EQ1091离合器设计毕业论文

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汽车离合器毕业论文

汽车离合器毕业论文

摘要汽车离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳内,用螺钉将离合器总成固定在飞轮的后平面上,离合器的输出轴就是变速箱的输入轴。

在汽车行驶过程中,驾驶员可根据需要踩下或松开离合器踏板,使发动机与变速箱暂时分离和逐渐接合,以切断或传递发动机向变速器输入的动力。

其功用为:(1)使汽车平稳起步;(2)中断给传动系的动力,配合换档;(3)防止传动系过载。

膜片弹簧离合器是近年来在轿车和轻型汽车上广泛采用的一种离合器,它的转矩容量大而且较稳定,操作轻便,平衡性好,也能大量生产,对于它的研究已经变得越来越重要。

此设计说明书详细的说明了轻型汽车膜片弹簧离合器的结构形式,参数选择以及计算过程。

本设计主要针对马自达6的离合器进行设计计算。

关键词:离合器, 膜片弹簧, 从动盘, 压盘, 摩擦片ABSTRACTAutomobile Clutch in the engine and gearbox between the flywheel shell, with screw will be fixed in the clutch assembly after the plane of the flywheel, clutch gearbox output shaft is the input shaft。

In the process of moving vehicle, the driver may need Pedal or release the clutch pedal so that the engine and gearbox temporary separation and progressive joint, to cut off the engine or transmission to the transmission input power. Its function as: (1) the car a smooth start, (2) to interrupt the transmission of power to meet the shift, (3) to prevent transmission of the overload.In recent years theca spring clutch is a kind of clutch that widely Adopted in vehicle and light vehicle . It has great capacity of torque And more stabley ,manipulate easy and convenient ,well equilibrium ,And also can produce batch .so the research of the clutch is more and more important . This design manual elaborated on the construction form,parametre choose and process of calculate of the light vehicle.KEY WDRDS: clutch , theca spring, driven plate , friction disc绪论汽车是重要的交通运输工具,是科学技术发展水平的标志,随着现代生活的节奏越来越快,人们对交通工具的要求也越来越高。

离合器参数设计范文

离合器参数设计范文

离合器参数设计范文离合器是机械设备中常见的重要部件,它负责实现动力的传递与分离,因此对离合器的参数设计要求较高。

在离合器的参数设计过程中,需考虑工作条件、使用环境、传动需求等因素,为确保离合器性能的稳定可靠,下面将从离合器参数设计的角度展开讨论。

首先,离合器的温度参数设计是十分重要的。

温度参数的确定主要涉及离合器的散热性能和热稳定性能。

为了确保离合器能够在工作过程中保持合适的温度,需结合机器设备的使用条件和工作环境的温度范围,选择合适的散热方式,如散热片、散热风扇等,并确定散热孔的尺寸和位置,以提高离合器的散热效果。

其次,离合器的传动参数设计也是十分重要的。

传动参数主要包括扭矩容量、离合器盘片的材料和结构设计、摩擦特性等。

在传动参数的设计过程中,需考虑到机器设备的实际工作扭矩和转速要求,选择适合的离合器型号和规格。

同时,在盘片材料的选择上,要考虑到其耐磨性、耐高温性、耐腐蚀性等因素,以确保离合器的长期稳定工作。

此外,在摩擦特性设计上,应根据机器设备的使用环境和要求,确定摩擦片的摩擦系数和摩擦片面积,以提高离合器的传动效率和传动性能。

最后,离合器的结构参数设计也需合理考虑。

结构参数的设计主要包括离合器盘片的数量、直径和厚度、离合器压盘的材料和压力、操纵机构的设计等。

在结构参数的设计上,要充分考虑到离合器的可靠性、承受能力和操控性,选择合适的离合器盘片数量和直径,以及合适的离合器压盘材料和压力。

同时,操纵机构的设计上,要注重其灵活性和可靠性,以提高离合器的操控性和使用效果。

综上所述,离合器参数设计是一个综合性的工作,需充分考虑到离合器的温度参数、传动参数和结构参数等因素。

在设计过程中,要结合机械设备的实际情况和使用环境,确保离合器的性能稳定可靠。

同时,还需根据离合器的设计要求和技术规范,选择合适的离合器型号和规格,并合理选择材料和结构,以提高离合器的传动效率和使用寿命。

通过合理的参数设计,可以使离合器的性能得到充分发挥,提高机械设备的整体工作效率和稳定性。

汽车离合器毕业论文

汽车离合器毕业论文

成人高等教育毕业设计(论文)题目:汽车离合器的故障检测与排除学院(函授站):年级专业:层次:学号:姓名:指导教师:起止时间:年月日~月日摘要离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳,用螺钉将离合器总成固定在飞轮的后平面上,离合器的输出轴就是变速箱的输入轴。

在汽车行驶过程中,驾驶员可根据需要踩下或松开离合器踏板,使发动机与变速箱暂时分离和逐渐接合,以切断或传递发动机向变速器输入的动力。

离合器是机械传动中的常用部件,可将传动系统随时分离或接合。

本篇文章将详细讨论一下离合器常见的故障及其排除。

关键词:离合器;常见故障;诊断与排除;目录摘要 (I)目录 (Ⅱ)前言 (1)一、离合器的组成 (2)二、离合器的作用 (2)三、离合器常见故障及排除 (3)3.1离合器打滑 (3)3.2离合器分离不彻底 (5)3.3换挡困难 (7)3.4离合器发抖 (8)3.5离合器异响 (10)结论 (12)参考文献 (13)致 (14)前言离合器安装在发动机与变速器之间,是汽车传动系中直接与发动机相联系的总成件。

通常离合器与发动机曲轴的飞轮组安装在一起,是发动机与汽车传动系之间切断和传递动力的部件。

汽车从起步到正常行驶的整个过程中,驾驶员可根据需要操纵离合器,使发动机和传动系暂时分离或逐渐接合,以切断或传递发动机向传动系输出的动力。

它的作用是使发动机与变速器之间能逐渐接合,从而保证汽车平稳起步;暂时切断发动机与变速器之间的联系,以便于换档和减少换档时的冲击;当汽车紧急制动时能起分离作用,防止变速器等传动系统过载,从而起到一定的保护作用。

离合器类似于开关,接合或断离动力传递作用,因此,任何形式的汽车都有离合装置,只是形式不同而已。

一、离合器的组成离合器主要的组成有:主动部分:飞轮、离合器盖、压盘;从动部分:从动盘、从动抽;压紧装置;分离机构;操纵机构二、离合器的作用离合器装在发动机与变速器之间,通过离合器的分离与结合,来控制发动机与变速器之间动力的切断与传递。

毕业设计(论文)本田思域轿车离合器设计

毕业设计(论文)本田思域轿车离合器设计

摘要对于以内燃机为动力的汽车,离合器在机械传动系中是作为一个独立的总成而存在的,它是汽车传动系中直接与发动机相连接的总成。

目前,各种汽车广泛采用的离合器是干式盘形摩擦离合器,是一种依靠主、从动部分之间的摩擦来传递动力且能分离的装置。

它主要包括主动部分、从动部分、压紧机构和操纵机构等四大部分。

其离合器是汽车传动系统中直接与发动机相连的部件其作用是在换挡时使发动机和变速箱暂时分离和逐渐接合,以切断或传递发动机向变速器输入的动力,并且还可以防止传动系过载。

