考研英语长难句经典例子解析
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文d
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. Indeed , the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber ( without an actual monkey to eat it ) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin .结构：•Indeed , the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber [主] ( without an actual monkey to eat it ) was [系] enough [表] to induce resentment in a female capuchin [状]单词：Induce vt.引起引诱劝说Deduce vt.推断Reduce vt.减少Resentment n.不满词组：Enough to 足以足够做直译：事实上，仅仅在其他房间出现了葡萄（并没有被猴子真正吃掉），就足够引起雌性卷尾猴的不满译文：的确，仅仅一颗葡萄出现在另一间小室（不管有没有猴子吃它）就足以引发雌性卷尾猴的怨气2. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys ,like humans , are guided by social emotions . In the wild , they are a co-operative , group-living species .结构：•The researchers [主] suggest [谓]•宾语从句：that capuchin monkeys [主]•插入语：,like humans ,•are guided [谓（被）] by social emotions [宾] .•In the wild , they [主] are [系] a co-operative , group-living species [表]解析：•That引导宾语从句，做suggest的宾语•宾语从句中有一个插入语，截断了主语和谓语直译：研究人员认为卷尾猴和人一样，被社交情绪引导。
历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析
1. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parlia mentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.【译文】经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地区(澳北州政府)成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
【析句】句子的主体结构是Australia's Northern Territory becam e the first legal authority。
句首成分After six months of arguing an d final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates是作状语的介词词组，动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patien ts who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to take th e lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die，修饰the first lega l authority。
【讲词】to take the life of sb和to take sb’s life意思是“结束某人的生命”。
A car bombing took the life of a 61-year-old man.(汽车炸弹夺去了一位61岁老头的生命。
考研英语长难句解析100句（精典）
1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文] 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文] 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文] 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版action
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版1、I suddenly feel myself like a doll,acting all kinds of joys ande are lots of shining siliery thread on my back,controlling all my action.我突然就觉得自己像个华丽的木偶,演尽了所有的悲欢离合,可是背上总是有无数闪亮的银色丝线,操纵我的哪怕一举手一投足.2、Bustling sad end to the past, do not despair, mundane to the most beautiful soul-stirring.那些繁华哀伤终成过往，请不要失望，平凡是为了最美的荡气回肠。
3、The heavy wind always in the city, the lonely people always go home later.这城市总是风很大，孤独的人总是晚回家。
4、Do not say that opportunities never come. It came but you just don't willing to give up the things you own.不要说机会从来没有出现，它曾经出现过，只是你舍不得放下自己拥有的东西。
5、If it could make me happy, I'm willing to be stupid.如果可以快乐，我甘愿变成一个傻瓜。
6、Life is short, if the wasted years, the short life would be too long.人生苦短，若虚度年华，则短暂的人生就太长了。
7、Sometimes you gotta accept the fact that certain things will NEVER go back to how they use to be.有时候你需要接受现实，有些事永远也回不去以前的样子了。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
考研长难句分析100例解析
长难句分析100例（一）Such behavior is regarded as “all too human,”with the underlying（潜在的、内在的）assumption that sloth （懒惰）is one of the sevens inherent sins of human being（人类）（二）（三）Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by（四）（五）Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow oran unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.（六）（七）If robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves -- goals that pose a real challenge.（八）（九） Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect ” ,a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects -- a good one （that is intended and a harmful ） one （ that is foreseen ）-- is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.（十）Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insistedthat they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”（十一）（十二）Medical licensing boards “must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”（十三）whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.（十四）Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.（十五）Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, （whose arguments are confusing the public and（十六）If scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.（十七）Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when（修饰前边的spell 一小段时间a short interval）it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.（十八）For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure (that encouraged readers not to use anything (that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines)).（十九）To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.（二十）Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment.（二十一）In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened（二十二）Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.（二十三）Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.