53. A. recalling B. breaking C. describing D. examining54. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Instead D. Therefore55. A. easier B. nicer C.harder D. rarerSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sleeper trains occupy a romantic corner of any traveler’s soul. One of HerculePoirot’smost fascinating adventures takes place on the Simplon Orient Express, which used to run from Paris to Istanbul. A famous scene in Alfred Hitchcock’s “North by Northwest” features a night train entering a tunnel. James Bond, meanwhile, detects a spy on a sleeper train after noticing him behave suspiciously in the dining car.In some parts of the world, the nostalgia（怀旧）lives on. The Caledonian Sleeper,complete with smartly dressed waiters, neeps and tatties（白萝卜泥和土豆泥）and a selection of whiskies,is the best way to travel between London and Scotland. Elsewhere, however, sleepers are on their last legs. Flights across Europe have become so cheap that fewer and fewer travelers bother with sleeper trains. Sensing that the end is approaching, Andrew Martin, a British writer, has written a book about the sleeper.“Night Trains” is a brief history of the mode, combined with accounts of journey s Mr. Martin has taken on sleeper routes across Europe. The reader joins him on a train Munich, where he eats a tuna sandwich on board. Travelling from Paris to Venice, he thinks he has been robbed of $105. The service to Nice is cancelled, yet such is his love for sleeping aboard that he spends the night on the train as it sits on the platform.These stories make clear that the golden age of the sleeper train is long past. How different things were in the 19th century, when a passenger on the Orient Express could dine on delicacies and good wines. The only modern-day sleeper train which comes up to the Mr. Martin’s exacting standards is the Nordland, which travels towards northern Norway.Those who have no experience of the sleeper trains often ask sleeper enthusiasts: “Do you sleep?” After a read of Mr. Martin’s book, the answer would seem to be a definite “no”: the noise of the train wakes him up time and again. Still, it is hard not to be won over by his enthusiasm. Catch the sleeper train, before it’s to o late.56. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph two?A. Sleeper trains are the last means of transportation for travelers.B. Travelers tend to fall asleep toward the end of their trip.C. Travelers are too exhausted to walk any longer.D. Sleeper trains are becoming out of fashion.57. After reading the book Night Trains, readers ________.A. may enjoy the scenery on their journey from London to Scotland.B. can have the opportunity to travel on the best train in Europe.C. may have a basic understanding of the history of sleeper trains.D. cannot find a similar train living up to the standards of Mr. Martin.58. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The noise of the train makes it impossible for travelers to sleep well.B. Readers may be discouraged from riding on sleeper trains.C. The writer of the passages suggests not spending nights aboard.D. For enthusiasts, the love for sleepers outweighs the inconvenience caused.59. The author’s purpose of writing the passag e is to ________.A. introduce readers to a new book about sleeper trainsB. compare the advantages of sleeper trains in different periodsC. inform the readers of the rise and fall of sleeper trainsD. recall readers’ memory of an old-fashioned means of transportation(B)Bringing tech into the bedroom can be more harmful than helpful. Glancing at your phone before hitting the bed may be distracting and, more important, the blue light its screen emits is known to make falling asleep more difficult. But tha t’s not true for all gadgets. These smart-home devices want to invade your bedroom with the aim of improving your sleep.60. All the following gadgets help you with sleep with body contact EXCEPT ________.A.Muse HeadbandB.Here One Smart EarbudsC.Apple I-phoneD. D. S+sleep Monitor61. What is NOT true about blue light?A. Frequent use of cell phones leads to much emission of blue light.B. It makes it harder for your body to produce an essential chemical.C. The Night Shift feature can probably reduce the emission of blue light.D. Blue light reminds you to get to bed and regulates your sleep.62. What’s the b est title for the passage?A. Sleep, something well deservedB. Sleep, thy（你的）name is gadgetC. Sleep, a mission made impossibleD. Sleep, highly dependent on tech(C)Earlier this year a series of papers in The Lancet reported that 85 percent of the $265 billion spent each year on medical research is wasted because too often absolutely nothing happens after initial results of a study are published. No follow-up investigations to replicate(复制) or expand on a discovery. No one uses the findings to build new technologies.The problem is not just what happens after publication —scientists often have trouble choosing the right questions and properly designing studies to answer them. Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions. Researchers publish reports on hundreds of treatments for diseases that work in animal models but not in humans. Drug companies find themselves unable to reproduce promising drug targets published by the best academic institutions. The growing recognition that something has gone wrong in the laboratory has led to calls for, as one might guess, more research on research — attempts to find rules to ensure that peer-reviewed studies are, in fact, valid.It will take a concerted effort by scientists and other stakeholders to fix this problem. We can do so by exploring ways to make scientific investigation more reliable and efficient. These may include collaborative team science, study registration, stronger study designs and statistical tools, and better peer review, along with making scientific data widely available so that others can replicate experiments, therefore building trust in the conclusions of those studies.Reproducing other scientists’ analyses or replicating their results has too often in the past been look ed down on with a kind of “me-too” derision(嘲笑) that would waste resources — but often they may help avoid false leads that would have been even more wasteful. Perhaps the biggest obstacle to replication is the inaccessibility of data and results necessary to rerun theanalyses that went into the original experiments. Searching for such information can be extremely difficult. Investigators die, move and change jobs; computers crash; online links malfunction. Data are sometimes lost — even, as one researcher claimed when confronted about spurious(伪造的) results, eaten by termites(白蚁).There has definitely been some recent progress. An increasing number of journals, including Nature and Science, have adopted measures such as checklists for study design and reporting while improving statistical review and encouraging access to data. Several funding agencies, meanwhile, have asked that researchers outline their plans for sharing data before they can receive a government grant.But it will take much more to achieve a lasting culture change. Investigators should be rewarded for performing good science rather than just getting statistically significant (“positive”) but nonreplicable results. Revising the present incentive(激励) structure may require changes on the part of journals, funders, universities and other research institutions.63. What is the problem reported in those papers in The Lancet?A. Great achievements in medical research failed to get published.B. Money was wasted on follow-up investigations in medical research.C. Too many new research findings are not put into use after publication.D. Few scientists are devoted to building new technologies for mankind.64. Which of the following situation is most similar to the problem described in paragraph 2?A. A high school decides to cut its art programs due to the lack of fund.B. A patient gets sicker because he does not follow the doctor’s advice.C. A marketing firm tests a website with participants that are not target population.D. A drug company fails to produce the new drug due to no access to the latest data.65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Measures are taken to ensure publication of tested results only.B. Scientific experiments must be replicable to be considered valid.C. Experiment replication is unoriginal and not worthwhile.D. Rewards should be given only to those nonreplicable findings.66.The purpose of this article is to ___________.A. argue that scientific research lacks efficiencyB. explain the result of a recent scientific studyC. introduce some recent progress in medical researchD. highlight the possible problems of research studiesSection CDirections:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The way individuals collectively remember, forget, and recall event, people, places, etc, has been an important topic of research on collective memory. 47.______ He developed the concept of collective memory, arguing that individuals memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space.48. They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and survey. For example, one group of research carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely, the Civil War, World War II, and the Iraq War. Although Americans of different ages recalled similar events, the interpretation of some events changed over the generations: both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshina and Nigasak; however, they differed in how they rated the bombings.More recently, memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories: “ Culture an individuals memory are constantly produced through the technology of memory.” Under this perspective, research often involves content analysis of newsand the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory. Alternatively, scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by manually analyzing the stories journalists tell as professionals and the stories they tell about their profession. 49.However, developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we track of events both as individuals and as a collective,” The Internet doesn’t forget. “The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting 50.. Analyzing different Web documents, researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.An Extension of the Human BrainOther people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)，much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency . To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways , he or she is participating in what I’ve called a “ social prosthetic (义肢的) system.” Such systems do not need to operate face-to face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic system. It’s already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.Regar ding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details for future use ------I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do particularly striking when I’m writing; I ‘m no longer comfortable writing if I ’m not connected to the Internet. It’s become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For exampl e, when I ‘m writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “new idea”, I now quicklylook to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar-and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ 60V. Translation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.周末你常常挤出一些时间帮父母做家务吗？（spare）73.人工智能最终替代人类是不可能的。