本文是对本田思域轿车设计离合器,根据车型和配置,选用摩擦式膜片弹簧离合器。

通过对车辆各参数的分析和传动系需要,先确定离合器的基本结构和参数,如摩擦片的尺寸和结构形式。

再根据所得的参数设计计算从动盘毂、膜片弹簧的结构和尺寸,并对其结构和强度等进行校核。

在设计压盘和离合器盖等部件时,需要考虑散热等问题,即要加工散热孔槽。

而离合器操纵机构的设计相对简单,即分离轴承和拨叉等部件的设计。

最后再对离合器的参数进行优化,使设计出的离合器能更好的与所选车型相匹配,从而达到使传动系的传递效率更高、换挡更顺畅的目的。

本文还叙述了离合器各组成部件的材料及加工工艺等。

关键词:本田思域;离合器;校核;优化设计;AbstractWith internal combustion engine-powered vehicle mechanical transmission systems, the clutch assembly as an independent existence, it is a car transmission lines directly connected with the engine assembly. Widely used for all types of motor vehicle friction clutch, in fact is a kind of rely on their owners, some friction between the follower to pass power cut can be separated institutions. It includes active part of the driven part, pressed bodies, control agencies, in four parts.Automotive transmission clutch directly connected with the engine components, and its role in the shift when the temporary separation of the engine and gearbox and gradually bonding, to cut off or pass the engine to the transmission input power, and also can prevent transmission line overload.This article is designed for Honda Civic sedans clutch, depending on model and configuration, use friction-type diaphragm spring clutch. The parameters of the vehicle through the analysis and transmission system needs, first determine the basic structure and parameters of the clutch, such as the friction plate of the size and structure. Then according to the parameters derived from design calculations driven plate hub, the structure and size of diaphragm spring, and its structure and strength to checking. In the design pressure plate and clutch cover and other parts, we need to consider issues such as heat, that is, to processing of cooling holes in tank. The design of the clutch control mechanism is relatively simple, namely, separation of components such as bearings and fork design.Finally re-optimize the parameters of the clutch, so that the clutch can be designed to better match with the selected model to achieve the transmission system so that the transmission more efficient, smoother shifting purposes. This article also describes the constituent parts of the clutch material and processing technology and so on.Key words: Honda Civic; clutch; checking; re-optimize目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)第1章绪论 (1)1.1离合器的发展 (1)1.2离合器的使用要求 (2)1.3 本文主要工作 (3)第2章离合器的结构和基本参数的确定 (4)2.1离合器的结构型式 (4)2.1.1摩擦离合器机构型式的选择 (4)2.1.2从动盘数及干、湿式的选择 (4)2.1.3压紧弹簧的结构型式及布置 (5)2.1.4压盘的驱动方式 (9)2.2离合器的结构选择 (11)2.3膜片弹簧离合器的工作原理 (12)2.4离合器基本参数的确定 (12)第3章离合器的设计 (15)3.1从动盘总成 (15)从动盘毂 (15)从动片设计 (16)从动盘摩擦片 (16)波形片和减振弹簧 (17)3.2膜片弹簧设计 (17)膜片弹簧设计计算的基本公式 (18)膜片弹簧基本参数的确定 (18)膜片弹簧的强度校核 (21)3.3离合器盖设计 (24)3.4压盘结构设计 (24)对压盘结构设计的要求 (24)压盘几何尺寸的确定 (25)传力方式的选择 (27)3.5分离轴承总成 (27)3.6操纵机构设计 (27)第4章结论 (28)致谢 (29)参考文献 (30)第1章绪论1.1离合器的发展离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳内,用螺钉将离合器总成固定在飞轮的后平面上,离合器的输出轴就是变速箱的输入轴。

汽车离合器设计毕业设计论文全套

汽车离合器设计毕业设计论文全套

第一章汽车离合器1.1 概述以内燃机作为动力的机械传动汽车中,无论是AMT或MT,离合器都作为一个独立的部件而存在。

虽然发展自动传动系统是汽车传动系的发展趋势,但是有人指出:根据德国出版的2003年世界汽车年鉴,2002年世界各国114家汽车公司所生产的1864款乘用车中,手动机械变速器车款数为1337款;在我国,乘用车中自动挡车款式只占全国平均数的26.53%;若考虑到商用车中更是多数采用手动变速器,手动挡汽车目前仍然是世界车款的主流(当然并不排除一些国家或地区自动挡式车款是其主流产品)。

谈到未来,考虑到传动系由MT向自动传动系过渡,采用AMT技术其产品改造较为容易,因此AMT技术是自动传动系统有力的竞争者。

可以说,从目前到将来离合器这一部分将会伴随着内燃机一起存在,不可能在汽车上消失。

1.2 汽车离合器的基本作用离合器是汽车传动系的组成部件之一,在以内燃机为动力的汽车机械传动中,它通常装在发动机飞轮的后端,传动系通过它与发动机相联系,即其主动部分与发动机飞轮连接,从动部分与变速器相连接。

在汽车行驶中,驾驶员为了适应同使用情况(如起步、换挡、制动、停车)的需要,常常要频繁地踩下、松开离合器踏板,使发动机与传动系暂时分离,以中断动力传递,随后又使之逐渐接合,以便传递动力。

由此可见,汽车有起步、进入正常行驶、变速、制动直至最后停车的整个行驶过程中,离合器都在起作用。

1.使发动机与传动系平顺地接合,以保证汽车起步平稳汽车起步前,驾驶员首先启动发动机,待发动机达到正常的怠速运转时(约300~500r/min),踏下离合器踏板,切断发动机与变速器的动力传递,然后将变速器挂入一挡,然后使离合器逐渐接合,与此同时,逐渐加大油门,使发动机的转矩由小到大地通过离合器传递给传动系其他装置,最终传递给驱动车轮,直至达到能完全克服行驶阻力,使汽车由静止缓慢地加速前进,实现平稳起步。

2.在换挡时,将发动机与传动系分离,减少变速器中齿轮之间的冲击,便于换挡换挡前,通过离合器切断发动机与变速器间的动力传递,便于使原用挡位的啮合副脱开;挂挡时,通过离合器,可较容易地使得啮合的齿轮副圆周速度趋向相等(同步),从而实现顺利换挡并减小其冲击。

离合器减震器毕业论文

离合器减震器毕业论文

离合器减震器毕业论文标题:离合器减震器的设计与优化摘要:离合器减震器是一种重要的汽车传动系统元件,主要用于消除离合器与传动系统间的冲击和振动。

本文通过对离合器减震器的结构、工作原理和设计参数的分析研究,旨在提出一种更加稳定效能更好的离合器减震器设计方案。

通过MATLAB 软件进行参数优化,得到最佳设计参数,并进行了试验验证,结果表明该设计方案具有较好的减震和稳定性能。

本文对离合器减震器的研究提供了一定的参考和指导。

关键词:离合器减震器;传动系统;冲击振动;参数优化引言:离合器减震器是汽车传动系统中的重要组成部分,其主要作用是消除离合器处于接合或分离状态时产生的冲击和振动。

在离合器工作过程中,由于传动系统存在的不平衡和不对称的情况,会引起离合器产生振动和冲击,对驾驶乘坐的舒适性和机械设备的寿命产生不利影响。

而离合器减震器的设计与优化,可以有效地改善这些问题,提高汽车传动系统的稳定性和使用寿命。

1. 离合器减震器的结构和工作原理离合器减震器主要由减震片、压盘和弹簧等组成。

在离合器工作过程中,减震片与压盘相连接,通过弹簧起到减震和减轻冲击的作用。

当离合器处于接合状态时,减震片和压盘通过摩擦力产生阻尼,从而减缓冲击和振动的传播。

当离合器处于分离状态时,减震片和压盘通过弹簧使离合器保持压紧状态,以防止冲击和振动的产生。

2. 离合器减震器的设计参数离合器减震器的设计参数包括减震片的厚度、数量和材料、弹簧刚度等。

减震片的厚度对减震器的减震能力和稳定性有很大的影响,一般情况下,厚度越大,减震能力越强。

减震片的数量也与减震能力和稳定性有关,合适的数量可以提高减震效果。

而减震片和弹簧的材料选择也会影响减震器的性能,合适的材料可以提高减震器的寿命和可靠性。

弹簧刚度的选择要根据传动系统的设计需求和工作条件进行合理的选取。

3. 离合器减震器的设计优化通过MATLAB 软件进行参数优化,可以得到最佳的设计参数。

在优化过程中,可以设置减震片的厚度、数量和材料等参数为变量,以减震效果和稳定性为目标函数,通过遗传算法等方法进行优化计算。

毕业设计离合器设计

毕业设计离合器设计

毕业设计离合器设计毕业设计:离合器设计一、引言离合器作为汽车传动系统中的重要部件,其设计对于汽车的性能和驾驶体验起着至关重要的作用。

本篇文章将深入探讨毕业设计中离合器的设计问题,包括设计原理、材料选择、结构设计等方面。

二、设计原理离合器的基本原理是通过压力传递和摩擦力的作用来实现发动机与变速器的连接与分离。

在离合器设计中,需要考虑到传递扭矩的能力、摩擦片的磨损与热量散发等因素。

为了提高离合器的性能,设计师需要综合考虑这些因素,并确定最佳的设计参数。

三、材料选择离合器的摩擦片通常由摩擦材料制成,常见的材料有有机材料和金属材料。

有机材料摩擦片具有摩擦系数稳定、摩擦性能好等优点,但其耐磨性和耐高温性相对较差;金属材料摩擦片则具有耐磨性和耐高温性好的特点,但其摩擦系数相对较低。

在设计中,需要根据具体的使用环境和要求来选择合适的材料。

四、结构设计离合器的结构设计也是毕业设计中的重要内容之一。

结构设计需要考虑到离合器的紧凑性、重量、制造成本等方面。

同时,还需要注意离合器的可靠性和耐久性,以确保其在长时间使用过程中不会出现故障。

在设计过程中,可以借鉴现有的离合器结构,并结合自身的创新思维,提出更好的设计方案。

五、实验验证在毕业设计中,实验验证是非常重要的一环。

通过实验可以验证设计的可行性,并评估设计方案的优劣。

在离合器设计中,可以通过摩擦片的磨损测试、扭矩传递测试等来评估离合器的性能。

实验结果将为设计的改进提供有力的依据。

六、结论离合器设计作为毕业设计的重要内容之一,需要综合考虑设计原理、材料选择、结构设计等方面。

通过合理的设计和实验验证,可以得到优秀的离合器设计方案,提高汽车的性能和驾驶体验。

七、展望离合器设计是汽车工程领域中的重要研究方向之一。

未来,随着汽车科技的不断发展,离合器的设计将面临更多的挑战和机遇。

希望通过毕业设计的学习和研究,能够为离合器设计领域的发展做出贡献。

八、参考文献[1] 张三, 离合器设计原理与应用[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2010.[2] 李四, 汽车离合器材料选择与应用[M]. 上海:上海交通大学出版社,2015.以上是对毕业设计中离合器设计的一些探讨和思考。

毕业设计(论文)-小型载货汽车离合器的设计[管理资料]

毕业设计(论文)-小型载货汽车离合器的设计[管理资料]

目录前言 (1)第一章离合器的设计 (2)§绪论 (2)§ (2)§ (3)§ (5)§ (10)§ (11)§ (14)第二章离合器操作机构的设计 (18)§ (18)第三章传动轴的设计 (21)§ (21)§ (22)§ (23)结论 (26)参考文献 (27)致谢 (28)外文翻译 (29)前言改革开放以来,随着国家经济的迅猛发展,汽车工业也在慢慢崛起,汽车在我们日常生活中占据了越来越重要的地位,车辆给人们出行带来了极大地方便,因此汽车工业也被国家放在了极其重要的地位,像吉利收购沃尔沃表明了我们国内企业正在逐步强大,因此能够选择车辆工程专业也是我认为一个非常正确的选择,而汽车设计室我们车辆工程专业学生毕业时的一个重要实践环节。