（二十四）It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.（二十五）25、Physicians -- frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient -- too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified（二十六）26、Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way,” so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.（二十七）27、These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.（二十八）28、It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database.（二十九）29、When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches.（三十）30、This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.（三十一）31、It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.（三十二）32、Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.（三十三）33、Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.（三十四）34、Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves.（三十五）35、Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good.（三十六）36、“Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.（三十七）37、However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.（三十八）38、And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.（三十九）39、However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.（四十）40、Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure?（四十一）41、But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.（四十二）42、With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.（四十三）43、If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.（四十四）44、Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”（四十五）45、The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.（四十六）46、Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.（四十七）47、At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in a panic,” Cartwright says.（四十八）48、In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.（四十九）While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page.（五十）50、Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers.（五十一）51、There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon.（五十二）52、It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.（五十三）53、It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.（五十四）54、Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.（五十五）55、They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.（五十六）56、What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing.（五十七）57、That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.（五十八）58、What we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.（五十九）59、If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months.（六十）60、whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information.（六十一）61、It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.（六十二）62、Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership--that is, it predicted the opposite.（六十三）63、As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback——a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.（六十四）64、Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money.（六十五）65、From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders（六十六）66、Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them – especially in America – the sort ofnasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity.（六十七）67、Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.（六十八）68、Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, the most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore – and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.（六十九）69、Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.（七十）70、Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions（七十一）71、Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased “opportunities” for stress.（七十二）72、The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.（七十三）73、The Internet – with pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.（七十四）74、The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits.（七十五）75、Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories（七十六）76、If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42.（七十七）77、Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today’s people – especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations – apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.（七十八）78、Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs.（七十九）79、They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.（八十）80、While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.（八十一）81、But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciouslydevelop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.82、At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed mostvaluable during the first decade or so of life.（八十二）83、It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad.（八十三）84、Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family’s geographic roots .（八十四）85、The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.