口译技巧2-听辩训练

听辨句子主干结构
词语顺序：主谓宾（Subject 词语顺序：主谓宾（Subject + predicate Verb + Object） Object） e.g: one of my good friends just won an important prize. 经验模式：参与者 participant + 过程 process： process： 谁干什么 e.g: It gives me a great pleasure to be here. 信息结构：已知信息+ 信息结构：已知信息+新信息 （主位 theme + 述 位 rheme） rheme）
中美两国人民每天都在共同努力创造新的机会。 主席先生，今天我们也表明了两国政府可以同样 为了共同的利益一起努力，其中也包括这条消 息——根据一项新的协议，我们的国家动物园将 ——根据一项新的协议，我们的国家动物园将 可以继续保留吸引孩子和游客们的中国大熊猫。
I'm told that there is a Chinese proverb that says: If you want one year of prosperity, then grow grain. If you want 10 years of prosperity, then grow trees. But if you want 100 years of prosperity, then you grow people.
听辨不同口音 语音变异：地域变异、年龄阶层变异
口译听辨训练方法
源语要点复述 篇章提纲（Outline）写作 篇章提纲（Outline）写作 篇章概述（Summarization） 篇章概述（Summarization） 从听标准音到听方言口音 语言片段主题识别训练 难词生词猜测训练 长句结构分析归纳训练 下文预测训练
There are too many distinguished guests to mention all of you tonight. But I do want to acknowledge a few who have championed relations between our nations: First of all, President Jimmy Carter and his wonderful wife Rosalynn Carter are here. As well as President Bill Clinton and my outstanding Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton.
听辨逻辑线索
逻辑关系：点 线 面 逻辑关系： 概括 generalization 分类 classification 因果 cause-effect cause对比对照 compare & contrast 时间、空间、步骤、重要性的顺序排列 sequencing 列举 simple listing 提出问题— 提出问题—解决问题 problem-solution problem-
翻译训练1 翻译训练1
Michelle Jimmy Carter Rosalynn Carter Bill Clinton Hillary Clinton Delegation代表团 Delegation代表团 pay tribute to 致以谢意 acknowledge 感谢 championed relations 关键的关系 Secretary of State国务卿 State国务卿 in a spirit of 本着…精神 本着… Democracy 民主制 Perspective 观点 Reverence崇敬 Reverence崇敬 Immigrants移民 Immigrants移民 mutual benefit相互利益 benefit相互利益 Dazzle耀眼 Dazzle耀眼 agreement 协议
我们也不应该忘记历史上我们两国人民为了共同 的进步而共同努力。我们有二百多年的贸易历史， 在二战中我们并肩作战，中国的移民和华裔美国 人对美国的建设做出了贡献，其中包括许多今晚 在座的嘉宾。
The Chinese and American people work together and create new opportunities together every single day. Mr. President, today we’ve shown we’ that our governments can work together as well, for our mutual benefit. And that includes this bit of news -— under a new agreement, our National Zoo will continue to dazzle children and visitors with the beloved giant pandas.
口译技巧2 口百度文库技巧2
口译听辩
口译时该如何听
从听字词转变为听意思 从听语言形式转变为听内在含义 从语音听辨转变为语流听辨
听辨关键词（ words） 听辨关键词（key words）
词汇层面：名词、动词、代词、形容词等实词 句法层面：主语、谓语、宾语或表语等句子主干 e.g: I feel happy and honored to be here. 语意层面：已知信息+ 语意层面：已知信息+新信息 E.g:Now, let’s welcome the next speaker, Mr…. let’ Mr… 语气层面：重读、强调、重复 E.g:我现在的心情，可以说是即高兴又惶恐 E.g:我现在的心情，可以说是即高兴又惶恐
胡主席，今天的聚会体现了我们相互尊重的精神，美国是 世界上最悠久的民主制度国家，中国是世界上最古老的文 明之一。我们很容易将注意力放在文化与观点的差别之上， 但我们也不应该忘记两国人民共有的价值观——对家庭的 但我们也不应该忘记两国人民共有的价值观——对家庭的 重视，对通过教育、勤奋和牺牲创造未来的信念，更重要 的，对子女提供更好生活的愿望。
Let’ Let’s also never forget that throughout our history our people have worked together for mutual progress. We’ve traded together for We’ more than 200 years. We stood together in the Second World War. Chinese immigrants and Chinese Americans have helped to build America, including many who join us here tonight.
Good evening, everybody. Please have a seat. On behalf of Michelle and myself, welcome to the White House. And thank you for joining us as we host President Hu and the Chinese delegation, and as we pay tribute to the bonds between two great nations and two proud peoples. 大家晚上好。请坐。米歇尔和我欢迎大家 光临白宫。感谢各位与我们一道欢迎胡锦 涛主席和中国代表团，对中美两国和人民 的紧密关系致意。
逻辑分析：纵向分析 横向分析 逻辑分析： 逻辑关系标识词（线索词）： 逻辑关系标识词（线索词）： 先后次序：first 先后次序：first of all, next, previously, simultaneously, eventually 并列关系：and, 并列关系：and, too, meanwhile, in the meantime 递进关系：also, 递进关系：also, moreover, in addition, furthermore, besides, not only, on top of that 转折关系：but, 转折关系：but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, instead, in fact 让步关系：although, 让步关系：although, despite, in spite of, even though 因果关系：so, 因果关系：so, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, reason, because, for, due to, accordingly, lead to 对照关系：like, 对照关系：like, likewise, similarly, in a similar manner, as well as, in common with, both, compared to 对比关系：different 对比关系：different from, unlike, by contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely 解释关系：that 解释关系：that is to say, in other words, this means 条件关系：if, 条件关系：if, unless, once, provided that, in case (of), had I known, were this to happen 举例关系：for 举例关系：for example / instance, in this case, namely, such as, a case in point 归纳总结：on 归纳总结：on the whole, in brief, to sum up, in conclusion, in summary, to conclude, in short
借助语境推测词义
语言语境： 上下文：同位语、从句、下定 义、举例子、打比方、逻辑关系、冗余信 息 Many debilities of old age, including loss of hearing, poor eyesight and diseases such as arthritis, can be treated medically. 非语言语境：主题、内容、顺序、语气； 时间、地点、环境、当事人、交际方式
今晚在座的有非常多的贵宾，我想特别介绍一下 对我们两国关系起到关键作用的人：吉米· 对我们两国关系起到关键作用的人：吉米·卡特总 统和他的夫人罗萨琳·卡特，还有比尔· 统和他的夫人罗萨琳·卡特，还有比尔·克林顿总统 及我们出色的国务卿希拉里· 及我们出色的国务卿希拉里·克林顿。
President Hu, we have met today in a spirit of mutual respect: the United States -- the oldest democracy in the world, and China -- one of the oldest civilizations in the world. And while it’s easy to focus on our it’ differences of culture and perspective, let us never forget the values that our people share: A reverence for family; the belief that, with education and hard work and with sacrifice, the future is what we make it; and most of all, the desire to give our children a better life.