这次设计中,我们五名同学共同合作,共同设计一辆小型载货汽车,我主要负责其中的离合器和传动轴的设计。

在本次设计中,我选用的是目前比较广泛应用的液压操纵拉式膜片弹簧离合器。

这种离合器有许多优点,如操纵省力,布置方便,结构简单等。

传动轴采用的是十字轴式万向节,其与万向节叉的连接采用外挡圈式。

通过这次的设计,我们对大学四年所学的知识进行了一次全面的回顾与总结,并且进一步加深与巩固,同时也掌握了一些运用专业知识方法,提高了理论联系实际的能力,为今后工作和学习打下了良好的基础。

第一章离合器的设计§绪论汽车离合器的设计是汽车传动系中于发动机联系的总成。

离合器在汽车中的作用是:切断和实现对传动系的动力传递,以保证:,使汽车平稳起步,减少变速器中齿轮之间的冲击,便于换挡。

,靠离合器打滑保护传动系,防止零件因过载而损坏。

为保证离合器具有良好的工作性能,对汽车离合器提出如下基本的要求:A.在任何行驶情况下能可靠的传递发动机最大的转矩,而且传递扭矩的能力要有适当储备;B.分离是要彻底;,以保证汽车起步平稳,没有抖动和冲击;D离合器的从动部分转动惯量要小,以减轻换挡时齿轮之间的冲击和便于换挡;此外,离合器应力求做到结构简单、紧凑、重量轻,制造工艺性好和维修方便。

离合器总成的设计毕业论文

离合器总成的设计毕业论文

摘要本文叙述了QX1040轻型载重汽车离合器总成的设计计算过程。

介绍了离合器选型,对单片周置弹簧离合器的主要参数进行了设计计算,并基于Siemens NX软件对其零部件进行三维建模,详细描述了单片周置弹簧离合器的摩擦片和底盖的建模过程,并进行离合器摩擦片总成及压盘盖总成的装配,最后绘制主要零部件的二维工程图。

关键词:汽车离合器,设计计算,三维建模AbstractThis paper describes the QX1040 Light trucks design and calculation of the clutch assembly process. Introduces clutch type selection, choose single friction slices & spiral spring clutch as design object. Designed and calculated the main parameters of the clutch. And three-dimensional modeling of its components based on Siemens NX software.A detailed description the process of building-up friction plate modeling and bottom cap modeling of the clutch. And the assembly of the friction wafer assembly and clutch platen & shell assembly, finally draw the main components of the two-dimensional engineering graphics.Keywords: automobile clutch, design& calculate, three-dimensional modeling目录...................................................................................................................................................... 摘要.. (I)Abstract (II)1 绪论 (1)1.1 课题简介与主要内容 (1)1.2 离合器的发展与国内外现状 (1)2 轻型载重汽车离合器的设计 (7)2.1 离合器的基本结构与工作原理 (7)2.2 离合器的设计要求 (7)2.3 轻型载重汽车离合器的形式选择 (8)2.3.1 典型摩擦式离合器的结构形式 (8)2.3.2 周置螺旋弹簧离合器的优点 (10)2.3.3 轻型载重汽车离合器的方案选择 (11)2.4 轻型载重汽车离合器的基本结构选择 (11)2.4.1 从动盘的选择 (12)2.4.2 压紧弹簧和布置形式的选择 (12)2.4.3 压盘的驱动方式 (12)2.5 单片周置离合器主要参数的设计 (13)2.5.1 单片周置弹簧离合器的主要参数 (13)2.5.2 离合器参数的优化设计 (15)2.6 单片周置弹簧离合器的主要零部件设计 (17)2.6.1 扭转减震器主要参数的设计计算 (17)2.6.2 离合器从动盘毂的设计 (20)2.6.3 离合器盖的总成设计 (21)2.7 轻型载重汽车离合器主要参数汇总表 (24)3 基于Siemens NX的离合器三维建模 (26)3.1 Siemens NX简介 (26)3.2 单片周置弹簧离合器典型零件的建模 (26)3.2.1 离合器摩擦片的三维建模 (26)3.2.2 离合器底盖的三维建模 (30)3.3 离合器摩擦片总成及压盘盖总成的装配 (32)3.4 离合器盘毂的二维工程图 (35)4 结论与展望 (38)致谢 (40)参考文献 (41)附录Ⅰ电子清单 (42)附录Ⅱ图纸清单 (43)1 绪论1.1 课题简介与主要内容对于以内燃机为动力的汽车,离合器在机械传动系中是作为一个独立的总成而存在的,它是汽车传动系中直接与发动机相连接的总成。

离合器课程设计中型卡车离合器设计本科论文

离合器课程设计中型卡车离合器设计本科论文

青岛理工大学离合器课程设计说明书设计题目:中型卡车离合器设计学院班级:汽车与交通学院车辆133班小组组长:小组成员:指导老师:时间: 2015年10月7日目录绪论 (1)一.离合器设计方案选择 (2)(一)离合器设计基本要求 (2)(二)离合器设计主要参数 (2)(三)离合器结构方案选择 (3)(四)离合器结构概述 (3)(五)膜片弹簧离合器的工作原理 (5)(六)膜片弹簧离合器的优点 (5)二.离合器摩擦片参数选择 (6)(一)后备系数β (6)(二)初选摩擦片外径D、内径d、厚度b (6)(三)离合器传递的最大静摩擦力矩T C (7)(四)离合器单位压力P0 (8)三.离合器基本参数的校核 (9)(一)摩擦片外径D (9)(二)摩擦片内外径比c (9)(三)后备系数值β (9)(四)摩擦片内径d (10)(五)单位摩擦面积传递的转矩T co (10)(六)单位压力P o (10)(七)摩擦片相关参数整理 (10)四.膜片弹簧的设计 (11)(一)内截锥高度H与板厚h比值和板厚h的选择 (11)(二)自由状态下碟簧部分大端R、小端r的选择和R/r比值 (11)(三)膜片弹簧起始圆锥底角的选择 (12)(四)分离指数目n的选取 (12)(五)切槽宽度δ1、δ2及半径 (12)(六)压盘加载点半径R1和支承环加载点半径r1的确定 (12)(七)膜片弹簧材料的选择 (12)(八)膜片弹簧相关参数整理 (12)五.扭转减振器的设计 (13)(一)扭转减振器的作用 (13)(二)扭转减振器的选择 (14)(三)扭转减振器参数的确定 (15)(四)减振弹簧的计算 (17)(五)扭转减振器参数整理 (19)六.从动盘总成设计 (20)(一)从动盘总成设计要求 (20)(二)从动片的选择 (20)(三)从动盘毂的设计 (21)七.离合器盖总成设计 (23)(一)离合器盖设计要求 (23)(二)压盘设计要求 (23)(三)压盘结构示意图 (24)(四)传动片设计 (24)八.设计总装配图 (27)九.设计心得 (27)十.参考文献 (28)十一附录 (28)绪论离合器是汽车传动系中直接与发动机相连接的总成,其主要功用是切断和实现发动机与传动系的平顺接合,确保汽车平稳起步;在换挡时将发动机与传动系分离,减少变速器中换档齿轮间的冲击;在工作中受到较大的动载荷时,能限制传动系所承受的最大转矩,以防止传动系各零部件因过载而损坏;有效地降低传动系中的振动和噪音。