（八十五）86、The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.87、While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized.（八十六）88、It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.（八十七）89、“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”（八十八）90、During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller.（八十九）91、In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.（九十）92、Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.（九十一）93、Later, more established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.（九十二）94、In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected.（九十三）95、In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.96、In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.（九十四）97、The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observing about social influence: with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.（九十五）98、Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules.（九十六）99、As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.（九十七）100、Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products.（九十八）（九十九）（一○○）（一○一）（一○二）（一○三）（一○四）（一○五）（一○六）（一○七）（一○八）（一○九）（一一○）（一一一）（一一二）（一一三）（一一四）（一一五）（一一六）（一一七）（一一八）（一一九）（一二○）（一二一）（一二二）Whatever（状语从句）the differences two people may exhibit in jobs or careers（工作或事业）, those differences are swamped by how well/ deeply each person loves their parents（宾从）.不管两个人在工作或者事业上表现的差异有多大，这些差异在他们关爱父母的程度面前都显得无足轻重。
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版perfect
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版1、It doesn't matter if the guy is perfect or the girl is perfect, as long as they are perfect for each other.那个小伙子是否完美，或者那个姑娘是否完美都不重要，只要他们能珠联璧合。
2、If you have great talents, industry will improve them; if you have but moderate abilities, industry will supply their deficiency.如果你很有天赋，勤勉会使其更加完善；如果你能力一般，勤勉会补足其缺陷。
3、It’s not the hours you put in your work that counts, it’s the work you put in the hours.工作效益不在于时间长短，而在于真正做了什么。
4、The man who has made up his mind to win will never say‘impossible.'下决心取得胜利的人绝不会说『不可能』。
5、The more things you do, the more you can do.做的愈多，你会做的就愈多。
6、Enjoy your own life without comparing it with that of another.享受自己的生活，不要和别人比较。
7、Those who can imagine anything, can create the impossible.能够想像任何事的人，可以创造不可能。
8、A lie may take care of the present, but it has no future.说谎可以解决眼前的问题，但它没有未来。
考研英语典型长难句及解析
1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。
since引导原因状语从句。
此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。
在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields是状语），possible做宾语补足语。
this指代前句中提到的这种困境。
energy pinch 译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。
译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。
2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison.结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版population
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版1.People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting and hurt elephant populations.【句意】二十一年来，象牙交易一直被明令禁止，人们担心削弱这一禁令会助长非法捕猎，导致大象数量减少。
【分析】that 引导宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是encourage和hurt，根据逻辑意义，可知encourage和hurt 的主语是动名词短语weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory。
2.Economists from the University of Sussex analysed findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a 15-year research project charting the fortunes of a group of thousands of teenagers who attended high schools in the US in the mid-1990s.【句意】来自萨塞克斯大学的经济学家们分析了国家青少年健康纵向研究的研究结果，这项研究是一个历时15年的课题，它记录了数千名在美国20世纪90年代中期上中学的一组青少年的财产情况。
【分析】句子主干为Economists analysed findings。
from the University of Sussex 作economists的定语;from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 作findings的定语;a15-year research project作the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 的同位语;charting ... 作project 的定语;who引导定语从句修饰teenagers。
考研英语长难句解析
考研英语长难句解析一、考研英语长难句之定语从句一、定语从句定语从句是英语中一种最常见的句型，它可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，即定语从句的关系词在文中修饰哪个词、短语或句子。
在主句中不可缺少的定语从句称限定性定语从句。
对主句起附加说明作用的定语从句称非限定性定语从句。
此外，定语从句和主句之间还存在着状语关系，说明原因、目的、让步、假设等。
例1.The change met the technical requirement of the new age andprevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and thirdgeneration after the energetic founders. (1996年真题)例2. The American economic system is, organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced byspending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that theywant most.例3. If, on theother hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, thiswill tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price andpermit more consumers to buy the product.例4. The government promised to give preferential taxation policiesand loans of low interest rate to thoseenterprises that could improve theirstructure of production and were willing to take in over 50 laid-off workersyearly.例5. The local government introduced the snakes into this areahoping that they would control the number of mice, which finally became the threat needed to be controlled.