2018复旦附中高一英语10月
学校：_________________ 班级：__________ 学号：_________ 姓名：__________成绩：………………………………………密◎……………………………………封◎……………………………………◎线……………………………………… 2017/10 复旦附中2017学年第一学期10月阶段评估一 高一英语 （满分100分，答卷时间90分钟） 第I 卷 （75分） I. Listening Comprehension 20% Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on you paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a professor's office. B. In a second-hand book shop. C. In a library. D. In a hospital. 2. A. 10 yuan. B. 20 yuan. C. 30 yuan. D. 50 yuan. 3. A. House agent and customer. B. Shop assistant and customer. C. Car mechanic and car owner. D. Employer and employee. 4. A. The man doesn't believe what the woman says. B. The weather report spoils the man's good mood. C. They will cancel the hiking due to the bad weather. D. The man thinks it unnecessary to give up the adventure. 5. A. She always talks bad about her colleagues. B. She has a good reputation among her colleagues. C. She is good at handling complicated relationships. D. She has good relations with her colleagues and boss. 6. A. Harmony in a community. B. Safety in the neighborhood. C. Preparation for Christmas. D. Ways to save electricity. 7. A. Watching advertisements may help ease eyestrain （眼疲劳）. B. It's a great chance to break the habit of watching TV . C. The advertisements are long enough for her to have a nap. D. Focusing eyes on the screen for a long time is harmful to eyes. 8. A. The man decides to go home by rail. B. Most people travel by car during the festival. C. Most people arrive beyond the scheduled time. D. The man will have a sound sleep on the bus. 9. A. He is not a bit overweight. B. He likes his fitness instructor. C. She has set too many rules for him. D. She should talk with his personal trainer. 10. A. Greeks are not allowed to get married before 18. B. Greek kids are not as independent as American kids. C. American parents don’t pay for children's wedding. D. Greek parents will take care of children until they are 18. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The burn is 20 millimeters across. B. The burn is small but very painful. C. The burn takes away the victim's feeling. D. The burn is small but the skin is damaged.12. A. Use a clean plastic bag to keep warm.B. Bind up the burn with bandage or cloth.C. Treat the burned area with cold running water.D. Flush （冲洗）the burn with ice water for several minutes.13. A. To avoid infection. B. To ease pain. C. To speed recovery. D. To reduce stickiness.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A cell phone. B. A leather wallet. C. A mini camera. D. An alarm clock.15. A. The wallet will sound an alarm. B. It will track the thief with GPS system.C. It will contact the bank to block balance.D. Its owner will receive a picture of the thief.16. A. It's out-dated in this digital age. B. It can text messages automatically.C. It is a multifunctional wallet.D. It is unique in appearance and function.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17. A. The concert is beyond her curfew(宵禁). B. She can’t go out on school night.C. Her mother is not available.D. She doesn’t like the band.18. A. His parents set a strict rule for him. B. His parents don’t care when he is back.C. He is self-disciplined and trustworthy.D. He envies those who have curfews.19. A. Promoting maturity. B. Giving sense of security.C. Improving sense of responsibility.D. Discouraging independence.20. A. It’s a severe punishment. B. It’s for her good.C. It’s a ridiculous practice.D. It’s an exceptional case.II. Grammar and vocabulary 20%Section A 5%Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. - I am sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.- I think so. He ________ for it for months.A. is preparingB. was preparingC. had been preparingD. has been preparing22. We’d better hurry up. The airplane _______off at 6:00, and we only have one hour left.A. takesB. takeC. tookD. taken23. Dr. Margaret Chan was eventually selected as the world’s top health official and it is the first time that aChinese ________ such a high-ranking U.N. post.A. holdsB. had heldC. will holdD. has held24. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ________ comfortably.A. is wornB. wearsC. wearD. are worn25. I suppose by the time I come back in ten years’ time all these old houses _______ down.A. will have been pulledB. will be pullingC. will have pulledD. will be pulled26. I _______ in a foreign company for 5 years. Still, I don’t regret giving up the well-paid job.A. workedB. have workedC. had workedD. will work27. The reporter said that the car _________ east to west when he saw it.A. traveledB. had been travelingC. was travelingD. was to travel28. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I _____ a good drink.A. was enjoyingB. had enjoyedC. had been enjoyingD. enjoyed29. -Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets.- You _____ something.A. have leftB. are leavingC. are always leavingD. always left30. We ______ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.A. have hopedB. hopedC. would hopeD. had hopedSection B 5%Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Bangladeshi-American, Salman Khan was born in 1976 to a poor immigrant family. He knew clearly (31)_________ education could give people power and change their lives for the better: Khan went to a public high school (32)_________ “a few classmates were fresh out of jail”, as he told The New York Times, but he got into the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.He got Bachelor of Science degrees in mathematics, electrical engineering and computer science, and also got a Master of Business Administration degree from Harvard Business School. Khan then worked as a successful hedge-fund analyst (对冲基金分析师).It all began in 2004 (33)________ Khan began tutoring his cousins who were having difficulty with math. To make it easier to communicate with them, he decided to put the lessons online as a series of videos. His cousins quickly found that they preferred seeing Khan online.“(34)___________ (have) a video lesson that they could pause and repeat made it easier to learn ” commented Wired magazine, without tiring their tutor.He started to realize that the videos could help a lot more people and never grow old. He then quit his job, made more than 4,800 videos teaching math of all grades, put them online, and started Khan Academy in 2006.“My ideas about teaching were straightforward and deeply personal. I wanted to teach in the way I wished that I(35)_________(teach). I hoped to show the joy of learning, the excitement of understanding things about the universe. I wanted to pass along to students not only the logic but the beauty of math and science,” he wrote in his book The One World Schoolhouse: Education Reimagined.The academy has become so popular across the world (36)__________ celebrities and businesspeople are starting to offer donations, (37)___________(include) Microsoft founder Bill Gates. He has donated more than $9 million (about 57 million yuan) to the academy organization, reported Forbes.However, Khan doesn’t want to make money from it. “My goal is (38)_________(make) learning faster for students of all ages. (39)_____ so little effort on my own part, I can give a large number of people power for all time. I can’t think of a (40)_________ (good) use of my time,” Khan said in his TED talk. Section C 10%Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.age, this traditional tool may become a thing of the past.Cambridge University in Britain is considering ending 800 years of written exams and allowing students to use laptops or Ipads to take exams instead.The move comes after Cambridge teachers complained that students’ handwriting is becoming too hard to recognize. The (42)_________ in being able to write neatly could largely be down to the (43)_________ on laptops in lectures and elsewhere.