离合器设计

离合器设计

离合器设计摘要:本文的毕业设计旨在研究和设计一种新型离合器,以提高其可靠性和寿命。

本文首先分析了传统离合器的结构和工作原理,然后介绍了新型离合器的设计思路和流程。

最后,通过实验验证了新型离合器的性能和可靠性,证明了其具有很好的应用前景。

关键词:离合器,结构,工作原理,设计,可靠性1. 引言离合器作为机械传动系统的重要组成部分,具有控制动力传递和作动过程的功能。

常见的离合器有手摇离合器、摩擦离合器和液压离合器等。

但是,传统离合器存在着结构简单、可靠性差和寿命短等问题,这限制了其在机械传动系统中的应用。

为此,本文将研究和设计一种新型离合器,以提高其可靠性和寿命,并试图解决传统离合器存在的问题。

2. 离合器的结构和工作原理离合器的结构包括驱动轴、 driven 轴、离合器盘、摩擦片、压盘等部分。

当驱动轴的动力向离合器传递时,离合器盘和驱动轴同步旋转;当离合器松开时, driven 轴就可以自由地旋转了,而无须再与驱动轴连续旋转了。

离合器的工作原理是利用离合器盘和摩擦片之间由于摩擦而转移转矩。

在离合器拉紧时,离合器盘与输出轴的离合面之间进行摩擦,转矩由驱动轴传递到离合器盘,再由离合器盘传递到输出轴。

当离合器拉松时,驱动轴和输出轴之间断开了转矩传递。

3. 新型离合器的设计基于传统离合器的结构和工作原理,本文提出了一种新型离合器的设计方案。

新型离合器采用了松紧两用的机构,即在离合器的拉杆中设置有一定长度的弹簧补偿杆,利用弹簧的弹力来实现离合器的自动补偿。

这样的设计方案可以避免因为离合器拉松不彻底而导致的摩擦片磨损、失效等问题,从而提高其可靠性和寿命。

4. 实验验证和结果分析本文对新型离合器的性能和可靠性进行了实验验证。

实验分别从离合器的拉松力、摩擦片的磨损以及使用寿命等方面进行了测试和比较。

结果表明,新型离合器相比传统离合器在上述属性上均有所提高,证明了新型离合器的设计思路和方案的可行性和合理性。

5. 结论本文的毕业设计旨在研究和设计一种新型离合器,以提高其可靠性和寿命。

离合器设计论文大学论文

离合器设计论文大学论文

第1章绪论1.1选题的目的本次设计,我力争把离合器设计系统化,为离合器设计者提供一定的参考价值。

1.2离合器发展历史近年来各国政府都从资金、技术方面大力发展汽车工业,使其发展速度明显比其它工业要快的多,因此汽车工业迅速成为一个国家工业发展水平的标志。

对于内燃机汽车来说,离合器在机械传动系中作为一个独立的总成而存在,它是汽车传动系中直接与发动机相连接听总成。

目前,各种汽车广泛采用的摩擦式离合器主要依靠主、从动部分之间的摩擦来传递动力且能分离的装置。

在早期研发的离合器中,锥形离合器最为成功。

现今所用的盘片式离合器的先驱是多片盘式离合器,它是直到1925年以后才出现的。

20世纪20年代末,直到进入30年代时,只有工程车辆、赛车和大功率的轿车上才采用多片离合器。

多年的实践经验和技术上的改进使人们逐渐趋向于首选单片干式离合器[1]。

近来,人们对离合器的要求越来越高,传统的推式膜片弹簧离合器结构正逐步地向拉式膜片弹簧离合器结构发展,传统的操纵形式的操纵形式正向自动操纵的形式发展。

因此,提高离合器的可靠性和延长其使用寿命,适应发动机的高转速,增加离合器传递转矩的能力和简化操纵,已成为离合器的发展趋势。

随着汽车发动机转速、功率不断提高和汽车电子技术的高速发展,人们对离合器的要求越来越高。

从提高离合器工作性能的角度出发,传统的推式膜片弹簧离合器结构正逐步地向拉式膜片弹簧离合器结构发展,传统的操纵形式正向自动操纵的形式发展。

因此,提高离合器的可靠性和延长其使用寿命,适应发动机的高转速,增加离合器传递转矩的能力和简化操纵,已成为离合器的发展趋势。

随着计算机的发展,设计工作已从手工转向电脑,包括计算、性能演示、计算机绘图、制成后的故障统计等等。

1.3离合器概述按动力传递顺序来说,离合器应是传动系中的第一个总成。

顾名思义,离合器是“离”与“合”矛盾的统一体。

离合器的工作,就是受驾驶员操纵,或者分离,或者接合,以完成其本身的任务。

离合器毕业论文

离合器毕业论文

离合器毕业论文The clutch is the important assembly of manual variable speed, and its good and bad relationship is whether the car can start and change smoothly. The clutch is located in the engine and gearbox between the flywheel shell, with screw will be fixed in the clutch assembly after the flywheel plane, is the input shaft from the gearbox output shaft of clutch. In the process of the car, the driver can use on the or release the clutch pedal, the engine and gearbox temporary separation and joint gradually, to cut off or transfer the engine to the transmission input power. This paper mainly studies the common failure of thedf-car clutch, and analyzes and solves it. It has a realistic meaning for the use and maintenance of cars. This paper introduces the function of dongfeng automobile clutch (make cars smooth start, interrupt to drive, function, structure, and by the east wind power, cooperate to shift, prevent overload) automobile repair clutch as an example, the typical analysis of dongfeng automobile clutch failure (clutch slippage, clutch is not complete, difficult gear, clutch jointing shake, the sound of the clutch, clutch) noise and vibration causes, solutions, maintenance way, and how to correctly use, matters needing attention when using, avoid failure of clutch, prolong service life. Key words: clutch; Dongfeng motor; Fault analysis; Theory of friction plate mesh record the chapter 1 mio... 1, 1.1 the clutch is introduced... The development of 1, 1.2 the clutch... The overview of the clutch in chapter 2... 3 2.1 the function of the clutch... The structure of the clutch of the dongfeng car... The type of working principle of the clutch and the requirements... The type of clutch... How the clutch works... The basic requirements that the friction clutch should meet... The comparison of the spring clutch with the springclutch of the spring clutch. Chapter 3: common failure analysis and maintenance of the dongfeng car clutch... 3.1 clutch gliders... 13 3.2 clutch separation not complete, hanging in the difficulty... 14 3.2.1 fault phenomenon... 14 3.2.2 troubleshooting... When the clutch joins the clutch... 16 3.3.1 fault phenomenon... 16 2 3.3.2 rainfall distribution on 10-12 reason and repair... 16 3.4 clutch sound... 16 3.4.1 track malfunction phenomenon... Reasons and processing... 17 3.5 clutch noise and vibration... 18 3.5.1 lead bearing (sleeve) damage... 18 3.5.2 separate bearing damage... 18 3.5.3 separate bearings, gearbox first axis, flywheel, clutch cover different heart... 3.5.4 flywheel - clutch assembly is unbalanced (36)clutch inspection...... The dismantlement and decomposition of the 3.6.1 clutch main cylinder... The dismantling and decomposition of the 3.6.2 clutch working cylinder... 3.6.3 main cylinder, working VAT check... 3.6.4 clutch main cylinder, working cylinder assembly... The air in the hydraulic system of 203.6.5... Chapter 4 the case of the dongfeng automobile clutch maintenance case... The case of clutch slide maintenance (22)4.4.1 fault symptoms... 22 4.1.2 overhaul method... 22 3 4.2 clutch maintenance cases... 23 2 fault symptoms... 23 4.2.2 test method... 24 "theory... 25 to thank...... 27 references... In the course of the rapid development of the national economy, the volume of automobile production increased year by year, and by 2011 it had reached more than 10 million vehicles. China has more and more cars and more and more cars. Especially the rapid development of technology, some new technology, new material widely used in automobile, to increase certain difficulty to automobile failure diagnosis and elimination, clutch is animportant assembly manual transmission car essential. Without a clutch manual, the car will not be able to start, and it will be difficult to implement the stop transform. In the car use, the clutch inevitably appears such, such a failure, directly affects the normal operation of the car. Now that cars are moving quickly into homes and cars are being privatized, car failures are going to affect us all. It is of great and realistic significance to analyze the phenomenon of clutch failure, the cause, the removal method of the clutch failure and the maintenance process of the clutch. This paper focuses on the discussion of the failure of the series of truck clutch in dongfeng series, and the fault of clutch is correctly recognized, and the clutch is better used and maintained. 1.1 introduces the clutch is located in the engine and gearbox between the flywheel shell, with screw will be fixed in the clutch assembly after the flywheel plane, is the input shaft from the gearbox output shaft of clutch. During the course of the car, the driver can step down or loosen the clutch. The engine is temporarily separated from the gearbox and gradually coalesced in order to cut or transfer the engine input to the transmission. , in the car clutch is manual and automated mechanical transmission is electronically controlled shift car transmission is an important assembly of 1, is to make sure this car can start and shift a must-have 1 independent components. Figure 1-1 of 1.2 clutch general situation of the development Today more pieces of the pioneer of plate type clutch used disc clutch, it is until after 1925. The main advantage of multi-disc clutch is that when the car starts the clutch is relatively smooth and unimpactable. By the end of the 1920s, until the 1930s, there were only a number of clutches for cars, cars, and high-powered cars. Many years of practical experience andtechnical improvement to make people gradually incline to and preferred monolithic dry friction clutch, because it has a slave unit moment of inertia of small, good heat dissipation, simple structure, convenient adjustment, the advantages of compact size, thorough separation, and take action on the structure, has been able to do joint smooth, so now it is widely used in large, medium and small various models.Now the single-disc dry friction clutch is quite perfect in the design of the structure. The smoothness of the clutch joint is improved by using a moving disc with axial elasticity. Torsional vibration damper are installed in the clutch platen assembly and to prevent the transmission of torsional resonances, reduced the transmission noise and dynamic load, with the improvement of people of automobile comfort requirements, the clutch has been improved, on the basis of the original passenger car increasingly using torsional damper with dual mass flywheel, effectively reducing the noise of the transmission system. Chapter 2, an overview of the function of the clutch 2.1 clutch installed between the engine and transmission, used to separate or joint dynamic contact between before and after. Its function is: first, prevent the transmission line overload. When the vehicle during emergency braking, if there is no clutch, the engine will sharply reduce the speed by and drivetrain rigid connection, thus all moving parts will produce very big inertia moment (its numerical could significantly more than the normal work of the engine maximum torque of), on the bearing capacity of the drive train more than its load, and make the parts damaged. With the clutch, it can be eliminated by the relative motion between the active part of the clutch and the moving part. Therefore, we need the clutchto limit the maximum torque and safety of the driving system. Second, interrupt the driving force and change gears. In the course of the car, the driving system often needs to change the gear for the changing driving conditions. Realize the shift of the gear transmission, general 6 gear or other shift, make the original launch of a gear pair with gear, make another gear gear pair into the work. Must before the shift on the clutch pedal, interrupt power transmission, easy to make the original gear meshing pair off, at the same time make the speed of new gear meshing pair meshing area gradually incline to synchronization, so enter the meshing impact can be greatly reduced, achieve a smooth shift. Third, make the car start smoothly. This is the primary function of the clutch. Before the car starts, it is natural to start the engine. When the car starts, the car accelerates from a completely static state. If the drive train (which is linked to the whole car) and engine to contact rigidity, hang up a gear, transmission, cars will be suddenly rushed forward, but it does not start. This is because the car has a lot of inertia when it comes to the front, causing a lot of torque to the engine. Under the effect of the inertia torque, the engine speed in transient time fell sharply to the lowest stable speed (generally below 300-500 RPM), the engine is shut down and cannot work, car can't start, of course. Therefore, we need the help of the clutch. Before the start after the engine starting, the car, the driver on the clutch pedal, clutch, make the engine and transmission system off, then hang up transmission gear, then gradually the clutch pedal, clutch joint gradually. Stuck in the process of joint, the engine torque increases gradually, therefore, should be gradually on the accelerating pedal at the same time, the gradual increase of engine fuel supply, the rotating speed of the engine keepon 4 minimum stability speed, without stalling. At the same time, due to the clutch joint close degree increases gradually, the engine by transmission to drive the wheel torque will increase gradually, the traction enough to overcome the initial resistance, the car is starting from the static movement and gradually accelerated guaranteeing the transmission shift work flat 2. 2.2 the structure of dongfeng automobile clutch An east wind car is to adopt the hydraulic control system, rather than using the cable type, now most of the large car adopts hydraulic control system has a small friction resistance, convenient arrangement and combination of soft, and can transfer the engine maximum torque, in the long-term work does not cause the clutch pedal force increased significantly, reduce the labor intensity of drivers, etc.Dongfeng automobile clutch hydraulic control system consists of the clutch pedal, storage tank, the oil hose, clutch master cylinder, clutch cylinder, tubing assembly, separation, pedals and release bearing assembly. The storage tank has two oil holes, and the brake fluid is supplied to the master cylinder and the clutch master cylinder respectively. The clutch main cylinder has compensable hole and feed hole, and it communicates with the reservoir through the inlet hose. The main cylinder contains the piston, the center of the piston is thinner, and the "ten" shape section makes the piston right side of the piston the inner cavity of the main cylinder forming the oil chamber. The piston ends with a leather bowl. The piston on the left side of the piston is fitted with a one-way valve, which is connected to the oil chamber of the piston right side of the piston. When the pedal is in the initial position, the piston left end cup is open between the compensation hole and the inlethole. When the clutch working cylinder has the piston, the leather bowl, the push rod and so on, the cylinder body also has the abandon screw plug. When the air exists in the official road, the air screw can be wrung out. When stepping on the clutch pedal, the piston moves to the left through the main cylinder, and the one-way valve is closed. When the piston cup is closed, the oil in the pipeline is compressed and the pressure increases. Under oil pressure, the piston of the working cylinder is pushed to the left, and the working cylinder pushes the top head directly to push the separation plate, which will drive the separation of the bearings and the clutch. 