例6.The environmental protection should be given priority which means the economic developmentwould be lowered to some extent in a developing country.例7.She was confirmed to be infected with bird flu that calls for a quarantine andmedical observation for weeks in the hospital.例8.In Europe, aselsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups whichbring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing housesthat work in relation to one another.(2005年真题)二、考研英语长难句之同位语从句例1. The audience leranedform the internet the news that aserious explosion broke out in Xi’ana few days ago.例2.The rumor that she eloped with her boyfriend justcannot hold water, for I saw herat home just now.例3. However, the conventional view that education should be one of the veryhighest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.(2009年第3篇)三、考研英语长难句之倒装句倒装(inversion)是一种语法手段，用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要。
考研英语长难句66句(含详细解析)
1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的（后天习得的）Intuitive 先天的和以上这组单词概念相同的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。
主干识别：句子的主语是This success和later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干结构是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than结构翻译为与其说，不如说。
微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比较长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success和动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。
译文赏析：这种成功和后来表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。
2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现和找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文y
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. Hunting for a job late last year , lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder , a job database on the Internet . He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “ personal search agent ”.结构：•Hunting for a job late last year [状] ,•lawyer Gant Redmon [主] stumbled across [谓] CareerBuilder , a job database on the Internet [宾] .•He [主] searched [谓1] it with no success [宾1] but was attracted [谓2] by the site’s “ personal search agent ” [宾2]单词：Stumble vi.踉跄绊脚词组：Hunt for 寻找Stumble across 偶然遇见意外发现解析：•but连接两个并列句，共用主语he直译：去年年末找工作的时候，；律师GR意外发现了CB，一个互联网上的工作数据库。
他在这上面并没有找到工作，但是他被网站的“个人搜索代理”吸引了。
译文：去年年底，在找工作时，甘特雷德曼律师偶然发现了CB这样一个网上求职资料库。
他搜索了一下没什么收获，但却被该网站的“个人搜索代理”所吸引重点：•Stumble across 偶然遇见意外发现•but连接两个并列句，共用主语he2. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location , title , and salary , then E-mail them when a matching position is posted in the database .结构：•It’s an interactive feature [主1]•同位语从句：that lets visitors [主] key in [谓] job criteria such as location , title , and salary [宾],•then E-mail [谓1] them [宾1]•时间状语从句：when a matching position [主] is posted [谓（被动）] in the database [状]单词：Feature n.特点特征功能criteria n.标准条件词组：Such as 例如解析：•that引导同位语从句，补充说明interactive feature•Then...的主语是interactive feature•When 引导时间状语从句直译：这是一个互动的功能，让访问者输入工作条件，例如位置，岗位和薪水等等，之后，当在数据库中贴出了合适的岗位时，就给他们发电子邮件译文：其所具有的互动性让访问者输入求职标准，比如工作地点，工作职位以及薪水等。
考研英语长难句经典200句解析
1．Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It‟s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”结构分析：本句的主干是elders used to say…。
直接引语中是主系表结构, 注意not…but 结构。
参考译文：出言谨慎的长辈们过去常说，“问题不是你在这个世界上想要什么，而是你能得到什么。
”2．You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.结构分析：这句话是and连接的两个并列句。
在第一个分句中，as是连词，引导比较状语从句，把a mental blueprint of a desire和a blueprint of a house相比较。
第二个分句中的主干结构是：each of us is…making blueprints…。
第二个分句中用一般进行时表示经常发生的事情。
这样的结构常常用来表达经常发生的令人不快的、令人讨厌的事情。
参考译文：你可以在脑子里为你的愿望画一幅蓝图，就象给房子画蓝图那样。
实际上，在日常生活中，我们每一个人都在不断地描绘着这些蓝图。
3．While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.结构分析：and 连接两个并列句。
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版aspiration
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版1、This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development, which means that, for the benefit of coming generations, leave enough environmental space so that these generations will be able to address their needs and fulfill their aspirations.解析：这个句子尽管有三个从句组成，但结构简单明了容易辨别，需注意单词词组的识记。
1.此句含有非限制性定语从句，宾语从句，插入语和状语从句；2.which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语，指代前面的先行句；3.定语从句中包含一个that引导的从句做mean的宾语，且宾语从句中包含一句插入语（for…generations）；4.最后有一个so that引导的目的状语从句；5.be enshrine in…:被载入……，被珍藏/铭记……concept：n.概念，想法sustainable development：可持续发展generation：n.一代，代address：v.从事，忙于，处理fulfill：v.履行，实现aspiration：n.愿望，抱负翻译：这一需要被正式载入可持续发展的概念之中，所谓可持续发展是指：为了子孙后代的利益，我们必须保留足够的生存环境空间，以满足他们的需要，施展抱负。
2、Learning a foreign language can increase the size of your brain and this is what Swedish scientists discovered when they used brain scans to monitor what happens when someone learns a second language.解析：从句套从句是高考英语长难句中常出现的套路。
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版availability
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版1、Reserve your spot before availability-and the cherry blossoms-disappear！参考译文：樱花消失之前要提前预定自己的位置！句式分析整体分析：本句可以切分两部分，before前后构成了主从复合句。