“There has definitely been a(n)(44)_________ trend. It is difficult for both the students and the examiner as it is harder and harder to read these scripts," Sarah Pearsall, a senior lecturer at the university, told The Telegraph.As a result, more and more students with poor handwriting are being(45) ________ to return to university during the summer holidays to read their answers aloud to university administrators However, some (46) __________ the move, fearing the handwritten word would become a lost art. Tracy Trussell, a handwriting expert at the British Institute of Graphologists, (47) ________ Cambridge to " make sure that students continue to write by hand, particularly in lectures". She told The Telegraph that writing by hand could help students improve their memory and understand lessons better.Meanwhile, there are also concerns that primary and secondary schools could follow Cambridge's exampleIn fact, a similar plan was carried out for some first- and second-year students at Edinburgh University in the UK in 2011, reported The Scotsman. Senior officials at the university believed it was (48)___________ to expect students to use pens and paper during exams when most of their coursework was done using computers.The move also echoes the opinions of Harvard professor Eric Mazur, known as the father of the" flipped classroom(翻转课堂). He believes that the rise of mobile Internet(49)_________ means that we live in an age in which we don’t need to memorize anything Students should be tested on their creative and (50)___________ skills, rather than the ability to remember information, he said during the Times Higher Education World Academic Summit in September.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A 15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individu ality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones—natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intensions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. insultingSection B 20%Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy. It can also be full of challenges, setbacks and heartbreaks. Whatever our circumstances, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires—that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones. Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem, because when we go to change the way we do things, up come the old patterns and pitfalls that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.This tension between what we feel we can have and "what were seemingly able to have is the niggling suffering, the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. But we're never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is us—the real us. It's the part that believes in life and its possibilities. If you drop that, you begin to feel a little "dead" inside because you're dropping "you".So, if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck, how do we break these patterns?Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure orjust getting through today's challenges.While, deep down, we know we can do it, our mind—or the minds of those close to us—usually says we can't. That isn't a reason to stop, it's just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again. It has done it many times before. It's all about starting simple and doing it now.Decide and act before overthinking. When you do this you may feel a little, or large, release from the jail of your mind and you'll be on your way.66. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should ____________ .A. slow down and live a simple lifeB. be careful when we choose to changeC. stick to our dreams under any circumstancesD. be content with what we already have67. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?A. Escape from your punishment.B. Realization of your dreams.C. Freedom from your tension.D. Reduction of your expectations.68. What does the author intend to tell us?A. It's easier than we think to get what we want.B. It's important to learn to accept sufferings in life.C. It's impractical to change our way of thinking.D. It's harder than we expect to follow a new course.A. show students the inspiring lives of historic figuresB. make the world a better place for teachers and studentsC. provide teachers with some useful materials and informationD. help students know that ordinary people can change the world70. What’s the chief purpose of the magazine Ultimate Spiderman?A. To encourage kids to learn about facts of interesting real-life spiders.B. To activate kids to become everyday heroes in real life.C. To tell interesting tidbits about the creation and evolution of Spider-Man.D. To solve a challenging “Spider-Cycle” maze and uncover a mystery cl ue.71. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Mysterious Island is a film made by TIME For Kids and its partner.B. The “Island of Ideas” program aims to cultivate creativity and imagination.C. Teacher’s Guide includes students’ disc ussions, activities and reproducible.D. Ultimate Mysterious X encourages students to uncover the treasure of ideas.(C)While still catching up to men in some sphere of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychologist at New York's Veteran’s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman's increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It's not necessarily that women don't cope as well. It's just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men's,” she observes, “It's just that they're dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic of repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, patents of other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that occurs from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later her marriage ended and she became a single mother: “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses, Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez's experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.63. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?A. Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.B. Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.C. Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.D. Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.64. Dr. Yehuda's research suggests that women_____________________.A. need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.B. have limited capacity for tolerating stress.C. are more capable of avoiding stress.D. are exposed to more stress.65. According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to beA. domestic and temporary.B. irregular and violent.C. durable and frequent.D. trivial and random.66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Strain of Stress: No Way Out?B. Responses to Stress: Gender DifferenceC. Stress Analysis: What Chemicals SayD. Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress第II卷（25分）Grammar Filling 10%1. It was the facial recognition system ____________(install) in security cameras that made it possible for the police ____________ (locate) the suspect.2. When ________(have) lunch, Mr. Williams, my colleague in the finance department, ________(always, complain) about his low salary and extended office hours.3. No effective medical treatment ____________(invent) to eliminate the fatal virus.4. Rather than _________(protect) by his parents, he prefers _________ (depend) on himself.5. They had scarcely arrived at the bank when they _______ (tell) that it was about to close.6. With some vivid facial expressions and body languages, the actor made himself clearly _______.(understand)7. The northern part of the museum which ______________(restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.8. I found Jack completely ____________(absorb) in the book without noticing my entry when I went to look for him.9. The host of the meeting made the demand that all electronic devices _________(switch) off.10. ________ (stick) to your dream and principles, and you will prove yourself.I. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我刚进家门，电话铃就响了。
2018-2019学年高一英语上学期段考试题
2018-2019学年高一英语上学期段考试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How is Alfred according to the man?A. HappyB. HelpfulC. Clean2. What will the man do next?A. Walk along the streetB. Go to the parkC. Move his car3. Why is the woman annoyedA. Her dress was ruinedB. Her friend was madC. She spilled the coffee4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An earthquakeB. A tourist attractionC. A radio program5. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Read an English bookB. Prepare for an examC. Memorize English words 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the matter with the man?A. He can’t finish work.B. He is sick.C. His TV is broken.7. What does the man ask for?A. A TV remote.B. A newspaper.C. A cleaning lady.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
上海市复旦附中2018届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题Word版含答案
复旦附中2018届高三英语开学考t. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for el on an exercise bike linked to a generator(发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their ca produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones ____23______ (attach) to will be able to take part. Fredericka Tomemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitorsigh) percentages in the world , according to the websites visitcopenhagen.dk. US environmental websitel said in a statement.re is one word more than you need.picking up the phone.were seated in his study------surrounded by maybe a thousand books and fell in deep conversation abo ence as an example. ‘’Relationship are mysteries,” my friend said, “Some endure. Others fall apa n over there. ‘Next to a red-frame house were the footings of what had been a _____44____structure. eople left for richer lands in the Midwest. No one took any of the barn. Its roof needed _____55____ old sailing –ship timbers, and then a sharp ____36______of cracks and a tremendous roaring sound. S fellow who owns the places what had happened. He said he figured the rainwater had _____37____in thellels between building a friendship: no matter how strong you are, how notable your attainments, you have to remember that strength, however massive, can’t endure unless it has the interlocking suppo nfidences violated, quarrels unsettled-----all this acts like rainwater ____40_____into the pegs, we ll probably never be rebuilt.”” he said.rdorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still _____42 llful blindness to risk as much as our ____44_____to work together before everything goes to hell. damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work ______45_____in the same spot-unti we ____48____did about the dangers we face. But it turns out that in times of crisis, our greatest e ngineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls. They have got the walls to __51______they wThe city estimates that 15,000 people will need a ____54____out. However, state officials have not y . For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best accordd towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs or motives. Accordingly, it i ontribution are varied, and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily hysiological drives such as huger to a more abstract desire for self-realization, but also that they areeconomic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicated by Morse and Weiss. In line witelieve dying patients of pain and suffering.d the medical principle of “double effects,‘ a centuries-ole moral principle holding that an actionl patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.ients' pain, even thoughincreasing dosages will eventually kill the patient。