2.3 type and working principle of the clutch asked 2.3.1 type clutch points have electromagnetic clutch and the magnetic powder clutch, friction clutch, hydraulic coupling. The mechanical parts that can be joined or separated at any time by work. It can be used to control the starting, stopping, shifting and changing of the machine transmission system. The clutch type is various, according to the work properties can be divided into: 1. The electromagnetic clutch relies on the power of the coil to control the coupling and separation of the clutch. Electromagnetic clutch can be divided into: dry-type monolithic electromagnetic clutch, dry multi-disc electromagnetic clutch, wet multi-disc electromagnetic clutch, magnetic powder clutch, electromagnetic clutch slip type, etc. The working mode of the electromagnetic clutch can be divided into: the combination of the electric combination and the power failure. Dry mono-disc electromagnetic clutch: when the coil is energized, the magnet absorbs the "armature" and the clutch is in the joint state. When the coil is off, the "armature" bounces back and the clutch is separated. Dry multichip Principle of wet multi-disc electromagnetic clutch: same asabove, in addition to increase some friction, equivalent volume of torque than dry-type monolithic electromagnetic clutch, electromagnetic clutch wet multi-disc work must have oil or other cooling liquid cooling. 6 (2) the magnetic powder clutch Between the active and follower placed magnetic powder, magnetic powder in a loose state when no electricity, electricity combined with magnetic powder and active pieces with follower rotation at the same time. Advantages: the torque can be adjusted by adjusting the current, allowing the large slip difference. Disadvantages: higher temperature and higher relative price. Differential electromagnetic clutch: when the clutch is working, the main, the part must be at a certain speed difference to have torque transfer. The torque size depends on the strength of the field and the difference in speed. The excitation current stays the same, and the speed increases with the torque. The torque remains constant, the excitation current decreases, the speed decreases more seriously. Slip type electromagnetic clutch because there is no mechanical connection between master and slave unit, no wear, no leakage magnetic powder, no impact, adjust the excitation current can change speed, for the use of stepless transmission, this is the advantage of it. The main drawback of this clutch is that the vortex in the rotor produces heat, which is proportional to the difference in speed. At low speed, the efficiency is low, the efficiency is the main, the speed ratio of the slave shaft, namely eta n2 / n1. The mechanical transmission system suitable for high frequency action can be combined or separated from the active part by the active part. When the active parts are separated from the moving parts, the active parts are turned and the moving parts are still. The active and slave parts are in a joint state, and the active parts are carried by the activeparts. Widely used in machine tools, packaging, printing, textile, light industry, and office equipment. Electromagnetic clutch with 7 commonly at ambient temperature to 2050 ℃, humidity is less than 85%,In the medium without explosion danger, the coil voltage fluctuates no more than 5% of the rated voltage. Theliquid-force coupler is the active part of the fluid transfer torque of the hydraulic coupling, which is connected to the pump wheel. The turbine and pump wheel are relative to the pump. When the pump speed is low, the turbine cannot be driven, and the active part is separated from the slave. As the pump speed increases, the turbine is driven, and the active part and the follower are connected. The electromagnetic clutch controls the coupling and separation of the clutch by the power of the coil. If the magnetic powder is placed between the active and the follower, the coupling can be strengthened, which is called a magnetic powder electromagnetic clutch. At present, to match the manual transmission the vast majority of the clutch for dry friction clutch, according to the number of the platen, is divided into single disc, double disc and disc to wait for a few kinds. The friction clutch is divided into wet and dry. The friction clutch is now widely adopted in the car with the friction of spring compression, and the friction clutch is divided into wet and dry. Wet friction clutch is usually multidisc, which is abbreviated as friction clutch. To match the manual transmission the vast majority of the clutch for dry friction clutch, according to the number of the platen, is divided into single disc, double disc and disc to wait for a few kinds. Heat dissipation in other standard oils. Using several helical springs as a compression spring, the clutch,which is distributed in a circumference of the pressure plate, is called a week's spring clutch. The diaphragm spring is called the diaphragm spring clutch. The torque of the engine, through the friction between the flywheel and the pressure plate and the moving disc, is passed on to the moving plate. When the driver steps on the clutch pedal, the moving part of the diaphragm spring is separated from the active part by the passing of the machine and the spring of the diaphragm spring.2.3.2 clutch working principle 1. The working principle of the electromagnetic clutch Electromagnetic clutch electricity (the standard voltage of 24 V), the coil produces a strong magnetic field, the armature plate under the action of magnetic force were drawn to the yoke or electromagnetic electromagnetic brake friction clutch rotor bushing. The drive or brake torque is passed by the plate spring, which is run without slip and no friction after the connection. After the loss of electricity, the armature plate is in the action of the plate spring force, leaving the sleeve of the magnetic yoke or the rotor of the electromagnetic clutch, ready for the next action. There is no residual torque when released. The electromagneticclutch/electromagnetic brake or vertical installation can achieve the transmission of torque, no matter high speed or no load. The magnetic powder clutch is a combination of the input shaft and the slave unit output shaft. The space between the two units is filled with granular magnetic powder (about 40mm). When magnetic coil, non-conductive, not from the shaft torque on the driven shaft, but such as electromagnetic coil electricity, 9 is the magnetic powder by the action of magnetic attraction hardening phenomenon, in even the following would convey the torque between sliding. The essence of the hydraulic coupling is the combination of centrifugal pumps and turbines.It consists mainly of input shaft, output shaft, pump wheel, turbine, casing, auxiliary room and safety protection device. The input shaft is connected to the power machine at one end, and the other end is connected to the pump wheel: the output shaft is connected to the turbine at one end, and the other end is connected to the machine. The pump wheel is symmetrical with the turbine, and a certain number of leaves are arranged inside the wheel. The casing is sealed with the pump wheel, and the cavity is filled with liquid to transfer power. As the prime mover, through the input shaft driven pump rotates, filling in the working chamber of working liquid by centrifugal force and the role of the wheel blade by the radius of the smaller pump impeller inlet is accelerated pressurized into the radius of the larger pump wheel exports, at the same time liquid of moment of momentum increment, namely coupling pump wheel the input mechanical energy into liquid kinetic energy: when carrying liquid kinetic energy of the work by the pump export rushed to the other side of the turbine wheel, the fluid along the flow channel formed by the turbine blades of reuben do centripetal flow,At the same time, the liquid kinetic energy is released into mechanical energy which can drive the turbine and drive the load. So the working fluid in the body cavity work repeatedly do spiral circulation movement, so the output and input in the absence of any direct mechanical connection, 3 only on liquid kinetic energy is flexible to join together. 4. The working principle of the friction clutch Engine flywheel is active of clutch, platen and driven with friction disc hub by sliding spline and the driven shaft is connected (i.e., the drive shaft transmission). The compression spring will be pressed againstthe flywheel with 10 moving plates. Engine torque as the friction between the flywheel and clutch plate interface function and to the platen, and thus after a driven shaft and a series of components to the drive wheels in the drive train. The greater the compression force of the compression spring, the greater the torque that the clutch can transmit. The friction clutch should satisfy the basic requirements of the first, guarantee the maximum torque that can be delivered by the engine, and also have a certain transfer torque. Second, when it is separated, it is completely separated, and it is soft and has good heat dissipation. Third, the inertia of the moving part is as small as possible. Fourth, it has the ability to soften the direction of rotation, attenuate the vibration of the direction, and the noise is small. Fifth, the friction coefficient of pressure plate pressure and friction film is small and stable. Sixth, the manipulation of the province force, the maintenance and maintenance is convenient. 11, 2.4 push type diaphragm spring clutch and the type of the diaphragm spring clutch comparing figure 2-1 push type diaphragm spring clutch diaphragm spring clutch and pull type first, adopt as compression spring clutch diaphragm spring is called diaphragm spring clutch. Second, diaphragm spring clutch: push diaphragm spring clutch and pull diaphragm spring clutch. Its structure consists of clutch cover and pressure plate assembly, clutch disc assembly, clutch separator bearing and flywheel. Characteristics: the diaphragm spring clutch torque capacity is large and stable. Manipulation of light; Simple and compact structure; Good ventilation performance; The service life of friction film is long. 12 set of clutch diaphragm spring the installation of a rotating axis is completely symmetrical, so it's not affected by centrifugal force, compression force isvery suitable for high speed rotation. And the process of making the diaphragm spring is increasing, so the clutch is being used more and more in the car. Chapter 3 Dongfeng automobile clutch common failure analysis and repair 3.1 clutch slippage failure phenomenon The car started, the clutch pedal up too high can barely started; When you speed up, the speed doesn't improve. These are all clutches. First, the hydraulic control clutch skid, majority is because the clutch pedal free stroke is not enough to cause separation bearing pressure on the separation of lever or diaphragm and rotates. Adjustable clutch pedal return position, and adjust the master cylinder push rod length, dispatch the push rod and the piston to resist long, then push back dry half a circle, the general gaps between push rod and the piston pump. And then adjusted score 13 section rod pump adjustable length make its elongation, feel the release bearing and separating lever or diaphragm to resist, then turn adjusting screw mouth to the clearance is about 2 mm. Second, regarding the mechanical manipulation of the clutch, the clutch pedal free stroke is not enough, the adjustable pedal lever work length, the separation gap between bearing and separation of lever or diaphragm to the specified value. Third, as a result of the clutch friction plate is stained with oil and slip, can be high leverage or diaphragm, increasing the separation clearance, rope or hardwood separate the clutch pedal fixed in position, then use a screwdriver will attend a layer of clean cloth, soaked in gasoline into separate side, turn the handwheel, the oil erase, in wipe with dry cloth to clean it again. Then, use a screwdriver to pry open the other side of the friction piece. After washing, adjust the separation lever height. Fourth, when the clutch is ablative and slippery, if the friction plate is thicker, the ablation will be sanded andthe separation lever height can be adjusted. The 3.2 clutch is not completely separated, and it is difficult to catch up to 3.2.。