1）主句为：Reserve your spot before availability.2）分句为：before availability the cherry blossoms-disappear，做时间状语从句。
重点词汇reserve储备; 保留; 保护区spot地点，场所; 斑点，污点; 现货; 职位，职务; 弄上污渍，弄上斑点; 玷污; 认出，发现;availability n. 有效; 有益; 可利用性; 可得到的东西（或人）。
2、Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.参考译文：在国家广场上，因为你的向导在每一站分享独特的事实和历史，（你可以）探究了解的纪念碑和纪念物。
句式分析整体分析：本句可以切分两部分，as前后构成了主从复合句。
1）主句为：Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall .2）从句为：as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop，可以看作原因状语从句，也可以看作时间状语从句，不影响句子理解。
重点词汇explore勘查，探测，勘探; 探索，探究，仔细查看。
National Mall国家广场：国家广场是一片绿地，一直从林肯纪念堂延伸到国会大厦，这里是议会召开会议、总统宣誓就职的地方。
考研长难句分析40题
长难句分析40题例子1．Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especiallyAmerica's, have little productive slack.结构分析：句子主干是Economists have been…surprised。
主句用现在完成时have been…。
Since引导的是表原因的状语从句。
译文：特别让经济学家感到诧异的是，英美两国的通货膨胀带来的是良性的结果。
因为传统的分析方法表明，两国尤其是美国的经济生产,几乎没有闲置的生产资源。
2．Actually it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.3．Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.4．Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.5．When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.6．The Aswan Dam, for example，stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.7．The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.8．New ways of organizing the workplace all that reengineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.9．His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability.10. Levi Strauss persuaded the court that, by selling its jeans cheaply alongside soap powder and bananas, Tesco was destroying the image and so the value of its brands--which could only lead to less innovation and, in the long run, would reduce consumer choice.11. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.12. This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development，which means that we must，for the benefit of coming generations，leave enough environmental space so that these generations will be able to address their needs and fulfill their aspirations.13. Painting lacks only the means to represent movement in time and space，which is the special property of sculpture and architecture，since a painting is designed to be seen from one point at one time，whereas sculpture and architecture are created to be seen from various points of view，thus supplying movements in space and time.14. Once intimidated by arguments that their children would feel more at home in bilingual classes，and that they might lose their heritage in regular classes，these women have since given voice，loudly and persuasively，to what they know from experience that unless they are fluent in the language of their adopted country，their children will never attend college or land any but the most menial of jobs.15. The presumption on which human cloning rests is that all these cells，though now specialized，still contain exact copies of the original set of genetic instructions needed to make an entire individual and can do so if a way is found to switch them back on.16. Thus，a regularity for which there are general theoretical grounds will be more readily called a natural law than an empirical regularity that cannot be subsumed under more general laws or theories.17. It is because of the close association in most people’s minds of tools with man that special attention has always been focused upon any animal able to use an object as a tool，but it is important to realize that this ability，on its own，does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature concerned.18. The point at which tool using and tool making acquire evolutionary significance is surely when an animal can adapt its ability to manipulate objects to a wide variety of purposes，and when it can use an object spontaneously to solve a brand-new problem that without the use of a tool would prove insoluble.19. It was the desire to be scholarly that brought about a wave of Latin terms which appeared in the 16th century when the humanist movement brought new impetus to learning throughout Europe.20. So don’t be surprised if you never encounter some of the expressions that still appear in school textbooks; and next time you hear somebody using a strange word you haven’t heard before，you can comfort yourself that there may well be a native speaker somewhere who doesn’t know it either.21. Despite the saying that one never knows if lightning strikes him，a person can sometimes feel the bolt coming and if quick enough，take protective action in time.22. The“shareholder”as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.23. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.24. When a journalist recently accused the company of lacking integrity in its testing of beauty products，the company overtly appealed to the public by citing its corporate brand，which was firmly associated in people’s minds with strong ethical standards concerning animal rights.25. However，the criminals quickly came to realize that the real value in the computers is in the chip which is remarkably portable and unidentifiable，so even when caught the police have trouble proving the theft.26. Although perhaps only 1 percent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns，so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to bea natural part of the universe.27. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.28．Towns like Bournemouth and Eastboune sprang up to house large“Comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.29．Robert Fulton once wrote,“The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.”30．Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating.31．This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.32．This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.33．However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascination and delightful aspects.34．New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.35．For Lloyd Nickson, a 54 years old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition.36．Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement.37．We live a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.38．Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.39．But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.40．Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July.。
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版promise
考研英语常考长难句与典型作文范文例句含译文翻译版1、Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.句子解析：say的后面是省略了that的宾语从句，该从句中又包含了两个定语从句，people后是who引导的定语从句，who在从句中做主语，谓语为proclaim，宾语为并列的名词短语their hostility and their eagerness；children后又是由who引导的定语从句who show the least intellectual promise。
参考译文：H说我们国家的教育系统在这样一群人的掌控中，他们快乐并且激进地宣称他们对智慧的敌意，并且渴望去认同那些在智慧上最无望的孩子。
核心词汇详解：1）、joyful [ˈdʒɔɪfl] a. 快乐的、高兴的2）、militant [ˈmɪlɪtənt] a. 斗志昂扬的，好战的、激进的扩展：military [ˈmɪlətri]=milit+ary（a.）→a. 军事的、军用的3）、proclaim [prəˈkleim] v. 宣布、宣告4）、eager [ˈi:gə(r)] a. 渴望的、热切的考法：be eager to do sth 渴望做某事扩展：eagerness=eager（a.渴望的、热切的）+ness（n.）→n.渴望、热切5）、identity [aɪˈdentəti] n. 身份举例：identity card 简称id card 身份证identify [aɪˈdentɪfaɪ] v. 识别、认出；确认短语：identify with 认为...等同于、觉得与...有联系、支持短语：in the grip of 在...掌控中，控制下2、The emphasis on data gathered first-hand，combined witha cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present，makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.句子解析：本句主干结构为the emphasis ...makes this study a...social science。
考研英语必考长难句详解含译文exchange
考研英语必考长难句详解含译文1. So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchangeto hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.in exchange for：be reluctant to：2. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.presence:induce:3. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions.emotion：来对答案了~~~1. So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchangefor her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.in exchange for：作为…的交换be reluctant to：不情愿做hand over: 上交，交出译文：所以当一只猴子用一个代币换到一颗葡萄时，第二只猴子就不愿意用自己的代币只换取一片黄瓜了。
2. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enoughto induce resentment in a female capuchin.presence:n出席,到场,存在induce: v 引诱；引起,导致译文：事实上，只要在另一个房间出现了葡萄（根本没有猴子吃它），就足以引起雌性卷尾猴的愤恨了。
考研英语典型长难句及解析
考研英语典型长难句及解析考研英语典型长难句及解析之一1. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep (2), electricity is working for us (1), driving our refrigerators, heating our water,or keeping our rooms air-conditioned (3).电仍在为我们工作。
即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作。
即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作——开动电冰箱, 把水加热, 或使室内空调机继续运转。
2. But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life" (1), the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials (2).可是现在人们意识到, 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的, 人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”。
可是现在人们意识到, 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的, 人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”, 也就是说, 经过若干年后, 这些矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。
If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment (2), they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it (1).他们就不会感到如此伤心, 所以也就不会因对此有愤恨和反对的情绪而把孩子推到对立面去。
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考研英语长难句经典例子解析
来源：文都图书
考研英语的长难句在广大考生心中一直是一个超级大难点，数不清的生词，看不明白的句型和混乱的时态都让考生脑袋大了不止一圈儿，所以今天这篇文章就和大家分享一下攻克长难句的技巧。
以《考研英语长难句解密》中的一句超长的长难句为例。
【经典长难句】
The increase in numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of house work and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.
【词汇突破】
have to do with…与…有关
Economic necessity 经济需求
pool of single women workers 单身女工的资源
high marriage rates 高结婚率
【参考译文】20世纪，在家庭外被雇佣的女性人数增加了，这与其说是由于家务活的机器化和闲暇时间的增加，还不如说是由于女性自身的经济需求和由于高结婚率。
正是高结婚率减少了单身女工劳动力资源的数量，而在这之前很多情况下，她们是雇主们会雇佣的唯一女性。
像书中的解句顺序一样，攻克长难句首先应该拿下句中的生词和短语，这是基础，是盖房所需的砖瓦，然后再攻克句法，拿下房屋结构，这样再对照参考译文，以前觉得很难的长难句就“柳暗花明又一村”了。
希望大家首先消除内心对长难句的恐惧心理，静下心来好好分析，好好学习，争取早日拿下长难句，拿下考研英语！加油！。