2018-2019学年上海复旦附中高一上英语单元测试
Test for Unit One（Oxford English BookⅠ）（Duration 40 minutes: Score Range:0-100）Ⅰ. Grammar and Vocabulary(25/100)1. Patients must be _____ when they are in hospital for the recovery from their illness.A. taken good careB. taken good care ofC. paid attentionD. paid to attention2. Secretaries whose jobs mainly involve writing, ______ phone calls and receiving visitors usually work in offices.A. answeringB. answerC. having answeredD. to answer3. Your body language is the key _____ communication, so proper gestures and postures play a crucial role in our daily life.A. onB. toC. withD. in4. Debbie and Simon looked up at the well-dressed lady when she ____ the office and she looked at ___.A. arrived at…both themB. came into…both themC. entered…them bothD. went in…them both5. The way _____ you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information to the world.A. /B. in whereC. in thatD. which6. You are not polite enough. When you serve customers, you don’t turn your head ____ your body towards them.A. eitherB. orC. notD. neither7. In most cases, a parent’s behavior matters ____ more than ____ he or she says.A. very…thatB. much…whatC. far…whichD. still…how8. Customers preferred ____ Debbie rather than turn to Simon for ___.A. going to…assistanceB. going to…remarksC. to go to…assistanceD. to go to…remarks9. I am now worried about my English presentation, I always have some trouble ___ a good impression ___ front of others.A. to make…onB. making…onC. to make…inD. making …in10. A lack of eye contact might be thought of as a lack of _____ in some western countries.A. boredomB. hostilityC. interestD. confusion11. This boy is very ____ and every morning he _____ me by saying“Good morning”.A. well-mannered…contactsB. well-educating…contactsC. well-mannered…greetsD. well-educating…greets12. All the passengers on board sighed with ____ when the captain announced that he had solved the mechanical problems ___ the engine.A. relief…forB. relief…withC. grief…forD. grief…with13. My business partner is senior ____ me _____ two years.A. to…byB. to…forC. by…toD. by…for14. As old man was sitting in the sun peacefully with a thick pair of glasses ____ on his nose.A. fixingB. puttingC. layingD. resting15. The nurse insisted that the patient should _____ the medicinal cream ____ his would twice a day to avoidinfection.A. apply…toB. rinse…inC. loosen…toD. stress…in16. Don’t worry, I won’t tell your mother you’ve been punished in school. You see, ____.A. It’s none of your businessB. I feel on top of the world17. This exhibition brings together portraits, figure studies and anonymous snapshots to help visitors explore thewildly ___ nature of the human face.A. balancedB. expressiveC. frequentD. ordinary18. A smile can help you out ____ many situations where language seems ___.A. of…adequateB. of…inadequateC. in…adequateD. in…inadequate19. At a job interview, your appearance is _____ the clothes you wear; it also includes projecting the correct ___communication.A. more than…non-verbalB. other than…non-verbalC. more than…verbalD. other than…verbal20. A red light is often used as a danger ____.A. signB. signalC. signatureD. symbol21. Eye contact is also important in ____ the flow of conversation and for ___ the other person’s response.A. judging…maintainingB. judging…ensuringC. maintaining…judgingD. maintaining…ensuring22. Pounding the table, for example, can underline a(n) ____ message.A. subtleB. universalC. easyD. important23. These cheese cakes are delicious, but they cost an arm and a leg. The underlined part means ___.A. are very expensiveB. are harmful to your bodyC. are not readily availableD. are not liked by everyone24. A straight bob ending at the jaw line is the wrong thing to do for a _____ face, for it accentuates the angles ofthe face.A. heart-shapedB. ovalC. squareD. long25. Which of the following sentence is WRONG?A. My money was robbed on my way home.B. I was robbed of my cash.C. A cat robbed me of my sleep this afternoon.D. The bank was robbed last night.Ⅰ. Reading Comprehension（54/100）Section A（30/100）You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. ___26___ they only fight with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes ___27___ until one of the men crashes ___28___ a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead! ___29___ he isn’t really dead. With ___30___ luck he isn’t even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from fast moving trains, who crash cars of even ___31___ fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called stuntmen. That is to say, they ___32___ tricks. There are two ___33___ to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to ___34___ cardboard boxes covered with a mattress. Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they break windows, the glass is made of sugar! But although their work depend on trick of this sort, it also requires a high ___35___ of skill and training. Often a stuntman’s success depends on careful ___36___. For example, when he is “___37___ up” in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, ___38___, skied over the ___39___ of a cliff a thousand feet high. His parachute failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for men only.are stuntgirls too.26. A. As a result B. On one hand C. At the start D. In the end27. A. on B. off C. out D. in28. A. under B. through C. against D. behind29. A. Maybe B. Therefore C. Of course D. What’s more30. A. no B. any C. little D. few31. A. set B. catch C. watch D. extinguish32. A. perform B. follow C. understand D. crack33. A. advantages B. disadvantages C. lines D. sides34. A. tidy B. pretty C. nasty D. empty35. A. speed B. spirit C. degree D. demand36. A. time B. timing C. measure D. measuring37. A. raised B. brought C. cheered D. blown38. A. in fact B. for example C. to be exact D. by contrast39. A. ladder B. face C. edge D. wall40. A. look on as B. show off C. dress up D. turn downSection B(24/100)（A）Have you ever had the experience of talking to someone and you think they are lying? Well, you are not alone. We’ve all had that feeling. But did you know that there are several things you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be noticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people who lie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are telling the trugh. Liars also use deflection. For example, if you ask a liar the question“Did you steal Fatima’s bag?”they may answer with something like“Fatima is my friend. Why would I do that?”In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answering the question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convince you of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. If you think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will spear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve bought the story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which in itself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying. They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to use some of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.41. According to the passage, a person could be lying he or she _____.B. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely42. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.43. The passage mainly talks about ____.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liars（B）A person , like a commodity, needs packaging. But going too far is absolutely undesirable. A little exaggeration, however, does no harm when it shows the person’s unique qualities to their advantages. To show personal attractiveness in a casual and natural way, it is important for one to have a clear knowledge of oneself. A skilled packager knows how to add art to nature without any signs of embellishment, so that the person so packaged is not a commodity but a human being, lively and lovely.A young person, especially a female, shining with beauty and full of life, has all the favor granted by God. Any attempt to make up would be self-defeating. Youth, however, comes and goes in a flash. Packaging for the middle-aged is primarily to hide the marks made by years. If you still enjoy life enough to keep self-confidence and work at pioneering work, you are unique in your natural qualities, and your attractiveness and grace will remain. Elderly people are beautiful if their river of life has been, through plains, mountains and jungles, running its course as it should. You have really lived your life, which now arrives at a self - satisfied stage of quietness and calmness with no interest in fame or wealth. There is no need to make use of hair dyeing. The snowcapped mountain itself is itself a beautiful scene of fairyland. Let your looks change from young to old in step with the natural ageing process so as to keep in harmony with nature, for harmony itself is beauty, while the other way round will only end in unpleasantness.To be in the company of the elderly is like reading a