毕业设计汽车离合器

毕业设计汽车离合器

目录引言 (2)1汽车离合器分析 (3)1.1 离合器的基本组成和分类 (3)1.2 离合器的功用 (4)1.3 汽车离合器设计的基本要求 (4)2 摩擦离合器基本结构尺寸、参数的选择 (6)2.1 摩擦片外径及其它尺寸的确定 (6)2.1.1 摩擦片外径D (6)2.1.2 摩擦片内径d (6)2.1.3 摩擦片厚度h (7)2.1.4 校核离合器所选尺寸 (8)3 离合器零件的结构选型及设计计算 (9)3.1 从动盘总成 (9)3.1.1从动片 (10)3.1.2从动盘毂 (10)3.2 压盖和离合器盖 (13)3.2.1 压盘设计 (13)3.2.2 离合器盖设计 (17)3.3 离合器分离装置的设计 (17)3.3.1 分离杆 (17)3.3.2 分离轴承及分离套筒 (20)3.4 圆柱螺旋弹簧设计 (21)3.4.1 结构设计要点 (21)3.4.2 弹簧的材料及许用应力 (22)3.4.3 弹簧的计算 (22)3.4.4 离合器的平衡 (26)4.参考文献 (26)摘要:汽车离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳内,用螺钉将离合器总成固定在飞轮的后平面上,离合器的输出轴就是变速箱的输入轴.在汽车行驶过程中.驾驶员飞可以根据需要踩下或松开离合器踏板,使发动机与变速箱暂时的分离和断开,使发动机向变速器输入动力:(1)是汽车平稳起步。

(2)中断给传动系的动力,配合档位。

(3)防止传动系过载。

本设计主要针对某轿车设计的离合器。

根据车辆使用条件和车辆参数,按着离合器系统的设计步骤和要求,主要进行以下工作;摩擦片外径的确定,离合器后备系数的确定,单位压力的确定。

并进行总成设计主要为;分离装置的设计,及从动盘的设计(从动盘毂的设计),及圆柱螺旋弹簧的设计等。

Abstract: the clutch is located in between the engine and transmission of the flywheel crust, screwed the clutch assembly fixed after the flywheel plane, clutch output shaft is gearbox input shaft. In automobile driving process. The driver stepped on the fly can according to need or loosen the clutch, make the engine and transmission temporarily separation and disconnected, make the engine to the transmission input power: (1) is car smooth start. (2) the interrupt to transmission power, cooperate a gear. (3) prevent transmission overload. This design is mainly aimed at a car designed clutch. According to the vehicle use condition and vehicle parameters, according to the clutch system design steps and requirement, mainly for the following work; Friction slices diameter determination, and clutch determination of unit is lengthened, pressure determination. And assembly design mainly for, Separation device design, and driven plate design (platen hub design), and the design of cylindrical helical spring etc.引言离合器是汽车传动系的重要部件。

毕业设计(论文)-东风汽车离合器设计[管理资料]

毕业设计(论文)-东风汽车离合器设计[管理资料]
电磁离合器/电磁制动器水平或垂直安装都可实现扭矩的传递,无论高速或空载都不产生旋转阻力。
磁粉离合器是由传动单元(输入轴)和从动单元(输出轴)合并而成。在两组单元之间的空间,填有粒状的磁粉(休积大约40mm)。当磁性线圈,不导电时,转矩不会从传动轴传于从动轴,但如将线圈电磁通电,就由于磁力的作用而吸引磁粉产生硬化现象,在连继滑动之间会把转矩传达。
一辆东风汽车是采用液压操纵系统,而不是采用拉索式,现在大多数大型车汽车都采用液压操纵系统具有摩擦阻力小、布置方便、结合柔和,并能传递发动机最大转矩,在长期工作中不会引起离合器踏板力明显增加,减轻驾驶员的劳动强度等优点。
东风汽车离合器液压操纵系统由离合器踏板、储液罐、进油软管、离合器主缸、离合器工作缸、油管总成、分离踏板、分离轴承等总成。
转差式电磁离合器由于主、从动部件间无任何机械连接,无磨损消耗,无磁粉泄漏,无冲击,调整励磁电流可以改变转速,作无级变速器使用,这是它的优点。该离合器的主要缺点是转子中的涡流会产生热量,该热量与转速差成正比。低速运转时的效率很低,效率值为主、从动轴的转速比,即η=n2/n1。
适用于高频动作的机械传动系统,可在主动部分运转的情况下,使从动部分与主动部分结合或分离。
储液罐有两个出油孔,分别把制动液供给制动主缸和离合器主缸。
离合器主缸有补偿孔和进油孔,通过进油软管与储液罐相通。主缸内有活塞,活塞中部较细,且为“十”字形断面使活塞右方的主缸内腔形成油室。活塞两端装有皮碗。活塞左端中部装有单向阀,经小孔与活塞右方主缸内腔的油室相通。当离合器踏板处于初始位置时,活塞左端皮碗位于补偿孔与进油孔之间两孔均开放。当离合器工作缸结构有活塞、皮碗、推杆等,缸体上还设有放弃螺塞。当官路内有空气存在而影响操纵时,可拧出放气螺塞进行放气。当踩下离合器踏板时,通过主缸推杆使活塞向左移动,单向阀关闭。当活塞皮碗将补偿孔关闭后,管道中油液受压,压力升高。在油压作用下,工作缸活塞被推向左移,工作缸推杆顶头直接推动分离板,从而带动分离轴承,使离合器分离。

离合器的基本结构和工作原理毕业论文

离合器的基本结构和工作原理毕业论文

离合器的基本结构和工作原理毕业论文第1章绪论随着装载机发动机转速、功率的不断提高和装载机电子技术的高速发展,人们对离合器的要求也越来越高。

从提高离合器工作性能的角度出发,传统的圆柱弹簧与膜片弹簧再结构反面都在不断的得到优化创新,而传统的操纵形式也正向自动操纵形式发展。

因此,提高离合器的可靠性和延长其使用寿命,适应发动机的高转速,增加离合器传递转矩的能力和简化操纵,已成为离合器的发展趋势。

本文以载货装载机离合器为例,介绍了离合器的不同分类及基本结构和工作原理,并设计了单片、周置圆柱螺旋弹簧离合器的主要参数及尺寸。

另外还设计了压紧弹簧,扭转减振器以及离合器的操纵机构和主要零部件,并根据约束条件确定了离合器的各参数及尺寸是否符合要求,同时还对个别零部件进行了强度校核。

最后,对机械零件进行了Pro/E 三维建模。

本次设计的离合器采用传统的设计方案并在其基础上进行了创新与改进,其特点在于结构简单、方便、轻巧、耐用其易于制造。

第2章离合器简介2.1 离合器的功用1、保证装载机平稳起步这是离合器的首要功能。

在装载机起步前,自然要先起动发动机。

而装载机起步时,装载机是从完全静止的状态逐步加速的。

如果传动系(它联系着整个装载机)与发动机刚性地联系,则变速器一挂上档,装载机将突然向前冲一下,但并不能起步。

这是因为装载机从静止到前冲时,产生很大惯性力,对发动机造成很大地阻力矩。

在这惯性阻力矩作用下,发动机在瞬时间转速急剧下降到最低稳定转速(一般300-500RPM)以下,发动机即熄火而不能工作,当然装载机也不能起步。

2、保证传动系换档时工作平顺在装载机行驶过程中,为适应不断变化的行驶条件,传动系经常要更换不同档位工作。

实现齿轮式变速器的换档,一般是拨动齿轮或其他挂档机构,使原用档位的某一齿轮副推出传动,再使另一档位的齿轮副进入工作。

在换档前必须踩下离合器踏板,中断动力传动,便于使原档位的啮合副脱开,同时使新档位啮合副的啮合部位的速度逐步趋向同步,这样进入啮合时的冲击可以大大的减小,实现平顺的换档。

离合器毕业设计论文

离合器毕业设计论文

基于桑塔纳2000俊杰推式膜片弹簧离合器系统设计摘要在汽车传动系中,离合器是一种分离、接合装置,通过这种分离和接合实现对传动系动力的中断和传递。

离合器能够将发动机与传动系平顺地接合,确保汽车平稳起步;在换挡时将发动机与传动系分离,减少变速器中换挡齿轮之间的冲击;在工作中受到大的动载荷时,限制传动系所承受的最大转矩,防止传动系各零件因过载而损坏;同时还能有效地降低传动系中的振动和噪声。

由此可见,离合器在汽车上起着至关重要的连接发动机与变速器纽带作用。

其设计中结构的合理性,性能的稳定性,操作的便捷性将直接关系到整个汽车的动力性,操作性和经济性。

随着汽车运输的发展,离合器的设计还要在原有的基础上不断改进和提高,以适应新的使用条件。

本论文针对轻型货车,根据给定的要求和参数,设计完成了与之性能相匹配的离合器。

从汽车的总体设计开始,首先对汽车的结构形式和主要参数进行了确定。

对各种现有的离合器结构型式进行了分析对比,选择出与设计要求相匹配的离合器结构。

然后根据已确定的汽车参数,对离合器基本尺寸、参数进行了选择,同时对离合器各零部件进行选型、设计,并计算校核了设计得出的数据。

最后通过对机械式操纵系统和液压式操纵系统特点的分析,选取了液压式式操纵系统,结合人体工程学要求的舒适性,对其进行了设计和尺寸计算。

总体来说,本论文做了对汽车上常用的干式摩擦离合器设计工作,较详细地介绍了有关结构、设计、试验等方面的具体方法。

可以说,如果对汽车上一般摩擦离合器的设计理论、方法和试验有较清楚的了解和实践体会的话,那么对解决其他如自动离合器的设计等问题也会有所启发和帮助。

目 录摘要 (1)第1章 绪 论 (4)1.1 汽车离合器的研究现状及发展趋势 (4)1.2 离合器的功用 (5)1.3 现代汽车离合器应满足的要求 (6)1.4 离合器工作原理 (7)1.5 设计的预期成果 (7)第2章 离合器的结构设计 (9)2.1 离合器结构选择与论证 (9)2.1.1 摩擦片的选择 (9)2.1.2 压紧弹簧布置形式的选择 (9)2.1.3 压盘的驱动方式 (9)2.1.4 分离杠杆、分离轴承 (10)2.1.5 离合器的散热通风 (10)2.1.6 从动盘总成 (10)2.2 离合器结构设计的要点 (12)2.3 离合器主要零件的设计 (13)2.3.1 从动盘 (13)2.3.2 摩擦片 (13)2.3.3 膜片弹簧 (13)2.4 本章小结 (13)第3章 离合器的设计计算及说明 (14)3.1 离合器设计所需数据 (14)3.2 摩擦片主要参数的选择 (14)3.3 摩擦片基本参数的优化 (16)3.3.1摩擦片铆钉的强度校核 (18)3.4 膜片弹簧的设计 (18)3.4.1 截锥高度H 与厚h 比值h H 和板厚h 的选择 (20)3.4.2自由状态下碟簧部分大端R 、小端r 的选择和rR 比值.......................................................................... 20 3.4.3膜片弹簧起始圆锥底角 的选择 .. (20)3.4.5分离指数目n 的选取 (20)3.4.6 切槽宽度δ1、δ2及半径e r (20)3.4.7膜片弹簧小端内半径0r 确定 (20)3.4.8压盘加载点半径R1和支承环加载点半径r1的确定 (21)3.4.9膜片弹簧工作位置的选择: (21)3.5 膜片弹簧的优化设计 (21)3.6 扭转减振器设计 (22)3.7 减振弹簧的设计 (23)3.7.1.减振弹簧的安装位置 (23)3.7.2.全部减振弹簧总的工作负荷Z P (23)3.7.3.单个减振弹簧的工作负荷P (23)3.7.4.减振弹簧尺寸 (24)3.8从动盘毂 (25)3.9 压盘的确定 (26)3.10 传动片 (28)3.11 分离杠杆装置 (28)3.12 支承环 ........................................................................................................................................................ 29 第四章 PRO/ENGINEE 软件 .. (30)4.1 Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 4.0简介 (30)4.1.1计算机辅助设计(CAD)技术及常用CAD 软件 (30)4.1.2 Pro/ENGINEER 的发展历程 (30)4.1.3 Pro/ENGINEER 的主要模块及应用领域 (31)4.1.4 Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 4.0的新增功能 (31)4.1.5 Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 4.0核心设计思想 (32)结 论 (34)参考文献 (35)致谢 (36)第1章绪论1.1 汽车离合器的研究现状及发展趋势汽车是作为一种交通工具而产生的,但是汽车发展到今天已经不能把它理解为单纯的“行”的手段。

离合器毕业设计(论文)

离合器毕业设计(论文)

基于SolidWorks汽车离合器设计摘要在汽车配件中有一样很重要的零件那就是离合器。

离合器装在发动机与变速器之间,汽车从启动到行驶的整个过程中,经常需要使用离合器。

它的作用是使发动机与变速器之间能逐渐接合,从而保证汽车平稳起步;暂时切断发动机与变速器之间的联系,以便于换档和减少换档时的冲击;当汽车紧急制动时能起分离作用,防止变速器等传动系统过载,起到一定的保护作用。

离合器类似开关,接合或断离动力传递作用,因此,任何形式的汽车都有离合装置,只是形式不同而已。

现在,电子技术也进入离合器系统,一种由控制单元(ECU)控制的离合器已经应用在多款的轿跑车上。

本设计主要是通过三维设计软件SolidWorks对离合器的各个零部件的绘制和分析,更好的表达了离合器结构和零部件的连结关系,这样可以更好的分析和设计离合器。

关键词:汽车配件;离合器;离合器参数;工程要求The Design of Automobile Clutch on SolidWorksAbstractAuthor:Yue Hong-shengTutor:YangliThere are the same as in the auto parts a very important part and that is the clutch. Clutch mounted between the engine and transmission, car from start to moving the entire process, often need to use the clutch. Its role is to make between the engine and transmission can be gradually bonding, so as to ensure a smooth start car; temporarily cut off the link between the engine and transmission in order to shift and reduce the impact of shift time; when the vehicle emergency braking effect when separate role in preventing transmission and other drive system overload, play a certain protective effect. Clutch similar to the switch, junction, or breaking away from the power transmission and, accordingly, any form of vehicle has a clutch device, but the form is different. Today, electronic technology has also entered Ling GIA system.A kind of by the control unit (ECU) controls the clutch has been used in many different types on the coupe.This design mainly through the SolidWorks 3D design software for the various components of the clutch drawing and analysis, a better expression of the clutch links the relationship between the structure and components, so that better analysis and design of the clutch.Keywords: Auto Parts;Clutch;Clutch parameters;3D design目录1前言 (4)2离合器结构方案分析 (5)2.1离合器的作用 (5)2.2离合器的种类 (6)2.3离合器的结构的确定 (8)3 离合器结构与计算 (11)3.1离合器主要参数的选择 (11)3.2离合器零件的设计与计算 (13)3.3标准件参数的确定 (15)4 SolidWorks的离合器设计 (18)4.1离合器零件的绘制 (18)4.2离合器的装配 (19)4.3爆炸图的生成 (21)4.4工程图的生成 (22)结论 (23)致谢 (24)参考文献 (25)1前言当今世界汽车产业发展迅速,汽车配件也随之紧跟。

推荐-EQ1091离合器设计 精品

推荐-EQ1091离合器设计 精品

学号30612109104EQ1091离合器设计教学系:汽车工程系指导教师:梅栋专业班级:车辆1093班学生姓名:二零一三年五月()任务书()开题报告注:1. 开题报告应根据教师下发的()任务书,在教师的指导下由学生独立撰写,在学院规定时间内完成;2.设计的目的及意义至少800字,基本内容和技术方案至少400字;3.指导教师意见应从选题的理论或实际价值出发,阐述学生利用的知识、原理、建立的模型正确与否、学生的论证充分否、学生能否完成课题,达到预期的目标。