thick book of (better quality) edition, which attracts one so much that one is unwilling to part with it.As long as one finds where one stands, one knows how to package oneself, just as a commodity sets up its brand by the right packaging.44. It can be concluded from the passage that ____.A. people should be packaged at all agesB. people should be packaged in a special wayC. elderly people also care about packagingD. proper packaging makes people attractive45. According to the author, if you want to keep in harmony with nature, you should ____.A. dye your hairB. wear makeup at a young ageC. follow the aging processD. give up fame and wealth46. The underlined part refers to the way of ____.A. dyeing one’s black hair whiteB. keeping in harmony with natureC. packaging oneself skillfullyD. packaging oneself to hide the traces of aging47. The passage implies that elderly people are attractive because ____.A. they are usually packaged like a finely-made bookB. they experience a lot and have rich knowledge of lifeC. they are unique in natural qualitiesD. they enjoy reading thick books of beautiful nature and fairylandSection CRead an except from the novel The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas and put the description of body language intheir places standing side by side by the staircase and Mother waited beside them, ___48___. Father gave them all a quick glance and nodded, looking pleased by what he saw, and then opened the door.Two people stood outside: a rather small man and a taller woman.Father saluted them and ushered them inside, where Maria, ___49___, took their coats and the introductions were made. They spoke to Mother first, which gave Bruno an opportunity to stare at their guests and decide for himself whether they deserved all the hiss being made of them.The Fury was far shorter than Father and not, Bruno supposed, quite as strong. He had dark hair, which was cut quite short, and a tiny moustache—so tiny in fact that Bruno wondered why he bothered with it at all or whether he had simply forgotten a piece when he was shaving. The woman standing beside him, however, was quite the most beautiful woman he had ever seen in his life. She had blonde hair and very red lips, and while the Fury spoke to Mother she ___50___, making him go red with embarrassment.“And these are my children, Fury,”said Father as Gretel and Bruno stepped forward.“Gretel and Bruno.”“And which is which?”the Fury said, which made everyone laugh except for Bruno, who thought it was perfectly obvious which was which and hardly cause for joke. The Fury stretched out his hand and shook their and Gretel ___51___. Bruno was delighted when it went wrong and she almost fell over.“When charming children,”said the beautiful blonde woman.“And how old are they, might I ask?”“I’m twelve but he’s only nine,”said Gretel, looking at her brother with disdain.“And I can speak French too,”she added, which was not strictly speaking true, although she had learned a few phrases in school.“Yes, but why would you want to?”asked the Fury, and this time no one laughed; instead they ___52___ and Gretel stared at him, unsure whether he wanted an answer or not.Ⅰ. Recitation（5/100）Complete the two paragraphs taken from Eye Contact in the More Reading section of Unit one.In many Asian cultures, ___53___ shows respect. It is done when talking with anyone ___54___ or with anyone older.Habits like this can ___55___ when people do not understand them. ___56___. an Asian might close his eyes ___57___ or look down while listening to a speaker. A Western speaker might think the man is not interested.Ⅰ. Translation（16/100）58. 缩小代沟的最佳方法便是提升你的沟通技能。
2018-2019学年高一英语考试试题
2018-2019学年高一英语考试试题温馨提示：本试卷共7个大题，满分100分，90分钟完卷。
I. 单项选择。
（每小题 1 分，共 10分）1. Is ________ ID card on the desk yours?A. theB. aC. anD. /2. As a team, ________ of us are supposed to pull together in order to win the match.A. everyB. eachC. noneD. all3. —When was the concert?—It was ________ half past eight ________ the night of March. 1 0th.A. at; onB. at; atC. on; atD. /; on4. If you want to get more ________ about the trip, don’t wait t o email us at 7509257@.A. messageB. informationC. suggestionD. advantage5. This kind of sea food tastes really ________ and it sells ___ _____ for sure.A. well; goodB. well; wellC. good; wellD. good; good6. ________ it’s not easy to make my dream come true, I will n ever give it up.A. UnlessB. HoweverC. AlthoughD. If7. As long as the rain ________ tomorrow, we will have a scho ol trip.A. stopB. stopsC. will stopD. is stopping8. —People should use public transportation to work rather than by car.—Yeah, ________ cars we use, ________ pollution will be.A. fewer; lessB. less; fewerC. the fewer; the lessD. the less; the fewer9. Brian is a sports star. He is good at ________ basketball __ ______ tennis.A. not only; but alsoB. neither; norC. as; asD. not; but10. —I wonder ________.—Well, she is humorous and beautiful.A. what’s Kevin’s mother likeB. what Kevin’s mother likesC. what does Kevin’s mother look likeD. what Kevin’s mother is likeⅡ.完形填空。
2017-2018-复旦附中-高三上开学考
复旦附中2018届高三英语开学考I. Listening Comprehension（听力部分略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Crown Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator(发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity-roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will ______21_____（give）meat tickets worth $ 36 _____22_____they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones ____23______ (attach) to the handlebars measuring how much power _____24_____ (generate) for the hotel.The plan, a world-first, _____25______ (start) on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Fredericka Tomemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There ____26______be people who will cycle just _____27_____(get) a free meal, but generally I don’t think people will take advantage of our programme.”Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of _____28______(high) percentages in the world , according to the websites visitcopenhagen.dk. US environmental website recently voted Copenhagen the world’s best city for cyclists. “____29___Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well _______30___a symbol of the hotel’s green profile(形象).”If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. soundB. patchingC. seriesD.careerE.listF. inevitablyG. tormented H. seeping I. perishable J.settled K.sizableAn old friendship had grown cold. Where once there had been closeness, there was only strain. Now pride kept me from picking up the phone.Then one day I dropped in another old friend, who’s had a long _____31_____as a prime minister and counselor. We were seated in his study------surrounded by maybe a thousand books and fell in deep conversation about everything from small computers to the ____32_____life of Beethoven.The subject finally turned to friendship and how______33_____it seems to be these days. I mentioned my own experience as an example. ‘’Relationship are mysteries,” my friend said, “Some endure. Others fall apart.”Gazing out his window to the wooded Vermont hills, he pointed toward a neighboring farm,” Used to be a large barn over there. ‘Next to a red-frame house were the footings of what had been a _____44____structure.“It was solidly built, probably in the 1870s. But like so many of the places around here, it went down because people left for richer lands in the Midwest. No one took any of the barn. Its roof needed _____55____; rainwatergot under the caves and dripped down the posts and beams.”One day a high wind came along, and the whole barn began to tremble. “You could hear this cracking, first, like old sailing –ship timbers, and then a sharp ____36______of cracks and a tremendous roaring sound. Suddenly it was a heap of scrap lumber.”“After the storm blew over, I went down and saw these beautiful, old oak timbers, solid as could be. I asked the fellow who owns the places what had happened. He said he figured the rainwater had _____37____in the pinholes, where wooden dowels held the joints together. Once those pins were rotted, there was nothing to link the giant beams together.”We both gazed down the hill. Now all that was left of the barn was its cellar and its border of lilac shrubs.My friend said that he had turned the incident over and over in his mind, and finally came to recognize some parallels between building a friendship: no matter how strong you are, how notable your attainments, you have enduring significance only in your relationship to others.“To make your life a ____38_______structure that will serve others and fulfill your own potential,” he said, “you have to remember that strength, however massive, can’t endure unless it has the interlocking support of others. Go it alone and you’ll ____39____tumble.”“Relationships have to be cared for,” he added, “like the roof of a barn. Letters unwritten, thanks unsaid, confidences violated, quarrels unsettled-----all this acts like rainwater ____40_____into the pegs, weakening the link between the beams.”My friend shook his head, “ It was a good barn. And it would have taken little to keep it good repair. Now it will probably never be rebuilt.”Later that afternoon, I got ready to leave. “You would like to borrow my phone to make a call, I don’t suppose?” he said.“Yes,” I said, “ I think I would. Very much.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disease only after one has just struck them. -_____41___that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still _____42______in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S history, on live TV. Anyone who didn’t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made _____43______worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our ____44_____to work together before everything goes to hell.Granted, some amount of delusion(错觉) is probably part of the human condition. In A.D.63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work ______45_____in the same spot-until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a _____46____of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at ______47____themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we ____48____did about the dangers we face. But it turns out that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is ____49____the storm, the quake or the surge itself. More often it is ourselves.So what has happened in the year that ____50_____the disaster on the Gulf Coast? In New Orleans, the ArmyCorps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls. They have got the walls to __51______they were before Katrina, more or less. That’s not ___52______, we can now say with confidence. But it may be all ______53_____can be expected from one year of hustle.