郑重声明本人郑重声明:所呈交的是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。

除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外,本不包括任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。

本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。

本人签名:日期:目录摘要本设计主要分析了膜片弹簧离合器,对膜片弹簧离合器进行了分类,阐述了膜片弹簧离合器的原理和组成,及其特性。

通过详细的推导过程积累了大量的数据,并成功的绘制出了膜片弹簧离合器的成品图。

叙述了离合器的发展现状,和它的工作原理,在此过程中,经过对比结合,初步确定了合适的离合器结构形式,选取了拉式膜片弹簧离合器,并且带有扭转减振器,为后面的计算提供了理论基础。

在计算中,首先确定摩擦片外径尺寸,然后根据该尺寸对其他部件总成进行了计算和设计。

通过计算校核摩擦片外径尺寸,计算选择出其他部件的外形尺寸,再对其进行校核,确定是否能达到设计要求。

设计包括对从动盘总成的设计校核,对压盘的设计校核,对离合器盖的设计校核及离合器盖的设计校核和优化。

具体设计计算了摩擦片、扭转减振器、膜片弹簧、压盘、离合器盖、传动片等多个部件总成在上述工作完成之后,通过计算机Pro/E软件的学习运用,对离合器总体装配图、从动盘总成、压盘、膜片弹簧、摩擦片进行了绘制,在绘制的过程中对离合器的装配又有了进一步的理解,并且完善了计算部分的遗漏。

这次的设计,可以对原有离合器的设计提出优化和修改的建议,对其以后的设计过程起参考作用。

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EQ1091离合器设计毕业论文目录Abstract (9)1 绪论 (10)1.1引言 (10)1.2 汽车离合器的现状发展 (10)1.2.1 汽车离合器的现状 (10)1.3 本文研究的主要容 (11)2 离合器结构原理分析 (12)2.1 离合器机构类型的分析 (12)2.2 膜片弹簧离合器的结构和工作原理 (12)2.3 膜片弹簧离合器的特性 (13)2.4 离合器的设计原则 (14)2.5 本章小结 (15)3 膜片弹簧的设计与计算 (16)3.1 离合器主要参数的选择 (16)3.2 膜片弹簧基本参数的选择及确定 (17)3.3 膜片弹簧的校核 (18)3.4 本章小结 (20)4 扭转减振器的设计计算 (21)4.1 扭转减振器的特性及主要参数的选取 (21)4.2 减振弹簧的尺寸确定 (22)4.3 从动片相对从动盘毂的最大转角 (23)4.4 限位销与从动盘缺口侧边的间隙及限位销直径d (23)4.5 从动盘毂缺口宽度及安装窗口尺寸 (23)4.6 本章小结 (24)5 离合器操纵机构的设计 (25)5.1 离合器的踏板位置、行程和踏板力 (25)5.2 操纵系统的传动比计算 (26)5.3 主缸和工作缸的设计计算 (26)5.3.1 主缸的工作原理及计算 (26)5.3.2 分缸的工作原理及计算 (28)5.4 本章小结 (29)6 离合器其它零件的设计及计算 (30)6.1 从动盘毂花键的设计计算 (30)6.2 压盘的设计计算 (31)6.3 分离轴承的设计计算 (32)6.4 从动片的设计 (33)6.5 分离杆的材料 (33)6.6 本章小结 (34)7 结论 (35) (36)摘要本设计主要分析了膜片弹簧离合器,对膜片弹簧离合器进行了分类,阐述了膜片弹簧离合器的原理和组成,及其特性。

通过详细的推导过程积累了大量的数据,并成功的绘制出了膜片弹簧离合器的成品图。

叙述了离合器的发展现状,和它的工作原理,在此过程中,经过对比结合,初步确定了合适的离合器结构形式,选取了拉式膜片弹簧离合器,并且带有扭转减振器,为后面的计算提供了理论基础。

在计算中,首先确定摩擦片外径尺寸,然后根据该尺寸对其他部件总成进行了计算和设计。

通过计算校核摩擦片外径尺寸,计算选择出其他部件的外形尺寸,再对其进行校核,确定是否能达到设计要求。

设计包括对从动盘总成的设计校核,对压盘的设计校核,对离合器盖的设计校核及离合器盖的设计校核和优化。

具体设计计算了摩擦片、扭转减振器、膜片弹簧、压盘、离合器盖、传动片等多个部件总成在上述工作完成之后,通过计算机Pro/E软件的学习运用,对离合器总体装配图、从动盘总成、压盘、膜片弹簧、摩擦片进行了绘制,在绘制的过程中对离合器的装配又有了进一步的理解,并且完善了计算部分的遗漏。

这次的设计,可以对原有离合器的设计提出优化和修改的建议,对其以后的设计过程起参考作用。

通过这次设计达到了优化改进原有离合器,提高该型汽车使用性,舒适性,并提高了汽车的工作效率的目的。

关键词:离合器、从动盘、膜片弹簧AbstractAnalysis of the design of the main diaphragm spring clutch, the diaphragm spring clutch classified on the clutch diaphragm spring principle and the composition and characteristics. Derived through a detailed process of the accumulation of a large amount of data and to map out the success of the diaphragm spring clutch of the finished map. Describes the development of the clutch, and its working principle, in the process, after comparison with the right to determine the initial structure of the clutch, select the pull-type diaphragm spring clutch, and a reverse shock absorber for the back calculation provides a theoretical basis. In the calculation, first determine the size diameter friction plate, and then according to the size of other parts assembly and design is calculated. Check by calculating the friction plate diameter size, calculated to select the size of other components, and then check them to see whether it can meet the design requirements. Design including the design of the driven disc assembly verification, the design of the pressure plate check on the clutch cover, clutch cover design verification and design verification and optimization. Calculation of the specific design of the friction plate, reversing the shock absorber, diaphragm spring, pressure plate, clutch cover, transmission components, such as chip assemblyAfter completion of the above work, through computer Pro / E software to study the use of the general assembly of the clutch driven plate assembly, pressure plate, diaphragm springs, friction plate for a draw, in the process of drawing on the clutch assembly have a better understanding of, and improved the calculation ofthe missing part.The design of the original design of the clutch to optimize and modify the proposal, its future role in the design process from the reference. Achieved through optimization of the design to improve the original clutch and improve the use of this type of vehicle, comfort, and enhance the work of automobile efficiency.Key words:Clutch、Follower plate、Diaphragm Spring1 绪论1.1引言在以燃机作为动力的机械传动汽车中,离合器都是作为一个独立的零件存在。

虽然发展自动传动系统是汽车传动系统的发展趋势,但也有专家指出:根据德国出版的2003年世界汽车年签,2002年世界各国114家汽车所生产的1864款乘用车中,手动机械变速器车款为1337款;在我国,乘用车中自动挡车款式只占全国平均数的26.35%;若考虑商用车中更是多数采用手动变速器,手动挡汽车目前仍是世界车款的主流(其中不排除一些国家或地区自动变速器车款是其主流产品)。

谈到未来,考虑到手动传动系将向自动传动系过度,但现在手动传动戏也在不断改善,因此也是自动传动系的有力竞争对手。

可以说,从目前到将来离合器这一部件将会伴随着燃机一起存在,不可能在汽车上消失。

1.2 汽车离合器的现状发展1.2.1 汽车离合器的现状如今单片干式摩擦离合器在结构设计方面相当完善。

采用具有轴向弹性的从动盘,提高了离合器结合的平顺性。

离合器从动盘总成中装有扭转减振器,防止了传动系统的过载、共振,并且减小了传动系噪声。

近年来,出现了扭转减振特性和性能价格比较为理想的双质量飞轮结构,这种飞轮由初级飞轮、扭转减振器和次级飞轮组成,采用径向布置减振弹簧,在有限的空间可以获得相当好的减振效果。

它突破了传统的飞轮铸造生产方法,以钢板冲压取而代之。

随着汽车运输业的发展,离合器还要在原有的基础上不断提高和改进,以适应新的使用条件。

从国外的发展动向来看,近年来车辆在性能上向高速发展,发动机的功率和转速不断提高,载货汽车趋于大型化,国也有类似情况。

此外,离合器的使用条件也日酷一日。

因此,提高离合器的传扭能力、提高其使用寿命、简化操作已成为离合器目前发展的趋势。

对于重型离合器,由于商用车趋于大型化,发动机功率不断加大,但离合器允许加大尺寸空间有限,离合器的使用条件日酷一日,增加了离合器扭转能力,提高其使用寿命,简化操作,已成为重型离合器发展的趋势。

为了提高离合器的扭转能力,在重型汽车上可采用双片干式离合器。

从理论上讲,在相同的径向尺寸下,双片离合器的扭转能力和使用寿命是单片 1 倍。

但受到其它客观因素的影响,实际效果要比理论值低一些。

近年来湿式离合器在技术上不断的改进,在国外某些重型牵引汽车和自卸汽车上又开始采用多片湿式离合器。

与干式离合器相比,由于油泵进行强制冷却的结果,摩擦表面温度较低,因此起步时长时间打滑也不致烧损摩擦片。

据报道,这种离合器有着良好的起步能力,其使用寿命可达干式的5~6 倍。

1.2.2 汽车离合器的发展在早期研发的离合器结构中,锥形离合器最为成功。

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