（忙碌）Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to evacuate the sick and the disabled. The city estimates that 15,000 people will need a ____54____out. However, state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken. The ____55____with no neighboring communities are on going and difficult.41. A. To B. By C. On D. For42. A. fresh B. obvious C. apparent D. evident43. A. little B. less C. more D. much44. A. reluctance B. rejection C. denial D. decline45. A. revising B. refining C.rebuilding D. retrieving46. A. review B. reminder C. concept D. prospect47. A. preparing B. protesting C. protecting D. prevailing48. A. never B. ever C. then D. before49. A. merely B. rarely C. incidentally D. accidently50. A. ensued B. traced C. followed D. occurred51. A. which B. where C. what D. when52. A. enough B. certain C. conclusive D. final53. A. but B. as C. that D. those54. A. ride B. trail C. path D. track55. A. conventions B. notifications C. communications D. negotiationsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Most conceptions of the process of motivation begin with the assumption that behavior is , at least in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs or motives. Accordingly, it is appropriate to begin our consideration of motivation in the work place by examing the motive for working . Simon points out that an organization should be able to secure the participation of a person by offering him inducements (引诱)which contribution are varied, and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily be based on the needs of the individuals.Maslow examines in detail what these needs are. He pointed out not only that there are many needs ranging from basic physiological drives such as huger to a more abstract desire for self-realization, but also that they are arranged in a hierarchy(等级制度)whereby the lower-order needs must to a large degree be satisfied before the higher-order ones come into play.One of the most obvious ways in which work organizations attract and retain members is through the realization that economic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicated by Morse and Weiss. In line with the social respect and self-realization needs discussed by Maslow, factors such as associations with others, self-respect gained through the work, and a high interest value of the work can serve effectively to induce people to work.56. According to Maslow, a work organization is able to motivate people to work by _______.A. satisfying their physiological needs.B. satisfying their self-realization needs.C. satisfying hierarchy of their higher-order needD. first satisfying their lower-order needs.57. Which of the following statements may be supported by Morse and Weiss?A. Physiological needs are the most basic.B. There is a hierarchy of needs that must be met.C. Economic factors are the greatest inducement.D. Personal esteem and the gaining of power is the most important factor.58. Simon points out that________________.A. the needs of individuals range from hunger to self-realization.B. economic factors are not the only inducement for workingC. effective inducements must be based on what individuals wantD. inducements must not be varied(B)The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeds to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effects,‘ a centuries-ole moral principle holding that an action having two effects----a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen---is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient。
上海师大附中2018届高三上学期开学考试英语试题 Word版含答案
2017学年髙三英语试题(试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening Comprehension (25’)II. Grammar and vocabulary (20’)Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.You know that business of business is making money. What you may not realize is : 21 simple that business is. You need two fundamental ingredients—-a good product that customers want to own, and bright, charismatic people who will 22 sell it and, if necessary, defend it. And of the two 23 (desire) product and competent people—good people are, in the long run, more important than good products.You can't expect to produce one popular product after another. You can, however, cover your bets by staffing your enterprise with superb employees who will continue to reflect the company’s stren gths 24 24 the products are weak. It is your responsibility to keep those employees 25 (perform) as well as they can. They won’t remain superb 26 reliable leadership and, in fact, there is a perfect time to address this issue. Most successful companies have a defining moment 27 profits are skyrocketing, and business 28 not be better. That is precisely the time to look closely at your customer service. That you are earning more money than ever before 29 (indicate) your product is terrific, but it doesn’t necessarily mean the same about your customer service. It is the ideal time to examine your reputation and expand the success you earning from your product to include customer service.Every business wants to be known for its customer service. Although even a slow but steady giant such as Radio Shack Corporation will often come up with a hot product, it is its customer service 30 keeps it in business year after year.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlybe used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Throughout history, people have fought bitter wars over political ideology, national sovereignty and religious expression. How much more 31 will these conflicts be when people fight over the Earth’s most indispensable resource water? We may find out in the not-too-distant future if projections about the 32 of water in the Middle East and other regions prove correct. Less than thr ee percent of the planet’s 33 is fresh water, and almost two-thirds of this amount is 34 in ice caps, glaciers, and underground aquifers too deep or too remote to access. In her book, Pillars of Sand-Can the Irrigation Miracle Last, Sandra Postel outlines three forces that 35 tension and conflict over freshwater: Using up the water “resource pie”. In India, the world’s second-most populous nation, with over 1 billion inhabitants, the rate of groundwater 36 is twice that of recharge, a deficit higher than in any other country. Although water is a renewable resource, it is not a(n) 37 one. The freshwater available today for more than 6 billion people is no greater than it was 2,000 years ago, when global population was approximately 200 million. (The current U.S. population is 287 million.)Global 38 accounts for about 70% of all freshwater use. In five of the world's most water-stressed, controversial areas the Aral Sea region, the Ganges, the Jordan, the Nileland and Tigris-Euphrates population increases of up to 75% are projected by 2025. With the fastest rate of growth in the world, the population of Palestinian territory will more than 39 over the next generation. Most experts agree that, because of geography, population 40 and politics, water wars are most likely to break out in the Middle East, a region where the amount of available freshwater per capita will decrease by about 50% over the next generation.III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In an ideal world, people would not perform experiments on animals. For the people, they are expensive. For the animals, they are stressful and often painful. That ideal world,number of animal experiments carried out in the European Union, by requiring toxicity tests on everybeen tested. It wants 30,000 of these to be examined right away, and plans to spend between $ 4 billion -$ 8 billion doing so. The number of animals used for toxicity testing in Europe will thus, experts reckon, quintuple (翻五倍）from just over 1 million a year to about 5 , unless they areexperimentation will therefore be around for some time yet. But the search for substitutes continues.responsible for breaking toxic chemicals down into safer molecules that can then be eliminated from body. Two firms, one large and one small, told the meeting how they were using human liver cells removed incidentally during surgery to test various substances for long-term toxic effects.PrimeCyte, the small firm, grows its cells in cultures(士音养基）over a few weeks and dosesIf the number of cells in a culture changes after a sample is added, that suggests the chemicalof the lungs. According to Huang Song, one of Epithelix's researchers, the firm's cultured cellssame way to various chemical messengers. Dr. Huang says that they could be used in long-term toxicity tests of airborne chemicals and could also help identify treatments for lung diseases.All this suggests that though there is still some way to go before drugs, vaccines and other substances can be tested routinely on cells rather than live animals, useful progress is being made.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Personality may play only a small part in leadership effectiveness but there is no doubt that some leaders have a certain magic that leaves peers envious and followers entranced. If you could bottle this leadership X-factor — charisma- the queue of interested executives would be a long-one. But what qualities can these often highly successful leaders be said to possess?As individuals, charismatic leaders have highly developed communication skills, including the ability to convey emotions easily and naturally to others, says Ronald Riggio, professor of leadership and organizational psychology. “They are able to inspire and arouse the emotions of followers through their emotional ex pressiveness and verbal skills.”“They, connect with followers because they seem to truly understand others' feelings and concerns.”“And they are great role models because they have the ability to engage others socially and display appropriate role-playin g skills that allow them to walk the talk,” Professor Riggio says.“One quality we like in our leaders is if they are seen to really represent us. We think someone is more charismatic, the more they represent our collective identity,” Professor Van Knippenberg says. In this way, a charismatic leader is somehow a larger-than-life version of ourselves.Academics say that charismatic leaders also manage to stand out from the crowd. They might do this by being unconventional or by taking a different approach to problem-solving, for example.“They are up for new things, and they are not stuck in the status quo. They are open-to out-of-the-box thinldng, etc. An optimistic, energetic quality helps us to see leadership qualities in them and makes us open to their influence,” he says. . .“A lot of charismatic leadership, and leadership in general, is very contextual. It's really entrepreneurial firms. It's also good for turnarounds if the organization is in a bad state because it Kai Peters, the chief executive of Ashridge Business School.But not every organization needs a charismatic leader. Leaders loaded with the X®1 narcissistic(自恋的)，self-glorifying, exploitative and authoritarian (专制的).As Peters says: “ Where it is a problem is where you have' look at me, I'm a star'.”56.Which word is closest in meaning to charisma in the first paragraph?A.charmB. characterC. gratitudeD. optimism57.The charismatic leaders become great role models due to their -A. proper role-playing skillsB. subtle emotional expressivenessC. marvelous problem-solving abilityD. unconventionality in the crowds58. According to Professor Knippenberg, what kind of leaders would be welcomed by us?A. The one who has a heroical image.B. The one who can speak for us.C. The one who is a collective version of us.D. The one who resembles us in characteristic.59.Whafs Peters’ attitude towards the contextual feature of charismatic leadership?A. CriticalB. ApprovedC. NeutralD. Suspicious(B)4 Hotels That Will Make Your Life EasierBy John BrandonFor the business traveler who’s all about efficiency: check out these hotels that will get you in and out with a minimum trouble. , .When you’re pressed for time on a business trip, nothing can infuriate you more than a slow hotel check-in process. On your next trip, try these hotels that offer a speedier check-in process. 1: Yotel New York -The self-service kiosks at this high-tech New York -hotel are open 24x7 and work just like the ones you’d see at an airport. There are just five-steps to register and obtain your card key. There's even a robotic luggage bellboy. You tap in the number of bags you're carrying and sizes, then wait for a robot arm to swing down and store your luggage in a locker(say, for a day trip). This also speeds up the check-in process if the first thing you need to do, like me,is head to a series of meetings.2: Marriott Detroit AirportAnother option for business travelers in a hurry: Marriott is rolling out its mobile check-in app to 325 hotels this year, including the Marriott Detr oit Airport hotel. (I’ve tested the app itself but not for a real visit quite yet.) here is the basic idea: you download the iPhone or Android app. The night before, you can “check-in” virtual ly. When you arrive, you get an alert that the room is ready and your key, which is already tied to your reservation, is waiting for you at the desk.3. Hyatt Regency MinneapolisI happened to stay at this hotel recently and liked haw fast the kiosk check-in works. Like the Yotel, the kiosk asks you to insert your credit card, similar to an airport terminal. The whole process took about 3' minutes. When I left, I was equally impressed with the fast check-out：An agent meets you in the lobby with, an iPad and asks for an email to use for a receipt. The big advantage: you never have to wait in line. .. '4. Radisson LaCrosseThe Radisson is trying to make the kiosk process even faster. At a few select hotels like the Radisson Lacrosse in Wisconsin，you use a mobile app to register the then receive a barcode by email or text. When you get to the kiosk, you can scan the barcode to get your key without any other steps required. It's super fast. You can find this new check-in system at the Radisson hotels in Salt Lake City, Seattle, and Phoenix as well .60. What does the word ‘infuriate’, in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. annoyB. remindC. amuseD. impress61. Which two hotels offer a mobile app for customers to check in ?A. Yotel New York and Marriott Detroit AirportB. Marriott Detroit Airport and Radisson LaCrosseC. Marriott Detroit Airport and Hyatt Regency MinneapolisD. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis and Radisson LaCrosse62. Which1 hotel will send you a receipt by email?A. Yotel New York'B. Marriott Detroit AirportC. Radisson LaCrosseD. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis(C)Increasingly, over the past few decades, people especially young people, have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat，particularly processed food, is not good for health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods. Foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in fanning today. 'Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished byunused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount—but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场).c-o/mpare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than i rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins. There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food ! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two j centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide j us with energy, in the form, of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, forexample, the fiber has been removed：But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantifies of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of wholemeal bread and more vegetables by modem experts on “healthy eating".63. People have become more interested in natural foods because .A. they are more health consciousB. they want to taste all kinds of foodsC. natural foods are more delicious than processed foodsD. they want to return to nature64. Soil that is rich in organic matter .A. has had chemicals and fertilizer added to itB. contains vegetable matter that has not been consumedC. has been nourished by fertilizer 'D. already, contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals.65. According to, the passage, .A. people need sugar to give them energyB. sugar is bad for healthC. the addiction of eating sugar makes people depend on itD. sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful66. The best title for this passage is .A. People’s Growing Interest in Natural FoodsB. Natural Foods and Health DietC. Harmful Effects of SugarD. The Importance of Fibre in FoodsSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be-used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you needThis Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think, about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. ____67___ They annoy usbecause they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also, responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. ____68____Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking likea fool?First, understand that some opportunities for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. ____69____And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative ideawhile you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. ____70____.Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.IV. summaryDirections: Read the passage carefully. Write a summary of the passage in no more than 60 words.Stress for a teenager is as real as stress for an adult. Therefore, it’s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.When parents change their jobs or if the family "decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides schoolwork to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.Extra curricular（课外活动）such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child's mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs suchas poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.V. Translation ,Directions: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.71.各国科学家正加强合作，寻求节能的有效方法。
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I. Choice复旦附中2018-2019学年高一开学考考卷题型分析复旦附中高一英语练习单选分析1.Rather than read the science fiction alone in the classroom he preferred theperformance put on by the American student’s choir.A.watchingB. watchC. having watchedD.to watch【考点分析】答案选D,考察p refer to do sth rather than do sth【核心单词】performance 表演put on 上映表演2.Eggs in the shopping center are sold .A.by dozenB. by the dozenC. in dozensD. in the dozens【考点分析】答案选C，考察固定搭配i n dozens 按打计算【核心单词】in dozens3.The Chinese government has decided to boycott the imported beef from UK for the purpose ofthe local citizen from mad cow disease.A.protectingB. preservingC. reservingD. releasing【考点分析】答案选A，根据词意及句意来回答，protect 保护，preserve 保存，reserve 储备保存，r elease 释放【核心单词】import 进口，mad cow disease 进口4. Paper produced every year is the world’s production ofvehicles.A. as three times heavy asB. the three time weight ofC. three times the weight ofD. three times heavier as【考点分析】答案选C，考察倍数的表达法倍数the nof…..倍数比较级t han…倍数a s…as…【核心单词】produce 产生，vehicle 交通工具5.Don’t worry about it. My dog will the gate of my house when I am away.A.defendB. protectC. saveD. guard【考点分析】答案选D，根据词意及句意来选择，defend 防卫，protect 保护，save拯救，guard 守卫【核心单词】worry about 担心…6.He set aside much money for his tuition each month and only a amount of moneywent to his living expense.A.littleB. smallC. tinyD. few【考点分析】答案选B，修饰a mount 只能用l arge/small【核心单词】set aside 留出7.This clever boy absorbed almost all his teacher could give him.A.whichB. /C. whatD. as【考点分析】答案选B，定语从句，先行词在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略【核心单词】absorb 吸收8.in thought, he failed to realize his mother’s approach.A. LosingB. Being lostC. LostD. To be lost【考点分析】答案选C，考察过去分词，lost in thought 沉浸在思考中【核心单词】approach 接近临近9.The whereabouts of Bin Laden has become a focus of media’s.A.observationB. noticeC. intentionD. attention【考点分析】答案选D，根据句意来判断【核心单词】observation 观察，notice 注意，intention 紧张，attention 注意力10.Walk of the street, and you can see a post office just around the corner.A.at the endB. in the endC. to the endD. to an end【考点分析】答案选C，根据句意来判断，走到街头的末端【核心单词】around the corner 在街角处11.You really don’t know what to do your mother’s kindness.A.in place ofB. instead ofC. ahead ofD. in return for【考点分析】答案选D，in return for 作为对…回报【核心单词】in place of 代替，instead of 代替，ahead of 在…之前12.The panda to China is threatened with extinction. Something must be done to save her from danger.A. naturalB. localC. nativeD. rural【考点分析】答案选C，native to 对….来说是本土的本地的【核心单词】threaten 威胁，extinction 灭绝13.Many searchlights were used to the missing passengers on the spot the air crash occurred.A. situate….whichB. search ….. whereC. search for….whichD. locate ….where【考点分析】答案选D，locate 给…确定位置【核心单词】searchlight 探照灯14.Venus Fly-Trap has two special levels and leaf has several hairs in the middle.A. anyB. eitherC. bothD. none【考点分析】答案选B，根据前面有t wo ，而谓语为单数h as 用e ither【核心单词】special 特殊的15.It was late to catch a bus after the party, we called a taxi.A.too much…..moreoverB. too much ….. thereforeC. much too …. thereforeD. much too…. moreover【考点分析】答案选C，much too 十分，非常，t herefore 所以【核心单词】catch a bus 赶公交车16.It is believed that type of tree grows than the Giant Redwood.A. not any ….. more highlyB. no other …. higherC. no other ….more highlyD. not any….. higher【考点分析】答案选D，highly 表示程度上高度地, 根据句意来判断17.Too much rainfall failed to the growth of these plants.A. encourageB. discourageC. disappointD. appoint【考点分析】答案选A，根据词意及句意来判断【核心单词】encourage 鼓励，discourage 劝阻，阻碍，disappoint，appoint 任命18.Our English monitor can sing , if not better than, Mary.A. as good asB. as well asC. so well asD. so good as【考点分析】答案选B，前面有ｓｉｎｇ，后面用副词【核心单词】monitor 班长19.We know for sure that the Venus Fly-Trap insects for food.A. catchesB. holdsC. mastersD. kidnaps【考点分析】答案选Ａ，catch insects 抓昆虫【核心单词】kidnap 绑架20.Admission will be free to wears the school uniform and the school badge.A. anyoneB. whoC. whoeverD. whom【考点分析】答案选Ｃ，根据句意来判断【核心单词】admission 允许21.The first prize to Mr. Brown for his outstanding design of his banknote counting machine.A. rewardedB. awardedC. presentedD. went【考点分析】答案选Ｄ，根据句意来判断【核心单词】reward 报酬，报答，award 奖励，present 赠送22.Nuseries are the areas where plants are grown to be sold or in other places.A. being plantedB. to plantC. plantD. planted【考点分析】答案选Ｄ过去分词表被动23.Ecology is the study of the relationship between plants, animal, people and their .A. conditionB. situationC. environmentD. atmosphere【考点分析】答案选Ｃ，根据句意来回答【核心单词】condition 条件，situation 情境，environment 环境，atmosphere 气氛24.We parted from each other at the crossroads and returned to our houses.A. respectedB. respectfulC. respectableD. respective【考点分析】答案选Ｄ，词意辨析【核心单词】respect 尊敬，respectful 彬彬有礼的，respectable 受人尊敬的25.Mimosa, 15 cm in height, is a sensitive small plant, which will close when .A. touchingB. touchedC. is touchedD. to be touched【考点分析】答案选Ｂ，过去分词表被动whenｉｔｉｓｐｌａｎｔｅｄ【核心单词】sensitive 敏感的26.As a matter of fact, we raise at home are collected from the wild forest.A. most the plantsB. most of plantsC. most of the plantsD. most of plant【考点分析】答案选Ｃ，most of the plants 大多数植物【核心单词】ａs a matter of fact 事实上27.I thought that they were unhappy at the party when they got nothing to eat, ?A. didn’t IB. do IC. were theyD. weren’t they【考点分析】答案选Ｄ，宾语从句I thoughtｔｈａｔ跟从句保持一致28.I referred to in class is the weird world of plants.A. Knowing to be the best chapterB. Known as the best chapterC. The best-known chapterD. To know it as the best chapter【考点分析】答案选Ｃ，根据句意来判断，ｔhe best-known chapter 最有名的章节29.---Will professor Brown attend her wedding ceremony?--- It will not be so.A.particularlyB. necessarilyC. commonlyD. regularly【考点分析】答案选Ｂ，necessarily 有必要的词意辨析【核心单词】particularly 特别是，尤其是，commonly 普遍地，regularly 定期地30.---How are we going to make our language teaching more efficient?--- the teaching methodol，ogy.A.To improveB. ImprovingC. Having improvedD. By improving【考点分析】答案为Ｄ，回答ｈｏｗ的疑问句用b y ｄｏｉｎｇｓｔｈ【核心单词】efficient 高效的Ⅱ.Close Test(A)31 to us all,Martin Luther King was the black leader in America,who devoted his life to the racial equality,and died for his beliefs.The following is a(n) 32 from his famous speech delivered in the large audience of American people.The speech is called “I have a dream”.I say to you today,my friend,even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow,I will have a dream.It is a dream deeply__33 in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this 34 will rise up and live out the true meaning of its belief that “all men are35 equal”.I have a dream that the sons of 36 slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of 37 .I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis(绿洲）o f freedom and justice.I have a dreamthat my four little children will one day live in a nation 38 they will not be judged by the color of their skin 39 by the content of their character.I have a dream that one day little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.This is our hope and faith. 40 this faith, we will work together, pray together, struggle together, go to jail together, stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.31.A.It is known B.As it is known C.As is known D.We all know 32.A.storyB.fictionC.speechD.except33.A.rooted B.mixed C.rested D.grown 34.A.stateB.nationernmentmunity35.A.discovered B.invented C.created D.borntter B.former te D.previous37.A.manhood B.brotherhood C.boyhood D.sisterhood38.A.which B.where C.that D.what39.A.and B.either C.but D.though40.A.As B.With C.For D.ByKeys:31-35 CDABC 36-40 BBBCB(B)A 25-year-old architectural designer spends at least five hours a day_ 41 on the Internet,but not just for work 42 sending e-mails to friends. To him,the most important thing is 43 he can have on-line talks with his girlfriends,a primary school teacher in south China.A shy young man is active in the virtual world. 44 his girlfriend, he has many on- line good friends .“It’s not a 45 thing for net chatters to have on-line friends of the opposite sex or even 46 a girlfriend or a boyfriend ，”said a graduate student ofBeijing university.“Many of 47 classmates and friends have had such an experience.”He and his girlfriend surnamed Wang first met on the Internet, and on-line discussions became the starting 48 of their love story.Nowadays “Net-love”is no longer a strange 49 to many young Chinese,and on-line recreational activities have sprung up.Evidences show that the number of net chatter in China 50 79.5 million by the end of last year.and 32.2 percent of the them said that the purpose of surfing on the Internet was to have fun and make friends.41.A.to surf B.having surfed C.surf D.surfing 42.A.orB.andC.eitherD.neither 43.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whom44.A.Except that B.except C.In addition D.Besides45.A.fair B.bare ual D.rare46.A.to chat B.to search C. to hunt D. to locate47.A.hisB.herC.myD.their48.A.top B.point C.tip D.spot49.A.wordB.vocabularyC.phraseD.letter50.A.ad reached B.had arrived C.would rise D.would raiseKeys :41-45 DACDD 46-50 DCBAA【浦东复旦附中】(A)I arrived in the United States on February 6, 1966, but I remember my first day here very clearly. My friend was waiting for me when my plane landed at Kennedy Airport at three o’clock in the afternoon. The weather was very cold and it was snowing, but I was too excited to mind. From the airport, my friend and I took a taxi to my hotel. On the way, I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the first time and I stared in astonishment at the famous skyscrapers and their man-made beauty. My friend helped me unpack at the hotel and then left me because he had to go back to work. He promised to return the next day.Shortly after my friend had left, I went to a restaurant near the hotel to get something to eat. Because I couldn’t speak a word of English, I couldn’t tell the waiter what I wanted. I was very upset and started to make some gestures, but the waiter didn’t understand me. Finally, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was eating. After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway until I came to Times Square with its movie theatres, neon lights, and huge crowds of people. I did not feel tired, so I continued to walk around the city. I wanted to see everything on my first day. I knew it was impossible, but I wanted to try.When I returned to the hotel, I was exhausted, but I couldn’t sleep because I kept hearing the fire and police sirens during the night. I lay awake and thought about New York. It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildings and big cars, and full of noise and busy people. I also decided right then that I had to learn to speak English.（）51.He did not have what he really wanted, because .A.h e only made some gesturesB.h e did not order at allC.h e could not make himself understoodD.the waiter was unwilling to serve（）52.The waiter .A.k new what he orderedB.f inally understood what he saidC.t ook the order through his gesturesD.s erved the same thing the man at the next table was having（）53. After dinner, he .A.w alked back to the hotel right awayB.h ad a walking tour about the cityC.w ent to the moviesD.d id some shopping on Broadway（）54. That night he could not sleep because .A.h e did not know what to do the next dayB.h e was not tired at allC.h e kept hearing the fire and police sirensD.he was thinking about the great cityKeys: 51-54.CDBD文章主要讲解了作者当年初到美国第一个夜晚自己一个人的所欲所思。